General Index

In: Arabic Oration: Art and Function
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Tahera Qutbuddin
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General Index

This index lists names and terms cited in the narrative, quotes, footnotes, Appendix of Orations, and glossaries of the present volume; it flags pervasive terms as “passim.” The prompt “oration-texts” indicates side-by-side text-translations of oration sections in the volume. The prompt “analysis of full oration by” refers to chapter-segments containing the text-translation-analysis of a full, illustrative oration. Additional listings of all “citations and 1–2 line quotes of his orations in this volume” are provided for Muḥammad and ʿAlī, who are copiously cited in the volume; for other orators’ further citations, see index provided in Appendix of Orations.

ʿAbbās ibn ʿAlī 217, 226
Abbasid(s) 7, 11, 12, 14, 15, 28, 28n15, 31, 40, 42, 45, 50, 79, 86, 98, 117, 137n191, 144, 149, 170, 182, 184, 190, 191, 191n103, 208, 214, 277, 280, 283, 284, 293, 310, 323n107, 343, 407, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 415, 416n43, 417, 419, 420, 425, 426, 427, 429, 431, 439, 440, 440n18, 460, 460n58, 495, 513, 522, 533, 534, 536, 554, 556, 557, 558
ʿAbdallāh ibn al-ʿAbbās
oration-texts 305, 305–306
miscellaneous re. orations and career 68, 73, 82, 84, 127, 144, 150, 178, 179, 180, 190, 210, 215, 284, 294, 295, 313, 319, 337, 486, 489, 552
ʿAbdallāh ibn al-Ahtam 82, 215, 486, 552
ʿAbdallāh ibn ʿAlī 135
ʿAbdallāh ibn ʿĀmir (or ʿAmr) al-Ḥaḍramī 166n4, 180, 549, 552
ʿAbdallāh ibn Badīl 178, 552
ʿAbdallāh ibn ʿIṣām al-Ashʿarī 337
ʿAbdallāh ibn Jaʿfar al-Ṭayyār 74n39, 178, 180, 190, 295, 337, 488, 552
ʿAbdallāh ibn Masʿadah al-Fazārī 337
ʿAbdallāh ibn Masʿūd see Ibn Masʿūd
ʿAbdallāh ibn Muṭīʿ al-ʿAdawī 68, 69, 122, 185, 200, 200n152, 215, 315, 521, 547, 552, 557, 558
ʿAbdallāh ibn ʿUmar 337
ʿAbdallāh ibn Wahb al-Rāsibī 180, 552
ʿAbdallāh ibn Yaḥyā al-Ibāḍī al-Kindī
oration-text 377–378
miscellaneous re. orations and career 68, 82, 97, 98, 189, 355, 357, 488, 552
ʿAbdallāh ibn al-Zubayr (Ibn al-Zubayr)
analysis of full oration by 87–90
oration-text 88–89
miscellaneous re. orations and career 74n39, 77n62, 87–90, 120, 121, 123, 132, 135n184, 136, 140, 144, 177, 182, 188, 189, 190, 199, 200, 200n151, 213, 215, 244, 286, 293, 295, 337, 351, 367, 440n18, 487, 488, 489, 513, 527, 552
Zubayrid 302, 440n18
ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd al-Kātib 42, 152, 409, 412, 412n22, 414, 418, 421
ʿAbd al-Jabbār al-Muʿtazilī, Qāḍī 48, 334n3, 375n10
ʿAbd al-Malik ibn al-Muhallab 200
ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwān
oration-text 352
miscellaneous re. orations and caliphate 42, 77, 83, 83n95, 87, 116n97, 130, 131, 135, 137, 138, 140, 164, 182, 193, 199, 244, 258n109, 259n116, 267, 281, 327, 341, 351, 357, 362, 366, 367, 407, 411, 440n18, 488, 513, 552
ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāshim 109n63, 170, 171, 237, 392, 399, 490, 552
ʿAbd al-Qays tribe 199, 558
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān III 426
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿAwf 77n64, 124, 177, 359, 490, 552
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Dākhil 302, 327, 490, 552
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Shurayḥ 76n54, 490, 552
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿUthmān al-Thaqafī 337
ʿAbd Rabbih al-Ṣaghīr 189, 490, 552
Abraham (Ar. Ibrāhīm), Prophet/Patriarch 4, 170, 262, 379, 455
Abrahamic 72, 238, 558
abstract concepts, abstractions 92, 114, 116, 124, 159, 349
Abū ʿĀmir ibn Sharwiyyah 414
Abū Ayyūb al-Anṣārī 178, 553
Abū Bakr ibn ʿAbdallāh 32, 411, 490, 553
Abū Bakr ibn Abī Quḥāfah
oration-texts 316, 337
miscellaneous re. orations and caliphate 11, 31, 51, 67, 74n40, 77, 81, 82, 83, 83n95, 84, 86, 87n116, 109, 112, 113, 118, 120, 121, 129n158, 133n177, 134, 135, 136, 140, 142, 143, 145, 146, 148, 174, 175, 176, 187, 206, 241, 241n55, 267, 281, 293, 294, 295, 324, 336, 336n8, 338, 339, 355, 358, 359, 361, 384, 385, 395, 396, 398, 401, 410, 439, 440, 440n18, 445, 446, 477, 480, 481, 490, 513, 523, 543, 552, 553, 557
Abū Dāʾūd ibn Ḥarīz al-Iyādī 209
Abū Dharr al-Ghifārī 80, 145, 177, 492, 553
Abū Hamhamah 381, 381n23
Abū Ḥamzah al-Shārī
oration-text 362
miscellaneous re. orations and career 76, 76n52, 109n59, 146, 163, 189, 234, 254, 264, 321, 356, 357, 358, 361, 439, 492, 553
Abū Hāshim 375
Abū Lahab 172, 492, 553
Abū l-ʿAlāʾ Sālim 42
Abū l-Dardāʾ al-Anṣārī
oration-text 241
miscellaneous re. orations and career 68, 80, 177, 264, 492, 553
Abū l-Haytham Mālik ibn al-Tīhān 119, 324n110, 492, 553
Abū l-Sarāyā 79, 283, 494, 553
Abū Mikhnaf Lūṭ ibn Yaḥyā 44n72, 50, 216, 217, 219n235
Abū Mūsā l-Ashʿarī
oration-text 69
miscellaneous re. orations and career 71, 74n39, 150, 179, 295, 318n85, 485, 553, 554
Abū Muslim al-Khurāsānī 191, 492
Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī 218
Abū Shāh 44
Abū Sufyān ibn al-Ḥarb, Ṣakhr 39n49, 74n44, 77n60, 121, 142, 169, 173, 177, 181, 205, 222, 303, 319, 321, 327, 360, 360n69, 361, 397, 494, 553
Abū Ṭālib
oration-text 379
miscellaneous re. life and orations 72, 74, 77n60, 95, 108, 170, 237, 301, 348, 411, 494
Abu Tammām 8
Abū ʿUbaydah ibn al-Jarrāḥ 38n49, 176, 177, 244, 312, 317, 319, 359, 494, 525, 553
Abū Zaynab ibn ʿAwf 179, 553
acacia shrub 114, 246
accession speech 121, 145, 166, 175, 182, 190, 281, 333, 334, 337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 348, 350, 353, 355, 362, 365, 368, 464, 465, 466, 477, 481, 491, 497, 511, 527, 531, 533, 537, 539, 541, 543, 545, 547, 549, 551
accountability 172, 178, 239
Achilles 25
acoustic/al 23, 93, 94, 95, 96, 98, 100, 101, 103, 104, 155, 156, 158, 163
ʿĀd tribe 241
adab 427, 562
adab al-kātib see kātib: scribe’s culture
Adam (Ar. Ādam), Prophet, son of 77, 97, 104, 106, 107, 109, 246, 253
adhān, call to prayer 202, 202n157
muezzin 276
ʿAdī ibn Ḥātim 179, 525, 553
administration, administrative 1, 12, 41, 42, 42n65, 60, 82, 104, 165, 278, 282, 365, 368, 468
aesthetic(s) 1, 2, 14, 18, 25, 30, 40, 91, 92, 151, 152, 155, 163, 164, 205, 210, 331, 332, 394, 406, 408, 421, 422, 428, 483
age of ignorance see pre-Islamic
agonistic/struggle-based verbal production 5, 92, 108, 349, 349n36, 396
Aḥnaf ibn Qays 45, 85, 244n60, 264, 337, 494, 537, 553
Ahwaz 185, 533, 558
ʿĀʾishah bint Abī Bakr
oration-text 388–390
miscellaneous re. life and orations 82, 83, 83n93, 84, 107, 115n94, 148, 150, 151, 180, 295, 383, 384, 388, 388n23, 394, 395, 396, 397, 398, 400, 401, 494, 553
ʿĀʾishah bint ʿUthmān 384, 398, 401, 496, 553
Akkadian 36
Aktham ibn Ṣayfī 76n57, 115n90, 171, 171n18, 265, 440n18, 496, 553
Al Heweny, Abu Ishaq 446
Al-Azhar University/scholars, clerics, and preachers 432n1, 436, 437, 437n8, 438, 439, 441, 441n22, 442, 442n23, 443, 444, 445, 447, 479
Alexandrian Canon of Ten 60
ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib
analysis of full oration by 151–163
oration-texts 70, 153–155, 235, 236, 242–244, 248, 251, 253, 255–256, (268–272), 279–280, 299, 300–301, 301, 304–305, 313–314, 314–315, 318, 320–321, 340, 341, 355, 372–373, 373–374, 374
citations and 1–2 line quotes of his orations in this volume 24, 34, 74n40, 75, 76n52, 77n66, 82, 83, 84, 87n116, 96, 108, 109n60, 110, 113, 115n90–95, 116n98–111, 118, 119, 121, 122, 123, 124n141, 133, 136, 138, 139n199, 140, 142, 143, 144, 145, 147n229, 150, 151, 152, 173, 178, 193, 195, 196, 201, 211, 214, 229n1, 232, 233, 234, 236, 237, 239n49, 240, 241, 244n59, 247, 249, 250, 251, 254, 258n108–112, 259n118–119, 260n120–125, 261n130–131, 262, 259n113–114, 295, 297, 299, 300, 306, 316, 317n84, 319, 320, 322, 324n109, 325n117–119, 326, 359, 372, 496–509
battles of 44n72, 178, 224, 283, 293, 295, 304, 391n26
compilations of his orations 44, 48, 50, 51, 59, 152, 231n8, 267, 372, 469, 496n2
curses or rousing against him 69, 85–86, 124, 145, 176, 180, 181, 182, 189, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 285, 295, 307, 309, 320, 361, 384, 388, 396, 417n45, 426, 460, 495, 511, 525, 539, 547, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558, 559, 560, 561
epistles of 38, 249, 354, 372, 408
lineage from 68, 80, 163, 186, 187, 190, 221, 348, 360, 398, 426, 557, 560, 561
mention/praise/memorization of his orations, themes in 14, 17, 26, 28, 31, 32, 35, 36, 44, 51, 52, 55, 56, 57, 67, 68, 71, 72, 78, 135, 152, 168, 178, 179, 198, 231, 246, 267, 277, 280, 294, 295, 298, 318, 321, 354, 355, 374, 375, 376, 396, 409, 410, 411, 412, 414, 422, 432, 439, 440, 448, 449, 475, 476, 484
orations by others supporting or praising him 68, 79, 84, 107, 175, 178, 179, 181, 191, 199, 215, 284, 305, 306, 313, 344, 386, 396, 487, 493, 511, 517, 519, 527, 537, 539, 549
succession of/to 109, 174, 180, 213, 218, 283, 319, 334–336, 338, 344, 359, 360, 374, 384, 385, 521, 531
supporter/companion/governor/commander/emissary of 68, 69, 75, 77, 84, 124, 140, 178, 179, 183, 195, 226, 284, 294, 295, 298, 304, 305, 306, 307, 315, 319, 322, 323n107, 324n110/119, 525, 551, 552, 553, 554, 555, 558, 559, 560, 561
ʿAlid(s) 85, 111, 146, 188, 190, 365, 440n18, 460, 533, 552, 511, 555
miscellaneous re. 4, 11, 39, 177, 203, 357, 379, 448, 450, 453, 469, 480
ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn (al-Akbar) 140n201, 218, 226
ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn (Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn) 80, 218n231
ʿAlī ibn al-Nuʿmān 41
ʿAlid(s) 111, 145, 188, 190, 365, 440n18, 460, 537
Allāhu akbar (God is Great/est), takbīr (glorification phrase) 277, 289, 290, 291, 455, 471, 480, 563
Allies (Anṣār) 76, 136, 143, 172, 177, 179, 183, 320n96, 354, 359, 360, 470, 491, 555
alms levy/tax, almsgiving (zakāt) 235, 236, 261, 282, 354, 458
Amen (āmīn) 211, 462
America, American, United States, U.S. 14, 333n4, 448, 480, 482, 454, 461, 482
American Civil War, Union army 312, 331
Native Americans 61
Āmir (Fatimid imam-caliph) 425
ʿĀmir ibn Rabīʿah ibn al-Ḥārith 370
ʿĀmir tribe, ʿĀmirite 121, 169, 359, 495, 515
ʿĀmir ibn Wāthilah al-Kinānī 8, 213, 508, 554
ʿĀmir ibn al-Ẓarb al-ʿAdwānī 138
ʿAmmār ibn Jaʿfar 415
ʿAmmār ibn Yāsir
oration-texts 107, 307, 398n43
miscellaneous re. orations and career 124, 178, 179, 322, 510, 554
ʿAmr ibn al-ʿĀṣ 39n51, 44, 45n75, 55, 73n34, 78, 129n158, 142, 150, 177, 179, 180, 212, 266n143, 285, 294, 295, 302, 308, 309, 313, 318n85, 321, 324n109, 326, 487, 510, 527, 554, 557
ʿAmr ibn Barrāq al-Hamdānī 136, 139, 140
ʿAmr ibn Ḥārith al-Makhzūmī 405n53
ʿAmr ibn Kulthūm 74n40, 170, 510, 554
ʿAmr ibn Saʿīd ibn al-ʿĀṣ al-Ashdaq 183, 195, 211, 337, 510, 554
ʿAmr ibn ʿUmays 100
Amwās plague 177
anaphora 347, 447
Anas ibn Mālik 218
Anatolians 308
Anbar 196, 201, 214, 299, 453, 503
Andalusia/n 33, 48, 111, 185, 293, 303, 315, 319, 327, 331, 414, 426, 427, 428n91, 539
angel(s) 86, 147, 218, 223, 248, 306, 371, 470
anger 92, 196, 215, 251, 298, 317, 387, 395, 404, 405n53
wrath 288, 290, 364, 366
animal(s) 42, 114, 118, 120, 121, 122, 125, 127, 148, 219, 226, 256, 282, 326, 416
beast(s) 115, 122
bird(s) 107, 115, 117, 126, 148, 202n158, 209, 381, 416
Ankara 446, 470
Anṣār Imam Mahdī (Allies of the Mahdī)/ Anṣar Allāh 452, 453
ʿAntarah 33n31, 140, 322
anthology, anthologies, anthologist(s) 47, 48, 50, 55, 58, 73, 142, 144, 254, 266, 267, 316, 381n24, 384, 396, 407, 427, 429, 457, 458, 459
compilations 35, 44, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 58, 59, 152, 281, 372, 340, 441, 448, 457, 458, 459, 460, 461, 463, 475
Antichrist (Dajjāl) 368, 426, 452
antiquity, antique 24, 37, 53
antithesis (ṭibāq, muṭābaqah), antithetical 5, 22, 96, 97, 101, 104, 113, 126, 128, 151, 155, 156, 157, 158, 163, 249, 331, 332, 563
Aoun, Michel 477
aphorism, aphoristic 259, 260, 262, 290
apostasy wars/revolts see revolts: apostasy wars/revolts
apostles 61
appoint/ment, appointed, appointee(s) 77, 78, 82, 134, 137, 150, 166n4, 174, 176, 178, 179, 200, 215, 284, 306, 334, 336, 337, 339, 343, 344, 362, 367, 368, 388, 390, 416, 420, 427, 431, 436, 437, 448, 456, 457, 464, 468, 473, 477, 483, 531, 553, 555, 560
apprentice/ship 26, 28
ʿAqīl ibn Abī Ṭālib 190, 503, 554
Arab(s)
general mentions of 9, 12, 16, 30, 42, 49, 55, 146, 175, 194, 205, 331, 400, 426, 434, 447, 477, 558
Renaissance (nahḍah) 476
Spring 436, 439n14, 455, 477
Arabia/n
chiefs 170
language, society, world, culture, outlook, ethos, life 10, 36, 53, 142, 146, 147, 193, 204, 205, 207, 229, 274, 366, 407
pan-Arabian 147, 169, 201
Peninsula 1, 3, 7, 11, 12, 36, 37, 40, 41, 42, 53, 62, 72, 135, 142, 146, 174, 197, 203, 254, 293, 311, 369, 381, 407, 434, 522, 536, 546
tribe(s) 293, 308
Arabic passim
ʿArafāt 31, 174, 197, 201, 212, 369, 528
Aramaic 36, 61, 93, 308
Arbitration
Post-Ṣiffīn (taḥkīm) 136, 150, 179, 180, 295, 315, 487, 495, 501, 517, 553, 554
general 169, 171, 192, 193, 206, 381n23, 495, 515, 523, 547
archaic 15, 16, 58, 59, 148, 162, 366, 396
Arendt, Hannah 10, 165, 167
Aristotle 7, 13n26, 60, 61, 430n100, 482
army, armies 44, 107, 111, 122, 131, 142, 150, 168, 171, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 185, 187, 196, 203, 213, 216, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 227, 270, 294, 296, 297, 303, 304, 307, 308, 310, 313, 314, 315, 319, 322, 323n107, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 393, 396, 405, 407, 451, 454, 493, 519, 533, 535, 551, 555, 558, 559
arms, armor, armed 86, 87, 185, 187, 189, 123, 137, 196, 225, 292, 293, 304, 312, 313, 318, 331, 342, 404, 525, 537
arrow(s) 124, 143, 163, 226, 240, 246, 314, 350, 363, 366
Asad tribe 171, 172, 177, 308, 326, 511, 541, 554, 559
Asʿad ibn Zurārah al-Anṣārī 49n86, 202
ascetic(s) (zāhid, zuhhād), asceticism, renunciation, rejection of worldliness (zuhd) 12, 14, 49, 170, 181, 233, 247, 249, 257, 264, 265, 266, 342, 409n10, 552, 553, 555, 562
Ashʿath ibn Qays 67, 82, 87n116, 133, 179, 214, 304, 315, 503, 510, 551, 554, 555, 561
Ashbāḥ sermon 36, 373n7, 507
Ashdaq see ʿAmr ibn Saʿīd
Ashtar see Mālik ibn al-Ḥārith al-Ashtar
ʿĀshūrāʾ 131, 196, 216, 221, 309, 330, 394n33, 453
ʿĀṣim ibn ʿAmr 302, 319, 510, 554
Aṣmaʿī 419
assonance see rhyme
Atatürk 468n72, 469, 472, 473
Athens 53, 369
atonement 187
ʿAttāb ibn Warqāʾ al-Riyāḥī 76n52, 140, 183, 323n107, 510, 515, 554
oration-text 321–322
ʿAttābī 429
audience
engagement 19, 92, 105–114, 158, 164, 330, 394, 396, 430n100, 455
large/public/live/virtual (and various other types of) 10, 13, 21, 27, 31, 32, 33, 45, 92, 145, 201–204, 265, 266, 277, 306, 343, 380, 385, 397, 398, 415, 416, 417, 420, 425, 431, 432n1, 435n4, 439, 439n14, 443, 455
miscellaneous features of 13, 16, 19, 24, 25, 56, 64, 68, 69, 79, 80, 82, 83, 118, 125, 126, 130, 145, 147, 159, 238, 240, 279, 283, 376, 385, 450
orator-audience dynamics /reception /response 2, 6, 7, 11, 18, 19, 65, 71, 76, 85, 89, 90, 91, 96, 97, 98, 108, 117, 119, 129, 134, 135, 138, 139, 142, 143, 145, 148, 149, 151, 155, 156, 162, 163, 165–228, 229, 232, 233, 235, 236, 241, 244, 247, 248, 251, 257, 258, 259, 262, 272, 273, 274, 281, 285, 290, 294, 295, 300, 311, 323, 332, 338, 355, 356, 357, 358, 365, 375, 394, 396, 398, 399, 433, 443, 444, 449, 450, 451, 452, 454, 455, 461, 462, 465, 472, 474, 476, 478, 479, 480, 481, 484
of peers 10, 165, 167, 175, 190, 200, 201, 204, 205, 206, 338
vocative/direct address to 64, 73, 75, 76, 77, 78, 150, 253, 382, 394, 453, 454
auditory, audition 94, 100, 155, 195
authentic/ity, inauthentic/ity, genuine, historicity 2, 9, 15, 16, 17, 18, 21, 30, 31, 32, 25, 36, 37, 51–62, 63, 72, 223, 273, 328n139, 334, 374, 379, 380, 385
authority, authorities, authoritative 1, 2, 9–11, 12, 19, 57, 65, 78, 91, 92, 129, 130, 132, 133, 135, 144, 165–228, 235, 273, 275, 285–286, 295, 310, 330, 337, 338, 340, 348, 349, 354, 357, 358, 359, 365, 368, 383, 391, 397–400, 403, 404, 405, 414, 425, 427, 433, 438, 439, 443, 444, 445, 472, 475, 476, 479, 481, 484, 521
see also power; God authority/power of; symbol of authority
ʿAwf ibn Rabīʿah 171, 510, 554
Aws tribe 558
Ayatollah 448, 450, 451, 463, 469, 475, 483
Ayine 472
Ayyūb ibn al-Qirriyyah 86n108, 554
Azd tribe 76, 495, 553, 558, 559
Azerbaijan 179, 510, 550, 561
ʿAzrah ibn Qays 227
Ba’ath party 447
bad see evil
badīʿ (rhetoric, figures of speech) 430, 431, 562
Badīʿ al-Zamān al-Hamadhānī 110n28, 409n10, 421, 427, 428
Badrani, Abdul Munim 453–455
Baghdad 12, 46, 408, 417, 421n65, 422, 522, 534
Baghdadi, Abu Bakr 477
Bajīlah tribe 552, 555, 560, 561
Bakr tribe 300, 555
balāghah (rhetoric or eloquence) 13n26, 14, 413, 429, 430, 562
balance 23, 99, 100, 467
balsam 114, 148, 356
bandits/brigands see wolf: wolf-bandits
Barelwi 456, 457, 459, 461, 463, 480
Barzani, Masoud 454
Basmalah 446, 447, 463, 473, 476
see also God name of
Basra/n(s) 12, 28, 68, 73, 78, 84, 98, 143, 145, 148, 149, 150, 152, 164, 166n4, 179, 183, 184, 190, 198, 200, 202, 216, 277, 284, 295, 302, 304, 305, 309, 316n77, 345, 348, 350, 352, 355, 388, 425, 428, 452, 486, 487, 494, 496, 498, 512, 514, 516, 524, 530, 531, 532, 534, 538, 540, 544, 546, 548, 552, 553, 556, 557, 558, 559, 560
battle(s), battlefield(s) 1, 11, 12, 32, 44n72, 50, 84, 85n103, 89, 102, 107, 119, 133, 140, 145, 150, 162, 169, 173, 176, 178, 182, 184, 185, 187, 193, 226, 244, 290, 367, 370, 380, 386, 388, 390, 397, 399, 404, 491, 558, 561
see also ethics: battle ethics; strategy: battle strategy
Battle Days of the Arabs (Ayyām al-ʿArab) 9, 412n22, 562
battle oration/themes 2, 13, 19, 81, 82, 83, 84, 87, 113, 121, 123, 130, 131, 135, 140, 145, 151, 169, 173, 176, 178, 180, 185, 187, 189, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 201, 203, 204, 211, 213, 224, 244, 263, 264, 266, 292–332, 333, 361, 368, 373n7, 395, 396, 397, 401, 407, 414, 473, 519, 525, 531, 535, 541, 562; strategy, 82, 292, 295, 312–315, 330, 332
see also Western battle speeches
Battle of
Badr 142, 173, 222, 293, 306, 315n17, 320n96, 391, 392, 528, 529, 559, 560
Basūs 293
The Camel 50, 67, 69, 71, 75, 77, 83, 84, 107, 142, 150, 151, 152, 178, 179, 180, 253, 279, 293, 295, 304, 309, 384, 388, 396, 398, 400, 495, 497, 499, 511, 517, 519, 523, 539, 553, 555, 559, 561
Dhū Qār 169, 293, 300, 498, 514, 515, 555
Ḥarrah 77n64, 185, 293, 303, 533, 557
Karbala 76, 84, 120, 124, 131, 140n201, 143, 163, 166, 186, 187, 188, 194, 196, 201, 203, 210, 216–227, 293, 294, 295, 310, 311, 318, 323, 324n111, 330, 350, 361, 384, 398, 401, 403, 404, 405, 453, 463, 509, 518, 541, 549, 550, 554, 555, 560, 561
Khaybar 293, 320n96, 354, 528, 529
Muʾtah 222
Nahāwand 293, 540, 559
Nahrawān 44, 178, 293, 294, 323, 500, 552, 555, 556, 557, 559, 560, 561
Qādisiyyah 177, 293, 302, 303, 307, 319, 324n114, 326, 397, 510, 534
Ṣiffīn 44, 50, 67, 70, 71, 74, 85, 124, 127, 128, 133, 136, 140, 178, 179, 180, 193, 195, 201, 224, 293, 294, 295, 297, 298, 300, 301, 303, 305, 306, 307, 309, 313, 314, 315, 316n77, 317n84, 318, 319, 320, 322, 323n107, 324n109–110, 325, 326, 384, 396, 399, 400, 401, 486, 492, 498, 499, 500, 501, 502, 507, 510, 511, 513, 515, 517, 520, 521, 522, 523, 524, 525, 528, 532, 534, 544, 545, 546, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558, 560, 561
The Trench 173, 205, 222, 293, 495
Uḥud 103, 173, 222, 293, 320, 360n69, 370, 390n26, 397, 528, 529
Yamāmah 176, 293, 522, 559
Yarmūk 176, 277, 201, 266n143, 293, 303, 308, 312, 315, 317, 319, 321, 323n107, 326, 327, 397, 399n45, 494, 510, 522, 523, 524, 525, 554, 559
miscellaneous 331 (Antietam), 469 (Dardanelles), 469 (Gallipolli), 302, 491 (Muṣārah), 137 (Niṣār)
see also Conquest of Mecca
Bedouin(s) 34, 73, 143, 189, 210, 212, 249, 258n112, 277, 362, 363, 386, 411, 512, 537, 554, 555
oration-text 284–285
belief, believers see God: belief in
Berber 327, 328n139, 443, 559
Bible, Hebrew Bible 8, 24, 27, 29, 42, 60, 95
biblical 14, 16, 24, 60, 91, 230, 267, 412n25
Bīḍah 87, 518
Bin Laden, Osama 454
bishop 7, 38, 44, 170, 238, 400, 558
Bishr ibn Marwān 362
Bishr ibn Muʿtamir 423
blade(s) 308, 309, 313, 314, 353, 386
blessings, and invocation of 28, 37, 68, 73, 74, 83, 84, 85–86, 87, 108, 130, 218, 223, 240, 241, 249, 276, 284, 285, 290, 371, 390, 414, 442, 449, 450, 451, 452, 453, 455, 459, 460, 462, 463, 470, 471n78, 473, 475, 476, 478, 480
ṣalawāt 67, 68, 83, 85, 105, 277, 450, 480
blood/y, bloodshed 69, 117, 120, 172, 180, 185, 219, 221, 222, 298, 304, 317, 318, 346, 348, 352, 357, 363, 364, 365, 367, 392, 393, 399, 401, 557
blood vengeance/revenge 137, 182, 188, 220, 306, 307, 310, 369, 370, 397
blood-wit 219, 285, 369
see also kinship (blood ties)
body language 10, 210–215, 222, 226
book, people of the 143
booty 12, 102, 175, 302, 303, 320, 329, 330, 354, 386, 393, 404
bow, leaning on 192–195, 286, 325–326, 381, 382, 400
see also sword: sword and bow, leaning on
brigand(s), bandit(s) (ṣuʿlūk, ṣaʿālīk) 7n13, 139, 142
brothers, brethren 69, 76, 121, 134, 171, 261, 307, 313, 318, 362, 386n12, 454, 455, 460, 474
brothers and sisters 450
Buddha 4
burial oration see eulogy
Būṣīrī 443
Byzantine(s) 41, 52n91, 60, 407, 426, 495, 524, 525, 547
Caesaria 176, 560
Cairo 416, 420, 432n1, 437, 438, 442, 444, 447, 479
calamity, calamities, calamitous 71, 88, 109, 121, 123, 143, 166n2, 231, 269, 270, 299, 309, 386, 390
caliph(s) (khalīfah), caliphate, caliphal
general mentions of 9, 11, 14, 17, 44, 77, 83, 84, 130, 132, 143, 168, 193, 194, 199, 205, 213, 221, 264, 265, 266, 267, 281, 285, 307, 333, 337, 343, 351, 353, 358, 368, 405, 411, 425, 490, 517, 555
Abbasid 11, 86, 137n191, 149, 190–191, 214, 277, 285, 343, 409, 410, 411, 416n43, 417, 419, 426, 427, 429, 439, 440, 460, 522, 534, 536, 554, 556, 558
counter-caliph 132, 286, 552, 557
Fatimid/Ḥāfiẓi 415, 420, 425, 426
four historical Sunni 11, 19, 31, 38, 39, 50, 51, 68, 83, 112, 113, 120, 142, 166, 168, 174–182, 206, 211, 214, 244n60, 266, 293, 294, 302, 306, 316, 306, 337, 338, 339, 344, 352, 354, 355, 357, 361, 384, 385, 388, 398, 401, 405, 410, 425, 439, 440, 445, 454, 459, 464, 465, 466, 469, 470, 471n78, 473, 477, 481, 490, 496, 542, 544, 553, 554, 557, 559, 560, 561
God’s Caliph (khalīfat Allāh) 181
medieval 415, 420, 427
modern 477, 481
Spanish Umayyad 426
Umayyad 42, 44, 50, 51n88, 68, 85, 86, 87, 130, 137, 146, 181–190, 199, 204, 213, 216, 222, 232, 278, 281, 283, 284, 286, 327, 330, 336, 341, 342, 345, 348, 349, 351, 352, 357, 358, 359, 362, 366, 367, 407, 410, 411, 417n45, 439, 440, 487, 524, 538, 546, 548, 552, 556, 558, 559, 560, 561
camel(s) 24, 32, 49n86, 110, 114, 118, 120–122, 123, 126, 127, 142, 143, 145, 148, 149, 150, 159, 171, 175, 188, 195, 197, 198, 203, 211, 238, 256, 281, 295, 303, 304, 316, 326, 338, 346n31, 350, 354, 363, 364, 366, 369, 370, 386, 387, 388, 392, 395, 396, 399, 400, 411
see also Battle of: The Camel; chant: camel-chant
camp 173, 176, 199, 216, 217, 334, 524
camptowns 12
canals 343
canon/ize, canonical 1, 16, 20, 60, 91, 482, 483, 484
captive, captivity 12, 173, 318, 384, 391, 396, 397, 399n44, 402, 405
carcass 243, 246
cassette sermons 432
cattle 112
cavalry 196, 315
censure 73, 78, 79, 149, 181, 233, 236, 244, 245, 246, 248, 252, 254, 265, 268, 272, 274, 305, 306, 355, 401, 443
Central Asia/n 11, 12, 41, 293, 295, 407
centralize, centralizing, centralization 165, 168, 228, 425, 431, 466
ceremonial 13n25, 147, 286, 435, 444, 462, 472
chain(s) of transmission see isnād
chancery (and chancery officials/scribes)
general mentions of 12, 42, 407, 408, 414, 416, 420, 422, 423, 426, 427, 430, 431, 562
epistle/edicts/letters 19, 406, 408, 417, 421, 424, 431
manual 17, 31, 47, 49, 94, 97, 98, 100n27, 101, 157, 409–413
style (inshāʾ) 421
chant(s) 450, 451, 452, 455, 461, 476, 479, 480
camel-chant 32, 188
character 79, 231, 240, 292, 304, 305, 390, 458, 478
charity 70, 235, 236, 261, 282, 354, 385
chiasmus 98
chicks, hatching of (metaphorical) 116, 235, 454, 481
partridge chicks 308, 326
chief(s), chieftain(s) 45, 109, 115, 168, 169, 170, 171, 176, 177, 178, 181, 185, 193, 206, 214, 218, 222, 223, 226, 227, 265, 267, 300, 302, 350, 360, 363, 394, 400, 459, 495, 515, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 558, 559, 560
children 23, 110, 113, 115, 151, 188, 204, 216, 241, 253, 258, 265, 302, 303, 304, 316, 327, 371, 392, 394, 398, 399, 435n4, 453, 457
Chinese 3, 45, 402n49, 407
Christian(s), Christianity
general mentions of 37, 42, 43, 49, 137, 139, 198, 204, 225, 230, 266, 312, 343, 384, 400, 442, 476, 534, 555, 558
specific aspects of 308 (Nestorian); 312 (Reformation); 8, 41 (scriptures)
see also bishop; church
church(es) 38, 198, 312
Cicero 24, 60
citation of
oratorical texts (in modern sermons) 435, 442, 453
Hadith 144–146, 354, 355, 357–358, 435, 441, 460, 461, 469, 472
poetry 86, 91, 135–142, 285, 286, 365, 414, 446–447, 460
proverbs 91, 142–144
Qurʾan 14, 73, 91, 109, 129–135, 257, 259–263, 285, 286, 290, 323–325, 354, 357–358, 395, 414, 460, 469, 472
general mentions 19, 22, 24, 92, 129–146, 164, 209, 221, 285, 332, 375, 442, 449, 464
civil war 162, 283, 293, 312, 331
classical Arabic
language passim
literature and society 2, 8, 10, 12, 14, 17, 19, 20, 47, 50, 55, 93, 171, 253, 333, 406, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 437, 438, 439, 440, 441, 442, 444, 446, 447, 448, 449, 450, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 464, 465, 469, 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 483, 484
clergy, clerics 436, 438, 439, 445, 447, 448, 451, 466, 469, 475, 476, 483
climax (literary) 102, 117, 156
clothes, clothing, garment(s), robe(s) 116, 123, 126, 143, 149, 194, 195, 208, 238, 299, 313, 329, 330, 356, 363, 364, 366, 387, 395, 415, 416
code(s), (de)coded 434, 445, 479–484
coercion/coercive, force 19, 165, 167–168, 184, 185, 190, 194, 206, 216, 330, 331, 402, 403
colonial/ism 16, 401, 434, 475n85, 478, 483
postcolonial 16, 401
commander (or general)
general mentions of 9, 17, 38, 68, 76, 78, 79, 100, 112, 124, 128, 140, 146, 148, 163, 166, 168, 176, 177, 181, 183, 185, 186, 187, 188, 190, 191, 196, 199, 200, 206, 215, 224, 225, 226, 229, 244, 264, 267, 268, 283, 285, 286, 292, 294, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300, 302, 303, 304, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 317, 319, 321, 323n107, 324n110–111, 327, 330, 332, 337, 356, 362, 363, 377, 405, 411, 439, 469, 491, 503, 521, 531, 549, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 559, 560, 561
commander of the faithful 44, 45, 77, 124, 184, 185, 191, 214, 267, 302, 305, 306, 318, 329, 345, 348, 361, 363, 364, 366, 367, 372
commentary, commentaries, commentarial 48, 372, 374, 385n10, 430n100, 433, 445, 452, 457, 458, 459, 463, 496n2
communication theory 6, 16
Companion(s) of the Prophet 44, 52, 80, 101, 137, 144, 173, 176, 177, 178, 188, 203, 226, 241, 250, 262, 322, 398, 412, 442, 473, 480, 552, 553, 554, 555, 557, 558, 559, 560, 561
condolence (taʿziyah) 171, 265, 497
Confucius 4
congregation/al 11, 103, 263, 277, 286, 435, 456, 460, 462, 471, 477, 478, 479
conquest(s) (futūḥ)
Andalusia 185, 327–332, 329
Egypt 553, 554, 559
Iraq 50, 519, 553, 555, 556, 558, 560
Mecca 44, 102, 196, 293, 320n96, 360n69, 369n2, 399n44, 559
North Africa 293, 328n139
Persia 554
Syria 50, 244, 525, 539, 541, 553, 556, 559
general mentions of 12, 41, 42, 46, 47, 50, 60, 176, 204, 206, 293, 295, 302, 321, 353, 497, 545, 547, 560
consciousness of God see piety
context(s), contextualize, contextualization 4–7, 9, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 31, 33, 37, 47–50, 53, 62, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68–72, 75, 78–79, 80, 82, 83–84, 88, 89, 90, 106, 108, 113, 119, 121, 129, 133, 139, 143, 146, 148, 151, 162, 165, 167, 175, 191, 193, 195, 222, 244, 247, 251, 252–254, 263, 264, 281, 286, 292–295, 332, 333, 357, 361, 368, 369, 381, 383–385, 471, 473, 476, 482
conversion, convert to Islam 10, 70, 92, 142, 174, 266, 353, 475, 552, 553, 556, 559
Copt(s), Coptic 41, 308, 447
Cordoba 302, 490
corrupt/ion, anti-corruption 52, 131, 186, 305, 306, 317, 337, 344, 345, 353, 368
cosmic, cosmos 114, 120, 125–128, 229, 237, 238
courage/ous 10, 84, 119, 292, 294, 314, 318–321, 323, 326, 328, 330, 378, 403, 404, 405n53
court 77, 80, 85, 109, 187, 199, 204, 206, 265, 266, 385, 390, 391, 403, 405, 409, 429, 487, 495, 497, 511, 545, 547, 549
cousin 41, 182, 216, 220, 244n60, 342, 343, 350, 380, 384, 386, 399, 537, 558
see also Muḥammad: cousin of
covenant 162, 233, 336
cranium(s) 80, 119
creation (God’s) 125, 127, 128, 133, 134, 147, 166, 232, 237, 249, 250, 251, 252, 258, 259, 279, 280, 281, 355, 372, 373, 376, 379
see also God: creator
creativity 90, 401
Crete 53
crime(s), criminal(s) 1, 82, 98, 174, 184, 223, 227, 236, 345, 346, 347, 351, 369, 370, 417n45
Cross, Colonel Edward 331
Crusade(s) 312, 407, 454
curriculum 17, 409, 413, 414, 433, 436, 437, 438–441, 448–449, 456–457, 464–466, 476
curse(s), maledictions
general mentions of 85, 86, 145, 217, 285, 318, 417n45, 426, 451, 460, 474, 475, 480
Umayyad cursing of ʿAlī 85, 86, 181, 211, 285, 426, 460, 495, 517, 555, 559
Ḍaḥḥāk ibn Qays al-Fihrī 78, 100, 180, 183, 199, 200, 212, 283, 299, 336, 503, 512, 554
Dajjāl see Antichrist
Damascus 12, 36, 132, 177, 196n136, 202, 241, 295, 307, 341, 342, 345, 348, 360, 362, 367, 390, 395, 403, 486, 488, 492, 494, 508, 518, 534, 536, 538, 540, 542, 544, 553
Dars-e Nizami 456, 457
Darul Ulum 456 (Ashrafiya, Mubarakpur); 458 (Bharuch); 456, 460n59 (Deobandh); 437 (Mohammadiya, Mumbai)
date-palm 143, 148n233
Dāʾūd ibn ʿAlī 135, 191, 440n18, 510, 554
daughter(s) 68, 86, 138, 163, 175, 183, 187, 217, 218, 219, 221, 226, 244, 265, 329, 330, 360, 379, 380, 384, 392, 397, 398, 399, 400, 402, 448, 459, 529, 553, 554, 560, 561
granddaughter 163, 384, 398, 399, 403, 448, 560, 561
David (Ar. Dāʾūd), Prophet/King 74n41, 237, 385n10, 412n25
daʿwah 437
dāʿī 238, 437
Dayr al-Jamājim 185, 515, 555
death, mortality (oratorical theme) 1, 7, 81, 88, 89, 102, 108, 112, 114, 115, 116, 121, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 131, 132, 147, 151, 153, 154, 155, 158, 159, 160, 162, 169, 172, 187, 189, 210, 211, 213, 226, 227, 229, 232, 234n28, 236, 237–244, 245, 246, 248, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261, 263, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270, 271, 272, 273, 274, 278, 279, 280, 284, 287, 292, 296, 298, 300–302, 304, 309, 310, 311, 314, 324, 325, 328, 329, 330, 332, 347, 357, 358, 362, 367, 369, 370, 371, 392, 397, 401–405, 480
deception, deceptive, deceive 141, 246, 248, 268, 269, 272, 273, 280, 316, 387
decree(s)
God’s 69, 70, 110, 127, 128, 133, 151, 240, 245, 250, 280, 351, 371, 376
rulers’ and jurists’ 165, 408, 412, 416, 456
see also destiny
defend, defense (oratorical theme) 81, 151, 181, 189, 226, 247, 248, 283, 290, 297, 299, 304, 310, 312, 314, 342, 346, 388, 392, 396, 399, 403
democratic, democracy, theorists of 18, 433, 446, 482, 483
Demosthenes 60
Deobandh/i 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 461, 463, 474, 480
deputy, deputizing 11, 166, 173, 185, 188, 199, 277, 284, 350, 515
desert 92, 114, 116, 120, 126, 201, 216, 229, 308, 342
desire(s), base/whimsical, caprice 153, 155, 160, 161, 162, 240, 247, 253, 257, 258
destiny 125, 127, 241, 246
see also decree: God’s
Deuteronomy 61
devil 117
see also Satan
Dhū Ḥusum 213, 301, 518, 551
Dhū l-Kalāʿ al-Ḥimyarī 108, 109n59, 124, 145, 180, 295, 306, 325, 512, 554
dialect(s) 147
Ḥijāzī and Tamīmī 147
Syriac and Nabatean 36
dialectic/al 375
diaspora 434, 461, 464, 466
Diʿbil 449
disbursement(s) 184, 265, 285, 337, 353
disgrace 141, 142, 300, 310, 311, 331
see also shame
divination, diviner 9, 54, 171, 172, 380, 547
dreams 380
divine 12, 35, 40, 57, 72, 92, 128, 129, 133, 135, 163, 168, 171, 174, 191, 205, 231, 273, 286, 312, 329, 330, 374, 425
dīwān 8, 135, 175, 353, 562
Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı (Turkish Presidency of Religious Affairs) 464, 465, 466, 467, 468, 469, 470
doctrine(s) 92, 168, 278, 289, 304, 361, 376, 377, 435, 440, 448, 450, 464, 475
document(s), documentary 36, 38, 43, 45, 58, 59, 354, 407, 419
dog(s) 122, 322
dog-whistle rhetoric 445
donkey/mule 144
dungheap 123, 124
Durayd ibn al-Ṣimmah 136, 138, 139, 140
Durrah sermon 36, 372, 509
eagle 114, 126
East/ern 70, 414
East and West 85, 219, 221, 333
economic 12, 46, 201, 203, 204, 291, 400, 432, 434
egalitarian 167, 183, 205, 425
Egypt/ian 11, 12, 40, 41, 42n65, 46, 67, 75, 78, 149, 174, 179, 183, 204, 249, 293, 344, 349, 357, 407, 410, 432n1, 433, 434, 435n4n, 436–447, 456, 457, 462, 463, 471, 473, 475, 479, 480, 481, 483, 501, 553, 554, 556, 557, 559, 560
Eid
feast/festival, service/prayers 13, 49, 85, 195, 198, 431, 424, 436, 455, 471, 480
Hajj Eid (ʿĪd al-Aḍḥā) 275, 277, 282, 287n35, 415n39, 521, 523, 529
Ramadan Eid (ʿĪd al-Fiṭr) 275, 277, 282, 420, 470, 521, 523
sermon (khuṭbat al-ʿĪd) 2, 19, 81, 84, 105, 113, 135, 197, 203, 257, 275–291, 333, 406, 407, 414, 425, 427, 431, 432, 457, 464, 471, 507, 541, 562
see also Ghadīr Khumm: Ghadīr Eid
El Khoury, Mahbub 442
elder(s) 169, 172, 187, 193, 194, 206, 225, 226, 390n26, 391
old man (Ar. shaykh) 127, 194, 304, 316, 317
elephants 307
eloquence, eloquent/ly 1, 13, 14, 17, 26, 28, 29, 31, 51, 61, 91, 99, 116n113, 146–151, 152, 161, 162, 163, 164, 167, 171, 174, 207, 208, 215, 231, 238, 267, 268, 333, 359, 365, 384, 396, 405, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 413, 420, 427, 428, 429, 430, 431, 438, 440, 447, 468, 554, 558, 562
Emigrants (muhājirūn) 76, 136, 177, 183, 354, 360, 388, 396, 459, 470, 555
emissary, emissaries 119, 179, 186, 187, 216, 224, 350, 426, 521, 525, 533, 551, 556, 557, 559, 561
see also messenger
emotions, emotional 6, 30, 62, 226, 246, 403, 467
emotional response 23, 92, 93, 111, 210
emphasis, emphatic 23, 27, 72, 80, 81, 91, 103, 112, 114, 129, 149, 150, 157, 162, 163, 170, 172, 174, 175, 181, 203, 209, 221, 234, 239, 258, 267, 306, 311, 330, 367, 396, 398, 399, 410, 435n3, 439
preposition(s), structure(s), constructions 78, 89, 92, 95, 105, 108–110, 147, 156, 158, 161, 192, 331, 366, 394, 408, 421
encyclopedia(s) 410, 466, 474
endurance 300, 318–321, 323, 324, 328, 330
enemy, enemies, enmity (oratorical theme) 66, 69, 77n65, 82, 83, 84, 85, 122, 125, 132, 134, 135, 176, 184, 185, 186, 196, 211, 213, 236, 255, 285, 288, 290, 295, 298, 299, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 315, 317, 318, 320, 322, 324, 326, 318, 328, 330, 331, 347, 348, 367, 377, 392, 393, 399, 426, 451, 454, 473, 474, 475, 480
English (use of language) 13, 65, 95, 116n103, 118, 119, 230, 319
contemporary Muslim sermons in English 461, 478
envy 106, 113, 236, 246, 260
epic, epic poetry
general mentions of 4, 6, 25, 26, 29, 35, 60, 91, 92, 105
Balkan 25, 91
Greek, Homeric, Iliad, Odyssey, Aeneid 4, 6, 18, 25, 35, 53, 105
Indian epics Ramayana and Mahabharata 4
laws of folk narrative 24
Mesopotamian epic Gilgamesh 4
epigraphy, epigraphic evidence 7, 36–39, 43, 44, 61
epistle(s) (risālah, rasāʾil), epistolary 2, 19, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44n70, 74, 98, 100, 105, 152, 181, 183, 186, 187, 222, 224, 249, 265, 266, 354, 358, 359, 372, 406–431, 448, 562
treatise(s) (risālah, rasāʾil) 42, 50, 409, 414, 415, 448, 562
equal(s), equality, peer(s) 10, 165, 167, 175, 177, 190, 200, 201, 204, 205, 206, 333, 338, 405, 465
Erdoğan, Recep Tayyip 454, 466, 473, 479
err/ed, erring, errant (oratorical theme) 233, 318, 338, 378, 477
error 4, 121, 153, 154, 159, 163, 259, 279, 364, 386
establishment 190, 446, 448, 449, 450, 479, 481
anti-establishment 146, 205, 282, 386, 483
ethics, ethical 1, 4, 9, 19, 30, 227, 229, 231, 254, 259, 278, 294, 372, 430n100, 431, 433, 435, 438, 456, 468n72, 483, 529
battle ethics 292, 295, 296, 316–318, 330, 332
eulogy (burial oration) 244, 384, 397, 401, 487, 495, 511, 525, 529, 533, 539
Euphrates River 225
Europe/an 3, 14, 29, 328, 434, 435n3, 482
European Union, E.U. 454
evidence, evidentiary 11, 15, 24, 29, 36–39, 53, 54, 55, 59, 61, 83, 197n136, 273, 276, 395, 417, 419, 435n3
see also epigraphy: epigraphic evidence
evil see good and evil
eyewitness 403, 415
exclamation(s) 89, 108, 109
expansion, expand/ed 12, 41, 46, 60, 174, 175, 176, 228, 293
“Shiʿite expansion” (Ar. al-madd al-Shīʿī) 445
extemporaneity see spontaneity
fabrication, fabricate 15, 16, 22, 51–52, 55, 56, 57, 58, 63, 419
Fadak 109, 175, 384, 385, 469, 513
Faḍl ibn ʿĪsā 208, 554
fair/ness 339, 355
faith 7n14, 34, 37, 44, 45, 58, 85n104, 134, 162, 254, 269, 270, 298, 305, 312, 318, 324, 375, 377, 381, 389, 398, 400, 433, 437, 442, 454, 467, 468n73, 469, 470, 475, 476
see also commander of the faithful; mother of the faithful
false/hood, falsely 57, 116, 117, 186, 187, 214, 235, 236, 248, 260, 299, 306, 340
see also hope false hope(s)
fantasy see takhyīl
Faqʿas tribe 559
Fārābī 13n26, 166, 430
Farazdaq 449
fast/ing 188, 235, 236, 275, 282, 286n35, 361, 369n2, 442
fate(s), fateful 107, 115, 141, 246, 248, 300, 346
father 28, 80, 81, 84, 86, 88, 100, 109, 118, 141, 142, 144, 145, 148, 171, 175, 180, 181, 182, 210, 211, 221, 244, 248, 265, 283, 286, 295, 341, 350, 360, 361, 375, 378, 385, 386, 388, 389, 396, 398, 405n53, 451, 495, 513, 517, 527, 553, 554, 555, 558
father-in-law 381n23, 553
foster-father 361, 553
grandfather, great grandfather 144, 170, 181, 222, 225, 237, 248, 378, 398, 399, 552, 555, 559
Fāṭimah al-Zahrāʾ 77, 81, 82, 86, 109, 118, 121, 142, 143, 163, 175, 187, 221, 360, 379, 383, 384, 394, 395, 396, 398, 401, 448, 449, 450, 453, 459, 469, 480, 512, 529, 554, 560, 561
oration-text 385–388
Fatimid(s) 170, 276, 407, 412, 415, 416, 420, 423, 425, 426, 427, 445, 454
see also caliph/ate: Fatimid
fatwa 475n85, 479
fear/ed, fearsome 92, 109, 153, 154, 155, 158, 160, 162, 165, 185, 225, 226, 230, 240, 243, 247, 253, 254, 257, 260, 269, 271, 289, 304, 325, 346, 360, 364, 366, 386, 387
see also God-fearing, fear of God
female 19, 109, 121, 163, 171, 175, 180, 204, 244, 381, 384, 385, 396, 398, 399, 400, 401, 402, 405, 425, 432n1, 435, 443, 447, 450
fifth (khums) 302, 354
fight/ers, fighting (oratorical theme) 82, 87, 102, 107, 109, 111, 119, 132, 140, 142, 145, 169, 170, 173, 176, 179, 180, 185, 187, 188, 189, 190, 204, 211, 213, 214, 261, 283, 290, 292–332, 350, 377, 384, 388, 396, 397, 399, 451, 454, 487, 493, 495, 499, 501, 511, 517, 521, 523, 525, 533, 535, 537, 541, 543, 547, 551
fire 45, 123, 124, 137, 260, 375, 386, 389, 390
see also hellfire
fiscal policy, financial 12, 175, 225, 334, 353–354, 365, 368, 372, 543
Fiscal Rescript of ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz 354
flesh-witness 403, 404, 405
see also eyewitness
folk tales 60
forbearance 34, 234, 236, 260, 263, 319, 377, 458
forebear(s) 1, 57, 204, 211, 249, 391, 412
pious forebears 73, 256
see also Muḥammad: forebears
forensic speech 369, 385
forgiveness/pardon from God (oratorical theme) 37, 64, 66, 68, 82, 83, 84, 89, 90, 105, 109, 160, 177, 231, 250, 263, 279, 285, 287, 297, 323, 337, 345, 353, 357, 367, 371, 377, 378, 394, 452, 455, 461, 471, 474, 478, 545
formal language/speech 9, 13, 55, 92, 146–149, 161, 164, 176, 206, 358, 382, 396, 400, 433, 471
formula/e, formulaic 2, 6, 19, 22, 25, 26, 52, 64, 65, 66, 68, 69, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 77, 78, 80, 82–83, 84, 87, 89, 90, 93, 104–105, 126, 152, 191, 214, 221, 229, 223, 230, 237, 257–259, 263, 265, 273, 277, 278, 289, 290, 291, 376, 378, 379, 398, 412, 420, 435, 436, 441, 442, 443, 445, 446, 449, 450, 451, 452, 454, 455, 456, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 464, 467, 470, 471, 473, 474, 476, 478, 479, 480, 484, 563
fortitude 84, 87, 302, 314, 319, 455
fortress(es) 327, 328, 371
fragment/ary 2, 15, 35–36, 44, 64, 72, 87, 90, 152, 322
France, French 19, 23, 99, 311, 354, 434, 469, 479, 483
free/dom
(oratorical theme) 146, 224, 225, 232, 358, 370, 401, 402
freedmen 225, 392, 399
free will 12, 264, 342
Friday
prayer 13, 202, 276, 282, 338, 370, 371, 416, 439n14, 451
sermon (khuṭbat al-jumʿah) 19, 34, 49, 66, 67, 75, 81, 85, 86, 87, 103, 130, 135, 166n4, 168, 173, 182, 192, 193, 198, 199, 212, 233, 263, 275–291, 338, 367, 407, 413, 415, 416, 425, 426, 427, 432–485, 491, 495, 499, 501, 503, 505, 513, 515, 517, 521, 525, 529, 535, 539, 549, 562
fruit(s) 127, 149, 219, 222, 269, 316
function(s) (of oration) 1, 8, 14, 60, 62, 65, 91, 93, 127, 128, 129, 130n163, 134, 162, 183, 193, 203, 292, 296–323, 333, 334–358, 374, 380, 406, 408, 417, 423, 424–427, 431, 432, 437, 442, 456, 462, 464, 467, 475, 476, 483
Fustat 12, 183, 526, 532, 544
Gabriel (Trustworthy Spirit) 371
Garden of Eden, the garden 297, 298, 392, 394, 399
garden (general) 246
gender 17, 75, 201, 203, 383, 385, 391n27, 400, 405, 435n4
neutral 396, 397
theory 16, 401
general see commander
Genesis 27
Ghaḍbān ibn al-Qabaʿtharā 367, 512
Ghadīr Khumm 174, 198, 201, 202, 203, 334, 420, 530
Eid of Ghadīr 420
Gharrāʾ sermon 36, 373n7, 507
Ghazali, Mohammed 439
ghoul/ish 246, 268, 273
Ghunaym, Wagdi 446
Gibraltar, Rock/Strait of 327, 538
gnomic 86, 87, 90
goat(s) 122, 123
God
authority (and power, judgment, signs, rule) of 87, 89, 114, 128, 184, 191, 214, 263, 268, 273, 288, 289, 290, 291, 308, 357, 373, 376, 377, 388, 392, 394, 395, 501
belief in 143, 218, 221, 297, 371
book (and word, speech, revelation) of 9, 107, 129, 131, 134, 145, 189, 236, 248, 255, 262, 268, 270, 271, 273, 305, 306, 320, 329, 335, 339, 344, 357, 387, 391, 395, 424, 470
closeness to 104, 236, 298, 302, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 327, 371, 404, 470
command of 8, 287, 319, 352, 353, 442, 443, 461, 471
creation of 86, 128, 133, 166, 232, 237, 251, 252, 279
enemies of 176, 290, 367, 393
favors of and gratitude to 127, 232, 235, 247, 288, 290, 364, 366, 380
fear of God, God-fearing (taqwā) 8, 69, 81, 87, 103, 105, 113, 130, 131, 161, 186, 188, 230, 254, 261, 279, 280, 287, 289, 313, 323, 325, 346, 394, 405, 460
godly, godless 186, 189, 231, 237, 278, 299, 344, 404
guidance of 57, 133, 134, 180, 191, 214, 236, 279, 320, 324, 345, 374, 380, 398
knowledge, wisdom of 32, 34, 125, 298, 341
loved/not loved by, honored/ selected by 131, 248, 314, 317, 321, 325, 335, 381, 387, 396, 451
mercy of 87, 88, 132, 234, 242, 245, 248, 251, 261, 298, 305, 345, 362, 378, 380, 470
miscellaneous re. 27, 31, 37, 65, 87, 88, 89, 113, 119, 124, 134, 147, 175, 177, 181, 183, 187, 191, 213, 224, 226, 246, 248, 254, 261, 283, 290, 301, 312, 327, 329, 339, 351, 354, 360, 364, 366, 393, 397, 452, 453, 459, 479
name of 109, 379, 444, 446, 449, 470
oath by 89, 104, 108, 110, 120, 143, 144, 145, 146, 182, 183, 184, 185, 188, 210, 212, 214, 218, 219, 220, 221, 225, 245, 255, 282, 300, 301, 303, 304, 307, 308, 309, 328, 330, 335, 339, 340, 344, 346, 348, 349, 350, 351, 352, 358, 360, 363, 364, 365, 366, 392, 393, 394
obedience to or disobedience of 146, 151, 182, 186, 232, 233, 234–235, 239, 240, 256, 258, 272, 274, 281, 287, 289, 290, 301, 320, 321, 337, 338, 345, 356, 357, 477
oneness and unity of (tawḥīd) 102, 172, 214, 237, 278, 279, 287, 291, 303, 372–378, 441, 450, 470, 509
path or cause of 236, 261, 283, 288, 290, 297, 298, 299, 314, 316, 317, 320n96, 324, 325, 331, 377, 390, 392
praise of (taḥmīd), invocation, glorification 18, 28, 35, 37, 64, 65–74, 83, 88, 89, 90, 105, 127, 191, 207, 212, 218, 220, 223, 226, 231, 236, 268, 276, 279, 287, 291, 302, 334, 344, 345, 354, 361, 371, 378, 379, 380, 391, 392, 394, 398, 422, 441, 449, 451, 455, 459, 460, 462, 463, 471, 476, 480
prohibitions or permissions of 187, 255, 302, 317, 320, 369, 324, 371, 378
refuge in 66, 67, 84, 220, 225, 233, 279, 323, 325, 390, 470
religion and faith of 107, 211, 309, 380, 470
remembrance of 236, 263, 281, 288, 289, 298, 461
revelation of 248, 424
reward or punishment (and warnings, pleasure, promise) of 32, 69, 101, 102, 110, 113, 136, 185, 186, 218, 230, 232, 234, 235, 236, 242, 250, 254, 264, 272, 274, 279, 280, 287, 288, 289, 290, 297, 298, 299, 300, 301, 304, 305, 309, 311, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 331, 357, 371, 377, 391, 392, 402, 438, 455, 459, 470, 480, 481
saving and protection by 142, 215, 255, 288, 304, 319, 322, 356, 371, 386
servant(s)/service of 88, 106, 108, 123, 131, 220, 232, 233, 245, 252, 261, 279, 280, 282, 298, 387, 460, 470
will of, God-willing 42, 87, 89, 90, 107, 127, 166, 176, 191, 244, 284, 285, 298, 309, 312, 322, 325, 329, 348, 360, 450, 462
worship of 45, 219, 231
see also “Allāhu akbar” God is great!; angels; Basmalah; blessings (invocation); decree; destiny; divine; pagan gods; piety; king: the omnipotent king; prayer; prophets; Muḥammad: God’s messenger; Qurʾan; saints; shahādah; sustenance; (to bear) witness: that there is no god but God; witness: asking God to bear witness
gold and/or silver 123, 124, 241, 251, 298, 303, 329, 330, 400, 415
Gomaa, Mohamed 438, 442, 443
good/ness 138, 178, 184, 231, 237, 269, 272, 274, 288, 297, 301, 336, 339, 379, 391, 450, 478
good deeds 81, 106, 107, 110, 113, 120, 130, 132, 153, 154, 155, 158, 159, 161, 162, 173, 229, 231, 235–233, 232, 235–237, 249, 250, 251, 254, 257, 267, 270, 274, 278, 279, 280, 284, 288, 289, 290, 298, 331, 345, 367, 371, 441
good and evil 71, 90, 106, 110, 113, 130, 138, 147, 163, 172, 191, 212, 245, 248, 249, 250, 254, 255, 256, 262, 270, 272, 305, 361, 377, 395, 454
Gospels 42, 61
gossip 236
government/al
general mentions of 1, 2, 15, 41, 131, 165, 179, 182, 184, 206, 215, 228, 282, 283, 293, 341, 343, 359, 365, 407, 416, 425, 426, 431, 433, 434, 436, 437, 443, 445, 446–447, 456, 464, 467, 468, 473, 476, 477, 478, 479, 483, 511, 562
anti-government 78, 449–455
governance 167, 178, 182, 204, 205, 206, 207, 337, 339, 342, 344, 345, 355, 408, 424, 425
governor(s) 9, 11, 14, 17, 28, 31, 32, 68, 69, 73, 75, 76, 78, 79, 84, 86, 107, 117, 120, 123, 130, 136, 137, 138, 145, 164, 166, 168, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 190, 194, 195, 198, 199, 200, 206, 208, 211, 212, 213, 215, 216, 232, 233, 235, 249, 264, 265, 277, 278, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 294, 295, 299, 305, 306, 326, 327, 333, 337, 343–353, 354, 357, 358, 359–368, 405, 408, 410, 411, 416n44, 417, 420, 425, 426, 440, 446, 454, 481, 495, 501, 511, 513, 521, 527, 533, 535, 545, 551, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558, 559, 560, 561
grammar/ian, grammatical 23, 26, 27n11, 29, 45, 58, 72, 100, 106, 108, 110, 134, 146–147, 230, 257, 260, 280, 409, 422n69, 457
Granada 520
grave(s) 98, 106, 123, 131, 184, 240, 241, 244, 270, 271, 273, 347
Greece, Greek(s) 3, 7, 14, 16, 25, 29, 36, 40, 41, 53, 59–62, 93, 167, 171, 192, 207, 310, 311, 329, 330, 369n1, 385, 407, 419, 430, 431, 482
see also epics: Greek
guide, guidance, guidelines 57, 66, 68, 94, 115, 133, 153, 154, 159, 163, 174, 255, 256, 259, 261, 266, 278, 295, 316, 324, 338, 341, 344, 361, 378, 381, 398, 432, 436, 437, 438, 475
see also God: guidance
Gujarat(i) 458, 461, 462, 483
Gulf countries 454
Ḥabīb ibn Muẓāhir 140, 219, 226
hadith
general mentions of 9, 12, 15, 16, 26, 28, 30, 32, 40, 43, 45, 47, 48, 49, 52, 56, 57, 59, 60, 62, 129, 142, 144–146, 164, 203, 222, 223, 230, 231, 256n106, 262, 266, 276, 292, 323, 331, 354, 355, 356, 357–358, 394n33, 408, 412n22, 419, 435, 438, 439, 441, 442, 444, 445, 448, 450, 457, 460, 462, 464, 467, 468, 469, 470, 471, 472, 476, 478, 479, 529, 531, 552, 555, 562
cited hadith texts 35, 124, 144–146, 218, 256n106, 365, 356, 358, 439n11, 445, 454, 478n94, 528, 530
“heresy hadith” 445, 446, 454, 457, 459, 470, 473, 477, 480
see also paradise: “chiefs of the youth of paradise”; Muḥammad; Sunnah
Haḍramawtic 36
Ḥafṣah bint ʿUmar 384, 394, 397, 398, 401, 512, 554
Ḥājib ibn Zurārah 512, 554, 560
Hajj, pilgrimage, pilgrim(s) 11, 72, 80, 113, 173, 227, 237, 275, 282, 283, 444, 467, 478n95, 493, 515, 545
Muḥammad’s last pilgrimage sermon 31, 67, 87, 104, 111, 174, 194, 201, 203, 212, 369, 529
Ḥajjāj ibn Yūsuf al-Thaqafī
analysis of full oration by 362–368
oration-texts 107, 234, 281, 352–353, 358, 363–364
miscellaneous re. orations and politics 31, 39, 55, 78n70, 79, 81, 86, 108, 110, 116, 117, 122, 123, 130, 136, 137, 138, 140, 146, 148, 164, 168, 183, 184, 185, 190, 194, 195, 198, 199, 200, 206, 213, 233, 235n30, 237n38, 240, 241, 244, 258n112, 259n115, 280, 294, 295, 303, 321, 326, 333, 347, 348, 357, 362–368, 408, 410, 411, 440n18, 476, 489, 509, 512–515, 521, 547, 554, 555, 557, 561, 574
Ḥajjār ibn Abjar 222
Ḥākim (Fatimid imam-caliph) 415, 420
ḥall al-naẓm (turning verse into prose) 413
Hamami, Sayyid Hasan 452, 453
ḥamd see God: praise of; taḥmīd
Hamdān tribe 136, 556, 558, 561
Ḥamzah ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib 186, 218, 221, 360, 390n26, 459, 480
Ḥamzah ibn Sinān al-Asadī 180, 555
Hāniʾ ibn Qubayṣah al-Shaybānī
oration by 300
miscellaneous re. oration and career 169, 514, 555
Ḥanẓalah ibn al-Rabīʿ al-Tamīmī 39n51, 179, 555
Harim ibn Quṭbah ibn Sinān al-Fazārī 121, 169, 514, 555
Ḥārith ibn Kaʿb 44, 514, 555
Ḥārith tribe 44, 102, 384, 555, 558
harmony 450
Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī
oration-text 283
miscellaneous re. orations and career 68, 76n57, 80, 84, 86, 87n116, 132, 133, 138, 141, 142, 145, 174, 178, 180, 181, 183, 186, 210, 211, 213, 218, 222, 223, 244n60, 294, 295, 315, 319, 323n107, 336, 359, 360, 394n33, 410, 411, 440, 450, 453, 459, 462, 471n78, 480, 487, 516, 527, 554, 555, 557
Ḥasan al-Baṣrī
oration-texts 106–107, 380
miscellaneous re. orations and career 51, 77, 97, 104, 109, 113, 124n141, 189, 190, 201, 233, 246, 247n72, 253, 254, 259, 261, 264, 266, 379, 459, 516, 525, 555, 560
Hashem, Ahmad Omar 442, 443
Hāshim ibn ʿAbd Manāf 7, 113, 170, 171, 196, 237, 260n120, 261n127, 380, 381, 518, 523, 555
Hāshim/ite clan 76, 87, 133, 141, 144, 170, 178, 186, 190, 199, 215, 220, 487, 552, 553
Hāshim ibn ʿUtbah al-Mirqāl 178, 179, 555
Hassan, Muhammad 445, 446
Hawāzin tribe 136, 140
ḥawzah ʿilmiyyah 448
Haytham ibn ʿAdī 135
Ḥayyān ibn Ẓabyān al-Sulamī 189, 212, 213, 518, 555, 556
Hebrew 42n62, 93, 95, 230
see also Bible, Hebrew Bible
Hector 25
hell/fire, the fire 37, 69, 104, 108, 109, 116, 132, 134, 145, 153, 154, 155, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 225, 231, 234, 245, 250, 257, 270, 322, 340, 356, 358, 371, 387, 445, 454, 553
Hellenic 93
hereafter, afterlife 35, 81, 101, 104, 106, 110, 113, 114, 115, 130, 147, 151–163, 172, 182, 225, 229, 231, 232, 237, 239, 242, 244–251, 252, 253, 254, 256, 257, 258, 261, 266, 267, 270, 272, 274, 278, 280, 284, 285, 287, 289, 290, 298, 299, 300, 303n31, 320, 321, 324, 327, 336, 355, 367, 371, 387, 404, 427
otherworldly 128, 176, 264, 311
heresy see hadith: heresy hadith
heritage 4, 22, 129, 142, 310, 432, 433, 435, 437, 439, 440, 441, 446, 447, 452, 453, 454, 473, 476, 479, 482
Herodotus 53
Hezbollah 454, 477
Hijri months
Dhū l-ḥijjah 196
Muharram 216, 449, 458, 462, 463
Ramadan 236, 275, 282, 287n35, 269n2, 415, 442, 358, 463, 467, 470, 529
Shaʿban 458
Hilāl ibn al-Muḥassin al-Ṣābī 421
Hilli, Sayyid Salih 448
Ḥimṣ 130
Ḥimyarite 139n196, 384
Hind bint ʿUtbah 360, 397
Hindu(s) 30
Ḥīrah 78, 170, 283, 299, 503, 532, 557
history passim
historian 41, 43n68, 50, 52, 54, 85, 316, 414
historical report(s) (khabar, akhbār) 12, 26, 28, 43, 45, 62, 408, 562
historiography 16, 42, 45, 56
Hollywood 331
homily, homiletic (waʿẓ /mawʿiẓah) 13, 14, 49, 140, 176, 266, 321, 416, 424, 487, 498n2, 499, 501, 503, 505, 507, 509, 517, 521, 523, 535, 537, 539, 541, 543, 545, 547, 556, 558, 562, 563
honesty 243, 339
honor/able, dishonor/able
death 169, 213, 279, 300, 301
miscellaneous mentions re. 116, 151, 171, 177, 236, 260, 296, 299, 301, 302, 304, 309, 314, 371, 381, 391, 396, 399
hope 92, 135, 254, 320, 324, 346
(false) 153, 154, 158, 160, 233, 241, 257, 268
long/short 247
worldly 233, 236, 247, 268
horse(s)
horseback 195–197, 201, 227, 292, 323, 325–326, 330
general mentions re. 112, 115, 116, 117, 122, 131, 144, 159, 163, 195, 196, 197, 217, 220, 224, 225, 292, 312, 315
horsemen 111, 315, 362
horserace 116, 159, 161, 162
Ḥubāb ibn al-Mundhir al-Anṣārī 76n59, 120, 143, 148, 518, 555
Ḥudaybiyyah 173
Ḥudhayfah ibn al-Yamān 178, 518, 555, 558
Ḥujr ibn ʿAdī 179, 555
Ḥujr ibn al-Ḥārith 171
human(s), human beings 3, 4, 7, 9, 23, 24, 30, 63, 77, 80, 81, 91, 93, 106, 107, 121, 123, 125, 128, 137, 146, 147, 229, 231, 237, 240, 244, 246, 248, 253, 254, 259, 264, 273, 274, 292, 311, 355, 403
Ḥurqūṣ ibn Zuhayr al-Saʿdī 180, 555
Ḥurr ibn Yazīd al-Yarbūʿī 87, 140, 187, 196, 225, 227, 518, 519, 555
al-Ḥurrah al-Malikah 425
Ḥusayn ibn ‘Alī
analysis of full oration by 216–228
oration-texts 217–220, 252, 301–302, 309
miscellaneous re. life, martyrdom, and orations 50, 51, 68, 74n40, 79, 80, 82, 86, 87, 104, 111, 115n95, 122n130, 131, 166, 178, 184, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 194, 196, 202, 203, 213, 215, 216–227, 285, 294, 310, 323, 325, 337, 348, 350, 384, 391, 393, 394n33, 397, 398, 399, 404, 405, 417n45, 448, 449, 450, 453, 459, 462, 463, 471n78, 480, 518, 519, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558, 559, 560, 561
see also Mosques in: Cairo (Ḥusayn); martyr: Ḥusayn as martyr
Ḥuṣayn al-Numayrī 39n51
husband 109, 175, 180, 384, 385, 386, 398, 401, 533, 557
Hyderabad 460n59, 463
hyena 122, 144n216
hypocrite(s), hypocrisy (nifāq) 79, 106, 124, 176, 181, 190, 211, 214, 233, 236, 262, 305, 348, 360, 363, 365, 367, 387, 389, 390, 395
Ibn ʿAbbād al-Rundī 420
Ibn Abī Burdah ibn Abī Mūsā l-Ashʿarī 233, 367
Ibn Abī Muʿīṭ see ʿUqbah ibn Abī Muʿīṭ
Ibn al-Ashʿath al-Kindī 86n108, 122, 185, 198, 303, 503, 509, 520, 554, 555
Ibn al-Ḥanafiyyah, Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥanafiyyah 82, 109n62, 187, 188, 244n60, 310, 375, 526, 531, 557
Ibn al-Kawwāʾ 150
Ibn al-Zubayr see ʿAbdallāh ibn al-Zubayr
Ibn Masʿūd
oration-text 262–263
miscellaneous re. life 555
Ibn Muljam (or Muljim) 212
Ibn Muṭīʿ see ʿAbdallāh ibn Muṭīʿ
Ibn Nubātah al-Khaṭīb 8, 413, 414, 420, 422, 428, 469
Ibn al-Zubayr see ʿAbdallāh ibn al-Zubayr
Ibrāhīm ibn al-Ashtar
oration-text 315
miscellaneous re. orations and career 122, 520, 555
Ibrāhīm ibn Jabalah 423
identity 10, 57, 139, 165, 169–191, 221, 294, 311, 383–385, 433, 434, 455, 456
ideology, ideologies, ideological 5n4, 39, 62, 78, 91, 97, 128, 225, 445, 446, 468n72, 473, 477, 483
idol(s) 109, 172, 306, 386
ʿIkrishah bint al-Aṭash 178, 295, 384, 396, 399, 520, 556
imagery, image(s) 7, 8, 19, 22, 26, 27, 33, 35, 54, 63, 91, 92, 102, 114–128, 133, 159, 162, 163, 164, 209, 211, 229, 237, 238, 240, 241, 246, 250, 256, 280, 292, 308, 326, 338, 352, 365, 366, 395, 396, 408, 409, 421, 422, 435, 441, 453, 454, 471, 481
imaginary see takhyīl
imam(s) 17, 31, 57, 107, 168, 187, 188, 189, 221, 225, 276, 307, 310, 335, 341n19, 351, 415, 420, 424, 425, 426, 427, 432, 450, 451, 452, 453, 463, 474, 475, 476, 484, 554, 555, 556, 561
imamate 49, 214, 420n56
imam-hatip school 464, 465, 470, 473
imperial, empire 2, 12, 13, 41, 10, 169, 182, 184, 293, 303, 408, 416, 417, 424, 425, 454, 465, 466, 471n78, 472
improvisation, improvise 198, 208, 397, 415, 446
see also spontaneity
Imruʾ al-Qays 7n13, 33n31, 123, 138, 139, 140, 171, 365, 511
India/n 3, 23, 29, 61, 207, 286n35, 401, 429n94, 433, 434, 435n4, 456–463, 464, 471, 473, 474, 480, 481
Indonesia/n 434
influence (of and by oration) 2, 8, 19, 36, 51, 91, 147, 165, 167, 169, 175, 198, 406–431, 432–485
innovation, innovator 24, 69, 72, 90, 202, 339, 345, 347, 445, 454
inscription(s) 36–37, 39, 40
inspire(d), inspiring, inspiration 61, 163, 185, 207, 231, 423, 432, 469
integrity 236, 339
Iqbal, Mohammad 460
Iran, Iranian 174, 205, 293, 295, 359, 434, 454, 473, 474–476, 480, 481, 483, 557, 559
Persia/n(s) 11, 12, 41, 42, 60, 61, 85, 169, 170, 171n18, 176, 206, 207, 213, 307, 353, 355, 359, 407, 409, 454, 457, 471, 474, 475, 476, 483, 509, 511, 531, 533, 537, 554, 557, 561
Iraq/i(s) 11, 12, 28, 31, 41, 50, 73, 76, 77, 78, 79, 87, 88, 89, 107, 110, 111, 112, 117, 120, 121, 122, 124, 127, 130, 132, 136, 137, 146, 148, 151, 164, 169, 174, 176, 177, 180, 181, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 194, 196, 204, 213, 216, 222, 233, 277, 286, 293, 295, 301, 303, 304, 306, 307, 308, 309, 311, 326, 327, 337, 345, 348, 349, 351, 352, 355, 358, 359, 361, 362, 363, 365, 366, 367, 384, 408, 420, 423, 425, 433, 447–455, 456, 463, 474, 475, 479, 481, 483, 487, 493, 495, 499, 503, 511, 512, 514, 515, 517, 518, 520, 521, 522, 526, 537, 541, 548, 549, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558, 559, 560, 561
see also Baghdad; Basra; Kufa
İSAM (İslam Araştırmaları Merkezi) 466, 468, 469
ISIS, Daesh 448, 449, 450, 452, 453–455, 477, 481, 483
Islam/ic, Muslim(s) passim
Islamophobia 312
Ismāʿīl ibn (Prophet) Ibrāhīm 170, 379
isnād (chain of transmission) 27, 28, 57, 58, 562
Israel, Israelite(s) 3, 40, 41, 445, 447, 476, 480, 481
Istanbul 413, 465, 466, 470, 472
ʿIyāḍ ibn Mūsā 415
Jābir ibn ʿAbdallāh al-Anṣārī 218
Jaʿfar ibn Abī Ṭālib (al-Ṭayyār) 218, 222
Jaʿfar al-Ḥājib 426
Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq 51, 57, 341n19, 556
Jaʿfar ibn Sulaymān 284, 285
Jamaat-e-Islami Hind 457
Jamīl 135, 139, 140, 286
Janab tribe 192, 381, 520
jarḥ wa-taʿdīl (impugning and validation) 57
Jarīr ibn ʿAbdallāh al-Bajalī 179, 302, 520, 523, 547, 556, 561
Jawhar al-Ṣiqillī 415
Jesus 4, 61
jewel(s), jeweled 101, 241, 415
Jews, Jewish 37, 38, 41, 42, 93, 173, 204, 225, 343, 374, 375, 384, 386, 389, 445, 473, 474, 480, 481, 515, 534, 535
jihad 33, 92n3, 120, 123, 173, 189, 235, 236, 283, 290, 298, 299, 312, 316, 319, 320, 324, 325, 326, 337, 396, 477
see also battle oration (khuṭbat al-jihād)
Jīlānī (or Gīlānī), ʿAbd al-Qādir 471
jinn, majnūn 9, 416
jizyah tax 343
journey/ed, travelers, traveling 37, 61, 95, 96, 115, 116, 123, 127, 143, 145, 151, 153, 159, 160, 232, 240, 250, 254, 257, 271, 281, 356, 381, 389n35, 395, 422, 555
judge, judgment, judging 53, 121, 125, 137, 138, 146, 150, 169, 170, 171, 180, 193, 194, 263, 266n144, 305, 341, 372, 380, 387, 388, 412, 414, 415, 416, 419, 474, 553, 558
judgment day 220, 225, 258, 272, 323, 325, 358, 399
see also God: knowledge, wisdom, judgment of
Judhām tribe 185
Juhaynah tribe 143
Jumayḥ ibn Sharīd al-Taghlibī 143
jurist, jurisprudence, jurisprudential 2, 12, 16, 49, 103, 135, 150, 266n144, 276, 277, 286, 291, 320n97, 342, 378, 414, 419, 440, 444, 445, 448, 456, 457, 464, 468, 475
just/ice, injust/ice, fair/ness 34, 82, 83, 113, 120, 137, 146, 178, 184, 186, 212, 217, 270, 299, 307, 336, 337, 339, 342, 343, 344, 354, 358, 374, 375, 376, 377, 390, 392, 399, 405, 442, 443, 461, 471, 478, 481
just war 311, 312
juxtaposition 129, 134, 149–151, 159, 162, 163, 252, 262
Kaʿb ibn Luwayy 170, 237, 411, 520, 556
Kaʿbah 7, 74, 80, 95, 121, 170, 173, 196, 237, 377, 519, 521, 529
custodianship of 370, 555
Kafr el-Sheikh 446
Kairouan 197n136, 426, 477, 478
Karbala 448, 449, 450, 453, 509, 518
see also Battle of: Karbala; Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī; Zaynab bint ʿAlī
Karbalai, Abdul Mahdi 450
Kathīr ibn Shihāb al-Ḥārithī 119, 350, 520, 556
kātib, kuttāb, scribe(s), scribal 19n28, 38, 39, 41, 42, 129, 149, 152, 164, 406, 407, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 413, 414, 418, 420, 423, 429, 430, 431, 562
scribe’s culture (adab al-kātib) 409, 412, 562
Khadījah bint Khuwaylid 41, 72, 74, 181, 379, 495
Khaled, Amr 443, 444
Khālid ibn ʿAbdallāh al-Qaṣrī
oration-text 351
miscellaneous re. orations and career 29, 82, 86, 183, 199, 208, 278, 411, 440n18, 520
Khālid ibn Muʿammar al-Shaybānī 294, 522
Khālid ibn Saʿd 38n49, 39n50, 187, 310, 556
Khālid ibn Ṣafwān 189, 208, 266, 556
Khālid ibn al-Walīd 144n215, 176, 315, 522, 556
Khamenei, Ayatollah 475
Khan El Khalili 438
Khansāʾ 397, 402, 403
Khanthar ibn ʿUbaydah 140, 522, 556
Khārijites
Azraqī 78, 87, 184, 200, 268, 297, 302, 324n110, 367, 533, 551, 552, 557, 561
general mentions of 12, 17, 68, 76, 77, 97, 127, 131, 133, 134, 146, 150, 163, 179, 180, 185, 186, 189, 190, 200, 206, 212, 213, 214, 229, 237, 253n97, 254, 264, 267, 268, 282, 293, 295, 297, 298, 299, 301, 304, 309, 313, 317, 321, 323, 324n112, 327, 355, 356, 361, 362, 367, 377, 411, 426, 439, 454, 487, 489, 493, 501, 515, 523, 525, 527, 533, 537, 552, 553, 555, 556, 558, 559, 560, 561
Ḥarūriyyah 362
Ṣufriyyah 189, 203, 303, 549
Khazraj tribe 77, 390n26, 391, 555, 559
Khindif ibn al-Ḥārith al-Thaqafī 171
Khoei, Ayatollah 448
Khomeini, Ayatollah 475, 483
Khurasan 45, 112, 185, 191, 297, 310, 323n107, 326, 474, 494, 534, 557, 558, 560
khuṭbah
(the term) 13–14, 24, 30, 44n74, 50, 177n2, 266, 291, 381, 406, 422, 437, 562
khaṭīb, khuṭabāʾ (orator, preacher) 8, 13, 416, 430n100, 437, 440, 448, 464, 562
khaṭābah, khiṭābah (practice of oration) 1, 13, 14, 47n83, 429, 430, 464, 562
khuṭbah batrāʾ or shawhāʾ (maimed or disfigured oration) 73, 130
see also accession speech; battle oration (khuṭbat al-jihād); Friday sermon (khuṭbat al-jumʿah); Eid sermon (khuṭbat al-ʿīd); eulogy (burial oration); legislative/legal oration; marriage oration (khuṭbat al-nikāḥ/al-zawāj); pious counsel sermon (khuṭbat al-waʿẓ); political speech (khuṭbah siyāsiyyah); rain-prayer oration (khuṭbat al-istisqāʾ); succession speech; women’s orations; vaunt oration (mufākharah, fakhr, munāfarah)
Khuzāʿah tribe 126, 170, 171, 294, 280, 519, 522, 552
kill/ed, killing: passim
see also murder
Kinānah tribe 554
Kindah tribe 554, 555
kin/ship, blood ties 19, 180, 196, 227, 236, 325, 341, 383, 384, 397–400, 402, 404, 405
lineage, genealogy 10, 77, 82, 140, 144, 170, 180, 181, 186, 187, 188, 190, 211, 218, 221, 222, 223, 227, 374, 397, 398, 399, 400, 402
kināyah (type of figurative expression) 116, 118, 122, 562
king(s) 7n13, 36, 45n76, 74n41, 99, 170, 171, 315, 327, 384, 412n25, 416, 474, 497, 515, 535, 557
omnipotent king (God) 78, 89, 101, 110, 250, 371, 470
King, Martin Luther 333
Kisrā (Chosroes), Persian monarch 170, 171n18, 359, 454, 513, 533
knowledge 3, 10, 30, 31, 34, 41, 53, 70, 99, 104, 114, 122, 231, 287, 341, 349n36, 372, 374, 375, 376, 378, 413
Kufa/n(s) 12, 28, 48, 69, 78, 79, 80, 81, 84, 86, 100, 107, 119, 120, 124, 137, 143, 152, 158, 163, 179, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 190, 193, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 221, 222, 223, 234, 225, 227, 253, 277, 279, 280, 283, 285, 293, 294, 295, 297, 299, 303, 309, 310, 315, 319, 323n107, 325, 326, 327, 333, 343, 344, 347, 350, 360, 361, 362, 364, 365, 367, 384, 398, 405, 425, 451, 454, 486, 488, 490, 494, 495, 498, 500, 502, 504, 506, 508, 509, 510, 512, 514, 515, 516, 517, 519, 520, 521, 524, 526, 527, 530, 532, 534, 536, 538, 540, 544, 546, 548, 550, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558, 559, 560, 561
Kumayt 74, 233, 449
Lakhmid 99, 557
language register
classical passim
colloquial/vernacular 147, 148, 436, 444, 446, 449, 451, 453, 476, 478, 481
general mentions of 8, 146–151, 161, 163, 164, 396, 419, 435, 436, 444, 446
other specific categories of 436 (bilingual); 146 (diglossia); 58 (Middle Arabic); 444, 446, 476 (modern standard); 36 (Old Arabic); 147, 161 (poetic koine)
see also dialect(s); oral
lark 416
Latin 13n25, 24, 36, 53, 62, 112, 149, 241, 563
law/ful, unlawful, legal, illegal, licit, illicit 12, 13, 17, 45, 47, 49, 60, 113, 150, 173, 174, 175, 186, 194, 218, 221, 223, 243, 247, 255, 256, 276n5, 302, 306, 316, 337, 345, 346, 349, 365, 368, 369n2, 371, 377, 380, 403, 404, 412n23, 414, 419, 432, 444, 457, 462, 466, 472
see also Shariʿah
leader(s) passim
leadership 1, 10, 12, 77, 166, 167, 169, 170, 174, 175, 180, 183, 187, 188, 227, 228, 282, 294, 313, 315, 320, 333, 358–359, 365, 372, 380, 383, 384, 399, 403, 404, 425, 439
see also chief/tain(s)
learning passim
Lebanon 434, 454, 473, 474, 476–477, 479, 481, 483
lectern/podium 436, 447, 449, 451, 453
legal schools (Sunni)
general mention of 276n5, 414
particular schools 433, 436, 456, 460, 461, 464, 471n78, 480 (Ḥanafī); 445, 468, 473 (Ḥanbalī); 433 (Mālikī); 49, 414, 433 (Shāfiʿī)
legislative/legal oration 1, 2, 11, 13, 19, 61, 81, 168, 174, 175, 203, 236, 290, 320n96, 369–372, 382, 543
legitimation 181, 182n76, 191, 397, 483
Leitwort 27
letters see epistle
Levant 41
lexicography, lexicographer 27, 42, 409, 419n50, 430n100
licit, illicit see lawful, unlawful
life passim
lifespan(s) 115, 116, 139, 161, 183, 234n28, 258, 270, 300
lifestyle 40, 237, 280, 349n36, 419
lifeworld 5, 7, 22, 91, 114, 124, 149, 209, 240, 326, 349, 395
light 71, 109, 115, 123, 125, 126, 128, 136, 236, 238, 271, 360
liminality 402
Lincoln, Abraham 312, 333
lineage, genealogy see kinship: lineage, genealogy
linen 149
lion(s) 118, 308, 313, 326, 360, 459
literacy, illiteracy 3, 4, 15, 30, 37, 38n48, 40, 41, 43, 45, 46, 47, 53, 54, 60, 162, 349, 406, 407–408, 432
literary criticism 16, 17, 19, 47, 49, 407, 427, 429–430, 431
liturgy, liturgical 38, 264, 281, 380, 432, 436, 456, 461, 464, 474, 476, 481
lizard 122
loan(s) 87, 89, 126, 354, 379
locust 122, 123, 208, 308
logical 7, 13n26, 55, 61, 92, 126, 163, 409, 412n23, 417, 430, 435, 448, 457
Lord, Albert 4, 25, 29
loyal/ty, disloyal/ty 76, 242, 246, 309, 310, 395
Lucknow 456
Luqmān 267
machine gun 435, 477
Madāʾin (Ctesiphon) 111, 112, 203, 213, 321, 496, 512, 516, 532, 536, 538, 555, 557
Madāʾin Ṣāliḥ (Ḥijr) 37
Madhḥij tribe 127, 545, 556, 561
madrasa 435, 448, 456, 457, 460, 483
magical 40, 41
Maharashtra 457, 458
Mahdī (Abbasid caliph) 149
Mahdī, al-Mahdī al-Muntaẓar, messiah 188, 452, 480
Anṣār al-Mahdī (Allies of the Mahdī), Mahdi Army (Jaysh al-Mahdī) 451, 452, 453
Mahdī Seminary 452
Mahdia 477, 478
majālis 428, 562
majālis al-ḥikmah (assemblies of wisdom) 423
al-majlis al-Ḥusaynī 463
Malaysia/n 434
male 10n22, 17, 19, 89, 121, 171, 180, 187, 204, 216, 244, 295, 305, 381, 383, 384, 385, 392, 396, 397–400, 402, 405, 435, 447, 453, 554
Mālik ibn Anas 45, 80, 163, 176
Mālik ibn Dīnār 164
Mālik ibn al-Ḥārith al-Ashtar 77, 124, 128, 133, 178, 179, 188, 195, 294, 298, 301, 313, 315, 325, 440n18, 522, 525, 554, 555, 556, 561
Mālik ibn Namaṭ 556
maledictions see curses
Maʾmūn (Abbasid caliph) 11, 277, 410, 411, 429, 439, 440n18, 522, 556
Maʾmūn al-Ḥārithī
oration-text 127
miscellaneous mentions re. preaching 79, 126, 170, 237, 238, 264, 440n18, 522, 556
Mansoura 445, 446
Manṣūr (Abbasid caliph) 135, 137n191, 191, 214, 215, 285, 343, 411, 416n43, 440n18, 524, 556, 558
Manṣūr (Fatimid imam-caliph) 420, 426
Manṣūr ibn ʿAmmār 376
manuscript(s) 34, 39, 46, 372, 408
maqām, maqāmāt (admonishment) 14, 189, 208, 265–266, 267, 562
Maqāmāt (prose genre) 268, 406, 421, 427–429, 431, 562
Marrakesh 415, 520
marriage oration (khuṭbat al-nikāḥ/al-zawāj) 19, 33, 72, 82, 369, 378–380, 382, 458, 495, 517, 562
martyr/dom 44, 47, 88, 89, 213, 221, 222, 263, 280, 321, 378, 384, 391n27, 401, 402, 463, 469, 476, 555, 558
Ḥusayn as martyr 80, 186, 188, 213, 301, 302, 555
prince of martyrs (sayyid al-shuhadāʾ) 218, 221, 555
Marwān ibn al-Ḥakam 49n86, 198, 202, 337, 357, 359, 535
Marwān ibn al-Muhallab 190, 233, 524
materialism see worldliness
mathal, pl. amthāl see proverbs
Maududi, Abul Ala 457
mawlā (master) 174, 334n3, 335
maxim(s) 171, 238, 260, 262, 410, 440, 562
Māzin tribe 268, 560
Mecca/n 9, 12, 41, 42, 44, 66, 72, 80, 87, 89, 95, 102, 111, 132, 135, 144, 145, 148, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 177, 182, 183, 188, 191, 196, 197, 199, 200, 201, 205, 212, 213, 215, 222, 235, 236, 237, 238, 283, 284, 285, 286, 290, 293, 315, 320, 351, 360, 369n2, 390, 397, 399, 421, 455, 468, 473, 474, 481, 486, 488, 492, 494, 495, 496, 512, 518, 520, 524, 526, 527, 529, 534, 544, 553, 554, 555, 556, 559, 560
medieval passim
Medina/n(s) 12, 32, 38, 40, 41, 49n86, 66, 70, 72, 76, 77, 79, 87, 101, 113, 117, 120, 149, 163, 172, 173, 174, 182, 183, 185, 188, 189, 191, 195, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 204, 211, 254, 275, 277, 278, 280, 285, 286, 290, 291, 293, 294, 295, 303, 316, 336, 337, 338, 347, 355, 357, 359, 361, 362, 366, 390, 398, 416, 445, 459, 473, 474, 481, 486, 488, 489, 490, 492, 493, 494, 496, 510, 512, 518, 519, 520, 522, 524, 526, 528, 530, 532, 534, 538, 540, 542, 544, 546, 548, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558, 559, 560, 561
memory
general mentions re. 4, 29–30, 54, 55, 61, 129, 419, 457, 465, 467
memorize, memorization, memory training 4, 15, 21, 22, 23, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 35, 39, 53, 54, 63, 135, 152, 164, 208, 409, 410, 411, 413, 414, 420, 429, 431, 448, 457, 465, 472, 475, 476, 478, 483, 484
memorizer(s) (ḥuffāẓ) 28, 562
memory palace (method of loci) 24
memory variants 33–35, 51
mnemonic, memory device(s), memory systems 4–5, 24, 29, 41, 93
Mesopotamia/n 29, 40
metaphorical 1, 71, 114, 115–124, 125, 366, 435, 562
metaphor (istiʿārah) 116, 117, 118, 120, 121, 122, 159, 160, 162, 235n30, 240, 250, 297, 326, 331, 366, 395, 425, 444, 481, 562
extended metaphor (tamthīl) 116, 117, 563
meter/ed, metrical 5, 6, 7, 8, 25, 26, 32, 35, 54, 93, 95, 99, 100, 105, 140, 276, 418
see also rajaz
metonymy (type of majāz mursal) 4–7, 116, 119, 120, 311, 428, 562
Mexican 442
Middle/Near East/ern 3, 12, 17, 40, 62, 432, 433, 435n3, 436, 455
see also East/ern
Middle Persian (Pahlavi) 41, 42
migration, immigration, emigration (hijrah) 172, 201, 204, 286, 354, 559
militarist, militant 189, 445–446, 451, 455, 457, 473, 479, 481, 483
military 1, 9, 11, 12, 13, 17, 40, 42, 78, 81, 82, 84, 86–87, 89, 146, 168, 169, 171, 175, 176, 179, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 190, 192, 193, 194, 199, 205, 253, 258, 263, 264, 278, 282, 283, 292–332, 333, 337, 347, 349, 355, 361, 367, 368, 401, 424, 431, 432, 433, 445, 450, 453, 462, 476
Minā 80, 172, 201, 492, 526, 528
minbar see pulpit
Ministry/Minister of Religious Endowments (Wizārat al-Awqāf) 432n1, 436, 437, 438, 442
mnemonic see memory
model sermons 16, 26, 67, 164, 410, 414, 419, 420, 421, 422, 434, 439, 457, 458, 461, 462, 464, 466, 474
monasteries 38
monotheist(s) 170, 229, 238, 285, 374, 558
moral/ity 120, 169, 170, 171, 181, 205, 230, 254, 263, 272, 282, 296, 303, 311, 318–321, 332, 467, 469
immorality 232, 248, 306, 345, 363, 365, 370, 403, 442
morphological 94, 97, 99, 100, 101, 155, 562
Morsi, Mohamed 436, 445
Moses, Prophet 4, 61, 192, 230, 237, 415
mosque (masjid) 11, 12, 13n26, 69, 79, 194, 197, 198, 201, 211, 214, 248, 305, 353, 362, 416, 417, 420, 424, 426, 435n4, 436, 437, 443, 444, 445, 446, 457, 460, 462, 464, 465, 466, 469, 471, 472, 473, 474, 477, 478, 484, 560
mosques in
Cairo 415 (Anwar/Ḥākim); 416, 436, 440, 442, 444 (Azhar); 438, 442, 444 (Ḥusayn)
Damascus 341 (Grand Umayyad)
India 460, 474 (Deobandh, Rasheed Masjid); 460n60 (Hyderabad, Hibatul Jabbar); 463 (Kanpur, Shiʿa Jama Masjid Juhi Safed Colony); 457 (Mumbai, Minara Masjid); 459 (Mumbai, Phoolwali Masjid Tokra Gali Dongri); 460 (Surat Safai Masjid)
Jerusalem 474 (Aqsa); 37, 39 (Dome of the Rock)
Kufa 451 (Grand)
Mecca 286, 351, 468, 473 (Sacred/Great)
Medina 197n137, 198, 199, 201, 474 (Grand Mosque of the Prophet Muḥammad)
Minā 526 (Khayf)
Mosul 477 (Nuri)
Sanaa 443 (Ṣāliḥ)
Turkey 470 (Ankara, Kocatepe); Bursa 470 (Grand); 469 (Diyarbakir, Dicle University); 469 (Edirne, Selimiye); 472 (Istanbul, Bayezit); 465, 468, 471 (Istanbul, Çilehane Üsküdar); 466, 468 (Istanbul, Fatih); 468 (Istanbul, Süleymaniye); 465, 469 (Istanbul, Sultanahmet/Blue); 470 (Istanbul, Sümbül Efendi)
mother/hood 107, 110, 113, 115, 126, 150, 187, 221, 223, 238, 241, 248, 253, 258, 265, 327, 360, 388n23, 389, 396, 397, 398, 554
grandmother, great grandmother 181, 248
mother of the faithful 150
motif(s) 19, 26, 188, 245, 246, 254, 278, 297, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 344, 403, 411
motivate, motivation 17, 93, 244, 296, 297, 308, 327, 381
Muʿādh ibn al-Jabal 39, 103, 177, 244, 321, 323, 324n108, 353, 524, 556
Muʿādh ibn Juwayn 76n53, 189, 295, 524, 556
muʿallaqah, muʿallaqāt 33, 37n44, 54, 137, 139, 170, 171, 365, 554, 557, 562
muʿāraḍah 79
Muʿāwiyah ibn Abī Sufyān
oration-text 336
miscellaneous re. orations and caliphate 39n49–52, 45n75, 49n86, 51, 67, 73n35, 74, 77, 78, 80, 85, 86, 116, 119, 124, 137, 140, 141, 142, 145, 150, 164, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 190, 193, 196, 197, 199, 200, 202, 206, 210, 211, 214, 215, 216, 277, 281, 283, 286, 294, 295, 299, 304, 305, 306, 307, 313, 314, 315, 318, 319, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 345, 352, 358, 359, 360, 361, 384, 393, 396, 397, 399, 408, 411, 417, 440, 460, 487, 489, 493, 495, 499, 501, 503, 511, 517, 519, 524, 533, 537, 539, 547, 549, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558, 559, 560, 561
Muʿāwiyah ibn Yazīd 182, 526, 535
Mubarak, Hosni 436, 437, 438, 446, 447
Mubarak, Suzanne 435, 447
mufti 460n60, 466, 467
Mufti Ismail (Turkish: Müftü) 466, 467, 468, 469, 472
Mughīrah ibn Shuʿbah 39n51, 68, 74n41, 137, 183, 360, 526, 533, 557
Muḥammad (Prophet)
analysis of full oration by 286–291
oration-texts 66, 67, 231, 239–240, 244–245, 287–289, 316, 320, 334–335, 369–370, 371–372
citations and 1–2 line quotes of his orations in this volume 9, 31, 34, 36, 74n40–41, 75n51, 80, 81, 82, 87, 102, 103, 104, 108, 111, 115n90, 133, 134, 148, 151, 172–174, 196, 197, 198, 202, 203, 212, 231n6, 236, 241n56, 256n106, 258n108, 260n127, 261n133, 262, 275, 276, 277, 278, 283, 286n35, 291, 320n96, 399n44, 455, 481, 493, 526–531
mention/praise/memorization of his orations 8, 17, 31, 32, 51, 52, 56, 57, 135, 144, 163, 168, 192, 193, 201, 204, 230, 267, 290, 369, 410, 411, 412, 426n86, 432, 439, 440, 441, 445, 459
epistles of 38n48, 39, 74n45, 130, 408, 422n72, 562
God’s messenger 9, 28, 68, 80, 83, 86, 108, 131, 132, 133, 134, 143, 144, 145, 172, 174, 176, 181, 183, 191, 215, 218, 221, 227, 238, 279, 290, 291, 297, 305, 306, 320, 324, 334, 335, 356, 357–358, 360, 362, 386, 389, 390, 391, 392, 395, 399, 442, 459
life and career of 11, 12, 41, 43n67, 44, 58, 71, 72, 74, 77n62, 172–174, 175, 178, 181, 192, 198, 197, 202, 211, 222, 229, 238, 286, 290, 293, 335, 336, 354, 359, 360n69, 374, 377, 379, 385, 386, 389n25, 390–391n26, 395, 397, 399n44, 455, 495, 503, 519, 549, 553, 556, 557, 558, 559
praise of 37, 69, 75, 118, 124, 143, 180, 189, 221, 237, 279, 283, 344, 361, 379, 381, 388, 393, 394, 399, 443, 451
relatives of 178, 183, 218, 305, 360, 552, 553, 554, 561 (cousin); 68, 80, 81, 132, 133, 180, 187, 189, 190, 216, 218, 221, 227, 384, 392, 393, 394, 398, 399, 400, 410, 442, 450, 452, 453, 473, 480, 554, 555 (descendants /family); 7, 113, 169, 170, 171, 237, 380, 411, 552, 555, 556 (forebears); 77n61, 107, 170, 172, 190, 202, 237, 360, 370, 379, 411, 455, 459, 460, 480, 553 (uncle); 52, 295, 480, 553, 554 (wives)
miscellaneous re. 4, 70, 131, 427, 452, 556
see also blessings: invocation of / ṣalawāt; Companion(s) of the Prophet; God: messenger of; hadith; Hajj: Muḥammad’s last pilgrimage sermon; Sunnah
Muḥammad ibn al-Ashʿath 220n238
Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Jabbār 414
Muḥammad ibn Abī Bakr
oration-text 344–345
miscellaneous re. career and orations 179, 249, 501, 526, 557
Muḥammad ibn Abī Jahm al-ʿAdawī al-Qurashī 78n71
Muḥammad al-Bāqir 57
Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥanafiyyah see Ibn al-Ḥanafiyyah
Muḥammad ibn Sulaymān 280
Muḥārib tribe 556
Muharram see Hijri months: Muharram
Muʿizz (Fatimid imam-caliph) 415, 420
mukhaḍram/ah 139, 147, 387, 562
Mukhtār al-Thaqafī
oration-text 69
miscellaneous re. career and orations 68, 76n55, 78, 185, 187, 188, 190, 215, 293, 310, 315, 489, 491, 521, 527, 530, 547, 552, 554, 556, 557, 558, 560
Mumbai 372, 457, 458, 459, 461
murder, assassination 50, 86, 171, 177, 180, 182, 247, 306, 340, 360, 369, 370, 401, 477, 557
Murrah tribe 557
Mūsā ibn Nuṣayr 327
Muṣʿab ibn al-Zubayr 87, 88, 89, 132, 137, 200, 244, 286, 440n18, 489, 530, 533, 557
Musayyab ibn Najabah al-Fazārī 82
music /theory 1, 16, 22, 23, 27, 93n5
Muslim(s) passim
Muslim Brotherhood 439, 445, 446, 483
Muslim ibn ʿAqīl 119, 194, 216, 220, 222, 224, 350, 556
Muslim ibn ʿAwsajah 217
Muslim ibn ʿUbays 185, 302, 532, 557
Muslim ibn ʿUqbah 77, 185, 303, 532, 557
mustard water 360
Mustawrid ibn ʿUllifah al-Taymī 76, 180, 189, 532, 537, 557
Muʿtaḍid 86, 417
Mutalammis 137, 139, 140
Muṭarrif ibn Mughīrah ibn Shuʿbah 68, 532, 557
Mutawakkil 409
Muʿtazilite(s) 36, 48, 112, 130, 193, 208, 237, 264, 334, 374, 375, 376, 417, 423, 445, 560
Nabatean 36
Nābighah al-Dhubyānī 137, 139, 140, 557
Naḍīr tribe 445, 481
Naḍr ibn Kinānah 170
Nahd tribe 174, 559
Nāʾilah bint al-Farāfiṣah 244, 384, 394, 397, 398, 401, 532, 557
Najaf 448, 449, 450, 451, 452
Najrān 7, 38, 43, 170, 238, 384, 400, 534, 555, 557, 558
Namārah text 36
Napoleon 311
narrative(s), narrate, narration, narrator 4, 6, 9, 16, 21, 24, 25, 26–29, 35, 38, 39, 42, 43, 45, 47, 51, 59, 62, 63, 75, 91, 92n3, 105, 132, 145, 146, 169, 211, 217, 233, 285, 296, 311, 313, 321, 334, 341, 348, 354, 362, 364, 375, 403, 404, 409, 412, 415, 420, 434, 479, 552, 562
Naṣr ibn Ḥajjāj 141
Nasrallah, Hasan 476, 479, 483
Nasser, Gamal Abdel 437, 447
nature, natural 102, 109, 114–128, 148, 149, 164, 171, 237, 238, 239, 292, 380, 408, 421, 441, 453, 481
neck-irons 116
neural, neuronal, neuroscientists 22, 23, 29
New Testament 61
Niditch, Susan 4, 6, 27, 29, 40, 41
Nigeria 434, 473, 478–479
Noah (Ar. Nūḥ), prophet 217n230
noble(s), nobility 10, 79, 88, 137, 144, 169, 170, 171, 194, 199, 216, 225, 226, 227, 262, 263, 279, 309, 336, 343, 350, 361, 363, 375, 379, 400, 402, 426, 470, 474, 554, 555, 556, 557
normative 112, 113, 410, 484
North Africa/n 12, 41, 199, 204, 293, 295, 327, 328, 407, 489
Nukhaylah 196, 201
Nuʿmān ibn Bashīr 179, 183, 285, 503, 532, 535, 557
Nuʿmān ibn Mundhir 99, 170, 532, 557
oath(s) 9, 54, 55, 108, 109, 110, 125, 126, 128, 171, 192, 282, 366, 380, 396
see also pledge/oath of allegiance
Obama, Barack 92n2, 333
obedience, disobedience 167n6, 179, 282, 307, 337, 338, 343, 347, 351, 356, 398, 483, 521
see also God: obedience or disobedience of
Odysseus 25
official 13, 146, 147, 168, 174, 175, 195, 199, 206, 265, 408, 409, 416, 421, 436, 437, 438, 446, 448, 450, 460, 468, 475
see also chancery official
Okasha, Muhammad 445
Old Testament 60
Ong, Walter 4, 5, 6, 22, 29, 30, 94, 104, 115, 432n1
oracle(s), oracular 369, 380–382, 383, 537, 549
see also soothsayer(s)
oral/ity
composition/delivery 22–26, 29, 65, 129, 207, 208, 257, 417, 423
genre(s) 7–9, 30, 53, 129, 265, 408
oral-poetry theory 25, 26
oral-written interface 19, 406–431, 416–424
orality, oral period, oral culture 1, 2–9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 18, 20, 21, 23, 24, 29–31, 35, 36, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 47, 53, 54, 55, 56, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 65, 91–164, 192, 228, 240, 265, 267, 332, 383, 394, 407, 408, 421, 552
post-oral 409, 413, 416, 416–424
primary 22, 60, 91, 114
residue 24, 349n36, 406, 418, 419, 435
secondary 432
testimony 41, 419
theory/studies 2, 16, 18, 61, 62, 104, 105, 114, 349
transmission 1, 3, 8, 15, 18, 21, 22–24, 25, 26–29, 30, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 40, 43, 45, 48, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 62, 63, 64, 72, 73, 75, 129, 147, 152, 291, 375, 562
oration(s), orator, oratory passim
orphan(s) 282, 328, 331, 338
oryx deer 115, 171
Ottoman 38n48, 413, 460, 464, 465, 469, 471, 472, 473
Oxus River 297
pacifist 450, 481
pagan 2, 9, 38, 41, 72, 89, 98, 139, 169, 202, 390, 534, 560
deities/gods 41, 72, 109, 311, 454
see also polytheist
Pahlavi
language see Middle Persian
regime 475
Pakistan 456, 457, 458
paper 3, 15, 46, 60, 407, 408, 425, 431
paper-making 45, 407
papyrus, papyri 3, 40, 44, 45, 58, 407
paradise
miscellaneous mentions of 94, 108, 123, 185, 235, 248, 255, 256, 299, 321, 326, 331, 340, 346, 362, 389
chiefs of the youth of paradise 218, 222, 223, 224, 226, 227, 394, 459
mistress of the women of paradise 459
paradise and hellfire 153, 154, 155, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 231, 245, 250, 257
the ten promised paradise 470, 480
parallelism (izdiwāj) 5, 7, 8, 22, 24, 32, 34, 44, 54, 79, 92, 93, 94–99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 110, 113, 128, 151, 153, 155, 156, 157, 158, 162, 163, 249, 331, 347, 352, 365, 380, 394, 395, 404n52, 406, 408, 409, 418, 421, 422, 423, 428, 431, 435, 447, 562, 563
parataxis, paratactic 5, 128
parchment 3, 40, 497, 423
paronomasia (jinās) 151, 562
Parry, Milman 4, 25, 29
path(s)
of good/evil 255, 256, 362, 364
metaphorical path (various) 98, 121, 184, 211, 235, 264, 284, 300, 346, 373
mountain paths 81, 139
straight/right/true path 153, 154, 159, 160, 184, 250, 307, 320, 338, 344, 364, 366, 378, 380, 390, 411, 474
see also God: path or cause of
pāṭha 29
patience 88, 319
see also endurance; fortitude
patriotism 311
pattern/ing 3, 5, 22, 23, 24, 25, 29, 65, 93–105, 129, 152, 155, 156, 163, 178, 191, 229, 257–263, 267, 274, 280, 383
pausal form 100
peace (salām)
oratorical theme 120, 194, 318, 434, 450, 517
greeting 86, 87, 277, 278, 394
Peace Companies (Sarāyā l-Salām) 451
treaty 180, 447
peers see audience of peers
Penitents/Repentants (tawwābūn) 82, 84, 111, 113, 122, 187, 193, 202, 205, 213, 293, 297, 310, 317, 323, 327, 533, 535, 539, 556, 557, 558, 559
performance, performative 3, 6, 18, 19, 22, 24, 25, 26, 28, 30, 35, 60, 81, 92, 105, 106, 111, 147, 158, 207, 209, 212, 221, 303, 321, 349, 377, 389n35, 424, 428, 431
Pericles 60
Persia/n(s) see Iran; Sassanid
persuasion, persuasive, persuade, convince, convincing 1, 2, 9, 10, 18, 19, 62, 65, 82, 90, 91, 92, 93, 101, 105, 112, 128, 133, 142, 146, 158, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167–168, 178, 184, 185, 190, 201, 205, 206, 210, 221, 222, 223, 294, 296, 297, 304, 308, 311, 323, 330, 355, 360, 380, 430, 435n3, 467, 481, 517
tacit persuasion 92, 163
petition(s) 212, 235, 285, 342, 347
Pharaoh 132, 368
philology, philological 16, 17, 31, 410, 412, 419, 439, 440, 448, 482
philosophy, philosophical, philosopher 16, 19, 59, 61, 147, 166, 290, 372, 430, 448, 457, 474, 476
piety/consciousness of God (taqwā) 8, 13, 26, 51, 81, 82, 103, 105, 112, 123, 126, 130, 152, 161, 168, 173, 175, 178, 186, 189, 190, 229–237, 238, 239, 240, 244, 245, 252, 254, 256, 257, 258, 259, 261, 262, 266, 269, 272, 274, 275, 278–282, 284, 285, 287, 288, 289, 290, 294, 319, 321, 324, 325, 331, 333, 337, 340, 345, 350, 354, 355, 356, 371, 372, 378, 397, 414, 435, 452, 460, 469, 470, 476, 478, 556
see also pious counsel; pious counsel sermon; provisions: “the best of provisions is piety”; taqwā
pig(s) 122, 123, 225
pilgrimage see Hajj
pious counsel (waʿẓ) 37, 75, 128, 278-282, 290, 291, 321–322, 334, 338, 354–357, 368, 373n7, 375, 401, 427n86, 474, 478, 479, 509
pious counsel sermon (khuṭbat al-waʿẓ) 2, 19, 26, 34, 51, 74, 76, 77, 81, 84, 101, 102, 105, 106, 109, 110, 112, 113, 115, 125, 126, 130, 131, 145, 147, 151, 152, 162, 168, 172, 173, 181, 189, 190, 210, 229–274, 278, 280, 333, 367, 410, 440, 458, 491, 554, 556, 562
pledge 237, 272, 273, 288, 340, 412
see also promise; God: reward (or promise) of
pledge/oath of allegiance (bayʿah) 171, 178, 180, 189, 213, 216, 220, 222, 224, 295, 309, 334, 335, 336, 337, 343, 344, 348, 350, 359, 367, 384, 487, 489, 511, 513, 519, 527, 541
Pledge of ʿAqabah (Bayʿat al-Aqabah) 202, 556, 559
pluralism 434, 482
poetry, poem(s), poet(s), ode(s) (qaṣīdah) 1, 4, 6, 7–9, 15, 19, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 30, 32, 33, 34, 37, 43, 45, 47, 50, 52, 54, 55, 60, 62, 71, 74, 81, 86, 91, 92, 93, 95, 105, 115, 129, 135–142, 144, 147, 161, 164, 181, 193, 200, 240, 241, 266, 285, 286, 290, 292, 322, 323, 331, 365, 384, 394, 397, 408, 412, 413, 414, 418, 424, 426, 427, 430, 432, 435, 440, 441, 443, 447, 448, 449, 460, 461, 471, 474, 479, 553, 562, 563
see also Zulu panegyrics
policy/making, policies 1, 9, 10, 11, 13, 76, 82, 165, 169, 175, 182, 184, 207, 215, 228, 282, 333, 334, 337, 343, 345, 353, 354, 355, 365, 368, 416, 425, 427, 460, 467, 473, 483, 541
politics, political passim
politician(s) 333, 432, 445, 473, 483
political speech (khuṭbah siyāsiyyah) 2, 19, 81, 333–368, 333n2, 562
polytheist(s) 131, 133, 173, 306, 324, 386, 390
Potomac 331, 332
power, powerful 9–13, 31, 42, 70, 112, 124, 125, 126, 133, 146, 165, 166, 167–168, 176, 179, 181, 182, 183, 190, 199, 206, 207, 228, 241, 269, 272, 273, 282, 285, 310, 312, 319, 324, 325, 326, 333n1, 342, 343, 358, 366, 374, 383, 401, 404, 405, 409n10, 416, 425, 426, 436, 453, 468, 475n86, 483
symbols of 191, 192, 194, 195, 199, 200, 415
see also God: authority/power of; authority
prayer (duʿāʾ), supplication
oratorical component 18, 35, 37, 64, 82–86, 133, 211, 244n60, 262, 267, 273, 278, 279, 285, 291, 292, 298, 306, 322, 323, 354, 355, 377, 394, 424, 438, 442, 450, 451, 455, 461, 462, 469, 470, 472, 474, 476, 489, 554
for forgiveness 37, 64, 82–83, 105, 177, 279, 471
formula/e 77, 82–83, 90, 105, 443, 461, 463, 469
spaces 197, 198, 334, 436, 437, 462
“Prayer unites” (al-ṣalātu jāmiʿah) 202, 334
ritual prayer (ṣalāh), prayer leaders 36, 42n64, 130, 131, 235, 236, 261, 275, 276n5, 277, 281, 286, 338, 389, 424, 436, 442, 450, 455, 456, 458, 461, 462, 464, 466, 478
for ruler 77, 84, 284, 285, 420, 425, 471
for victory 84, 296, 322, 330
see also curses; Eid prayers; Friday prayer; God: praise of; God: mercy of; rain-prayer oration
preacher(s), preaching passim
preaching manual 441
predator, predatory 115, 240
predestination, predestinarian 12, 233, 342, 356
pre-Islamic, pre-Islamic period passim
age of ignorance (jāhiliyyah) 124, 169, 346, 370, 388
prescriptive phrases 105, 112–114, 158
prince(s) 74, 417, 426, 552
profit(s) 106, 113, 114, 162, 249, 297, 302, 416
prohibition(s) see God: prohibitions or permissions of
promise(s) 173, 184, 211, 212, 213, 214, 292, 302, 303, 330, 338, 339, 342, 343, 347, 364, 366
see also God reward (or promise) of; pledge
proof texts, testamentary texts (shawāhid) 26, 129–146, 223, 323, 354, 365, 440, 449, 479, 563
propaganda 15, 380, 483
prophet(s) 4, 8, 86, 218, 223, 233, 237, 252, 267, 280, 311, 335, 385, 387, 395, 404, 415, 476
prophecy, prophecies 66, 68, 75, 125, 279, 356, 519
see also Abraham; Adam; David; Jesus; Moses; Muḥammad; Noah; Solomon
property 69, 151, 171, 175, 185, 219, 242, 243, 251, 253, 317, 345, 346, 354, 364, 367, 369
prose
general mention of 17, 28, 33, 42, 47, 50, 55, 95, 125, 129, 147, 406–431, 432, 440, 448, 457, 562
prose genres 1, 14, 19, 20
prose-proverb 137, 138, 142
rhymed prose 19, 98, 100n27, 101, 167, 331, 422, 429
rhythmic prose 8, 18, 32, 54, 99, 105
protect/ion 68, 188, 217, 220, 232, 233, 236, 250, 255, 269, 271, 288, 306, 314, 322–323, 345, 356, 402, 452, 454, 455, 474, 547
see also God: protection of
proverbs (mathal, amthāl)
general mention of 5, 9, 22, 26, 50, 99, 137, 138, 142–144, 148, 164, 171, 292, 323, 331, 346n31, 250n40, 386n13, 388n19, 394, 409, 413, 435, 440, 449, 471, 562
proverbial 91, 129, 135, 136, 137, 142, 163, 170, 554, 558
province, provincial 85, 284, 359, 453
provision(s) (zād)
for journey to hereafter 108, 130, 147, 153, 154, 155, 156, 159, 160, 161, 162, 232, 240, 245, 248, 249, 250, 254, 257, 261, 269, 272, 356
“the best of provisions is piety” 30, 161, 230, 245, 252, 259, 325, 452
literal 70, 237, 328
(other) metaphorical 398
Psalms 38, 91, 324
public
address 1, 9, 14, 15, 20, 31, 77, 135, 176, 189, 198, 199, 214, 233, 318, 321, 379, 382, 383, 385, 400, 433, 434, 436, 479, 483, 484
miscellaneous aspects relating to 11, 13, 16, 19, 31, 45, 62, 77, 86, 167n6, 175, 187, 189, 197, 205, 215, 236, 286, 287, 288, 290, 336, 357, 361, 380, 385, 403, 411, 425, 437
space(s) 2, 10, 19, 165, 207, 216, 228, 436
speaking, admonishments, orations 10, 14, 18, 28, 55, 166, 179, 266, 333, 358, 359, 360, 383, 385, 400–403, 402, 403, 428, 431, 432, 450, 482, 484, 562
spheres 9–11, 18, 401; voice, 168, 179, 206, 212, 383, 400, 401, 402, 425, 467, 468
see also audience: public
pulpit(s) (minbar) 28, 44, 49n86, 69, 79, 85, 86, 116, 117, 123, 138, 164, 166, 178, 183, 191, 194, 195, 197–201, 211, 214, 215, 233, 265, 268, 275, 276, 285, 286, 307, 349, 350, 355, 357, 360, 362, 367, 368, 400, 406, 411, 415, 416, 417, 420, 423, 424, 425, 426, 434, 435, 443, 444, 449, 460, 462, 468, 472, 475n86, 533
punish/ment 83, 98, 171, 184, 194, 212, 247, 296, 303, 332, 339, 345, 346, 347, 350, 352, 370, 405n53
see also God: reward or punishment of
Pure Brethren (Ikhwān al-Ṣafāʾ) 415
purpose (oratorical theme) 13, 67, 91, 133, 136, 138, 142, 224, 229, 232, 237, 244, 264, 284, 296, 332, 404, 430n101, 479
Qadariyyah 342, 555
Qaḥṭabah ibn Shabīb al-Ṭāʾī 310, 323n107, 532, 557
qaṣaṣ (homily), qāṣṣ, quṣṣāṣ 14, 49, 140, 144n215, 266, 321–322, 562
Qāṣiʿah sermon 36, 507
Qatar 439
Qaṭarī ibn al-Fujāʾah
analysis of full oration by 267–274
oration by 268–272
miscellaneous re. career and orations 51, 112n81, 131, 132, 163, 189, 200, 229, 246, 258n108, 259n118, 264, 267–274, 321, 355, 411, 440n18, 532, 557
Qays ibn al-Ashʿath 219, 220, 222, 224
Qays ibn Mushir 8, 532, 557
Qays ibn Rifāʿah al-Anṣārī 137, 139, 140
Qays ibn Saʿd 75, 179, 532, 557
oration-texts 344
Qirwāsh ibn al-Muqallad 420
Qubāʾ 66n7, 275, 276, 277, 283, 286, 291, 526
Quintillian 24
Qurʾan
general mentions of 1, 7–9, 22, 26, 34, 58n101, 60, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 74, 81, 84, 93, 98n17, 100n27, 103, 108, 123, 147, 159, 163, 166n4, 172, 173, 188, 189, 203, 230, 231, 234, 235, 236, 237, 241, 249, 254, 278, 290, 311, 323, 328, 344, 353, 357, 277, 389, 390, 405, 412, 415, 421, 432, 439, 440, 441, 442, 443, 457, 458, 470, 471, 479, 483, 521, 537, 553, 563
cited verses from 38n47–48, 69, 72, 74n42, 87, 88, 107, 109, 110, 123, 128, 130–135, 160–161, 166, 173, 183, 191n103, 225, 230, 231, 241n54, 245, 250, 268, 270, 271, 273, 283, 288, 290, 297n10, 314, 317, 320, 321, 323–325, 335, 358, 364, 366, 385, 386, 387, 388, 391, 392, 396, 397, 398n43, 414n35, 442, 443, 451, 452, 455, 461, 470, 471, 473–474, 478n94, 531
citation/quotation from 14, 91, 127, 128, 129–135, 160–161, 164, 185, 190, 191, 223, 224, 226, 230, 257, 259, 266, 267, 274, 276, 285, 286, 292, 295, 323–325, 330, 331, 332, 354, 355, 357–358, 366, 394, 395, 396, 414, 415, 435, 438, 450, 451, 452, 455, 460, 462, 468, 469, 472, 476, 477, 478, 479
exegesis, exegetical, interpretation of 16, 49, 146, 202n159, 374, 448, 449, 457, 464
reciters, memorizers, transmitters of 12, 28, 30, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 45, 49, 131, 142, 305, 457, 467, 470, 471, 473, 553, 555, 562
see also God: book of; provisions: “the best of provisions is piety”
Quraysh tribe 7, 49, 77, 95, 102, 111, 113, 144, 169, 170, 172, 173, 186, 196, 199, 203, 237, 290, 378, 379, 399, 497, 519, 521, 552, 553, 556, 559, 560
Qurayẓah tribe 173
Quṣayy ibn Kilāb 49, 170
Quss ibn Sāʿidah al-Iyādī 7, 49n86, 74, 79, 108, 112, 126, 141, 163, 170, 172, 192, 197, 201, 264, 411, 412, 440n18, 534, 557
oration-texts 238–239
Quṣwā 176, 213
Qutaybah ibn Muslim al-Bāhilī 112, 122, 185, 235, 297, 309, 324, 534, 558
Qutaylah 183
Rabīʿah tribe 294, 556
Rabīʿah ibn Umayyah 203
raid(s) 214, 283, 295, 299, 317, 327, 489, 503, 560
rain 37, 114, 123, 125, 126, 127, 238, 271, 380
rain-cloud 32, 123, 125, 126, 381
descriptions (waṣf al-maṭar) 9
rain-prayer oration (khuṭbat al-istisqāʾ) 93, 195, 198, 275n1, 458, 529
rajaz 32, 139, 140, 144, 363
Ramadan see Hijri months: Ramadan
Ramadi 448, 453, 481
rank 175, 288, 289, 400
rare words (gharīb) 54, 128, 146, 148, 159, 210, 413n25, 562
Rashīd, Hārūn 411, 419, 429, 440n18, 534, 558
Rashīd (or Ruwayshid) ibn Ramīḍ al-ʿAnzī 139, 365
rational/irrational, rationalize 4, 5, 92, 296, 435
rationalist 264, 376
rationale 232, 234, 312, 314, 467
Rawḥ ibn Zinbāʿ al-Judhāmī 185, 534, 558
Rayy 212, 213, 516, 560
register 135, 250, 251, 263, 353, 425
see also language register
refuge 224, 232, 303, 319, 327, 328, 348, 351
see also God: refuge in
relatives, (familial) relations/hip(s) 81, 83, 84, 88, 119, 186, 190, 295, 398, 402, 403, 405, 442
relative pronouns 71, 72, 89, 334n3, 345, 370
Relevance Theory 6, 7n9
religion/religious passim
see also faith; God; Muḥammad
Renaissance 3, 29, 46
see also Arab: Renaissance (nahḍah)
Repentants see Penitants/Repentants
repetition (takrār) 5, 22, 23, 27, 29, 65, 96, 103, 104, 155, 157, 158, 163, 435, 481, 562, 563
revolt(s), revolution/ary, rebel/lions, insurgency
Abbasid 293, 310, 323, 533, 557
against ʿUthmān 178, 214
by Umayyad governors 79, 308, 326, 517, 555, 556, 558, 560
(general) 11, 82, 137, 146, 181, 285, 293, 318n85, 389, 390, 453, 455, 477, 558, 561
Ibn al-Zubayr’s 123, 182, 367
Khārijite 12, 68, 317, 361, 426, 555
miscellaneous anti-Umayyad 79, 181, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 199, 200, 216, 284, 293, 295, 341, 342, 347, 351, 367, 552
Mukhtār’s 78, 293, 491, 531, 552, 556, 557, 558, 560
of apostasy (ḥurūb al-riddah) 176, 293, 295, 324n108, 389, 554, 559
Penitents’ 293, 531, 535, 539
present-day 475 (Iranian), 477 (Tunisian)
Zaydī 163, 283, 293, 495, 545, 553, 561
see also French Revolution
rhetoric
general 13n25–26, 14, 15, 26n10, 60, 116n102, 174, 185, 310, 312, 385, 412, 419, 427, 429, 430, 431, 435, 445, 447, 448, 457, 473, 475, 476, 477, 481, 562
rhetor 24
rhetorical 1, 7, 14, 22, 25, 91, 96, 230, 310, 411, 428, 480
devices 27, 54, 64, 92n3, 98, 99n24, 102, 105, 116, 118, 158, 421
questions 22, 92, 111–112, 160, 162, 163, 192, 209, 223, 241, 272, 273, 274, 331, 394, 396
rhetorization 430
Rhodes 53
rhyme
general 10, 22, 32, 34, 35, 44, 98, 99–103, 155, 331, 441, 471
assonance (muwāzanah) 8, 99–100
consonant-rhyme (sajʿ) 92, 93, 100–101, 102, 103, 123, 128, 157, 158, 163, 171, 267, 380–382, 406, 408, 410, 421, 422, 427, 428, 429, 562, 563
rhyme and meter 5, 7, 8, 26, 32, 54, 55, 71, 79, 95, 96, 97, 418
rhyme-parallelism (tarṣīʿ) 101, 102, 157, 352, 365, 423, 428, 435, 563
soothsayer rhymes (sajʿ al-kuhhān) 9, 19, 54, 101, 102, 157, 172, 380–382, 383, 421, 563
rhythm, rhythmic, cadence(d) 1, 5, 7, 8, 18, 19, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 32, 33, 34, 63, 92, 93–105, 134, 152, 155, 156, 157, 158, 162, 163, 164, 292, 365, 394, 396, 406, 421, 427, 435, 562
Riʾām tribe 125, 561
Rifāʿah ibn Shaddād al-Bajalī 82, 187, 310, 534, 558
right(s)
general 109, 175, 186, 190, 191, 192, 206, 219, 221, 226, 227, 255, 256, 283, 317, 337, 338, 342, 345, 385, 388, 389, 392, 398, 482, 503
right and wrong 147, 153, 154, 162, 253, 312, 338, 340
righteousness, righteous 82, 83, 89, 113, 178, 186, 217, 230, 232, 255, 256, 283, 287, 288, 294, 296, 305, 307, 337, 338, 340, 342, 344, 350, 361, 378, 396, 403, 455, 477, 481, 503
ritual 72, 130, 198, 369, 402, 403, 414, 435, 444, 462, 475, 476, 478, 480
see also prayer: ritual prayer
Riyāḥ ibn ʿUthmān al-Murrī 117, 534, 558
Roderic (Ar. Ludharīq) 327, 329, 330, 331
Rome, Roman 3, 14, 16, 24, 53, 60, 310, 311, 472, 476, 482
rope(s) 84, 123, 269, 272, 274, 389, 390, 395, 396
Ruḥaymah bint ʿAẓamah 44, 384, 400, 401, 402, 534, 558
rule(s) 23, 26, 168, 175, 236, 292, 316, 344, 369, 378, 409, 412, 414, 543
rule/r, ruling 2, 11, 38, 84, 100, 101, 112, 133, 166, 174, 183, 184, 186, 187, 189, 190, 191, 200, 205, 206, 233, 241, 245, 264, 265, 267, 289, 290, 305, 307, 338, 344, 349, 352, 356, 359, 379, 404, 405, 408, 409n10, 414, 420, 425, 427, 445, 454, 461, 462, 475, 501, 552, 562
Russia 114, 469
Rutbīl (or Zunbīl) 185, 303, 521
Sabaic 36
Ṣabrah ibn Shaymān al-Azdī 76n58, 534, 558, 559
sacred, sacral, sacrosanct, sanctuary
general 9, 109, 111, 195, 251, 369, 402, 404, 444, 450, 484
authority 65, 91, 135, 172, 173, 191, 223, 479
texts/literature 92, 135, 223, 391, 464
mosque/sanctuary (of Mecca) 169, 170, 237, 284, 286, 351, 379, 555
Saʿd clan 102
Saʿd, ʿAlī’s attendant 44
Saʿd ibn Abī Waqqāṣ 176, 177, 213, 308, 359, 534, 555, 558
Saʿd ibn Ḥudhayfah ibn al-Yamān 111, 187, 213, 536, 558
Saʿd ibn Mālik 356
Saʿd ibn ʿUbādah al-Anṣārī 557
Sadat, Anwar 447
Saʿdī 471
Sadr, Muqtada / Sadrist movement 451
Ṣafā 80, 196
Safavid(s) 454, 475
Saffāḥ 135, 190, 191, 440n18, 493, 511, 536, 554, 558
Ṣafiyyah bint ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib 144
Ṣafiyyah bint Hishām al-Minqariyyah 244, 384, 397, 399, 400, 401, 536, 558
Ṣafwān al-Anṣārī 193, 200
sage(s) 52, 231, 251, 267
Saḥbān ibn Zufar al-Wāʾilī 163, 171, 189, 193, 249, 265, 411, 412, 536, 558
oration-text 147
Sahl ibn Ḥunayf al-Anṣārī 179, 558
Sahl ibn Saʿd al-Sāʿidī 218
Saʿīd ibn Aḥmad al-Maqqarī 536
Saʿīd ibn al-ʿĀṣ
oration-text 344
miscellaneous re. career and orations 183, 343, 536, 558
Saʿīd ibn al-Mujālid 185
Saʿīd ibn al-Musayyab 42
Saʿīd ibn Qays 82, 306, 319, 322, 323, 536, 558
saints 248, 323, 460, 471
sajʿ see rhyme: consonant-rhyme
sajʿ al-kuhhān see rhyme: soothsayer rhyme
Salafist, Salafism 434, 445, 446, 454, 456, 459, 463, 470, 473, 477, 480
Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn (Saladin) 454
ṣalawāt see blessings (invocation of)
Ṣāliḥ ibn ʿAlī 135, 191, 536
Ṣāliḥ ibn Musarriḥ
oration-text 317
miscellaneous re. career and orations 76n53, 128, 131, 133, 189, 261n129, 261n135, 299, 301, 355, 536, 558, 559
Salih, Sheikh Nagdy 444
Sālim ibn ʿAwf tribe 286
Salmā l-Ḥamdāniyyah 383
Salmān al-Fārisī 553
salvation 140, 143, 163, 232, 234, 319
Sanaa 39, 443
Saqīfah of Banū Sāʿidah 120, 143, 148, 359, 440, 491, 519
Ṣaʿṣaʿah ibn Ṣūḥān 68, 76, 190, 199, 536, 558
Sassanid(s), Sassanian(s) 41, 170, 205, 407
Satan 88, 117, 186, 235, 236, 255, 263, 314, 320, 341, 352, 386, 387, 393, 395, 404, 470
Saudi Arabia, Saudi 433, 434, 440, 445, 446, 454, 457, 468, 473–474, 480
Sawād ibn Qārib al-Dawsī 126, 536, 558
saying(s) 9, 48n85, 104, 142, 144, 150, 152, 209, 412, 414, 432, 448, 468, 471, 476, 562
Scandinavian Uppsala School 24
scepter 192
scholar(s) (medieval), scholarly, scholarship 16, 17, 27n11, 28, 29, 30, 32, 40, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 50, 56, 57, 58, 59, 63, 91, 98, 168, 171, 209, 238, 265, 266, 272, 276, 286n35, 334, 374, 408, 410, 412, 414, 417, 427, 428, 432, 552
scribe see kātib
scripture(s), scriptural 17, 37, 38, 41, 73, 93, 130, 183n80, 185, 312, 424, 432, 439, 443, 450
sea 115, 123, 185, 328, 330, 331
sectarian 12, 15, 21, 46, 52, 56, 59, 63, 478, 480
sedition (fitnah) 118, 121, 124, 344, 364, 389, 390, 395, 452, 507
seductress, seduce 246, 247
semantic 35, 75, 95, 96, 103, 104, 155, 156
seminary 448, 452, 457
Semitic 24, 205
Senegal/ese 434, 473, 478, 479
Sermon on the Mount 61
sermon(s) see cassette sermons; Friday sermon (khuṭbat al-jumʿah); Eid sermon (khuṭbat al-ʿīd); khuṭbah; pious counsel sermon (khuṭbat al-waʿẓ)
serve, service(s) 10, 42, 170, 180, 183, 211, 222, 234, 305, 355, 398, 556
see also God: servants/service of
Sfax 446
Shabath ibn Ribʿī 219, 222, 315, 523
Shabīb ibn Shaybah 208, 209, 558
Shabīb ibn Yazīd al-Shaybānī 76n53, 189, 203, 213, 303, 309, 313, 321, 511, 515, 538, 559, 561
Shaddād ibn Aws al-Ṭāʾī
oration-texts 250
miscellaneous re. career and orations 68, 85, 177, 187, 264, 538, 559
shahādah (testimonial of faith) 68, 72, 105
see also witness, to bear: that there is no god but God
shaman/istic 9, 54, 168, 171
shame 92, 109, 115, 141, 151, 222, 223, 233, 298–300, 304, 319, 341, 391, 392, 394, 396, 399, 402, 403, 405
see also disgrace
Sharawy, Huda 435n4, 447
Shariʿah 174, 234, 235, 236, 254, 272, 369, 372, 378
see also God: command, prescription of; God: prohibitions or permissions of; lawful, unlawful
Shaʿthāʾ 383
shaykh see elder
Shaybah ibn Rabīʿah 391n26
Shaymān ibn ʿUkayf al-Azdī 76, 538, 559
sheep 122, 126, 148, 315, 316
Sheikh-ul-Islam (Turkey) 472
Shiʿa, Shiʿism, Shiʿite
general mentions of 12, 17, 31, 39, 48, 57, 76, 78, 174, 176, 178, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 193, 202, 204, 213, 215, 225, 227, 253, 276, 297, 321, 334, 335, 338, 361, 374, 420, 432, 445, 448, 449, 452, 454, 463, 474, 475, 476, 480, 483, 531, 554, 555, 557n97, 553
anti-Shiʿa 448, 454, 455, 473, 478, 481
Kufan 184, 187, 188, 310, 531, 547
Ṭayyibī-Ismāʿīlī 463
Twelver 433, 448, 449, 450, 451, 452, 453, 476, 480, 531
Zaydī 79, 163, 561, 283, 495, 553, 561
see also ʿAlid; expansion: “Shiʿite expansion”
shield(s) 123, 137, 236, 312, 313
Shimr (or Shamir) 217, 219, 223, 224, 226, 227
ship(s) 120, 185, 327, 330
Shuʿayb, prophet of Midian 8
Shūrā election council 77, 124, 177, 206, 359, 491, 552, 558, 559, 561
Shurayḥ ibn Awfā al-ʿAbsī 180, 559
Sijill al-bishārah (Register of Glad Tidings) 425
Sijistan 85, 303, 518
sikkah (coinage) 425
silk 24, 194, 195, 211, 326, 362
simile (tashbīh) 110, 115, 116, 117, 118, 122, 234, 235, 563
sin(s), sinners, sinning; grave sin 237, 344, 377
Sinān ibn Anas 223
Sistani, Ayatollah 448, 450
sister(s) 187, 210, 217, 226, 295, 391n27, 404, 450
sky, skies 102, 109, 120, 125, 126, 127, 128, 134, 160, 238, 239, 259, 268, 273, 381, 382, 391, 396, 402
slave(s) 79, 112, 220, 346, 371, 391, 396, 400, 402
Slavs 308
slogan 79, 136, 214, 310, 455, 501
society, social, societal passim
Soghdian(s) 45, 122, 185, 535, 558
soldier(s) 151, 185, 186, 225, 296, 312, 330, 331, 343
Solomon (Ar. Sulaymān), Prophet/King 385n10, 415
Somalian(s) 308
son(s), grandson, great grandson passim
son-in-law 178, 305, 451, 552, 554
stepson 249
soothsayer(s) (kāhin, kuhhān, kāhinah, kawāhin) 9, 19, 98, 100, 101, 109, 125, 126, 128, 147, 168, 169, 171, 172, 192, 237, 383, 384, 510, 511, 520, 522, 554, 558, 559, 560, 561, 562, 563
oration-texts 381
see also rhyme: soothsayer rhymes
soul(s) 67, 80, 108, 140, 147, 153, 154, 155, 156, 158, 159, 161, 162, 172, 218, 231, 234, 242, 243, 245, 250, 260, 262, 263, 270, 300, 301, 320, 362, 371
source texts for oration 47–51 and passim
South Africa/n 446
South Asia/n 17, 433, 436, 460
Spain see Andalusia
spear(s) 89, 300, 302, 303, 312, 313, 314, 319, 327, 329, 332, 346, 391
spiritual 1, 83, 181, 232, 278, 282, 290, 388n23, 398n43, 403, 427, 468n73
spontaneity, spontaneous 3, 10, 21, 32, 61, 140, 165, 207, 208, 210, 413, 420, 423, 442, 446, 449, 450, 452
extemporaneity, extempore 6, 13, 61, 65, 166, 207, 208, 215, 420, 422, 444, 450, 455, 472
see also improvisation
staff or stick (leaning on) 49, 137, 138, 171, 200, 275, 326, 415, 435, 444, 446, 449, 462, 463, 472, 476
staff, sword, and bow 192–195, 286, 400
stand/ing (orating while) 33, 49n86, 80, 165, 196, 197, 199, 225, 265, 326, 382, 404, 428, 462
star(s) 102, 125, 126, 127, 148, 237, 238, 360, 380, 381, 392, 399
stature and standing 42, 57, 135, 171, 176, 180, 201, 205, 223, 360, 361, 391, 393, 394, 396, 399, 405, 447
stipend(s) 298, 303, 304, 343, 347, 353, 354, 372, 501
strategy see battle oration: strategy
structure (of oration) 2, 15, 18, 19, 22, 23, 24, 34, 56, 64–90, 92, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 105, 108–110, 114, 134, 146, 153, 155, 156, 158, 177, 191–192, 209, 221, 223, 257, 260, 265, 274, 275, 277–278, 289, 291, 323, 331, 332, 368, 383, 394, 401, 406, 414, 422, 431, 435, 441, 442, 449, 466, 469, 475, 484
style of
epistles and maqāmāt 407, 408, 421, 424, 428, 431
oration 2, 4, 8, 9, 15, 16, 18, 19, 24, 44n74, 55, 56, 59, 72, 91–164, 191–192, 201, 206, 209, 221, 223, 229n1, 323, 349, 368, 383, 394, 406, 408, 413, 415, 416, 417, 418, 421, 422, 423, 424, 430, 431, 435, 440, 450, 481, 483, 484
succession 120, 174, 177, 333, 334, 359, 368, 503, 543
successor 78, 84, 134, 176, 178, 206, 265, 336, 358, 359, 361, 420, 425, 447, 527
succession speech 174, 215, 334–337
Sudais, Sheikh Abd al Rahman 473, 474
Sufi(s), Sufism 12, 47, 375, 407, 420, 440, 443, 446, 456, 458, 460, 471
Suhayl ibn ʿAmr al-ʿĀmirī 173, 559
Suḥaym ibn Wathīl al-Riyāḥī 81n93, 139, 140, 365
Ṣulayḥid 425
Sulaymān ibn ʿAlī 440n18
Sulaymān ibn ʿAbd al-Malik 115n96, 135, 182, 185, 236, 246, 281, 367, 535, 538, 559
Sulaymān ibn Ṣurad
oration-texts 298, 318
miscellaneous re. career and orations 84, 87, 111, 113, 120, 187, 193, 202, 205, 213, 297, 310, 317, 323n107, 327, 440n18, 537, 538
Sunnah 262, 276, 286, 343, 377, 378, 440, 448, 454, 459n56, 461, 462, 467, 468
see also hadith
Sunni/sm 38, 39, 56, 57, 174, 176, 276, 334, 338, 341n19, 354, 374, 414, 433, 435, 436, 445, 448, 449, 453, 454, 456, 457, 461, 462, 463, 464, 473, 474, 476, 480, 483, 531, 552, 556
caliphs 11, 17, 31, 39, 106, 244n60, 266, 302, 316, 336, 337, 384, 385, 401, 410, 439, 440, 445, 459, 464, 465, 466, 469, 470, 471n79, 477, 481, 490, 553, 554, 557, 560
see also legal schools
supplication(s) see prayer
surah(s) 30, 65, 72, 132, 160, 173, 290, 395, 415, 421, 451, 452, 453, 497, 419, 537, 563
Surat 458, 460, 461
sustenance 127, 150, 246, 262, 324, 343, 364, 366, 371
sword
general mention of 85, 89, 116, 122, 136, 176, 182, 183, 184, 190, 211, 292, 295, 300, 301, 302, 303, 308, 313, 315, 319, 322, 327, 328, 343, 349, 352, 353, 365, 405
leaning on sword 192, 193, 194, 195, 275, 292, 326, 415, 435, 444, 449, 462, 472
leaning on sword and bow 292, 323, 325–326, 330, 477
sword and whip 348, 349, 350, 353
see also staff: leaning on staff, sword, and bow
symbol(s), symbolic, symbolize 41, 114, 115, 120, 193, 462, 483, 484
of authority/power 165, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 221, 285, 286, 415, 425, 433, 443, 444, 472, 483
synagogues 38
synecdoche (majāz mursal subtype) 116, 119, 562
syntax, syntactic/al 23, 24, 94, 95, 96, 98, 99, 101, 148, 155, 156, 161, 380, 406, 408, 418
Syria/n(s) 11, 12, 46, 49n86, 50, 80, 85, 122, 131, 132, 174, 176, 177, 180, 181, 193, 195, 198, 200, 213, 244, 283, 293, 295, 303, 307, 308, 310, 311, 316, 318, 320, 324, 325, 326, 365, 407, 434, 454, 455, 473, 474, 477, 481, 483, 511, 515, 524, 525, 539, 541, 547, 553, 555, 556, 557, 559, 560
see also Damascus
Syriac language 36, 41, 44, 384, 407, 514, 534
ṭabaqāt 47, 57
tafḍīlī Sunni (who profess ʿAlī’s superiority) 334, 374
Taghlib tribe 169, 170, 554
tag-phrase 277, 281
Ṭahfah ibn Abī Zuhayr 149, 174, 538, 559
taḥrīd 396, 397, see also battle oration
taḥmīd (praise-formula) 64, 65–74, 75, 78, 81, 83, 89, 90, 102, 105, 106, 127, 128, 133, 134, 152, 159, 177, 191, 223, 277, 279, 394, 422, 435, 441, 442, 443, 445, 452, 459, 460, 463, 465, 470, 471, 478, 480, 563
al-ḥamdu li-llāh 65, 73
see also God: praise of
Ṭāʾif 171, 365, 528, 557
takbīr see Allāhu akbar (God is great!)
takhyīl (fantasy, imaginary) 117, 430, 563
Ṭalḥah ibn ʿUbaydallāh 38n49, 73, 84, 177, 180, 359, 388, 538, 559
Taliban 457
Tamīm al-Dārī 49n86, 198, 266
Tamīm tribe 45, 70, 72, 75, 76n58, 82, 85, 102, 106, 147, 170, 174, 179, 268, 302, 384, 400, 497, 541, 545, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558, 560, 561
taqrīr (sit-down exposition after Friday sermon) 462
taqwā (the term) 26, 103, 105, 123n138, 130, 161, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233n17, 234, 235n29, 237, 240, 245, 252, 254, 257, 258, 259, 261, 262, 269, 279, 287, 288, 289, 290, 319, 325, 340, 345, 378, 452, 460, 490, 492, 502, 504, 506, 526, 532
see also piety
targums 93
Ṭarīf ibn al-ʿĀṣī al-Dawsī 109, 536
Ṭarīfat al-Khayr 109, 125, 383, 538, 559
Ṭāriq ibn Ziyād al-Thaqafī
analysis of full oration by 327–332
oration-text 328–329
miscellaneous re. career and oration 108, 111, 185, 292, 294, 303, 315, 319, 327–332, 440, 476, 538, 559
tawātur (broad dissemination of hadith) 59
tax(es) 171, 354, 426
tax collector 200, 212, 345, 489, 552
see also alms levy, alms-tax
Ṭayyib (Fatimid imam) 425
teeth 115, 125, 173, 209, 314, 338, 363, 366, 390, 392
canines 112, 115
molars 119, 312, 313, 314, 332, 338
tent(s) 33, 120, 124, 172, 226, 314, 453
testament (waṣiyyah) 14, 49, 171, 265, 266, 267, 334, 336, 345, 354, 372, 409, 440, 495, 553, 563
Thābit ibn Qays al-Anṣārī
oration-text 70–71
miscellaneous re. orations 71, 82, 127n154, 174, 540, 559
Thamūd tribe 241
Thamūdic 36
thunder and lightning 114, 123, 360
Thaqīf tribe 366, 557, 561
Thawr ibn Maʿn al-Thaqafī 337
theme(s) of oration, thematic passim
subthemes 35, 106, 251, 252, 254–256, 263, 272, 274, 278, 332
theology, theological 2, 12, 16, 17, 19, 40, 47, 48, 50, 56, 59, 67, 129, 229, 235–237, 369, 372–378, 382, 432, 457, 464, 465, 466, 481, 507, 509, 547
theologian 36, 264, 265, 372–378, 439, 457, 560
threat(s), threaten/ing 100, 110, 165, 167, 168, 183, 184, 190, 194, 213, 224, 227, 283, 284, 292, 294, 296, 303–305, 330, 331, 332, 334, 343, 347, 348, 349, 351, 352, 359, 360, 361, 366, 367, 477, 481, 513, 545
throne 70, 134, 199, 241, 359, 367
Thucydides 53, 60
Tigris River 176, 213, 536
topic(s) of oration 16, 50, 81, 175, 229, 244, 278, 282, 332, 372, 401, 433, 438, 444, 447, 449, 466, 467, 468, 469, 471
Topkapi Palace Library 413
trade/r(s), trading
literal 43, 46, 58, 120, 154, 169, 416, 555
metaphorical 106, 113, 254, 255, 297, 298, 327, 362, 387
training of 30, 112, 207, 451, 457
orators and preachers 28, 29, 423, 433, 437–438, 440, 447, 448–449, 456–457, 464–466
scribes and critics 152, 409, 410, 412, 413, 416, 429
the soul 153, 154, 159, 162, 320
transition phrase (ammā baʿd, etc.) 18, 64, 74–75, 78, 81, 89, 90, 105, 106, 152, 177, 277, 394, 422, 442, 443, 454, 460, 470
translation(s)
Arabic translation movement 42, 46
medieval translations of orations 44, 61, 384
transmission, transmit/ted, transmitter
verbatim (riwāyah bi-l-lafẓ) vs gist (riwāyah bi-l-maʿnā) 26–29, 563
written transmission 34, 36, 40, 43, 58, 59, 63, 354
see also oral/ity: oral transmission; Qurʾan: reciters, memorizers, transmitters
Transoxiana 185
trauma/tic 19, 268, 383, 391n27, 395, 396, 397
trauma studies 16, 400–403, 403–405
travelers see journey
treasury 82, 175, 187, 300, 307, 337, 338, 347, 353, 354, 393, 404, 491, 501, 503
tribe(s) 177, 185, 187, 192, 197, 199, 201, 203, 204, 205, 226, 237, 241, 265, 290, 293, 300–308, 350, 359, 366, 380, 381, 390, 400, 403, 445, 481, 493, 497, 523, 527, 535, 537, 541, 545, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558, 559, 560, 561
tribal/ism 300–308
tribesman, tribeswoman 294, 384, 399, 401, 402, 487, 539, 549, 556, 558, 559, 560, 561
see also various tribes by name
troops 82, 112, 120, 122, 131, 140, 176, 177, 185, 186, 196, 213, 266, 294, 295, 296, 302, 303, 304, 308, 309, 312, 313, 315, 316, 317, 319, 321, 322, 328, 330, 337, 364, 367, 491, 501, 521, 527, 533, 537, 539, 551
truth/ful, true (ḥaqq and ṣidq) (oration theme) 78, 83, 84, 88, 94, 101, 110, 133, 164, 172, 184, 214, 218, 221, 236, 237, 247, 248, 250, 252, 253, 255, 271, 272, 281, 282, 284, 288, 290, 296, 299, 300, 301, 302, 305, 306, 307, 310, 318, 319, 324, 335, 340, 341, 344, 371, 377, 378, 386, 389, 390, 391, 395, 442, 443, 454, 470, 474
ṣiddīq (true believer) 389
Ṭufayl ibn ʿAwf al-Ghanawī 136, 139, 140, 559
Ṭulayḥah ibn Khuwaylid al-Asadī 177, 307, 326, 540, 559
Tunisia/n 434, 446, 473, 477–478
turban(s) 139, 195, 275, 313, 326, 362, 363, 365, 415, 416, 453
Turkey, Turkish 433, 434, 454, 460, 463–473, 475, 479
language 433, 465, 468, 469n74, 470, 471, 472, 477, 483
tyrant(s) 233, 302, 305, 328, 329, 367, 474
ʿUbādah ibn al-Ṣāmit al-Anṣārī
oration-text 110
miscellaneous re. orations and career 68, 101, 115n93, 130, 176, 177, 179, 264, 540, 557, 559
ʿUbaydallāh ibn ʿAbdallāh al-Murrī 49n86, 187, 310, 559
ʿUbaydallāh ibn Sulaymān 417
ʿUbaydallāh ibn Ziyād
oration-text 350
miscellaneous re. orations and career 77, 86, 144, 183, 184, 194, 199, 202, 213, 216, 301, 348, 361, 393, 525, 540, 556, 557, 559
Ubayy ibn Kaʿb 39, 103, 353
ubi sunt 112, 241, 242, 272, 273, 274, 415, 416
ʿUfayrāʾ 383
ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz
oration-texts 242, 245–246, 254–255, 282, 342
miscellaneous re. orations and caliphate 49, 51, 68, 73n35, 82, 85, 116n99, 118, 124, 135, 146, 181, 182, 195, 211, 213, 232, 233, 234, 237n39, 241, 244n60, 250, 260n124, 261n132, 262, 264, 281, 348, 354, 410, 411, 439, 459, 460, 540, 552, 556, 560
ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb
oration-texts 317, 338, 339, 353–354
miscellaneous re. orations and caliphate 11, 31, 37, 38n49, 45, 51, 66n5, 68, 75, 83, 103, 108, 121, 135, 143, 144n216, 145, 146, 148, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 198, 203, 206, 211, 212, 215, 236, 266, 267, 281, 282, 285, 294, 306, 324n108, 334n3, 336, 355, 358, 359, 361, 372, 398, 401, 408n5, 410, 411, 422n72, 439, 469, 480, 497, 542, 545, 547, 553, 554, 555, 557, 559, 560
ʿUmar ibn Saʿd ibn Abī l-Ṣayd 28
ʿUmar ibn Saʿd ibn Abī Waqqās 225, 226
Umayyad(s) passim
Umayyah 171, 380, 381, 523
Umm al-Khayr 178, 295, 325n120, 384, 394, 396, 399, 400, 544, 560
Umm Kulthūm bint ʿAlī 68, 115n94, 119, 187, 210, 226, 295, 324n111, 384, 391n27, 395, 398, 401, 402, 403, 544, 549, 560
uncle 144, 191, 218, 221, 222, 350, 554
see also Muḥammad: uncles
United Kingdom, U.K. 434, 461
British (colonial) 475n86, 478
United States of America see America
Uqayli, Sheikh Nazim 453
ʿUqaylid 420
ʿUqbah ibn Abī Muʿīṭ 343, 560
ʿUqbah ibn Simʿān 220, 225
urban 2, 13, 82, 169, 345, 408, 467
Urdu 457, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 483
ʿUrwah ibn Zubayr 43
usury (ribā) 354, 369, 370
ʿUṭarid ibn Ḥājib ibn Zurārah
oration-text 70
miscellaneous re. orations 71, 174, 544, 560
ʿUtaybah ibn al-Nahhās 315
ʿUtbah ibn Abī Sufyān 78, 116n97, 141, 145, 183, 212, 283, 285, 357, 411, 440n18, 544, 560
oration-texts 284, 349–350
ʿUtbah ibn Ghazwān
oration-text 356
miscellaneous re. orations and career 115n95, 145, 148, 198, 258n109, 355, 358, 544, 560
ʿUtbah ibn Rabīʿah 181, 391n26
Uthaymeen, Muhammad Salih 446
ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān
oration-text 339
miscellaneous re. orations and caliphate 11, 31, 38n49, 39, 49n86, 50, 67, 73n36, 74n40, 77n66, 86, 88, 115n93, 133, 166, 174, 177, 178, 180, 189, 198, 199, 206, 214, 215, 241, 244n60, 259n118, 295, 306, 307, 336, 340, 343, 344, 352, 355, 359, 361, 384, 388, 397, 398, 401, 411, 439, 440n18, 480, 489, 497, 511, 521, 533, 544, 551, 553, 556, 557, 558, 560, 561
ʿUthmānid 227
ʿUthmānic Codex 39
ʿUthmān ibn Ḥayyān al-Murrī
oration-text 348
miscellaneous re. orations and career 79n79, 117, 183, 347, 366, 546, 558, 560
Uttar Pradesh (UP) 456, 457, 459, 461, 462, 463
ʿUzzā Salimah (or Salamah) 126, 171, 546, 560
Valencian 414
variant(s) 15, 24, 113, 152, 193
see also memory variants
vaunt oration (mufākharah, fakhr, munāfarah) 70, 109, 170, 174, 211, 348, 359, 539
Veda(s) 29, 30
veil 147, 195, 284, 347, 362, 379, 390, 392, 399, 400, 401, 402, 403, 443
velayat-e faqih (authoritative rule of the jurist) 475
vessel 115, 253, 258, 301, 356
vices 232, 236, 273
victim(s), victimization 159, 325, 331, 401, 404
victory, victorious 8, 69, 83, 84, 171, 172, 174, 199, 260, 288, 292, 296, 300, 308, 309, 310, 311, 317, 318, 319, 321, 322, 324, 330, 332, 341, 357, 405, 416, 453, 455, 462, 469, 489, 491, 513
Vienna 44, 45
violence 89, 167, 183, 190, 194, 304, 316, 349, 401, 434, 445, 463, 479, 481
viper 117
virtue (the term, and various individual virtues) 140, 199, 229–233, 235–237, 278, 306, 341, 344, 403, 445, 458 and passim
Visigoth 111, 315, 327
vocabulary 19, 58, 76, 80, 81, 122, 130, 133, 147, 148, 149, 159, 161, 162, 257, 259, 265, 274, 280, 350, 380, 396, 418, 459, 482, 484
vocative 18, 75–79, 81, 83, 89, 90, 105, 106, 107, 135, 158, 203, 277, 291, 394, 442, 443, 470
voice (in oration)
loud/bold/raised 196, 202, 203, 209, 217, 224, 455
low/ered 313, 470n75, 472
miscellaneous expressions of 392, 399 (hoarse); 464 (modulation); 129 (unvoiced)
women’s 401, 402
see also public voice
Wahhabi 434, 445, 446, 468, 473, 477
Waḥīdah sermon 36, 372, 509
Wāʾil tribe 555, 558
Walīd (I) ibn ʿAbd al-Malik 146, 182, 185, 202, 244, 329, 357, 546, 547, 558, 560
oration-text 341
Walīd ibn ʿUqbah 76, 142, 177, 320, 546, 560
Walīd ibn ʿUtbah 391n26
Walīd (II) ibn Yazīd 182, 342
war/fare
general mentions of 120, 122, 275, 296, 304, 311, 317, 327, 333, 363, 394, 405, 477
civil war 162, 283, 293, 312
other wars 476 (July War); 404, 469 (World War I/Great War); 312 (World War II)
see also battles; Battle Days of the Arabs; battle orations; Battle of: various; booty; justice: just war
Waraqah ibn Nawfal 41, 42
warning(s) 7, 82, 83n94, 84, 102, 107, 109, 119, 124, 136, 139, 143, 184, 215, 235, 239, 240, 242, 244, 245, 254, 272, 273, 274, 290, 296, 298, 300, 303, 330, 341, 342, 350, 352, 365, 366, 367, 386, 387, 390, 399, 422, 467, 501, 507, 523, 527
see also threats
warrior(s) 1, 12, 119, 140, 143, 145, 185, 186, 195, 196, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 223, 224, 292, 294, 295, 296, 300, 302, 304, 308, 309, 314, 316, 317, 318, 319, 322, 327, 329, 330, 360, 363, 386, 402, 549
Washington, George 333
Wāṣil ibn ʿAṭāʾ
oration-text 376–377
miscellaneous re. preaching 36, 112, 115, 130, 189, 193, 208, 241, 264, 266, 375, 546
Waṣiyyah homily 505
water
general mentions of 32, 120, 127, 259, 360, 370, 389n25
abundant/scarce 126
block access to 216, 225
from the skies 268, 273
few drops of 115, 258, 356
sweet/brackish/bitter 124, 269, 305
urinated-in-water 118, 121, 122, 386, 396
watering hole/pool/well 83, 102, 239, 387, 395
waterskin(s) 120, 350, 363, 366
see also mustard water
Wāthilah ibn Khalīfah al-Sadūsī 200
waʿẓ, mawʿiẓah (term) 14, 229, 266, 439n10, 562, 563
see also pious counsel
weep/ing 89, 188, 210, 211, 217, 218, 226, 243, 248, 307, 392, 399, 403
West Africa/n 433, 436, 478
West/ern
general mentions of 11, 14, 53, 54, 170, 200, 310, 401, 430, 435n3, 443n25, 447, 453, 458, 477, 482, 483
Western battle speeches 76, 293, 311, 312
Islamic West 420
see also East and West
whip(s) 194, 212
see also sword and whip
wicked/ness 67, 164, 262, 263, 296, 305, 363, 365, 367
evil 12, 67, 240, 286, 290, 301, 322, 363, 365, 387, 399, 454, 470, 478
bad 54, 288, 347, 361, 460
evildoers and deeds 84, 89, 122, 123, 230, 318, 362, 391, 395
struggle against evil (jihād) 34, 290
see also good and evil
wife 41, 113, 141, 142, 148, 244, 302, 304, 343, 384, 388, 389, 395, 397, 398, 453, 459, 480, 553, 554, 557
see also Muḥammad: wives
wisdom 4, 104, 125, 133, 135, 138, 142, 193, 238, 261, 265, 376, 411, 412, 423, 558, 562
wise 25, 137, 138, 192, 193, 194, 209, 238, 240, 274, 553
witness, to bear 393, 419, 443
that there is no god but God 66, 67, 68, 108, 287, 376, 441, 442
asking God to bear witness 335, 370
wolf 122, 315, 393
wolf-bandit(s)/brigand wolf 7n13, 143, 386
Wolof 479, 483
women’s orations 2, 19, 175, 383–405, 494, 510, 512, 520, 532, 534, 536, 538, 544, 548
see also voice: women’s
World War I/II see war/fare
world passim
worldliness, materialism 244, 245, 247, 248, 257, 258, 272, 278
worldly 115, 124, 143, 162, 176, 232, 233, 236, 246, 247, 249, 254, 258, 259, 264, 265, 274, 281, 294, 296, 298, 307, 311, 330, 331, 332, 396
wound/ed 219, 254, 255, 316, 318, 387, 392, 399, 555, 556, 557
“If wounds afflict you” (Qurʾan verse) 132, 324, 473, 474
writing, write, written passim
Yamani, Sheikh Ahmad Hasan 452
Yaʿqūb ibn ʿAṭāʾ 44n74, 45
Yathrib (Medina) 38, 172, 286
Yazīd ibn Abī Sufyān 38n49, 176, 546
Yazīd ibn Anas al-Asadī 76n55, 188, 546, 560
Yazīd ibn Asad al-Bajalī 74, 180, 193, 195, 294, 304, 324n109, 326, 546, 560
Yazīd ibn ʿĀṣim al-Muḥāribī 180, 560
Yazīd ibn al-Ḥārith 219, 222, 315
Yazīd (I) ibn Muʿāwiyah 67, 77, 80, 104, 133, 182, 184, 185, 187, 188, 206, 215, 216, 220, 221, 222, 224, 258n110, 259n114, 259n118, 278, 281, 285, 286, 336, 337, 348, 350, 352, 359, 390, 391, 392, 395, 396, 399, 402, 403, 404, 405, 417, 487, 489, 509, 519, 527, 541, 546, 549, 560
Yazīd ibn al-Muhallab
oration-text 308
miscellaneous re. orations and career 68, 79, 326, 440n18, 517, 546, 560
Yazīd ibn Muqniʿ 337
Yazīd ibn Qays al-Arḥabī 179, 306, 548, 560
Yazīd (III) ibn al-Walīd
oration-text 343
miscellaneous re. orations and caliphate 87n117, 146, 182, 342, 353, 440n18, 548, 561
Yazīd ibn Ziyād 140n201
Yāzūrī 416
Year of Unification (ʿām al-jamāʿah) 182
Yemen 39, 126, 189, 377, 381, 384, 425, 434, 443, 454, 488, 490, 496, 514, 520, 534, 538, 548, 552, 556, 559, 561
Yemeni 147, 185, 195, 342
see also Sanaa
Yūsuf al-Fihrī 302
Yūsuf ibn ʿUmar al-Thaqafī 78–79, 199, 232, 281, 366, 548, 561
Zabrāʾ 125, 383, 548, 561
Ẓabyān ibn Ḥaddād 127, 548, 561
Zahrāʾ homily 505
Ẓāhir (Fatimid imam-caliph) 415
Zāʾidah ibn Qudāmah 76n53, 309, 313, 548, 561
Zakzouk, Mahmoud 437, 438
Zarqāʾ bint ʿAdī 178, 295, 384, 394, 396, 399, 400, 548, 561
Zayd ibn ʿAlī 31, 163, 276, 293, 366, 410, 548, 549, 561
see also Shiʿa: Zaydī; revolt: Zaydī
Zayd ibn Arqam 218, 334
Zayd ibn Ḥuṣayn al-Ṭāʾī 179, 561
Zayd ibn Thābit 39n50–52, 103, 353
Zayd ibn Wahb al-Juhanī 44
Zaynab bint ʿAlī
oration-text 390–394
miscellaneous re. Karbala and orations 77, 104, 108, 115n94, 163, 187, 226, 295, 311, 383, 384, 395, 396, 397, 398, 399, 400, 401, 402, 403, 404, 405, 448, 545, 548, 561
Ziyād ibn Abīhi
oration-text 345–348, 360, 361
miscellaneous re. orations and career 31, 39, 73, 76n58, 86, 87, 98, 108, 116, 117, 138, 140, 149, 164, 168, 179, 183, 184, 190, 206, 215, 225, 267, 350, 358, 359–361, 408, 411, 440n18, 541, 548, 555, 556, 559, 561
Ziyād ibn Kaʿb 179, 550, 561
Ziyād ibn al-Naḍr al-Ḥārithī 179, 561
Zoroastrian(s) 45n7, 225
Zubayr ibn ʿAlī al-Salīṭī 87, 131, 134, 189, 297, 324, 550, 561
Zubayr ibn al-ʿAwwām 77, 83, 84, 88, 177, 180, 359, 388, 552, 557, 561
Zufar ibn Qays 179, 550, 561
Zuhayr ibn Abī Sulmā 139
Zuhayr ibn Qayn 140n201, 187, 196, 213, 227, 294, 310, 550, 561
Zuhrī 43
Zulu panegyrics 18, 91
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Arabic Oration: Art and Function

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Cover Arabic Oration: Art and Function
E-Book ISBN:
9789004395800
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Brill
Print Publication Date:
18 Jan 2022

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