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Orthodox churches in Ukraine and Russia share a common ecclesiastical tradition but differ in their views on practicing and interpreting it. To bolster their own views, different Orthodox churches emphasize different aspects of history, and ›forget‹ others, not favorable for their interpretations. These intentional memorizing also influence on the churches’ reflection of their position and role in society at large. Interpretations of ecclesiastical tradition also influence the Orthodox churches’ reactions to the other churches in Ukraine. Abroad, ecclesiastical organizations, especially ecumenical bodies are also influenced by the Ukrainian Orthodoxy, and have influence on the Ukrainian and Russian Orthodoxy, when recognizing or leaving without recognition the multiplicity of the Orthodox faith in Ukraine and Russia.
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Ever since antiquity, the presence of evil has been considered incompatible with the existence of God. This apparent contradiction gave rise to the argument from evil, which turned into a formidable weapon against theism. Faced with this challenge, theists of all creeds have been proposing theodicies, or justifications of God’s ways.
This monograph is the first book-length treatment of the subject from a Platonic perspective. Its essential message is that Plato devised a noteworthy and influential theodicy comprised of several theodicean strategies, some of which remain relevant even today. Hence, Plato’s pioneering contribution to the field of theodicy deserves the attention of both philosophers and theologians.
In Ibn Taymiyya and the Attributes of God (orig. published in German, 2019), Farid Suleiman pieces together, on the basis of statements scattered unsystematically over numerous individual treatises, an overall picture of the methodological foundations of Ibn Taymiyya’s doctrine of the divine attributes. He then examines how Ibn Taymiyya applies these foundational principles as exemplified in his treatment of selected divine attributes. Throughout the book, Suleiman relates Ibn Taymiyya’s positions to the larger context of Islamic intellectual history.
The book was awarded the Dissertation Prize 2019 by the Academy for Islam in Research and Society (AIWG) and the Classical Islamic Book Prize by Gorgias Press (2020).
Ontology and Aetiology from Avicenna to Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī
The book approaches the conceptual background of Avicenna's account of efficient causality, outlining the positions held by him and his early interpreters (eleventh and twelfth centuries), as well as the arguments that support those positions. The first aim of the book is to show the systematic unity of the Avicennian doctrines on ontology and aetiology, highlighting the threads connecting the two. The second aim is to investigate Avicenna’s influence over his interpreters, assessing continuities and discontinuities.
Hermeneutic Foundations of aš-Šāṭibī's Ethical Philosophy
Virtue and the Common Good: Hermeneutic Foundations of aš-Šāṭibī's Ethical Philosophy arose as a response to the urgent need for epistemological research on the hermeneutic foundations of Islamic ethical and moral theory that has resulted from the current period of upheaval in Islamic theology. Choosing a late-medieval work of legal theory, namely, Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm ibn Mūsā aš-Šāṭibī's (d. 790/1388) al-Muwāfaqāt, as the point of departure, locates this study's discussion methodologically and theoretically in the genealogical process of re-reading and reconstructing Islamic thinking in modernity from the perspectives of contemporary philosophy of ethics. Thus, profoundly reflecting on modern understanding and interpretation of fundamental theological concepts in the Islamic legal- and moral theory becomes unavoidable.
Ein Beitrag zur Untersuchung des frühislamischen Frauenbildes
Ana Davitashvili untersucht explizite Erwähnungen von Frauen —"Huris" (ḥūr ʿīn), "Gattinnen", "reine Gattinnen" und "gläubige Frauen" — im frühislamischen Paradies. Im ersten Teil der Monographie zeichnet sie eine innerkoranische Entwicklung nach. Zu diesem Zweck analysiert sie das Frauenbild in- und außerhalb des koranischen Paradieses. Sie weist außerdem nach, dass die Beschreibungen der ḥūr ʿīn dem Schönheitsideal der Frau aus der vorislamischen Dichtung entsprechen. Im zweiten Teil befasst sich die Autorin mit ausgewählten frühislamischen Vorstellungen über die ḥūr ʿīn als wiederauferweckte gläubige Frauen, reine Gattinnen und die Durchsichtigkeit der Gattinnen im Paradies. Sie geht der Frage nach, wer sie in Umlauf gebracht hat und versucht diese Vorstellungen in den historischen Kontext einzuordnen. Ana Davitashvili zeigt, wie und warum das koranische Verständnis von den ḥūr ʿīn und den reinen Gattinnen in der frühislamischen Exegese weiterentwickelt und verändert wurde.
Laudato si’ and the Promise of an Integrated Migration-Ecological Ethics
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This book places Pope Francis’s landmark 2015 encyclical Laudato si’ at the center of an effort to integrate the ethics of migration and ecological devastation. These issues represent two of the great planetary challenges of our time. They are also deeply connected and likely to get worse in the coming decades. As addressed to these issues, the book advances two core arguments. First, Laudato si’ and its moral vision of integral ecology represent a culturally creative response to these challenges whose potential for application has not yet been fulfilled. Second, fulfilling the encyclical’s promise requires attention to divisions alongside connections. In particular, it requires attention to borders. As sites of power manifested, of families separated, of alienation and friendship, of hope and hopelessness, and of the limits of civil and political order, borders are both a challenge that must be engaged and an opportunity to apply Francis’s moral vision in concrete contexts.