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This volume examines the ‘phenomenon’ of translation from Greek into Latin from the eleventh century to the thirteenth. These translated texts prompted Western scholars to rediscover the works of classical Greek and Byzantine authors and reshape the medieval intellectual landscape. Though our agenda focuses on translations of scientific texts, the collection of essays here also offers the reader insights into the broader cultural, social, and political functions and implications of individual translations and translation more broadly as a practice.
Contributors are Dimiter Angelov, Péter Bara, Pieter Beullens, Alessandra Bucossi, Luigi d’Amelia, Paola Degni, Michael Dunne, Elisabeth Fisher, Brad Hostetler, Estelle Ingrand-Varenne, Marc Lauxtermann, Tamás Mészáros, James Morton, Theresa Shawcross, and Anna Maria Urso.
This book, published with two online only appendices, is designed to show and discuss another facet of Stosch that would argue with the dense mythology of a spy, hoarder and libertine clouding the true nature of his accomplishments as an antiquarian, collector, patron and scholar. This is possible due to discovery and study of a substantial part of Stosch’s, previously considered lost, enormous Paper Museum of Gems. The artists, including Pier Leone Ghezzi, Girolamo Odam, Bernard Picart, Antonio Maria Zanetti, Markus Tuscher, Theodorus Netscher, Georg Martin Preißler, Johann Justin Preißler and Johann Adam Schweickart, tirelessly worked in a studio organised by Stosch on the faithful documentation of vast numbers of engraved gems. Made for a variety of purposes, they expose Stosch’s crucial role in the creation and transfer of knowledge that contributed immensely to the transformation of eighteenth-century antiquarianism towards a more scholarly archaeological science.
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Martin Lister (1639–1712), who served as physician to Queen Anne, was a prominent Fellow of the Royal Society (F.R.S.), and he was made an honorary M.D. by Oxford in 1684.The first scientific arachnologist and conchologist, and a major benefactor of the Ashmolean Museum, he corresponded regularly on natural history and medicine with its first and second keepers, Robert Plot (1640–1696) and Edward Lhwyd (1660–1709). Lister’s unpublished papers were among the largest of his donations to Oxford’s fledgling museum of science. In the mid–nineteenth century, these collections passed from the Ashmolean to the Bodleian Library. They contain the bulk of his correspondence, though sizeable quantities of his outgoing letters are held elsewhere, chiefly in the Royal Society, the Natural History Museum and the British Library’s collection of Sloane Manuscripts. This volume is a critical edition of this correspondence from 1678 to 1694, encompassing the years he established a medical practice in London and completed his major works on conchology.
This collection of essays explores processes of innovation in Greco-Roman technology and science. It uses the concept of ‘anchoring’ to investigate the microhistories of technological and scientific practices and ideas. The volume combines broad, theoretical essays with more targeted case studies of individual inventions and innovations. In doing so, it moves beyond the emphasis on achievement that has traditionally characterized modern scholarship on ancient technology and science. Instead, the chapters of this volume analyse the manifold ways in which new technologies and ideas were anchored in what was already known and familiar, and highlight how, once familiar, technologies and ideas could themselves become anchoring points for inventions and innovations.