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Traditional China had at least two different strands of fear, directed at women and sometimes also men. The fear of witches harming people through figurines remained limited to individual social and personal conflicts, for instance between women competing for the attention of their partner or a carpenter and his customers. There was usually a clear winning party. The fear of witches using animal or demon familiars to harm members of their own community indiscriminately led to social exclusion or worse.
Traditional China had at least two different strands of fear, directed at women and sometimes also men. The fear of witches harming people through figurines remained limited to individual social and personal conflicts, for instance between women competing for the attention of their partner or a carpenter and his customers. There was usually a clear winning party. The fear of witches using animal or demon familiars to harm members of their own community indiscriminately led to social exclusion or worse.
This volume contains the new, annotated translations of two of such polemical treatises (dating from 1686 and 1687): two Buddhist monks attacking the "arch-Confucian" Hayashi Razan (1583-1657) in the name of Buddhism and Shinto.
This volume contains the new, annotated translations of two of such polemical treatises (dating from 1686 and 1687): two Buddhist monks attacking the "arch-Confucian" Hayashi Razan (1583-1657) in the name of Buddhism and Shinto.
This new translation will rectify numerous current incorrect interpretations and misunderstandings of the text.
This new translation will rectify numerous current incorrect interpretations and misunderstandings of the text.
This book examines the origins of this prophecy and the famie 法灭 (‘end of Buddhism’) belief in Indian and Central Asian Buddhism, and the centuries-long struggle of Chinese Buddhists to interpret and adapt this prophecy. This resulted in the unique East Asian Buddhist belief of mofa 末法 (‘the final age of Buddhism’), which profoundly influenced medieval China and Japan.
This book examines the origins of this prophecy and the famie 法灭 (‘end of Buddhism’) belief in Indian and Central Asian Buddhism, and the centuries-long struggle of Chinese Buddhists to interpret and adapt this prophecy. This resulted in the unique East Asian Buddhist belief of mofa 末法 (‘the final age of Buddhism’), which profoundly influenced medieval China and Japan.
In the Age of European Expansion, Dutch Reformed and Spanish Catholic missionaries attempted to win the souls of Indigenous Austronesian people in Taiwan. Christopher Joby answers the question of how the missionaries tried to overcome the gap between their own cultures and languages and those of the Indigenous Austronesians or Formosans to communicate their versions of the Christian Gospel in the contact zone of seventeenth-century Taiwan, and he analyses the consequences of these encounters. As such, this book is a reception history of the texts, beliefs, and practices that Reformed Protestant and Catholic missionaries introduced to convert the Formosans to their mode of Christianity. Using many linguistic and non-linguistic examples, this approach allows for a ‘complementary colour perspective’ by comparing the epistemic outcomes of the Dutch Reformed and Catholic missions.