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Governing the Frontiers in the Ottoman Empire
Notables, Tribes and Peasants of Muş (1820s-1880s)
Series: - The Ottoman Empire and its Heritage, Volume: 79
Author:
Based on many previously unused sources from Ottoman and British archives,
Governing the Frontiers in the Ottoman Empire offers a micro-history to understand the nineteenth century Ottoman reforms on the eastern frontiers. By examining the administrative, military and fiscal transformation of Muş, a multi-ethnic, multi-religious sub-province in the Ottoman East, it shows how the reforms were not top-down and were shaped according to local particularities. The book also provides a story of the notables, tribes and peasants of a frontier region. Focusing on the relations between state-notables, notables-tribes, notables-peasants and finally tribes-peasants, the book shows both the causes of contention and collaborations between the parties.
Gülseren Duman Koç, Ph.D. (2018), Boğaziçi University, is an assistant professor of History at Istanbul Medeniyet University, Turkey. She has published articles and book chapters in English and Turkish.
Acknowledgements
List of Illustrations
A Note on Transliteration
1 Introduction
1.1 Frontiers, Tanzimat and Provincial Studies
1.2 Historical Geography of Muş
1.3 About the Sources
1.4 Structure of the Book
2 Emin Pasha of Muş: A Negotiation of Power in the Periphery of the Ottoman Empire
2.1 Notables of Muş and the Nature of Their Political and Economic Power
2.2 The Rise of Emin Pasha
2.3 Utilization of Frontier Tribes
2.4 Conclusion
3 The Revolt of Emin Pasha: Punishment and Cooptation
3.1 Preparation for the Revolt: In the Pursuit of Allies
3.2 Between Negotiation and Contest
3.3 The Contours of Negotiation
3.4 The Reappointment of Emin Pasha
3.5 Muş in the Course of Centralization Efforts: The First Phase of the Abolition of Yurtluk-Ocaklıks
3.6 Conclusion
4 The Tanzimat State in Muş: Collaboration with and Punishment of Local Actors
4.1 On the Eve of the Application of Tanzimat Reforms: A Network of Exploitation
4.2 The Tanzimat State in Muş
4.3 Old Actors and the New Regime
4.4 Şerif Bey as Mediator: The Beginning of the End
4.5 Exile of Alaaddin Pashazades from Muş
4.6 Conclusion
5 Aftermath of the Exile of the Yurtluk-Ocaklık Holders
5.1 Confiscation of the Yurtluk-Ocaklık Villages of Şerif Bey and His Brothers and Its Implications
5.2 Limits of the Villages and the Determination of Salaries
5.3 Struggle for Forgiveness
5.4 Debate over the Yurtluk-Ocaklık Villages of Emin Pasha
5.5 Future of the Yurtluk-Ocaklık Salaries
5.6 Conclusion
6 The Post Tanzimat Era: Evaluation of the Reforms through the Petitions of Ordinary People
6.1 Conflicting Viewpoints Regarding Governors
6.2 New Administrators, Old Habits
6.3 Socio-Economic Results of the Crimean War for Muş’s Locality
6.4 Council Members, Tax Farmers, Moneylenders and Peasants
6.5 Conclusion
7 Governors, Tribes, and Peasants
7.1 Implications of the Tanzimat Reforms for the Nomadic Groups
7.2 Peasants and the Nomads: Settlement of the Tribes
7.3 Nomadic Tribes in the Vicinity of the Sanjak of Muş
8 The Hesenan Tribe: The Cases of Rıdvan and Kulihan Aghas
8.1 The Tribes in Dispute: Conflicts between the Tribes of Muş and Those of Its Vicinity
8.2 In Lieu of a Conclusion
9 Conclusion
Bibliography
Index
List of Illustrations
A Note on Transliteration
1 Introduction
1.1 Frontiers, Tanzimat and Provincial Studies
1.2 Historical Geography of Muş
1.3 About the Sources
1.4 Structure of the Book
2 Emin Pasha of Muş: A Negotiation of Power in the Periphery of the Ottoman Empire
2.1 Notables of Muş and the Nature of Their Political and Economic Power
2.2 The Rise of Emin Pasha
2.3 Utilization of Frontier Tribes
2.4 Conclusion
3 The Revolt of Emin Pasha: Punishment and Cooptation
3.1 Preparation for the Revolt: In the Pursuit of Allies
3.2 Between Negotiation and Contest
3.3 The Contours of Negotiation
3.4 The Reappointment of Emin Pasha
3.5 Muş in the Course of Centralization Efforts: The First Phase of the Abolition of Yurtluk-Ocaklıks
3.6 Conclusion
4 The Tanzimat State in Muş: Collaboration with and Punishment of Local Actors
4.1 On the Eve of the Application of Tanzimat Reforms: A Network of Exploitation
4.2 The Tanzimat State in Muş
4.3 Old Actors and the New Regime
4.4 Şerif Bey as Mediator: The Beginning of the End
4.5 Exile of Alaaddin Pashazades from Muş
4.6 Conclusion
5 Aftermath of the Exile of the Yurtluk-Ocaklık Holders
5.1 Confiscation of the Yurtluk-Ocaklık Villages of Şerif Bey and His Brothers and Its Implications
5.2 Limits of the Villages and the Determination of Salaries
5.3 Struggle for Forgiveness
5.4 Debate over the Yurtluk-Ocaklık Villages of Emin Pasha
5.5 Future of the Yurtluk-Ocaklık Salaries
5.6 Conclusion
6 The Post Tanzimat Era: Evaluation of the Reforms through the Petitions of Ordinary People
6.1 Conflicting Viewpoints Regarding Governors
6.2 New Administrators, Old Habits
6.3 Socio-Economic Results of the Crimean War for Muş’s Locality
6.4 Council Members, Tax Farmers, Moneylenders and Peasants
6.5 Conclusion
7 Governors, Tribes, and Peasants
7.1 Implications of the Tanzimat Reforms for the Nomadic Groups
7.2 Peasants and the Nomads: Settlement of the Tribes
7.3 Nomadic Tribes in the Vicinity of the Sanjak of Muş
8 The Hesenan Tribe: The Cases of Rıdvan and Kulihan Aghas
8.1 The Tribes in Dispute: Conflicts between the Tribes of Muş and Those of Its Vicinity
8.2 In Lieu of a Conclusion
9 Conclusion
Bibliography
Index
Undergraduate and postgraduate students who are interested in the nineteenth century Ottoman Empire, particularly those who are interested in the history of state-notable relations, Kurdish notables, Kurdish tribes, Kurdish and Armenian peasant groups, will be the main audience for my book. In addition, the libraries of universities and institutions in Europe and the USA, which are particularly concerned with Middle Eastern history, including the Kurdish and Armenian populations of the Ottoman Empire will provide the market for my book. Subject areas are in general social sciences, in particular, Middle Eastern history, the Ottoman Empire, the history of notables, and Kurdish history.