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This book deals with the various aspects of the settlement of disputes involving international organizations. It provides a comprehensive overview of the different forms of disputes on the international level, mostly arising from headquarters issues between states and international organizations, but it also sheds light on less well-known forms of disputes between members and non-members with international organizations which are settled before such diverse mechanisms like the WTO, ITLOS or regional international economic organization adjudication or arbitration. It addresses negotiation, mediation and fact-finding as well as adjudicatory means of dispute settlement. The book then analyses the most important forms of the settlement of disputes with private parties, ranging from international courts, administrative tribunals, and arbitral tribunals to national courts and their limited role because of the jurisdictional immunity regularly enjoyed by international organizations. Based on this overview, issues like access to justice, the limited jurisdiction of courts and tribunals, due process and adequate forms of dispute settlement are discussed, and some policy recommendations are made.
This book deals with the various aspects of the settlement of disputes involving international organizations. It provides a comprehensive overview of the different forms of disputes on the international level, mostly arising from headquarters issues between states and international organizations, but it also sheds light on less well-known forms of disputes between members and non-members with international organizations which are settled before such diverse mechanisms like the WTO, ITLOS or regional international economic organization adjudication or arbitration. It addresses negotiation, mediation and fact-finding as well as adjudicatory means of dispute settlement. The book then analyses the most important forms of the settlement of disputes with private parties, ranging from international courts, administrative tribunals, and arbitral tribunals to national courts and their limited role because of the jurisdictional immunity regularly enjoyed by international organizations. Based on this overview, issues like access to justice, the limited jurisdiction of courts and tribunals, due process and adequate forms of dispute settlement are discussed, and some policy recommendations are made.
Property Rights of Individuals after Changes of Territorial Sovereignty
Anselmo Reyes
the Use of Domestic Law to regulate the conduct of individuals, corporations and Governments Extraterritorially
Property Rights of Individuals after Changes of Territorial Sovereignty
Anselmo Reyes
the Use of Domestic Law to regulate the conduct of individuals, corporations and Governments Extraterritorially
The Principle Jura Novit Curia in International Judicial and Arbitral Proceedings, A Window on International Adjudication, by Attila M. TANZI, Professor at the University of Bologna
These lectures focus on one of the aspects of adjudicative discretion in international litigation and on the rules and principles that constraint it. Namely, on the boundaries of the freedom of international courts and tribunals within which they may apply the applicable law to the dispute by distancing themselves from the legal arguments advanced by the parties. Jura novit curia is researched in combination with the cognate principles ne ultra petita, ne infra petita and non liquet. The analysis goes to the core of the adjudicative function, whose rationale emerges as threefold, thus, entailing a threefold application of jura novit curia: i.e., within the inter-state, human rights, and criminal law adjudicative contexts. The overarching procedural principle of the right of the parties to be heard appears to legitimise maximum utilization of jura novit curia in all three contexts, thus, suggesting enhancing interactive proactivity from the bench.
The Principle Jura Novit Curia in International Judicial and Arbitral Proceedings, A Window on International Adjudication, by Attila M. TANZI, Professor at the University of Bologna
These lectures focus on one of the aspects of adjudicative discretion in international litigation and on the rules and principles that constraint it. Namely, on the boundaries of the freedom of international courts and tribunals within which they may apply the applicable law to the dispute by distancing themselves from the legal arguments advanced by the parties. Jura novit curia is researched in combination with the cognate principles ne ultra petita, ne infra petita and non liquet. The analysis goes to the core of the adjudicative function, whose rationale emerges as threefold, thus, entailing a threefold application of jura novit curia: i.e., within the inter-state, human rights, and criminal law adjudicative contexts. The overarching procedural principle of the right of the parties to be heard appears to legitimise maximum utilization of jura novit curia in all three contexts, thus, suggesting enhancing interactive proactivity from the bench.
These lectures explore how soft law instruments contribute to the development of normativity. They illustrate that the (re)construction of normativity is the outcome of the interaction between soft law instruments and between soft law instruments and hard law. These interactions take place in institutional settings, established by both soft and hard law instruments. These institutional settings, in turn, provide the decision-making process by way of which substantive normativity is (re)constructed at various points in time and in a variety of institutional settings. Three categories of soft law instruments are identified: soft law instruments that provide input for developing legally relevant infrastructure, soft law instruments that are part of legally relevant infrastructure, and soft law instruments that are part of regulation. In legally relevant infrastructure, the aim is to regulate the activities of States. In regulation, the aim is to regulate human activity, even if the addressees of the regulations are States.
The Inviolabilities of the Diplomatic Mission, by G. R. B. GALINDO, Associate Professor at the University of Brasilia
Not only persons, but also the diplomatic mission enjoys inviolabilities that require from the receiving state a duty of abstention and a duty of protection.
This course aims to depict different inviolabilities of the diplomatic mission (the premises, the archives and documents, and the official correspondence) and similar regimes of protection (communication and the diplomatic bag). Moreover, the application of circumstances precluding wrongfulness on what regards the inviolabilities of the diplomatic mission and similar regimes of protection as well as the relationship between the inviolability of the diplomatic premises and diplomatic asylum are scrutinized.
It is contended that the inviolabilities of the diplomatic mission are a fundamental and essential piece of past and present diplomatic law and international law in general.
Le droit international du désarmement : entre idéalisme et réalisme, par J. M. GOMEZ-ROBLEDO, juge à la Cour internationale de Justice
Ce cours retrace l´histoire du droit international du désarmement nucléaire, tant dans la perspective des accords bilatéraux entre les deux grandes puissances dotées de l´arme atomique (les États-Unis et l´Union Soviétique suivie de la Fédération de Russie), que dans celle des traités multilatéraux, à vocation universelle et régionale, qui ont pour but la non-prolifération et la cessation de la course aux armements nucléaires en partant d´approches différentes mais complémentaires. Il en ressort la conviction de la communauté internationale d´œuvrer en vue de l´interdiction de l´arme nucléaire, afin de parvenir à un monde libre de l´arme qui a la capacité, comme nulle autre, d´éliminer toute forme de vie sur la planète. Dans cette quête, la nature unique de cette arme et ses conséquences humanitaires catastrophiques conduisirent à l´émergence d´une opinio juris communis qui précéda l´établissement de la règle de droit conventionnel au bout de laquelle son interdiction est finalement réalisée.
These lectures explore how soft law instruments contribute to the development of normativity. They illustrate that the (re)construction of normativity is the outcome of the interaction between soft law instruments and between soft law instruments and hard law. These interactions take place in institutional settings, established by both soft and hard law instruments. These institutional settings, in turn, provide the decision-making process by way of which substantive normativity is (re)constructed at various points in time and in a variety of institutional settings. Three categories of soft law instruments are identified: soft law instruments that provide input for developing legally relevant infrastructure, soft law instruments that are part of legally relevant infrastructure, and soft law instruments that are part of regulation. In legally relevant infrastructure, the aim is to regulate the activities of States. In regulation, the aim is to regulate human activity, even if the addressees of the regulations are States.
The Inviolabilities of the Diplomatic Mission, by G. R. B. GALINDO, Associate Professor at the University of Brasilia
Not only persons, but also the diplomatic mission enjoys inviolabilities that require from the receiving state a duty of abstention and a duty of protection.
This course aims to depict different inviolabilities of the diplomatic mission (the premises, the archives and documents, and the official correspondence) and similar regimes of protection (communication and the diplomatic bag). Moreover, the application of circumstances precluding wrongfulness on what regards the inviolabilities of the diplomatic mission and similar regimes of protection as well as the relationship between the inviolability of the diplomatic premises and diplomatic asylum are scrutinized.
It is contended that the inviolabilities of the diplomatic mission are a fundamental and essential piece of past and present diplomatic law and international law in general.
Le droit international du désarmement : entre idéalisme et réalisme, par J. M. GOMEZ-ROBLEDO, juge à la Cour internationale de Justice
Ce cours retrace l´histoire du droit international du désarmement nucléaire, tant dans la perspective des accords bilatéraux entre les deux grandes puissances dotées de l´arme atomique (les États-Unis et l´Union Soviétique suivie de la Fédération de Russie), que dans celle des traités multilatéraux, à vocation universelle et régionale, qui ont pour but la non-prolifération et la cessation de la course aux armements nucléaires en partant d´approches différentes mais complémentaires. Il en ressort la conviction de la communauté internationale d´œuvrer en vue de l´interdiction de l´arme nucléaire, afin de parvenir à un monde libre de l´arme qui a la capacité, comme nulle autre, d´éliminer toute forme de vie sur la planète. Dans cette quête, la nature unique de cette arme et ses conséquences humanitaires catastrophiques conduisirent à l´émergence d´une opinio juris communis qui précéda l´établissement de la règle de droit conventionnel au bout de laquelle son interdiction est finalement réalisée.
Plutôt que de le concevoir comme un système ordonné de règles ou comme le produit des besoins ou des aspirations de la communauté internationale, ce cours appréhende le droit international par référence à la notion de « champ juridique », inspirée de la pensée de Pierre Bourdieu. Un champ de tensions entre concepts par définition inconciliables : reconnaissance déclarative ou constitutive, droit dur ou droit mou, légalité ou effectivité, … Un champ de luttes entre acteurs (États, peuples, entreprises, individus, …) qui tendent à imposer leurs conceptions du juste ou à faire prévaloir leurs intérêts. Sont dans cette perspective envisagées diverses problématiques contemporaines : droits des femmes, des migrations ou du dérèglement climatique, crimes internationaux (génocide, terrorisme, écocide, … ), justifications des guerres, des exécutions judiciaires ou de la torture. Le droit international est ainsi étudié à la fois dans sa dimension technique, faites de débats juridiques pointus portant sur son interprétation, et dans sa dimension plus sociologique visant à le replacer dans son contexte politique.
Plutôt que de le concevoir comme un système ordonné de règles ou comme le produit des besoins ou des aspirations de la communauté internationale, ce cours appréhende le droit international par référence à la notion de « champ juridique », inspirée de la pensée de Pierre Bourdieu. Un champ de tensions entre concepts par définition inconciliables : reconnaissance déclarative ou constitutive, droit dur ou droit mou, légalité ou effectivité, … Un champ de luttes entre acteurs (États, peuples, entreprises, individus, …) qui tendent à imposer leurs conceptions du juste ou à faire prévaloir leurs intérêts. Sont dans cette perspective envisagées diverses problématiques contemporaines : droits des femmes, des migrations ou du dérèglement climatique, crimes internationaux (génocide, terrorisme, écocide, … ), justifications des guerres, des exécutions judiciaires ou de la torture. Le droit international est ainsi étudié à la fois dans sa dimension technique, faites de débats juridiques pointus portant sur son interprétation, et dans sa dimension plus sociologique visant à le replacer dans son contexte politique.