In The Holy Land in Observant Franciscan Texts (c. 1480–1650) Marianne Ritsema van Eck analyses the development of the complex Observant Franciscan engagement with the Holy Land during the early modern period. During these eventful centuries friars of the Franciscan establishment in Jerusalem increasingly sought to cultivate strong ideological ties between themselves and the Holy Land, participating actively in contemporary literatures of geographia sacra and Levantine pilgrimage and travel. It becomes clear how the friars constructed a collective memory using the ideological canon of their order – featuring Bonaventurian theology, marvels of the east, cartography, apocalyptic visions of history, calls for Crusade, and finally a pilgrimage-possessio of the Holy Land by Francis.
Marianne P. Ritsema van Eck, Ph.D. (2017), University of Amsterdam, is assistant professor at the University of Leiden. She specializes in late medieval and early modern religious history, and has published on pilgrimage and travel, historical cartography, graffiti, and sacri monti.
Acknowledgements Note on Transcriptions, Orthography, and Documentation List of Figures
1Franciscan Holy Land writing: Themes and Approaches
1Social, Memorial, and Sacred Space
2The “Holy” Land
3Franciscan Holy Land Territoriality
4Paul Walther von Guglingen and his Treatise
5Synopsis
2Situating the Sacred Centre in an Observant Franciscan Cosmos
1Guglingen Sets the Scene
2Jerusalem as the Sacred Middle Point of Bonaventure’s Metaphysical Circle
3The Sacred Centre in later Franciscan Holy Land Writing
4Marvels as Vestiges of the Sacred Centre
ss 5Conclusion
3Holy Places, Sacred Travel
1The Survival of Holy Land Pilgrimage
2The Main Attraction or a Moot Point: Sacred Space
3“Why do Protestants go on Holy Land pilgrimage?”: The Franciscan Perspective
4Pilgrims between Curiosity and Devotion
5Advising Pilgrims: Franciscan voyages to the Levant
6Conclusion
4St Francis and the Holy Land in the Fifteenth Century
1Guglingen’s history of Jerusalem
2Franciscan Expectations for the Future of the Holy Land
3Guglingen’s call for Crusade
4Late Medieval Franciscan Crusade projects and their Patrons
5St Francis in the Holy Land
6Conclusion
5St Francis’ Possessio of the Holy Land in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries
1Competing with Jesuits, Capuchins, and Greeks in early Ottoman Jerusalem
2Territorial Franciscan Holy Land writing in the Seventeenth Century
3Francesco Quaresmio’s Simulacrum of the Holy Land
4Francis’ pilgrimage-possessio of the Holy Land
5Prophecy, Conformity, and Apocalypticism
6Conclusion
6Epilogue
Bibliography Index
All interested in late medieval and early modern religious history, Franciscan history, pilgrimage and travel to the Holy Land, historical cartography, sacred space, theology, territoriality, and history of the Crusades.