Citizenship is one of the most important legacies of human development. It raises the human status from a biological condition into a cultural, moral, political and rationalistic one. It is a constantly evolving process, which at each new turn, adds complexity to human existence.
After the breakthroughs of the eighteenth century, with the first steps in recognition of civil and political rights, and of the twentieth century with the advancement of social rights and the emergence of cultural and environmental rights, one could conclude that the twenty-first century would see an enlargement of citizenship ideas and ideals. Has this indeed happened? Where are we now when it comes to identifying ourselves as citizens?
Varying across several disciplines, this volume addresses the complexities of citizenship and our attempts to make sense of them.
Tamara Nair is a Research Fellow at the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies in Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore. Her research interests include human security and human development.
Maria Inês Amaro is an Assistant Professor at University Institute of Lisbon (ISCTE-IUL). Her research interests are social policy, consensual budgets and social minimus.
Notes on Contributors
Being a Citizen
Tamara Nair and Maria Inés Amaro
part 1
Citizenship as a Global Asset The Unconscious Bias in Silences of Global Citizenship
S. Ram Vemuri
part 2
Citizenship and the State Minimum Income Standard as a Social Citizenship Benchmark
The Case of Portugal Maria Inês Amaro and Francisco Branco
Citizenship as an Egg?
Y.Y. Brandon Chen
I Am The Three Percent
Amanda Bigler
part 3
Citizenship in Education Representations of Young Citizens in Aotearoa New Zealand’s Schooling Curriculum
Philippa Hunter
Students’ Understandings of Citizenship and Citizenship Education in Secondary Schools in Chile
Paula Leal
Why “Where Are You From?” Should Never Be Asked of a Third Culture Kid
Judith Zangerle
part 4
Governing Citizenship Decentralisation and the Identity of the Citizen
Deepening Democracy or Driving Disadvantage? Tamara Nair
Researchers interested in citizenship studies from a multidisciplinary background. Any student, academic, practitioner and lay person interested on reflection about citizenship in present times through its different dimensions and approaches.