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Baron d'Holbach and His Time
Editor:
Laura Nicolì
Gathering together generations of scholars, The Great Protector of Wits provides a new assessment of baron d’Holbach (1723-1789) and his circle. A challenging figure of the European Enlightenment, Paul-Henri Thiry d’Holbach not only was a radically materialistic philosopher, a champion of anticlericalism, the author of the Système de la nature known as “the Bible of atheists”, an idéologue, a popularizer of the natural sciences and a prolific contributor to the Encyclopédie, but also played a crucial role as an organizer of intellectual networks, a master of disseminating clandestine literature and a consummate strategist in authorial fictions. In this collective volume, for the first time, all these different threads of d’Holbach’s “philosophy in action” are considered and analyzed in their interconnection.
Contributors include: Jacopo Agnesina, Nicholas Cronk, Mélanie Éphrème, Enrico Galvagni, Jonathan Israel, Alan Charles Kors, Mladen Kozul, Brunello Lotti, Emilio Mazza, Gianluca Mori, Iryna Mykhailova, Gianni Paganini, Paolo Quintili, Alain Sandrier, Ruggero Sciuto, Maria Susana Seguin, and Gerhardt Stenger
Contributors include: Jacopo Agnesina, Nicholas Cronk, Mélanie Éphrème, Enrico Galvagni, Jonathan Israel, Alan Charles Kors, Mladen Kozul, Brunello Lotti, Emilio Mazza, Gianluca Mori, Iryna Mykhailova, Gianni Paganini, Paolo Quintili, Alain Sandrier, Ruggero Sciuto, Maria Susana Seguin, and Gerhardt Stenger
Baron d'Holbach and His Time
Editor:
Laura Nicolì
Gathering together generations of scholars, The Great Protector of Wits provides a new assessment of baron d’Holbach (1723-1789) and his circle. A challenging figure of the European Enlightenment, Paul-Henri Thiry d’Holbach not only was a radically materialistic philosopher, a champion of anticlericalism, the author of the Système de la nature known as “the Bible of atheists”, an idéologue, a popularizer of the natural sciences and a prolific contributor to the Encyclopédie, but also played a crucial role as an organizer of intellectual networks, a master of disseminating clandestine literature and a consummate strategist in authorial fictions. In this collective volume, for the first time, all these different threads of d’Holbach’s “philosophy in action” are considered and analyzed in their interconnection.
Contributors include: Jacopo Agnesina, Nicholas Cronk, Mélanie Éphrème, Enrico Galvagni, Jonathan Israel, Alan Charles Kors, Mladen Kozul, Brunello Lotti, Emilio Mazza, Gianluca Mori, Iryna Mykhailova, Gianni Paganini, Paolo Quintili, Alain Sandrier, Ruggero Sciuto, Maria Susana Seguin, and Gerhardt Stenger
Contributors include: Jacopo Agnesina, Nicholas Cronk, Mélanie Éphrème, Enrico Galvagni, Jonathan Israel, Alan Charles Kors, Mladen Kozul, Brunello Lotti, Emilio Mazza, Gianluca Mori, Iryna Mykhailova, Gianni Paganini, Paolo Quintili, Alain Sandrier, Ruggero Sciuto, Maria Susana Seguin, and Gerhardt Stenger
Sehen und Wahrnehmen in Optik, Naturforschung und Ästhetik des 17. und 18. Jahrhunderts
Der Epoche der Aufklärung wird nicht nur eine besondere Vorliebe für den Sehsinn und das Licht nachgesagt, sondern auch ein bestimmtes ‚Wahrnehmungsmodell‘, das von dem Topos des kalten, distanzierten und klassifizierenden Blicks geprägt sei. Ausgehend von einem vereinzelt formulierten Zweifel an dieser Zuordnung sowie neueren Tendenzen in der Aufklärungsforschung geht die vorliegende Arbeit der Frage nach, ob sich ein solches Wahrnehmungsmodell im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert tatsächlich nachweisen lässt. Was wussten und wie dachten Naturforscher, Philosophen oder Optiker über das Auge und die Funktionsweise des menschlichen (und tierischen) Sehens? Es kann gezeigt werden, dass sich im Zeitraum von 1604 bis 1778 ein vielschichtiger Diskurs über Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der sinnlichen Empfindung entwickelt, der lange vor 1750 die physisch-psychische und kulturelle Bedingtheit des Sehens ins Zentrum rückt.
Sehen und Wahrnehmen in Optik, Naturforschung und Ästhetik des 17. und 18. Jahrhunderts
Der Epoche der Aufklärung wird nicht nur eine besondere Vorliebe für den Sehsinn und das Licht nachgesagt, sondern auch ein bestimmtes ‚Wahrnehmungsmodell‘, das von dem Topos des kalten, distanzierten und klassifizierenden Blicks geprägt sei. Ausgehend von einem vereinzelt formulierten Zweifel an dieser Zuordnung sowie neueren Tendenzen in der Aufklärungsforschung geht die vorliegende Arbeit der Frage nach, ob sich ein solches Wahrnehmungsmodell im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert tatsächlich nachweisen lässt. Was wussten und wie dachten Naturforscher, Philosophen oder Optiker über das Auge und die Funktionsweise des menschlichen (und tierischen) Sehens? Es kann gezeigt werden, dass sich im Zeitraum von 1604 bis 1778 ein vielschichtiger Diskurs über Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der sinnlichen Empfindung entwickelt, der lange vor 1750 die physisch-psychische und kulturelle Bedingtheit des Sehens ins Zentrum rückt.
A classicist, philosopher, and poet, Poul Martin Møller was an important figure in the Danish Golden Age. The traumatic event of the death of his wife led him to think more profoundly about the question of the immortality of the soul. In 1837 he published his most important philosophical treatise, “Thoughts on the Possibility of Proofs of Human Immortality,” presented here in English for the first time. It was read and commented upon by the leading figures of the Golden Age, such as Søren Kierkegaard. It proved to be the last important work that Møller wrote before his death in March of 1838 at the age of 43.
A classicist, philosopher, and poet, Poul Martin Møller was an important figure in the Danish Golden Age. The traumatic event of the death of his wife led him to think more profoundly about the question of the immortality of the soul. In 1837 he published his most important philosophical treatise, “Thoughts on the Possibility of Proofs of Human Immortality,” presented here in English for the first time. It was read and commented upon by the leading figures of the Golden Age, such as Søren Kierkegaard. It proved to be the last important work that Møller wrote before his death in March of 1838 at the age of 43.
Louis Althusser argued that Marx initiated a transformation of philosophy, a new way of doing philosophy. This book follows that provocation to examine the way in which central Marxist concepts and problems from primitive accumulation to real abstraction animate and inform philosophers from Theodor Adorno to Paolo Virno. While also examining the way in which reading Marx casts new light on such philosophers as Spinoza. At the centre of this transformation is the production of subjectivity, the manner in which relations of production produces ways of thinking and living.
Louis Althusser argued that Marx initiated a transformation of philosophy, a new way of doing philosophy. This book follows that provocation to examine the way in which central Marxist concepts and problems from primitive accumulation to real abstraction animate and inform philosophers from Theodor Adorno to Paolo Virno. While also examining the way in which reading Marx casts new light on such philosophers as Spinoza. At the centre of this transformation is the production of subjectivity, the manner in which relations of production produces ways of thinking and living.
Au cours du XIXe siècle, l’histoire de la philosophie s’est imposée comme une discipline centrale dans l’institution philosophique française. Ce processus reposait sur l’influence intellectuelle et politique exercée par Victor Cousin (1792-1867); il a coïncidé avec l’élaboration d’un schéma interprétatif conférant à la Renaissance, en tant qu’époque philosophique, un statut controversé, caractérisé par l'infériorité conceptuelle. L'ouvrage éclaire les enjeux idéologiques des débats sur la Renaissance dans la France du XIXe siècle. Il propose une approche globale des reconstructions érudites et des utilisations polémiques de la Renaissance centrée sur une relecture politique de la pratique historiographique, ainsi que sur ses réseaux personnels, académiques et transnationaux.
During the nineteenth century, the history of philosophy established itself in France as a central discipline within the academic institutions. This process, which rested on the intellectual and political influence of Victor Cousin (1792-1867), coincided with the development of an interpretative scheme that gave the Renaissance as philosophical epoch a controversial status characterized by conceptual inferiority. This volume sheds light on the ideological implications of the debates on the Renaissance in nineteenth-century France. It offers a comprehensive approach to the scholarly reconstructions and polemical uses of the Renaissance by developing a political and transnational rereading of the nineteenth-century French practices of the history of philosophy.
During the nineteenth century, the history of philosophy established itself in France as a central discipline within the academic institutions. This process, which rested on the intellectual and political influence of Victor Cousin (1792-1867), coincided with the development of an interpretative scheme that gave the Renaissance as philosophical epoch a controversial status characterized by conceptual inferiority. This volume sheds light on the ideological implications of the debates on the Renaissance in nineteenth-century France. It offers a comprehensive approach to the scholarly reconstructions and polemical uses of the Renaissance by developing a political and transnational rereading of the nineteenth-century French practices of the history of philosophy.
Au cours du XIXe siècle, l’histoire de la philosophie s’est imposée comme une discipline centrale dans l’institution philosophique française. Ce processus reposait sur l’influence intellectuelle et politique exercée par Victor Cousin (1792-1867); il a coïncidé avec l’élaboration d’un schéma interprétatif conférant à la Renaissance, en tant qu’époque philosophique, un statut controversé, caractérisé par l'infériorité conceptuelle. L'ouvrage éclaire les enjeux idéologiques des débats sur la Renaissance dans la France du XIXe siècle. Il propose une approche globale des reconstructions érudites et des utilisations polémiques de la Renaissance centrée sur une relecture politique de la pratique historiographique, ainsi que sur ses réseaux personnels, académiques et transnationaux.
During the nineteenth century, the history of philosophy established itself in France as a central discipline within the academic institutions. This process, which rested on the intellectual and political influence of Victor Cousin (1792-1867), coincided with the development of an interpretative scheme that gave the Renaissance as philosophical epoch a controversial status characterized by conceptual inferiority. This volume sheds light on the ideological implications of the debates on the Renaissance in nineteenth-century France. It offers a comprehensive approach to the scholarly reconstructions and polemical uses of the Renaissance by developing a political and transnational rereading of the nineteenth-century French practices of the history of philosophy.
During the nineteenth century, the history of philosophy established itself in France as a central discipline within the academic institutions. This process, which rested on the intellectual and political influence of Victor Cousin (1792-1867), coincided with the development of an interpretative scheme that gave the Renaissance as philosophical epoch a controversial status characterized by conceptual inferiority. This volume sheds light on the ideological implications of the debates on the Renaissance in nineteenth-century France. It offers a comprehensive approach to the scholarly reconstructions and polemical uses of the Renaissance by developing a political and transnational rereading of the nineteenth-century French practices of the history of philosophy.
A Descriptive Bibliography of the Works Published in the Seventeenth Century
In Printing Spinoza Jeroen van de Ven systematically examines all seventeenth-century printed editions of Spinoza’s writings, published between 1663 and 1694, as well as their variant ‘issues’. In focus are Spinoza’s 1663 adumbration of René Descartes’s ‘Principles of Philosophy’ with his own ‘Metaphysical Thoughts’, the ‘Theological-Political Treatise’ (1670), and the posthumous writings (1677), including the famously-known ‘Ethics’.
Van de Ven’s descriptive bibliography studies, contextualizes, and records all aspects of the publication history of Spinoza’s writings from manuscript to print and assesses their immediate reception. It discusses the printed books’ codicology, philology, typographical and textual relationships, illustration programmes, as well as their dissemination in early Enlightenment Europe, in view of the physical aspects of 1,246 extant copies and their provenance.
Van de Ven’s descriptive bibliography studies, contextualizes, and records all aspects of the publication history of Spinoza’s writings from manuscript to print and assesses their immediate reception. It discusses the printed books’ codicology, philology, typographical and textual relationships, illustration programmes, as well as their dissemination in early Enlightenment Europe, in view of the physical aspects of 1,246 extant copies and their provenance.
A Descriptive Bibliography of the Works Published in the Seventeenth Century
In Printing Spinoza Jeroen van de Ven systematically examines all seventeenth-century printed editions of Spinoza’s writings, published between 1663 and 1694, as well as their variant ‘issues’. In focus are Spinoza’s 1663 adumbration of René Descartes’s ‘Principles of Philosophy’ with his own ‘Metaphysical Thoughts’, the ‘Theological-Political Treatise’ (1670), and the posthumous writings (1677), including the famously-known ‘Ethics’.
Van de Ven’s descriptive bibliography studies, contextualizes, and records all aspects of the publication history of Spinoza’s writings from manuscript to print and assesses their immediate reception. It discusses the printed books’ codicology, philology, typographical and textual relationships, illustration programmes, as well as their dissemination in early Enlightenment Europe, in view of the physical aspects of 1,246 extant copies and their provenance.
Van de Ven’s descriptive bibliography studies, contextualizes, and records all aspects of the publication history of Spinoza’s writings from manuscript to print and assesses their immediate reception. It discusses the printed books’ codicology, philology, typographical and textual relationships, illustration programmes, as well as their dissemination in early Enlightenment Europe, in view of the physical aspects of 1,246 extant copies and their provenance.
Giovanni Pico Della Mirandola’s Encounter with Scholastic Philosophy
This study explains how one of the most remarkable thinkers of the Italian Renaissance, Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (1463–1494), broke new ground by engaging with the scholastic tradition while maintaining his ‘humanist’ sensibilities. A central claim of the monograph is that Pico was a 'philosopher at the crossroads,' whose sophisticated reading of numerous scholastic thinkers enabled him to advance a different conception of philosophy. The scholastic background to Pico’s work has been neglected by historians of the period. This omission has served to create not only an unreliable picture of Pico’s thought, but also a more general ignorance of the dynamism of scholastic thought in late fifteenth-century Italy. The author argues that these deficiencies of modern scholarship stand in need of correction.
Giovanni Pico Della Mirandola’s Encounter with Scholastic Philosophy
This study explains how one of the most remarkable thinkers of the Italian Renaissance, Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (1463–1494), broke new ground by engaging with the scholastic tradition while maintaining his ‘humanist’ sensibilities. A central claim of the monograph is that Pico was a 'philosopher at the crossroads,' whose sophisticated reading of numerous scholastic thinkers enabled him to advance a different conception of philosophy. The scholastic background to Pico’s work has been neglected by historians of the period. This omission has served to create not only an unreliable picture of Pico’s thought, but also a more general ignorance of the dynamism of scholastic thought in late fifteenth-century Italy. The author argues that these deficiencies of modern scholarship stand in need of correction.
Erfahrungen von Identität und Alterität im 18. Jahrhundert
Der vorliegende Band geht auf ein interdisziplinäres Forschungskolloquium an der Universität Paderborn zurück. Fachvertreter:innen der Komparatistik, Romanistik, Germanistik, Geschichtswissenschaft und Philosophie richten den Blick auf den Atlantik als Transfer- und Verkehrsraum des 18. Jahrhunderts. Im atlantischen Raum, so der Tenor der hier versammelten Beiträge, werden die inneren Widersprüche dieses Jahrhunderts mit besonderer Anschaulichkeit sichtbar, insofern sich hier Freiheit und Sklaverei, Gleichheit und Kolonialismus, Autonomie und Heteronomie kreuzen. Systematisch lesbar wird damit eine transatlantische Aufklärung, die durch die Zirkulation von Menschen, Waren, Texten und Ideen begründet wird. Die hier vorgeschlagene Perspektive stellt die Vorstellung einer monolithischen ›europäischen Aufklärung‹ infrage und weist auf, wie sehr aufklärerische Selbstbehauptung und -reflexion auf eine stete Auseinandersetzung mit dem transatlantischen ›Anderen‹ angewiesen ist, um auf diese Weise den Raum zu entfalten und den Blick auf unterschiedliche Zentren und Knotenpunkte der Aufklärung zu richten.
Erfahrungen von Identität und Alterität im 18. Jahrhundert
Der vorliegende Band geht auf ein interdisziplinäres Forschungskolloquium an der Universität Paderborn zurück. Fachvertreter:innen der Komparatistik, Romanistik, Germanistik, Geschichtswissenschaft und Philosophie richten den Blick auf den Atlantik als Transfer- und Verkehrsraum des 18. Jahrhunderts. Im atlantischen Raum, so der Tenor der hier versammelten Beiträge, werden die inneren Widersprüche dieses Jahrhunderts mit besonderer Anschaulichkeit sichtbar, insofern sich hier Freiheit und Sklaverei, Gleichheit und Kolonialismus, Autonomie und Heteronomie kreuzen. Systematisch lesbar wird damit eine transatlantische Aufklärung, die durch die Zirkulation von Menschen, Waren, Texten und Ideen begründet wird. Die hier vorgeschlagene Perspektive stellt die Vorstellung einer monolithischen ›europäischen Aufklärung‹ infrage und weist auf, wie sehr aufklärerische Selbstbehauptung und -reflexion auf eine stete Auseinandersetzung mit dem transatlantischen ›Anderen‹ angewiesen ist, um auf diese Weise den Raum zu entfalten und den Blick auf unterschiedliche Zentren und Knotenpunkte der Aufklärung zu richten.