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"In the face of such 'unspeakable truths,' wouldn't it be better to simply, quietly bow out?" (Kora Andrieu: Sorry for the Genocide, 2009). This book affirms this question regarding colonial crimes through an interdisciplinary approach. For coming to terms with massive systemic injustice, not only the historic foundations and legal questions are relevant, but also political viewpoints as well as peace ethics. The book reveals: In the face of extreme violence, even genocide, a political apology can be an effective tool for conflict transformation, even when the injustice is far in the past.
Author:
"In the face of such 'unspeakable truths,' wouldn't it be better to simply, quietly bow out?" (Kora Andrieu: Sorry for the Genocide, 2009). This book affirms this question regarding colonial crimes through an interdisciplinary approach. For coming to terms with massive systemic injustice, not only the historic foundations and legal questions are relevant, but also political viewpoints as well as peace ethics. The book reveals: In the face of extreme violence, even genocide, a political apology can be an effective tool for conflict transformation, even when the injustice is far in the past.
Second Revised Edition
This collection of chapters tracks and explains the impact of the nine core United Nations human rights treaties in 20 selected countries, four from each of the five UN regions. Researchers based in each of these countries were responsible for the chapters, in which they assess the influence of the treaties and treaty body recommendations on legislation, policies, court decisions and practices. By covering the 20 years between July 1999 and June 2019, this book updates a study done 20 years ago.
Second Revised Edition
This collection of chapters tracks and explains the impact of the nine core United Nations human rights treaties in 20 selected countries, four from each of the five UN regions. Researchers based in each of these countries were responsible for the chapters, in which they assess the influence of the treaties and treaty body recommendations on legislation, policies, court decisions and practices. By covering the 20 years between July 1999 and June 2019, this book updates a study done 20 years ago.
An Ethnography of Logics and Practices of Distribution in a Ugandan Refugee Camp
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The open access publication of this book has been published with the support of the Swiss National Science Foundation.
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At a time when rights are increasingly placed on the humanitarian agenda, this book provides a unique ethnographic account of the dynamics of aid to disabled people in a Ugandan refugee camp. By unraveling the complexities of social, material and institutional interdependencies, the author invites us to rethink conventional notions of dependence and vulnerability. Exploring issues of personhood as they relate to the exchange of material goods and care, the book offers a thought-provoking perspective on the seemingly promising shift towards a rights-based approach. A compelling read for anyone seeking to reshape the humanitarian agenda.
The open access publication of this book has been published with the support of the Swiss National Science Foundation.
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At a time when rights are increasingly placed on the humanitarian agenda, this book provides a unique ethnographic account of the dynamics of aid to disabled people in a Ugandan refugee camp. By unraveling the complexities of social, material and institutional interdependencies, the author invites us to rethink conventional notions of dependence and vulnerability. Exploring issues of personhood as they relate to the exchange of material goods and care, the book offers a thought-provoking perspective on the seemingly promising shift towards a rights-based approach. A compelling read for anyone seeking to reshape the humanitarian agenda.
An Ethnography of Logics and Practices of Distribution in a Ugandan Refugee Camp
Author:
*
The open access publication of this book has been published with the support of the Swiss National Science Foundation.
*
At a time when rights are increasingly placed on the humanitarian agenda, this book provides a unique ethnographic account of the dynamics of aid to disabled people in a Ugandan refugee camp. By unraveling the complexities of social, material and institutional interdependencies, the author invites us to rethink conventional notions of dependence and vulnerability. Exploring issues of personhood as they relate to the exchange of material goods and care, the book offers a thought-provoking perspective on the seemingly promising shift towards a rights-based approach. A compelling read for anyone seeking to reshape the humanitarian agenda.
The open access publication of this book has been published with the support of the Swiss National Science Foundation.
*
At a time when rights are increasingly placed on the humanitarian agenda, this book provides a unique ethnographic account of the dynamics of aid to disabled people in a Ugandan refugee camp. By unraveling the complexities of social, material and institutional interdependencies, the author invites us to rethink conventional notions of dependence and vulnerability. Exploring issues of personhood as they relate to the exchange of material goods and care, the book offers a thought-provoking perspective on the seemingly promising shift towards a rights-based approach. A compelling read for anyone seeking to reshape the humanitarian agenda.
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This chapter challenges the assumption of disabled people’s inability and dependence by exploring their interdependent daily activities and practices of care. The dominant Western understanding of independence as the ultimate goal did not align with the desires of individuals in Kyangwali, who sought specific relationships with others rather than independence. The implementation of Aid Global’s individualistic model of disability through its project did not fit well within the social fabric of the settlement, where social ties were crucial for disabled people to access and utilize resources, as it undermined the importance of relations of dependence in shaping personhood. The chapter illustrates how the aid agencies’ focus on community support was intertwined with the aim of preventing aid dependency, which in turn required disabled people to heavily rely on their social networks. In the absence of extended family networks, access to aid and opportunities such as resettlement strengthened care relationships instead of weakening them. Contrary to the common narrative in humanitarian discourse, non-kin care relationships depicted in this chapter demonstrate that people with disabilities, particularly elderly ones, were not necessarily more vulnerable or isolated after displacement: The aid and recognition they received in the settlement repositioned them as promising connections.
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This chapter concludes with the ambivalent role of humanitarian aid for disabled people in a Ugandan refugee settlement. It highlights the shortcomings of aid provision in addressing people’s vulnerabilities, and reminds of how aid also repositioned disabled people in the social environment of the camp. The chapter discusses the need to shift from a dependence/independence dichotomy to a framework of interdependencies. Especially preventing aid dependency may inadvertently reinforce other forms of dependency, as the community-based approach, while well-intentioned, placed heavy reliance on the willingness and ability of others to provide support. The author suggests practical considerations for aid agencies for reconsidering the eligibility criteria for aid and providing more direct support to disabled people. Furthermore, the chapter acknowledges the concept of ‘disappointed recognition’ that grasped how disabled people’s expectations for aid were often unmet, leading to mistrust towards the aid agencies. The author recommends improved communication, timely feedback, and a deeper understanding of the aid agencies’ role as patrons fulfilling obligations. The chapter concludes by questioning the relevance of a rights discourse in this setting and by advocating for a post-rights approach to dependency that focuses on concrete aid provision and equitable resource distribution.
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This chapter delves into the intersection of medical and social models of disability in Kyangwali, exploring the implications for people with disabilities. Different organizations presented varying concepts of disability, influencing disabled people’s experiences in assessments, workshops, and celebratory events. The UNHCR’s definition of disability centered around bodily functioning that required disabled people to make their disabilities visible, often through medical proof. The chapter reveals that funding and programs of aid organizations also shaped the definition of disability, using it as a boundary-setting mechanism. By exploring the pursuit of personhood for disabled people in the refugee camp, the chapter highlights that personhood was defined less by bodily terms and more by social factors such as providing for one’s family and being a responsible adult. In this sense, the chapter shows that the shift towards a rights-based approach, advocated by aid agencies, bore the risk to reinforce unequal relations between disabled people and the service providers. While the rights-based approach appeared to align with social justice principles, the focus on rights discourses without tangible support undermined redistribution. The chapter calls for a critical examination of the rights-based approach in aid settings, emphasizing the need to ensure that aid organizations genuinely enable disabled people in their pursuit of personhood through building family and projects.
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This chapter examines the mismatch between Uganda’s self-reliance strategy and food aid as a means of survival. In Uganda, disabled refugees were eligible for special food aid when their inability to farm and lack of social support compromised their access to food. By looking closely at everyday food concerns and practices, the chapter shows that the World Food Programme ’s (WFP) provision of food assistance did not adequately make up for disabled people’s exclusion from the self-reliance strategy. They challenged the existing logic of food distribution, claiming that “food is not enough.” They felt unfairly treated because food aid only ensured their survival but did not enable them to support their families. The criteria for special food aid inadvertently reinforced dependence on family and community, rather than addressing vulnerabilities and treating disabled people as equals. Despite these limitations, food aid played a significant role in the lives of people with disabilities. They shared, exchanged, and contributed food aid within their social networks, fostering social connections that were particularly crucial in the refugee camp where ruptures in them were common. It facilitated help with cooking or fetching water, especially since it provided a level of reliability in an uncertain context.