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Konturierungen eines umstrittenen Themas
Volume Editor:
Ein aktueller Überblick zur Ideen- und Missbrauchsgeschichte eines schillernden Schlagworts, aber auch zu seinen Potenzialen als philosophisches Analysewerkzeug.
Die Wortgeschichte von „Weltanschauung“ ist kurz: Zwischen seinem ersten, eher beiläufigen Auftauchen bei Kant 1790, subjektivierenden Aufladungen in der Romantik und den inflationären Ideologisierungen und Politisierungen von „Weltanschauung“ im späten 19. und frühen 20. Jahrhundert liegen nur 150 Jahre. Besonders sein Missbrauch durch NS-Ideologen hat das Wort in Verruf gebracht, es lebt aber u.a. im juristischen Sprachgebrauch fort und erlebt in der gegenwärtigen Religionskritik wieder etwas Konjunktur: Dort wird z.T. wieder eine naturalistische „wissenschaftliche Weltanschauung“ in Aussicht gestellt. Als philosophisches Analysewerkzeug hat das Wort aber Potenzial: „Weltanschauung“ könnte nicht nur für religiös-politische Bewertungen stehen, sondern auch für jenes implizite theoretische Koordinatensystem, das jeden Menschen in seinem Verstehen, Denken und Handeln leitet.
The book situates itself in the fields of philosophy, political theory, aesthetics and theories of art, linking its discussions of fictional dystopias to debates on ongoing crises. It asks: Are dystopias a useful tool for imagining ways out of sombre situations or do they prevent us from engaging in transformative action? The book consists of a thorough introduction and three major sections: 1. Dystopias of Meaninglessness, 2. Techno-Euphoria vs. Terror of Technology, and 3. Dystopias Come True?
The individual chapters discuss, among other things, liberalism and conservatism, “luxury communism”, pandemics, technology-induced anxiety, empty speech, ethics, film, literature, architecture and music.
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This book develops critical feminist animal and multispecies studies across various societal and environmental contexts. The chapters discuss timely questions broadly related to food and eating, stemming from connections drawn between critical animal studies, feminist theory, and multispecies studies. The themes explored include trans-inclusive ecofeminism, decolonial perspectives to veganism, links between the critique of ableism and animal exploitation, alternatives to dominant Western masculinities invested in meat consumption, and the politics of sex and purity in factory farming. The book explores responses to interlinked forms of exploitation by focusing on sites such as sanctuaries, educational institutions, social media, and animal advocacy.
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Fictionalism confronts the dual epistemological nature of education. In this book, Johan Dahlbeck argues that all education, at bottom, concerns a striving for truth initiated through fictions. This foundational aporia is then interrogated and made sense of via Hans Vaihinger’s philosophy of ‘as if’ and Spinoza’s peculiar form of exemplarism. Using a variety of fictional examples, Dahlbeck investigates the different dimensions of educational fictionalism, from teacher exemplarism to the basic educational fictions necessary for getting started in education in the first place. Fictionalism will be a valuable resource for anyone interested in the philosophical foundations of education.
Restauration, Sacrifice, et Naissance prophétique dans la Sīra d’Ibn Isḥāq
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This book aims to demonstrate that the accounts that feature Muhammad's grandfather in Ibn Ishaq's Sīra are the product of narrative engineering. Through a narrative sequence, in which Abd al-Muttalib is the hero, several intriguing episodes follow one another in a causal manner and lead to the birth of a future prophet. Articulated with a historical anthropology, the narrative analysis reveals that the Sīra is the heir to the royal literature of the Ancient Near East. Using motifs and themes from the culture of the Fertile Crescent, the Sīra makes 'Abd al-Muttalib a royal figure in the service of legitimising the Abbasid dynasty, heir par excellence to Ishmael and restorer of the Abrahamic covenant.

Cet ouvrage entend démontrer que les récits qui mettent en scène le grand-père de Muhammad dans la Sīra d'Ibn Ishaq sont le produit d'une ingénierie narrative. À travers une séquence narrative, dont Abd al-Muttalib est le héros, plusieurs épisodes intriguant s'enchainent d'une manière causale et aboutissent à la naissance d'un futur prophète. Articulée à une anthropologie historique, l'analyse narrative révèle que la Sīra est l'héritière de la littérature royale du Proche Orient Ancien. À partir de motifs et de thématiques issues de la culture du croissant fertile, la Sīra fait de 'Abd al-Muttalib une figure royale au service de la légitimation de la dynastie abbasside, héritier par excellence d'Ismaël et restaurateur de l'alliance abrahamique.
Experiences and Approaches from a Pan-European Perspective
Placemaking has become a key concept in many disciplines. Due to an increase in digitization, mobilities, migration and rapid changes to the urban environments, it is important to learn how planning and social experts practice it in different contexts. Placemaking in Practice provides an inventory of practices, reflecting on different issues related to placemaking from a pan European perspective. It brings different cases, perspectives, and results analysed under the same purpose, to advance knowledge on placemaking, the actors engaged and results for people. It is backed by an intensive review of recent literature on placemaking, engagement, methods and activism results - towards developing a new placemaking agenda. Placemaking in Practice combines theory, methodology, methods (including digital ones) and their application in a pan-European context and imbedded into a relevant historical context.

Contributors are:Branislav Antonić, Tatisiana Astrouskaya,Lucija Ažman Momirski, Anna Louise Bradley, Lucia Brisudová, Monica Bocci, David Buil-Gil, Nevena Dakovic, Alexandra Delgado Jiménez, Despoina Dimelli, Aleksandra Djukic, Nika Đuho, Agisilaos Economou, Ayse Erek, Mastoureh Fathi, Juan A. García-Esparza, Gilles Gesquiere, Nina Goršič, Preben Hansen, Carola Hein, Conor Horan, Erna Husukić, Kinga Kimic, Roland Krebs, Jelena Maric, Edmond Manahasa, Laura Martinez-Izquierdo, Marluci Menezes, Tim Mavric, Bahanaur Nasya, Mircea Negru, Matej Nikšič, Jelena Maric, Paulina Polko, Clara Julia Reich, Francesco Rotondo, Ljiljana Rogac Mijatovi, Tatiana Ruchinskaya, Carlos Smaniotto Costa, Miloslav Šerý, Reka Solymosi, Dina Stober, Juli Székely, Nagayamma Tavares Aragão, Piero Tiano, Cor Wagenaar, and Emina Zejnilović
Neue Perspektiven auf Natur/Kultur
Gegenwärtig etabliert sich in den Geistes-, Kultur- und Sozialwissenschaften eine neue Denk- und Forschungsrichtung, die eine folgenreiche Blickverschiebung auf den Menschen, seine Stellung in der Welt, seine Selbstbeschreibung und seine Zentralstellung in den Wissenschaften propagiert. Bei aller Unterschiedlichkeit eint diese posthumanistischen Ansätze, dass sie eine humandezentrierende Perspektive einnehmen, etablierte dualistische Sichtweisen auf Natur und Kultur herausfordern und die Beziehungen zwischen Menschen und Nicht-Menschen neu denken. Der vorliegende Band mit theoretischen und empirischen Beiträgen u.a. aus den Themenbereichen Anthropozän, Ökologie, Robotik, Künstliche Intelligenz und Kunst sondiert das Feld posthumanistischen Denkens, erörtert den gegenwärtigen Stand der Debatte und fragt kritisch nach Voraussetzungen, Potenzialen und Grenzen.
Volume Editor:
Mahayana, Theravada, ancient, modern? Even at the most basic level, the diversity of Buddhism makes a comprehensive approach daunting. This book is a first step in solving the problem. In foregrounding the bodies of practitioners, a solid platform for analysing the philosophy of Buddhism begins to become apparent.
Building upon somaesthetics Buddhism is seen for its ameliorative effect, which spans the range of how the mind integrates with the body. This exploration of positive effect spans from dreams to medicine. Beyond the historical side of these questions, a contemporary analysis includes its intersection with art, philosophy, and ethnography.

This essay will be an introduction to the 12th century Japanese monk Myōan Eisai 明菴栄西 and his application of the esoteric term kaji 加持 (empowerment), utilized in the unique practice of visceral visualization contained within the Body Mandala outlined in his text, the Kissa Yōjōki 喫茶養生記. The attempt of this essay is to convey an appreciation of the uniqueness of this type of visceral visualization and to initiate a dialogue as to why Eisai chose to preface his Kissa Yōjōki with this unusual excerpt taken from the no-longer surviving text of the Rituals of the Mandala of the Five Viscera 五藏曼荼羅儀軌. Through a brief discussion of the history of kaji and its function within visceral visualization, an understanding will emerge of how crucial this term is in uniting both esoteric Buddhism and Chinese medicine within the thought of Eisai. An analysis of this term and its usage within the Kissa Yōjōki will reveal a more refined application of kaji an exhibit an evolution of technique, thus distinguishing Eisai’s text from previous uses and associations.

Open Access
In: Buddhism and the Body

Recent scholarship has demonstrated that dream experiences - and, in particular, the experience of intentionally sought dreams - were an important source of religious revelation and verification for Chinese Buddhists in the Sui and early Tang dynasties. But how were such dreams understood? Considering this question in light of Richard Schusterman’s somaesthetics, and, in particular his multivalent notion of the body (soma) as a material object in the world, a locus of subjective knowing, and a palimpsest upon which cultural values and social power relations can be inscribed, inspired this chapter to reframe the contours of this inquiry, focusing in on dreamt bodies as depicted in medieval Chinese Buddhist sources. The present chapter explores the implicit and explicit perspectives on dreams propounded by two influential Buddhist intellectuals of the early Tang: the renowned Vinaya master and monastic biographer Daoxuan 道宣 (596–667 CE), and the polymathic editor Daoshi 道世 (d. 683 CE). It will explore the dream discourses included in Daoxuan’s hagiographical collection Continued Biographies of Eminent Monks (Xu gaoseng zhuan 續高僧傳 [T. 2060]) and in the “Dream” chapter of Daoshi’s Forest of Pearls from the Garden of Dharma (Fayuan zhulin 法苑珠林 [T. 2122]).

Open Access
In: Buddhism and the Body