Outline of Egyptian Chronology
Egyptian chronology is still characterised by a certain degree of uncertainty, particularly for the predynastic and early dynastic period, since it is only from 690 BC that we have precise dates for individual regnal years.3
|
Predynastic Period |
c. 4400–3000 BC |
|
Badarian Period |
c. 4400–4000 |
|
Naqada I (Amratian) Period |
c. 4000–3500 |
|
Naqada II (Gerzean) Period |
c. 3500–3200 |
|
Naqada III Period |
c. 3200–3000 |
|
Early Dynastic Period |
c. 3000–2686 BC |
|
First Dynasty |
c. 3000–2890 |
|
Second Dynasty |
2890–2686 |
|
Old Kingdom |
2686–2160 BC |
|
Third Dynasty |
2686–2613 |
|
Fourth Dynasty |
2613–2494 |
|
Fifth Dynasty |
2494–2345 |
|
Sixth Dynasty |
2345–2181 |
|
Seventh and Eighth Dynasties |
2181–2160 |
|
First Intermediate Period |
2160–2055 BC |
|
Ninth and Tenth Dynasties |
2160–2025 |
|
Early Eleventh Dynasty |
2125–2055 |
|
Middle Kingdom |
2055–1650 BC |
|
Later Eleventh Dynasty |
2055–1985 |
|
Twelfth Dynasty |
1985–1773 |
|
Thirteenth Dynasty |
1773–after 1650 |
|
Fourteenth Dynasty |
1773–1650 |
|
Second Intermediate Period |
1650–1550 BC |
|
Fifteenth Dynasty |
1650–1550 |
|
Sixteenth Dynasty |
1650–1580 |
|
Seventeenth Dynasty |
c. 1580–1550 |
|
New Kingdom |
1550–1069 BC |
|
Eighteenth Dynasty |
1550–1295 |
|
Nineteenth Dynasty |
1295–1186 |
|
Twentieth Dynasty |
1186–1069 |
|
Third Intermediate Period |
1069–664 BC |
|
Twenty-First Dynasty |
1069–945 |
|
Twenty-Second Dynasty |
945–715 |
|
Twenty-Third Dynasty |
818–715 |
|
Twenty-Fourth Dynasty |
727–715 |
|
Twenty-Fifth Dynasty |
747–656 |
|
Late Period |
664–332 BC |
|
Twenty-Sixth Dynasty (Saite Period) |
664–525 |
|
Twenty-Seventh Dynasty (First Persian Period) |
525–404 |
|
Twenty-Eighth Dynasty |
404–399 |
|
Twenty-Ninth Dynasty |
399–380 |
|
Thirtieth Dynasty |
380–343 |
|
Second Persian Period |
343–332 |
|
Ptolemaic Period |
332–30 BC |
|
Macedonian Dynasty |
332–305 |
|
Ptolemaic Dynasty |
305–30 |
|
Roman Period |
30 BC–AD 395 |
The following chronological outline is based on the one provided in Shaw 2003, 480–489. For an overview of the evidence on which chronologies of ancient Egypt are based and the existing problems in establishing a chronology of Egyptian history see Hornung et al. 2006.