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Michał Tymowski
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Index

The name of contemporary authors and foreign words as they appear in the book, are given in italics.
Abofur, mountain range in the Sahara, see Adrar 281
Acculturation 4 , 5 , 201 , 218 , 223 , 234 , 239 , 310
Adahu, prisoner 65–68 , 202
Adam, biblical figure 196 , 199 , 282
Adrar, highlands in the Western Sahara 281
Afonso i, Congo ruler 183
Afonso v, king of Portugal 57 , 206 , 208 , 212 , 217 , 227 , 229 , 252 , 299
Afonso, Diogo, servant at the court of Infante Dom Henrique 51
Afonso, Fernão, caravel captain 61
Afonso, interpreter 71
Afonso, Luis Urbano 100
Afonso, son of João ii 171 , 174
Afonso, Violante, wife of Knight Álvaro de Vila Franca 215
African art 22 , 141 , 293 , 307 , 308
African chiefs, passim, see also chiefdom(s)
African kings, rulers, passim Boor, Damel, Mansa, Oba and Budomel, Bumi Jeleen, Ozolua, also Caramansa as an independent village’s chief
Africans 1–4 , 6 , 7 , 9 , 11–13 , 16 , 18–22 , 27–30 , 32–44 , 47–49 , 52–55 , 58–66 , 68–72 , 74–76 , 79 , 80 , 82 , 84–93 , 95 , 100 , 102 , 103 , 107 , 108 , 110 , 114–126 , 128–134 , 136–140 , 142–149 , 153 , 154 , 156 , 157 , 159–163 , 166 , 169 , 178–180 , 182 , 184 , 191 , 195 , 199 , 201 , 206 , 209 , 221–224 , 226 , 228 , 232 , 233 , 235 , 238 , 240 , 242 , 244 , 248 , 253 , 256–259 , 263–265 , 267 , 268 , 271 , 274–279 , 282 , 284 , 288–308 , 310–317 , 352–356 , 359 , 362 , 369
Afro-Portuguese, cultural-linguistic group, art 21 , 100
Aires, Gomes, exile, bigamist 226 , 247
Ajayi, Ade J. F. 8 , 9
Akan, cultural-linguistic group 60 , 63 , 79 , 80 , 83 , 132 , 133 , 135 , 144 , 147 , 149 , 160 , 236 , 253 , 356
Alarve, interpreter 65 , 67
Alarves, see Arabs 65 , 67 , 276
Albrecht v, king of Bavaria 101
Albreda, locality in Gambia 305
Albuquerque, Afonso de, Portuguese diplomat (second half of the 15th century – early 16th century) 141
Albuquerque, Luís de,xii 2 , 20 , 109 , 226 , 227 , 264 , 345 , 346 , 348 , 357 , 369
Alçacovas, treaty of 78 , 169
Alcaide (alcati), official on the Upper Guinea Coast 237 , 238 , 252
Aldeia das Duas Partes, village on the Mina Coast 78 , 130–133 , 135 , 137 , 141 , 148 , 150 , 242 , 253 , 278 , 298 , 304
Alem, an undefined and remote overseas region of West Africa 210
Alexandre-Bidon, Danièle 56 , 348
All Saints Hospital in Lisbon 231 , 232
Almada, André Alvares de, author of a description of the West African coast (end of the 16th century) 169 , 233 , 235–237 , 341
Almeido, Estevão de, knight of Infante Dom Henrique 50
Alonso, Vicenta C. 187 , 348
Álvares, Afonso, mulatto, author of comedies and dramas 189 , 216
Alvares, Rodrigo, inhabitant of Seville, organizer of an expedition to Guinea 72
Álvaro, de Vila Franca, knight 215
Álvaro, Dominican monk, confessor of João ii, missionary 175
Alvelos, Lopo de, page of Infante Dom Henrique 46
Amallam, Serer dignitary, Guitenyia’s relative 123 , 124
Amar, slave 205
Americas 5 , 190 , 191 , 309
Amselle, Jean-Loup 10 , 348 , 349 , 353
Andes Indians 285
Andrade, Elisa Silva 227 , 348
Andrea, Isola di Santo 54
Andrea, sailor 56
Andrea, slave woman 219
Anes, Isabel, widow 219
Angola 8 , 82 , 225 , 357
Animansa, title of local (Mande) chief 237 , 278
Anonymous portuguese pilot 17 , 56 , 58 , 94 , 169 , 203 , 255
Anna, Cabo di St. 48
Antonia, slave woman 252
Antwerp, viii 221
Arabs 67 , 187 , 276 , 278 , 280
Arensburg, Conrad 366
Arguim (Arguin), bay, island, castle and trading post 8 , 39 , 43 , 45 , 48 , 52 , 55 , 68 , 69 , 87 , 147 , 149 , 170 , 175 , 190 , 202 , 212 , 213 , 227 , 250 , 314
Aries, Philippe 41 , 348
Aristotle 282
Arquebus (Arquebuses) 137 , 181
Arrows (poisoned arrows) 36 , 37 , 40 , 49–51 , 54 , 73 , 95 , 137
Arzique, region 208 , 217
Asia, x 6 , 100 , 131 , 290 , 309
Athens 172
Atlantic African coast 4 , 8 , 222
Atlantic Ocean, (world, area) 2 , 3 , 8 , 190 , 191 , 307
Aubin, Jean 5 , 348 , 362 , 365 , 369
Augsburg 17 , 290
Austen, Ralph A. 8 , 190 , 348
Aveiro, João Afonso d’, envoy of king João ii to Benin 164 , 165 , 167
Avila, Catarina d’, wife of Fernão d’Avila, king’s slave 250
Avila, Fernão d’, king’s slave present at the castle of São Jorge da Mina 217
Avila, Fernão d’, slave and interpreter in Benin, freed for his services 217
Axim, fort and trading post 250 , 251 , 258
Azambuja, Diogo de, Portuguese diplomat, builder of the castle of São Jorge da Mina 77 , 80 , 121 , 130–146 , 148 , 228 , 250 , 251 , 293 , 298 , 300 , 303 , 304
Azeneg, (Azenegues), Azenegues Schirmeyros, Berber cultural-linguistic group, see also Znaga) 9 , 12 , 35 , 37–39 , 43–46 , 48 , 49 , 59 , 61 , 65 , 68 , 86 , 87 , 93 , 174 , 209 , 222 , 265 , 267 , 268 , 276 , 288 , 294 , 297
Azevedo, Pedro A. de 187 , 348
Aztecs 284
Babadilha, Afonso de, captain (commander) of the castle of São Jorge da Mina 250
Baga, cultural-linguistic group 294
Bagnoun, cultural-linguistic group 151
Balandier, Georges 5 , 8 , 349
Balanga, cultural-linguistic group 271
Balanta, cultural-linguistic group 3 , 191
Baldaia, Afonso Gonçalves, squire of Infante Dom Henrique 42
Ballong-Wen-Mewuda, Batora J. 149 , 240 , 251 , 252 , 345 , 349
Bambuk, region 281
Banaszkiewicz, Jacek 117 , 349
Banbana, slave woman 206
Banhiis, cultural-linguistic group 224
Banyun, cultural-linguistic group 151
Baptism 44 , 62 , 122 , 131 , 167 , 169 , 172–176 , 180 , 182 , 183 , 194 , 201 , 204–206 , 223234 , 300
Baptize(d) 45 , 62 , 64 , 71 , 165 , 166 , 174 , 175 , 182 , 194 , 199 , 200 , 201 , 204–206 , 212 , 213 , 216 , 217 , 222 , 287 , 300 , 312
Bara, region 109
Barbacins, see Serer(s), cultural-linguistic group from the Sine region 237
Barbacins, Rio de Sine and Sine-Saloum River
Barbot, John, author of a description of the West African coast (17th-18th centuries) 82 , 83 , 341 , 356
Barreira, Baltasar, Jesuit, author of reports from West Africa (early 17th century) 234 , 341
Barreiro, Álvaro Velho, informer of Valentim Fernandes 225 , 229 , 230
Barros, João de, author and historian of the Portuguese expeditions (16th century), v 17–19 , 53 , 56 , 64 , 77 , 79 , 80 , 97 , 119 , 121 , 122 , 125 , 131 , 132 , 134–138 , 145 , 146 , 163 , 165–176 , 180 , 183 , 184 , 250 , 278 , 280 , 292 , 294 , 300–303 , 316 , 341
Barry, Boubacar 78 , 191 , 349
Bassani, Ezio 22 , 97 , 99–101 , 141 , 257 , 273
Basset, René 79 , 349
Bati, region 275
Batimansa, title of local Mande chief 74 , 79 , 91 , 95 , 96 , 103 , 120 , 237 , 269 , 274 , 275 , 278
Baumann, Hermann 9 , 349
Bawol, one of the Wolof states 237
Baybry, slave 206
Bazin, Jean 10 , 349
Beafares, cultural-linguistic group 235
Beazley, Charles, Raymond,xii 15 , 31 , 41–50 , 52 , 65–68 , 85 , 87 , 88 , 93 , 95 , 107 , 108 , 147 , 195–198 , 201 , 202 , 241 , 243 , 244 , 266 , 267 , 282 , 283 , 287 , 346
Behaim, Martin, scholar from Nuremberg (15th-16th centuries) 16 , 242
Beja, prince of 171
Bemoi (Bemoim, Bemus, Bemoy, Benmui, Bomuim Gilem, Bumy Gilem, Bumugelem, and after his baptism, João), see also Bumi Jelen 8 , 93 , 163 , 168 , 169 , 171 , 174 , 301
Ben-Amos, Garshick Paula 302 , 349
Bennett, Herman L. 12 , 349
Benin, West African state, ca. 13th-19th century, iv, vii, viii 5 , 8–10 , 20–22 , 93 , 97 , 98 , 102 , 163–168 , 180 , 181 , 206 , 210 , 217 , 228 , 236 , 270 , 271 , 273 , 278 , 285 , 286 , 293–295 , 297 , 301 , 302 , 304–307 , 312 , 316 , 320–324 , 327 , 330 , 332
Berbers 1 , 35 , 47 , 48 , 59 , 65 , 67–71 , 76 , 87 , 119 , 187 , 209 , 266 , 276 , 280 , 287 , 290 , 295
Bernaldez, João, merchant 132 , 138
Bezaghichi Biziguiche
Bieżuńska-Małowist, Iza 199 , 265 , 295 , 349
Bini (Edo), cultural-linguistic group 20 , 97 , 295 , 312
Birmingham, David 251 , 349
Bisboror, dignitary of the Cayor state, relative of Budomel 115 , 142 , 301
Bissagos, islands 93 , 225 , 275
Bissau, town and islands 10 , 291
Bitterli, Urs 4 , 5 , 349
Biziguiche, chiefs unknown by name and described by the name of the territory over which they ruled, presumably part of the Cayor state 110 , 176 , 177
Biziguiche, part of the Atlantic coast in the Wolof country, and title of the local ruler 110 , 176 , 177
Black Moors 1 , 213 , 266 , 283 , 291
Blake, John William 7 , 61 , 164 , 165 , 172–174 , 180 , 225 , 229 , 232 , 255 , 256 , 280 , 299 , 341
Blanco (Branco), Cabo, see Cabo Blanco (Branco) 43–45 , 55 , 65 , 68 , 85 , 202 , 241
Blier, Suzanne Preston 304 , 349
Bojador, Cabo 6 , 7 , 30–32 , 41 , 42 , 65 , 95
Boor (bor, bur), title of a chief, and of the ruler in the Wolof and Serer languages 71 , 123 , 124 , 176–178 , 182 , 279
Borges, Álvaro, a Portuguese from São Tome 254 , 255
Bormelli (Bor Melli), title of the ruler of Mali, taken to be his name 237 , 280
Boto, Rui, doctor, dean at the University of Coimbra 203
Boulègue, Jean 2 , 3 , 7 , 20 , 36 , 39 , 48 , 103 , 110 , 123 , 126 , 129 , 149 , 169 , 176 , 177 , 227 , 228 , 230 , 232 , 235 , 237 , 256 , 279 , 341 , 345 , 349 , 350 , 358
Bourdon, Léon,xii 28 , 43 , 49 , 51 , 82 , 84 , 96 , 123 , 241 , 242 , 286 , 343 , 347
Bovill, Edward W. 8 , 190 , 278–280 , 350
Bows 47 , 50 , 51 , 73 , 91 , 95 , 133
Boxer, Charles Ralph 2 , 8 , 230 , 234 , 256 , 350
Bradbury, Robert E. 7 , 236 , 350
Braet, Herman 56 , 350
Brandão, João, envoy of the king of Portugal in Antwerp, viii 221
Brandon, William 5 , 18 , 350
Bras, mulatto, presumably a freed slave 255
Brásio, António,x, xi, xii 2 , 187 , 221 , 227 , 300 , 341 , 344–346 , 350
Brass, viii 80–82 , 299 , 305 , 325
Bread 123 , 159 , 200 , 250–252 , 254 , 287
Bronze, iv, vii, viii 9 , 97 , 100 , 103 , 271 , 306 , 320 , 321–325 , 327 , 330 , 332
Braudel, Fernand 208 , 350
Brazil 2 , 10 , 190
Breslau 17
Bristol 207
Britain, British, viii, ix 6
Brizida, slave woman 252
Brooks, George E. 3 , 5 , 11 , 109 , 149–152 , 191 , 226 , 229 , 230 , 233–235 , 237–239 , 299 , 306 , 350
Brosnahan, L. F. 79 , 351
Bruges 15 , 29 , 55 , 61 , 78 , 79 , 294 , 298
Brulez, Wilfrid 34 , 39 , 149 , 192 , 351
Budomel, Cayor ruler unknown by name and defined by this title – Bordamel (mid 15th century) 8 , 29 , 71 , 89–93 , 96 , 102 , 110 , 113–115 , 117 , 121 , 125–129 , 139–143 , 145 , 148 , 150 , 151 , 154 , 156 , 157 , 170 , 202 , 237 , 242 , 246 , 247 , 278 , 279 , 289 , 295 , 298 , 300–302 , 304
Buguendo, locality with a market 152
Bujok Elke 101 , 351
Bukar, slave 205
Bull(s) (papal) 32 , 20 , 51 , 58 , 61 , 286 , 287
Bulon, cultural-linguistic group 294
Bumi, heir, successor in Wolof language 169
Bumi Jeleen, Jolof ruler known in the oral tradition as Dyelen Mbey Leeti, in Portuguese texts as Bemoi, and after his baptism as João, see Bemoi 8 , 93 , 168–177 , 179–184
Bure, region of the West African interior 281
Burgkmair, Hans, artist, also worked in woodcut (15th-16th centuries), vii 17 , 290–292 , 318
Burgundy 94 , 96 , 101 , 309 , 313
Ca da Mosto, Alvise da, Venetian merchant and traveler, author of accounts of expeditions to Africa in the mid 15th century, x 8 , 12 , 15 , 28 , 29 , 32–39 , 52–54 , 56 , 57 , 59–61 , 64 , 70–76 , 79 , 86 , 88–97 , 102 , 103 , 108–118 , 120–122 , 125–129 , 132 , 139–145 , 147 , 148 , 150–154 , 156–158 , 160 , 162 , 163 , 169 , 170 , 192 , 200 , 202 , 216 , 226 , 237 , 242 , 245–248 , 256 , 267–271 , 274–281 , 283 , 288 , 289 , 294–302 , 304
Cabinets of curiosities 96 , 101
Cabo (Cape) Blanco (Branco) 43–45 , 55 , 65 , 68 , 85 , 202 , 241
Cabo (Cape) Noun (Nun) 6 , 32 , 41 , 42 , 263
Cabo (Cape) Verde 7 , 36 , 48 , 50 , 51 , 70 , 87 , 90 , 97 , 107 , 110 , 122 , 125 , 156 , 169 , 224 , 237 , 238 , 242 , 243 , 291 , 296
Cabo (Cape) Verde Islands, (see also Santiago Island) 226–233 , 238
Cabo Verdians 169 , 232
Cabo (Cape) Verga 94 , 272
Cabo (Cape) Senegal
Caçao, locality
Cacheu (São Domingos), river and region in Guinea-Bissau 8 , 10 , 29 , 75 , 132 , 133 , 151 , 153 , 224 , 230 , 233 , 238 , 275 , 278 , 279 , 314
Cadiz 78
Caldeira, Arlindo Manuel 17 , 188 , 210 , 219 , 256 , 342 , 351
Caldeira, Lopo, page of Infante Dom Henrique 17
Callistus iii, pope 61
Caminha, Álvaro de, captain (commander) of the Island of São Tomé 227
Campbell, Gwyn 3 , 351 , 353
Çanaga river, see also Senega, Senegal 266 , 267
Canarians 209 , 286 , 289 , 290
Canary Islands 52 , 209 , 286
Canny, Nicolas 3 , 7 , 351
Cannon(s), vii 36 , 37 , 54 , 137 , 144 , 181 , 297 , 305 , 322
Cantor, locality, port and rapids on the Gambia River 53 , 237
Cão, Diogo, sailor, caravel captain 78
Çapa (Sapi?), cultural-linguistic group, see also Zapa (?) 209 , 210
Caramansa (Caremanse, perhaps Kwamin Ansa?), chief of the settlement of Aldeia das Duas Partes 77 , 80 , 121 , 130–146 , 228 , 278 , 292 , 293 , 298 , 300 , 303
Caravel(s), passim
Carribean Islands 284
Cartography 13 , 19 , 94 , 280
Carvalho, Antonio P. de 187 , 351
Carvalho, A. Martins de. 345
Carvalho, Joaquim Barradas de 18 , 19 , 189 , 290 , 351
Casa da Mina 20
Casa dos Escravos 192
Casamansa, river 8 , 51 , 74 , 120 , 210 , 224 , 230 , 237 , 238 , 275 , 280
Casamansa, Mande ruler 79 , 278
Castanheira, João de, inhabitant of Madeira 202
Castile, kingdom of 15 , 73 , 78 , 96 , 130 , 164 , 192 , 193
Castilians 7 , 14 , 15 , 220
Castro, João de, merchant 230
Catalan Atlas 280
Catalina, slave girl, about 14 years of age 218
Catalina, slave woman, about 40 years of age 214 , 215
Catarina, slave woman 205
Cayor, one of the Wolof states 8 , 29 , 71 , 110 , 114–116 , 121 , 125 , 126 , 128 , 129 , 139 , 145 , 150 , 170 , 176 , 177 , 180–182
Cenival, Pierre de 343
Cerveira, Afonso, 15th-century Portuguese chronicler 14 , 28
Ceuta 18 , 174 , 276
Chabrowska, Anna 155 , 206 , 351
Chadeigne, Michel 2 , 351
Chama (Shama), locality on the Mina Coast 130
Charles the Bold of Burgundy, duke 94
Chartier, Roger 41 , 351
Chaunu, Pierre 2 , 53 , 200 , 351
Chief(s), passim
Chiefdom(s), (see also kafu) 36 , 48 , 60 , 61 , 79 , 133 , 144 , 153 , 178 , 180 , 236–238 , 278 , 279 , 289 , 306 , 308 , 311
Children, vii 3 , 35 , 42 , 43 , 48 , 57 , 59 , 60 , 80 , 81 , 88 , 188 , 193 , 194 , 197 , 204 , 197 , 204 , 205 , 209 , 212–216 , 221 , 227 , 253–256 , 272 , 281 , 290 , 291 , 318
Christianity (Christianitas) 8 , 13 , 109 , 129 , 131 , 134 , 143 , 145 , 168 , 173 , 180 , 218 , 223 , 233 , 271 , 283 , 290 , 292 , 295 , 301
Christianization 93 , 94 , 166 , 167 , 172 , 175 , 180 , 184 , 277 , 291
Christians 44 , 45 , 67 , 70 , 86 , 103 , 109 , 112 , 113 , 119 , 129 , 134 , 135 , 137 , 198 , 200 , 201 , 215 , 220 , 224 , 228 , 231 , 282 , 296 , 299 , 300
Chronicles 12 , 14 , 15 , 20 , 35 , 63 , 77 , 121 , 130 , 131 , 168 , 172 , 227 , 244 , 249 , 294 , 308
Church 174 , 175 , 183 , 217 , 219 , 234
Cidade, Hernâni A., x 17 , 53 , 56 , 64 , 77 , 80 , 97 , 121 , 122 , 132 , 135 , 136 , 138 , 145 , 165–168 , 170–172 , 180 , 250 , 280
Circumcision 234 , 270–273
Cissoko, Sékéné Mody 36 , 79 , 237 , 351
Claessen, Henri J. M. 116 , 352 , 369
Claesz, Cornelis, Dutch bookseller and publisher (16th-early 17th centuries) 158
Clergyman, viii 326
Cloth 74 , 80 , 81 , 103 , 133 , 141 , 151 , 152 , 155 , 159 , 160 , 207 , 299 , 302 , 303 , 313
Clothes 21 , 72 , 90 , 103 , 141 , 164 , 179 , 200 , 205 , 207 , 208 , 222 , 251 , 276 , 287 , 302 , 303 , 305
Códice Valentim Fernandes 12 , 16 , 18 , 99 , 151 , 152 , 222 , 224 , 248
Coelho, Gonçalo, Portuguese merchant in royal service among the Wolof people, later a scribe in the royal accounting offices 169 , 170
Conakry 94
Confraria do Rosario para Pretos, Dominican monastery in Lisbon 221
Confraternities 189 , 221
Congo, African state (14th-17th centuries) 4 , 8 , 163 , 167 , 183 , 207 , 228 , 301 , 316
Congo River, and contemporary state 8 , 299
Copper 9 , 155 , 160 , 208 , 242 , 279 , 299
Copperplate(s), viii, ix 154 , 158 , 336 , 337
Cordoba 203
Corrèa, António A. Mendes 14 , 352
Correa, Antonio, a lançado 231
Correia, João, kight of Infante Dom Henrique 50
Cortesão, Armando,xii 77 , 347
Cortesão, Jaime 1 , 352
Costa, Gomes Rita 96 , 352
Costa, José Pereira 342
Costa, Soeiro da, courtier of Infante Dom Pedro 229
Cotton 141 , 151 , 152 , 177 , 206 , 207 , 224 , 276 , 284 , 288 , 289 , 302 , 303
Coutinho, Francisco, count of Marialva 171
Coutinho, Gago 49 , 352
Couto, Dejanirah 64 , 352
Cresques, Abraham, 14th-century cartographer, author of the Catalan Atlas 19 , 280 , 347
Cristova, slave woman 252
Crone, Gerald R. 53 , 59 , 60 , 73 , 74–76 , 86 , 89–92 , 94 , 103 , 109 , 110 , 116 , 122 , 125 , 127 , 129 , 136 , 148 , 151 , 153 , 166 , 167 , 171 , 184 , 245 , 246 , 268–270 , 274 , 275 , 289 , 296 , 299 , 301 , 301 , 341–343
Crossbow(s), vii 36 , 37 , 47 , 52 , 54 , 60 , 91 , 144 , 181 , 297 , 299 , 304 , 312 , 313
Crowder, Michael 8 , 9 , 348 , 358
Crusade (crusade banner) 38 , 47
Cunha, Pero Vaz da, Portuguese dignitary, fleet commander 175 , 176 , 182 , 183
Curiosity 1 , 39 , 69 , 74 , 84–103 , 107 , 120 , 121 , 143 , 144 , 148 , 150 , 162 , 173 , 178 , 289 , 302 , 311–313
Curnow, Kathy 22 , 293 , 304–307 , 352
Curtin, Philip D. 3 , 4 , 8 , 11 , 149 , 190 , 230 , 264 , 352
Dadivas 103 , 152 , 156 , 238
Dagger(s) 98 , 176 , 299 , 304
Dalby, David 64 , 79 , 81–83 , 352
Dalton, George 277 , 352
Damel, title of Cayor ruler 126 , 176–178 , 182 , 279
Danish Kings’ collection 101
Dantzig, Albert van,viii, xi 83 , 135 , 136 , 149 , 158–160 , 248 , 253 , 277 , 344 , 352
Dapper, Olfert, author of a description of Africa (17th century) 154 , 156 , 157 , 302 , 336
Daveau, Suzanne 2 , 156 , 353
Decorse (DeCorse), Christopher R. 5 , 7 , 14 , 240 , 251 , 253 , 293 , 352
Delafosse, Eustache, merchant from Bruges, author of an account of travels to the Mina Coast (15th century), xi 9 , 15 , 16 , 28 , 29 , 34 , 55 , 57 , 59 , 61 , 62 , 77–83 , 88 , 103 , 130–134 , 143 , 144 , 148–150 , 153 , 163 , 200 , 225 , 242 , 244 , 253 , 278 , 279 , 294 , 298 , 304
Delafosse, Maurice 9 , 83 , 143 , 353
Delumeau, Jean 27 , 28 , 30 , 353
Denmark (Danish) 49 , 52 , 53 , 70 , 88 , 101 , 108 , 121 , 122 , 296
Devisse, Jean 2 , 8 , 20 , 27 , 188 , 264 , 278 , 290 , 353
Diagne, Pathé 123 , 353
Dias, Afonso, Portuguese who died at São Jorge da Mina, bigamous husband of Ines Eanes 249
Dias, Dinis, sailor and caravel captain 45 , 70 , 86 , 265
Dias, João, partner of Ines Eanes 249
Diffie, Bailey W. 2 , 353
Dignitary, vii, viii 123 , 136 , 141 , 304 , 319 , 327
Dinis, Dias António Joaquim 20 , 49 , 344 , 353
Dioula (see also Wangara), merchants 9 , 10 , 80 , 149 , 279 , 281 , 314
Dolz, Sylvia 305 , 353
Donelha, André, author of a description of the West African coast (17th century) 169 , 236
Dozon, Jean-Pierre 11 , 353
Duarte, Fausto 49 , 353
Duby, Georges 27 , 195 , 353
Ducat(s) 96 , 208 , 214
Dumett, Raymond E. 11 , 365 , 368
Dupront, Alphonse 5 , 27 , 353 , 354
Dürer, Albrecht, painter, etcher and theoretician of art (15th-16th centuries), viii 99 , 221 , 222 , 333 , 362
Dutch, xi 7 , 154 , 158 , 159
Dyolof state, see also Jolof 169
Eanes, Gil, sailor, squire, then knight at the court of Infante Dom Henrique 43 , 44 , 85 , 95 , 284
Eanes Gonçalo, husband of Ines Eanes 249
Eanes, Ines, Portuguese woman tried for bigamy 249
Eanes Lopo, Portuguese man from the island of São Tomé 254 , 255
Earle, Thomas F. 20 , 188 , 193 , 222 , 354 , 359 , 365
Early State, a form of emerging state 60 , 153 , 178 , 237–239 , 252
East Africa 8
Eastern Coast of Africa 316
Edo (Bini), cultural-linguistic group 20 , 97 , 295
Egharevba, Jacob 116 , 306 , 343 , 354
Egypt 190
Eisenhofer, Stefan 100 , 235 , 306 , 354
Ekpo, Eyo 306 , 347
Elbl, Ivana 2 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 122 , 190 , 354
Elena, slave woman 218
Elliott, John Huxtable 5 , 18 , 354
Elmina (see also Mina and São Jorge da Mina castle), viii 210 , 334
Eltis, David 190 , 191 , 354 , 363
Encerrabodes, Pedro Anes, knight, perished in Guinea 57 , 249
England (English) 7 , 8 , 14 , 20 , 32 , 83 , 112 , 131 , 154 , 158 , 163 , 193 , 225 , 255 , 256 , 356
Escravos, Rio dos 164
Escudier, Denis, xi 343
Escudo 208
Estado da India 7 , 316
Ethiopia, East African state
Ethiopia as Africa 12 , 58 , 266 , 290
Ethiops (Etiópios) as Africans 12 , 196 , 267 , 290 , 292
Eugene iv, pope 58 , 286
Europe 4 , 5 , 13 , 21 , 22 , 27 , 38 , 56 , 66 , 71 , 82 , 94–97 , 99–102 , 117 , 118 , 156 , 157 , 168 , 188 , 189 , 204 , 223 , 252 , 264–266 , 273 , 280 , 290 , 292 , 300 , 305 , 309–313 , 348 , 350 , 352 , 354 , 358–360
Europeans, I, iii, vi 1–14 , 19 , 20 , 22 , 27 , 28 , 34–41 , 51 , 53–55 , 57 , 59–64 , 66 , 68–71 , 74 , 75 , 77–82 , 84 , 89–93 , 96 , 98–103 , 108 , 112 , 114–115 , 117 , 118 , 120–125 , 128–130 , 132 , 136 , 137 , 139–142 , 144–146 , 148–150 , 152–161 , 163 , 165 , 168 , 170 , 171 , 178 , 179 , 182 , 184 , 188 , 189 , 191–193 , 222 , 224 , 226 , 227 , 233 , 235 , 240 , 244 , 247–249 , 251 , 253 , 254 , 257–259 , 263–267 , 269–271 , 273–279 , 281–285 , 287–289 , 291–317
Evans, Robert J. W. 102 , 354
Evora 193 , 299
Fage, John Donnelly 18 , 354
Fagg, William B. 22 , 97 , 99–101 , 141 , 257 , 273 , 294 , 297 , 304–306 , 347
Fala de Guiné (dos pretos, dos negros) 188 , 216 , 220
Fall, Yoro K. 19 , 354
Faran, title of local chief among the Mande 74 , 279 , 280
Farias, Paolo F. de Moraes 280 , 354
Farisangul (Farisangoli, Farosangoli), title of local Mande chief 74 , 237 , 274 , 278
Faro, Jorge 345 , 354
Farrar, Tarikhu 2 , 288 , 354
Fatima, slave woman in the service of Afonso v 205 , 206 , 208 , 217 , 252
Febvre, Lucien 27 , 195 , 345
Feinberg, Harvey 7 , 136 , 253 , 293 , 355
Ferdinand, Prince of Viseu 212
Fernandes, Álvaro, sailor and captain 51 , 107 , 108 , 242
Fernandes, João, squire of Infante Dom Henrique 39 , 69 , 87 , 119 , 163 , 276 , 277 , 287
Fernandes, Margarida, widow of Álvaro Gil 249
Fernandes, Martin, alfaqueque, i.e., official of Infante Dom Henrique responsible for redeeming hostages from the Maurs, interpreter 67
Fernandes, Valentim, author of a description of the West African coast (early 16th century) 9 , 10 , 12 , 16–19 , 28 , 32 , 35 , 40 , 56 , 64 , 72 , 94–96 , 98 , 147 , 151 , 152 , 156 , 160 , 222 , 224 , 225 , 227–229 , 233 , 235 , 237 , 246–248 , 254 , 267 , 271 , 274 , 276–279 , 294
Ferreira, João (Ganagoga), lançado 235
Fetu, locality 159
Fez 12 , 137 , 165 , 198 , 202 , 203
Five Rivers 7 , 164
Flandria (Flanders) 78 , 94 , 96 , 165 , 179 , 193 , 309 , 313
Florence 168 , 169
Fogaça, João, Portuguese man fighting in the vicinity of São Jorge da Mina 249
Fonseca, Jorge 4 , 188 , 193 , 194 , 204 , 205 , 208 , 221 , 355
Fontaine, Louis de la, merchant from Valenciennes (16th century) 78
Formoso, Rio 273
France (French) 2 , 7 , 14 , 16 , 187 , 207 , 255 , 290 , 309
Francisca, slave 214 , 252
Francisca, slave, mother of sold five-year-old slave Maria 214
Frazer, James G. 116 , 355
Frederic iii, Holy Roman Emperor 17 , 207
Freedman(men) 102 , 204 , 211 , 219–222
Freire, Francisco 5 , 7 , 8 , 14 , 175 , 293 , 355 , 358
Fulbe (Peul), cultural-linguistic group 235 , 238
Fulché-Delbosc, Raymond 342
Futa Toro, region and state, see also Great, Grand Fulo 235
Gadecki, Krzysztof 230 , 233 , 355
Gaden, Henri 169 , 170 , 343
Galway, locality in Ireland 95
Gama, Vasco da, sailor and discoverer 12 , 225
Gambia, river and region 7 , 29 , 36 , 37 , 51 , 53 , 54 , 59 , 74 , 90 , 91 , 95 , 109 , 110 , 120 , 132 , 133 , 210 , 225 , 228 , 230 , 235 , 237 , 238 , 269 , 274 , 280 , 281 , 294 , 296–298 , 305 , 314
Ganagoga, see Ferreira, João 235
Garamantes ancient, sub-Saharan people 265
Garcia, slave woman 252
Garrido, João, slave, freedman, interpreter 73 , 216 , 217
Gasparrini-Leporace, Tulia Leporace, Tulia, Gasparrini
Geba (see also Rio Grande) 10 , 75 , 120 , 230 , 238 , 271 , 362
Geloffa Wolof
Gemery, Henry A. 190 , 348 , 355
Genoa 15 , 148 , 255
Geremek, Bronisław 195 , 355
Germany, (German, Germans) 14 , 17 , 19 , 96 , 154 , 189 , 193 , 266 , 290 , 309
Gil, Álvaro, Portuguese man who died at São Jorge da Mina 249 , 250
Gil, Diogo, squire of Infante Dom Henrique 95
Gil, Rui, João ii’s master of the royal stables 207
Godelier, Maurice 277 , 355
Godemell (Bor-damel), ruler of Cayor unknown by name and defined by this title, see also Budomel 176–178 , 182
Godin, seven-year-old slave 214
Godinho, Vitorino Magalhães 2 , 8 , 18 , 38 , 39 , 149 , 187 , 193 , 343 , 355 , 360
Gogoli, region (?) or locality (?) in West Africa 210
Gois, Manuel de, Portuguese dignitary 217
Gold 62 , 73 , 81 , 90 , 103 , 119 , 130 , 134 , 141 , 15 , 151 , 159 , 160 , 164 , 170 , 173 , 208 , 213 , 270 , 280 , 281 , 283 , 284 , 298 , 315
Gold Coast, (see also Mina Coast, Mina, Minne d’Oro) 5 , 9 , 10 , 14 , 77–83 , 130–132 , 148 , 150 , 153 , 158 , 159 , 293
Gomes, Diogo, knight, sailor and author of an account of travels (see also Sintra, Diogo Gomes de) 1 , 12 , 16 , 28 , 29 , 32 , 41–43 , 46 , 53 , 55 , 56 , 61 , 66 , 70 , 88 , 95 , 97 , 103 , 108–110 , 121 , 125 , 147 , 226 , 246 , 248 , 263 , 274 , 277 , 278 , 281 , 288 , 294 , 297 , 298
Gomez, Beatriz, slave of Manuel the Fortunate, freed 252
Gonçalves, Álvaro, caravel pilot 46
Gonçalves, Antão, sailor and captain 65–67 , 69 , 241
Gonçalves Diogo, squire of Infante Dom Henrique 52
Gonçalves, João, free black sailor from Lisbon 70 , 87 , 107 , 220
Gonçalves, José 171 , 346
Goody, Jack R. 9 , 11 , 80 , 149 , 356
Gorée, Ilha, island, see also Ilha de Palma 107 , 120
Grain Coast 9
Granas, Jean-Jacques 23
Grande, Rio (see also Geba) 29 , 53 , 272 , 275
Great (Grand) Fulo, state 235
Great (Grand) Jolof state, see Jolof, Dyolof 169 , 170 , 176 , 177 , 180 , 181 , 245 , 280 , 289 , 349 , 364
Green, Toby (Tobias) 3 , 5 , 8 , 27 , 190 , 191 , 256 , 266 , 356
Gregory, Saint, pope 265
Griot(s) 14oral tradition
Grosjean, Georges 19 , 280 , 347
Grottanelli, Vinigi Lorenzo 100 , 356
Grumete, Gonçalo, fugitive 229
Grumete, auxiliary sailor, often a slave or freedman 191 , 220 , 228 , 229
Guer, Cap de 210
Guilherme, tax and customs dues collector in Madeira 229–231
Guimara, slave woman 252
Guinea as part of Africa (see also Lower, Upper Guinea), ix, xi, xii 1 , 7 , 9 , 12 , 13 , 17 , 45 , 47 , 57 , 72 , 73 , 82 , 136 , 145 , 182 , 192 , 203 , 205 , 206 , 209 , 213–220 , 225 , 228–232 , 234 , 235 , 254 , 265–267 , 290 , 291 , 318
Guinea, Bay of, Gulf of 132 , 164 , 274 , 303 , 305
Guinea coast 60 , 206 , 225–227 , 264
Guinea Bissau, contemporary African state 3 , 75 , 151 , 225 , 240 , 291
Guineans as Black Africans 1 , 13 , 17 , 48 , 50 , 51 , 95 , 107 , 265 , 266 , 318
Guitenyia (Guitenya), local Serer chief, v 71 , 81 , 108 , 121–125 , 140 , 142 , 143 , 298 , 300
Gulf of Guinea 7 , 132 , 274 , 303 , 305
Gundestrup, Benie 347
Guoaliter, Guedelha, Jewish merchant 217
Gurevich, Aron 356
Gwato (also Guato, Ughton), locality in the old state of Benin 164 , 165 , 167 , 236
Hair, Paul E. H. 2 , 7 , 10 , 14 , 18–20 , 28 , 29 , 64 , 77 , 79–83 , 122 , 126 , 130–133 , 135 , 145 , 148–150 , 154 , 225 , 233 , 240 , 250–252 , 264 , 293 , 300 , 303 , 341 , 343 , 346 , 352 , 356 , 357
Hakluyt, Richard, publisher of sources concerning English travels and discoveries (16th-early 17th centuries) 83
Hallett, Robin 8 , 357
Havik, Philip, J. 3 , 5 , 191 , 225 , 229 , 238 , 240 , 256 , 357
Hawthorne, Walter 3 , 5 , 10 , 11 , 191 , 357
Heleno, Manuel 187 , 357
Henige, David 133 , 357
Henricus, Martellus Germanus, cartographer (15th century) 169
Henrique, Infante, Dom, also called the Navigator or Prince Henry, prince of the Aviz Dynasty, organizer of the expeditions to Africa, xii 2 , 14 , 16 , 28 , 32 , 38 , 43 , 45–47 , 49–51 , 58 , 61 , 65–68 , 76 , 89 , 95 , 96 , 107 , 109 , 122 , 123 , 125 , 129 , 147 , 148 , 162 , 180 , 189 , 195 , 198 , 199 , 265 , 295 , 300 , 315 , 316 , 201 , 211 , 263 , 265 , 295 , 300 , 313 , 316
Henry, merchant from Bruges 55
Herbert, Eugenia W. 156 , 225 , 235 , 357
Herodotus, ancient Greek historian 265 , 280
Herskovits, Melville J. 5 , 6 , 192 , 357 , 366
Hirschberg, Walter 291 , 347
Hlibowicka-Węglarz, Barbara 256 , 357
Hodgen, Margaret T. 13 , 14 , 357
Hogendorn, Jan S. 190 , 348 , 255
Holanda, Duarte de, knight of Infante Dom Henrique 50
Holy See, see also papacy, pope 286 , 313
Homar (Omar), slave 205 , 208
Hopkins, Antony G. 8 , 11 , 103 , 150 , 157 , 190 , 278 , 279 , 357
Horse(s) 66 , 98 , 103 , 116 , 126–128 , 170 , 171 , 179 , 180 , 299 , 313
Horta, José da Silva 2–5 , 7 , 14 , 77 , 100 , 169 , 184 , 227–229 , 235 , 236 , 244 , 264 , 265 , 276 , 277 , 286 , 290 , 293 , 299 , 348 , 357 , 358 , 362
Horton, Robin 21 , 358
Huizinga, Johan 41 , 117 , 358
Hunter, Monica 6 , 358
Houston 22
Idjil, salt mine in the Sahara 280 , 369
Idolaters 94 , 269 , 272 , 273 , 289
Idolos, Island Dos (see also Los Islands) 94
Idols, see also statues of idols 94
India 7 , 17 , 18 , 100 , 165 , 225 , 290 , 309 , 316 , 360
Indian Ocean 7 , 316
Indians of America, (Andes, Aztecs, Mexican Indians) 264 , 284 , 285 , 370
Ines, slave woman 252
Infante, Dom Henrique Henrique, Infante
Inneh, Daniel 306 , 358
Innocent iv, pope 309
Insignia 134 , 140 , 141 , 312
Interpreter(s), v 10 , 34 , 45 , 47 , 54 , 64–77 , 82 , 83 , 91 , 108 , 110 , 115 , 118 , 120 , 122–126 , 130 , 131 , 134 , 135 , 138–144 , 172 , 173 , 202 , 206 , 207 , 211 , 216 , 217 , 220 , 235 , 252 , 257 , 274 , 275 , 294 , 296 , 297 , 310 , 312
Ireland 95
Iron 103 , 160 , 225–227 , 229 , 230 , 234
Isabel, slave woman 205 , 252
Isabelle, princess of Burgundy, of the Portuguese Aviz Dynasty, wife of Philippe iii le Bon 96
Iselin, Regula 158 , 358
Isert, Paul Erdman, author of a description of the Guinea Coast (18th century) 83
Isidore of Seville, early medieval scholar 265
Islam (Islamic civilisation) 64 , 92 , 109 , 116 , 129 , 181 , 206 , 266 , 272 , 273 , 309
Italy, Italians, viii 1 , 7 , 14 , 96 , 100 , 113 , 148 , 153 , 189 , 309
Ivory, vii, viii 2 , 9 , 21 , 22 , 71 , 87 , 96–103 , 123 , 124 , 225 , 229 , 257 , 273 , 294 , 298 , 303 , 306 , 319 , 325 , 328 , 329 , 331
Ivory Coast 9
Iwańczak, Wojciech 96 , 358
Jabell, slave woman 254 , 255
Jaen (Jahen), locality in Castile 214
Jagara (jagarafes) nobles, chiefs in the São Domingos region 152
Jago, also Thiago, (James), saint 4243
Jews 217 , 218 , 227 , 228
Joal River 29
João ii, Dom (John ii), king of Portugal, xi, xii 62 , 131 , 163 , 165 , 170–176 , 178–184 , 202 , 206 , 207 , 212 , 215 , 217 , 219 , 226 , 227 , 229 , 280 , 298 , 316 , 345 , 346
João iii, Dom (John iii), king of Portugal 167 , 177 , 183
João, Christian name of Bumi Jeleen (Bemoi) 8 , 93 , 163 , 168 , 169 , 171 , 344 , 346
João, Maria Isabel 2 , 358
John (João), see Prester John 175
Jolof (Dyolof) also Great (Grand) Jolof, the most important (suzerain) Wolof state 169 , 170 , 176 , 177 , 180 , 181 , 245 , 280 , 289 , 349
Jones, Adam,xi 83 , 100 , 101 , 136 , 154 , 158–160 , 248 , 253 , 277 , 341 , 342 , 344 , 359
Jordão, Levi Mearia 58 , 343
Jorge, saint 43
Jorge, stirrupbearer of Infante Dom Henrique 46
Kacraws, gold nuggets on the Mina Coast 160
Kafu, Mande term meaning chiefdom 79 , 133 , 237 , 238
Kanquies, bread sold at the market on the Mina Coast 159
Kaplan, Paul H. D. 222 , 359
Karpiński, Rafał 7 , 110 , 150 , 278 , 280 , 359
Katherina, slave in the service of João Brandão, viii, 221, 333 – fig. 19
Kieniewicz, Jan 2 , 3 , 6 , 359
Kimble, George H.,xi 98 , 136 , 263 , 270–273 , 285 , 290 , 344
Klave, Janina 216 , 359
Klein, Martin A. 3 , 213 , 241 , 366 , 369
Knight(s), vii, viii 1 , 2 , 12 , 13 , 16 , 17 , 28 , 29 , 33–35 , 37–39 , 42 , 47 , 49–53 , 56–59 , 70 , 84 , 85 , 88 , 95 , 107–110 , 121–123 , 125 , 147 , 148 , 171 , 182 , 189 , 191 , 192 , 204 , 207 , 212 , 213 , 215 , 226 , 236 , 243 , 249 , 263 , 265 , 294 , 296 , 297 , 300 , 302 , 304 , 306 , 312 , 322 , 323 , 337
Kola nuts 103 , 233 , 279
Konare, Alpha Oumar 74 , 79 , 132 , 237 , 359
Kra, cultural-linguistic group 83
Kup, A. P. 99 , 359
Kurczewski, Jacek 117 , 359
Kwaśniewski, Krzysztof 192 , 359
Lagos 47 , 73 , 194 , 195 , 197 , 199 , 207 , 211 , 216 , 229 , 286 , 315
Lahon, Didier 4 , 189 , 221 , 359
Lamp, Frederik J. 21 , 99 , 360
Lamy, Jehan, French merchant, author of a dictionary (16th century) 83
Lançado(s) 100 , 140 , 152 , 224–240 , 256–258 , 306 , 310 , 313
Lançarote, sailor, squire, then knight at the court of Infante Dom Henrique 43 , 47 , 195 , 199 , 244
Lane, Frederic Chapin 114 , 360
Latin, iv 14 , 16 , 29 , 32 , 46 , 154 , 175 , 181 , 266
Laurent du Tertre, Marie-Pierre,x 29 , 93 , 111 , 113 , 126 , 342 , 360
Laurioux, Bruno 117 , 360
Lauwers, Michel 56 , 360
Law, Robin 116 , 128 , 341 , 360
Lawrence, Arnold Walter 149 , 135 , 360
Le Fur, Yves 3 , 101 , 347
Le Goff, Jacques 27 , 154 , 195
Leipzig 21
Leitão, Humberto 29 , 109 , 148 , 226 , 360
Leitch, Stephaine 264 , 290 , 291 , 360
Leite, Duarte 1 , 38 , 226 , 360 , 370
Lemos, Coelho Francisco de, author of a description of the West African coast (17th century) 169
Leo (Lev), Jaroslav of Rožmitál, Bohemian nobleman and traveler 212
Leonor, slave woman 219
Leporace, Tulia Gasparrini,x 12 , 15 , 32 , 34 , 36–39 , 52–54 , 57 , 59–61 , 64 , 70–76 , 86 , 88–92 , 95 , 96 , 103 , 109 , 111 , 113–116 , 120–122 , 126–129 , 132 , 147 , 148 , 151 , 153 , 156 , 162 , 163 , 170 , 192 , 202 , 216 , 226 , 237 , 242 , 245–247 , 168–270 , 274–276 , 278 , 280 , 284 , 289 , 295–297 , 299 , 301–204 , 342
Levant 165 , 190 , 309
Levenson, Jay A. 5 , 347 , 362
Levtzion, Nehemia 36 , 360
Liberia, contemporary African state 75 , 91 , 275
Linton, Ralph 5 , 192 , 366
Lisbon, x, xi, xii 17 , 55 , 76–78 , 101 , 163 , 168 , 169 , 171 , 188 , 189
London 21
Lopes, Edmundo A. C. 187 , 360
Lopes, Gonçalo, Portuguese man in royal service sent to Guinea 225
López, Juan, free black inhabitant of Seville 220
Los Islands (see Idolos, Islands dos) 94
Louis ix (Saint Louis), king of France 309
Lourenço, slave from Benin 210
Lovejoy, Paul E. 3 , 190 , 279 , 360
Lowe, Kate J. P. 4 , 20 , 188 , 189 , 193 , 222 , 354 , 359
Lower Guinea 9
Luschan, Felix von,vii, viii 21 , 141 , 181 , 347
Luso-Africans 3 , 169 , 191 , 235 , 238 , 256
Luzia, slave woman 219
M’Bokolo, Elikia 5 , 10 , 348 , 349 , 353 , 360
Machado, Diogo, knight of Infante Dom Henrique 50
MacGaffey, Wyatt 4 , 360
Madeira 202 , 229
Mafamede, slave 205
Magdalena, slave woman 214 , 252
Mahomed, slave 218
Mahomet, (also Mafamede) prophet 174 , 205 , 271 , 272
Mair, Lucy 6 , 360
Majorca 280
Makarius, Laura 116 , 361
Malacco, Felipe Silveira de Oliveira 2 , 20 , 21 , 96–98 , 294 , 361
Malagueta, type of pepper 165 , 298
Mali, West African state ca. 13th-17th century 8 , 36 , 79 , 170 , 175 , 180 , 237 , 280 , 281
Malinowski, Bronisław 6 , 117 , 361
Małowist, Marian 2 , 8 , 11 , 14 , 38 , 39 , 42 , 64 , 69 , 78 , 84 , 103 , 110 , 122 , 130 , 147 , 149–151 , 187 , 190 , 195 , 199 , 228 , 230 , 265 , 278 , 279 , 295 , 349 , 359 , 361
Mande, cultural-linguistic group, see also Mandingo(s) 34 , 74 , 79 , 80 , 132 , 133 , 153 , 210 , 236 , 237 , 253 , 274 , 279 , 280 , 294 , 295 , 298
Mandingo, cultural-linguistic group 10 , 60 , 63 , 76 , 109 , 205 , 210 , 224 , 230 , 235 , 237 , 238 , 246–248 , 269 , 271 , 272 , 274–276 , 278 , 279 , 281 , 282
Mandrou, Robert 27 , 195 , 361
Manes, ethno-linguistic group 100
Manikowska, Halina 18 , 361
Manilha(s),vii, viii 81 , 103 , 305 , 313 , 323 , 325
Mansa, title of ruler among Mande peoples 74 , 79 , 109 , 132 , 133 , 180 , 237 , 278–280
Manuel the Fortunate, (Dom Manuel) king of Portugal, earlier Duke of Beja 167 , 177 , 203 , 210 , 217 , 230 , 232 , 252
Manumission 203 , 205 , 208 , 216–219
Marabout(s) 11 , 116 , 123 , 129 , 181 , 295
Maravedi, Spanish copper coin 72 , 207 , 208 , 214 , 219 , 220
Marchionni, Bartolomeo, Italian merchant 192 , 217
Marees, Pieter de, author of an early 17th-century description of the Mina Coast, ix, xi 83 , 136 , 154 , 157–160 , 248 , 253 , 277 , 337
Marfin, Esteban, worker (lavrador) from Seville 220
Margarida, slave woman 252
Margarido, Alfredo 2 , 81 , 264 , 287 , 361 , 362
Margolin, Jean-Claude 117 , 362
Maria, five-year-old slave, daughter of the slave Francisca 214
Maria, seven-year-old slave in Jahen 214
Maria, slave woman 205
Maria Velha, slave woman 252
Marinho, João, husband of Ines Pires 249
Mark, Peter 2 , 3 , 7 , 20–22 , 97–101 , 191 , 228 , 229 , 235 , 236 , 256 , 264 , 294 , 299 , 347 , 362
Market(s), ix 11 , 21 , 90 , 128 , 148 , 154 , 158–161 , 212 , 225 , 235 , 276–278 , 302 , 311 , 313 , 337
Marques, Alfredo Pinheiro 5 , 20 , 362
Marques, João Martins da Silva 19 , 343
Marr, Alexander 102 , 354
Martin, Hervé 27 , 195 , 362
Massing, Jean Michel 222 , 264 , 291 , 362
Mastos, Cabo dos 51 , 242
Mauny, Raymond,xi, xii 13 , 18 , 32 , 35 , 40 , 56 , 78 , 94 , 98 , 109 , 122 , 132 , 137 , 141 , 148 , 150 , 153 , 156 , 159 , 226 , 228 , 237
Mauriès, Patrick 101 , 363
Mauss, Marcel 277 , 363
Mbiti, John S. 252 , 363
Mecia, slave woman 264 , 363
Medeiros, François de 264 , 363
Mediterranean (coast, countries, region) 13 , 188 , 190 , 193 , 199 , 295
Meillassoux, Claude 150 , 221 , 277 , 278 , 363
Mękarski, Artur 23 , 370
Mendes, Aontónio de Almeida 3 , 4 , 187 , 188 , 190 , 191 , 193 , 211 , 213 , 229 , 363
Merchant(s), vii 9 , 11 , 13 , 15–17 , 28 , 33–36 , 38 , 54 , 55 , 59 , 61 , 62 , 72–75 , 77–83 , 101 , 102 , 109 , 110 , 114 , 115 , 119 , 121 , 125–128 , 130 , 132 , 140 , 141 , 144 , 147–157 , 160 , 168 , 174 , 178–180 , 183 , 184 , 192 , 200 , 202 , 216 , 217 , 224 , 226 , 230 , 325–237 , 240 , 242 , 255 , 268–270 , 274 , 275 , 277 , 279–284 , 292 , 294–296 , 208 , 300–309 , 312 , 314 , 323 , 324
Meurs, Jacob van, Dutch publisher and engraver (17th century) 154
Mexia Andrés, black freedman, soldier 219
Mexia Anton, black freedman, soldier 219
Mexia, Lope, monk 218
Mexia, Pedro, slave owner 215
Mexia, Teresa, relative of Lope Mexia 218
Mexican Indians 285
Meymam, Ahude, African merchant 119
Mezquita Luís de la, slave owner 215
Middle Ages 16 , 27 , 32 , 56 , 165 , 187–189 , 199 , 263–265 , 280 , 309
Middle East 309
Miers, Suzanne 3 , 351 , 363
Milanesi, Marica,x 15 , 64 , 71–76 , 111 , 256 , 268–270 , 342 , 344 , 345
Miller, Joseph C. 3 , 351 , 363
Mina 56 , 58 , 99 , 122 , 130 , 131 , 145 , 146 , 149 , 159 , 160 , 166 , 167 , 175 , 210 , 228 , 236 , 250–253 , 257 , 314
Mina castle São Jorge da Mina castle
Mina Coast 9 , 10 , 16 , 29 , 61 , 80 , 121 , 130 , 132 , 153 , 253 , 273 , 278 , 279 , 293 , 294 , 298 , 337
Mine (Minne) d’Or 130 , 150
Minef, important member of the local Serer community 123 , 124 , 142 , 143
Missionary 81 , 83 , 84 , 123 , 165 , 273 , 284 , 305 , 311 , 316
Mission(s) 8 , 45 , 74 , 93 , 125 , 163 , 164 , 167 , 169 , 170 , 176–180 , 182–184 , 286 , 302
Misurado, Cabo 269 , 275
Modena 101
Mohr(s) 212 , 213 , 266 , 291
Mollat, Michel 2 , 20 , 27 , 126 , 188 , 264 , 290 , 353 , 363
Mongol Empire 309
Monod, Theodore,xii 9 , 35 , 69 , 95 , 147 , 149 , 343 , 347 , 349 , 363
Monomotapa, East African pre-colonial state 8
Monopoly, Portuguese, Royal monopoly 7 , 16 , 29 , 61 , 62 , 73 , 78 , 130 , 148 , 309
Montalboddo, Fracanzano di, 16th-century Italian publisher 345
Monteil, Charles 74 , 79 , 141 , 169 , 206 , 302 , 363 , 364
Monteil, Vincent 169 , 364
Moor(s), Mouro(s) 1 , 39 , 42–44 , 47 , 48 , 52 , 55 , 57 , 65–68 , 73 , 87 , 93 , 187 , 195 , 198 , 201 , 205 , 206 , 212 , 213 , 217 , 241 , 244 , 265–267 , 271 , 283 , 291
Moravia 17 , 64
Morgan, Philip 3 , 7 , 351
Morocco 12 , 64 , 190 , 217
Mosque 129
Mota, Avelino Teixeira da,xii 2 , 4 , 7 , 19 , 20 , 38 , 48 , 49 , 52 , 53 , 64 , 70 , 77 , 94 , 99 , 103 , 109 , 123 , 130 , 152 , 156 , 168 , 169 , 175 , 225–228 , 230 , 235 , 238–240 , 242 , 243 , 251 , 252 , 256 , 264 , 341 , 343 , 344 , 247 , 350 , 356
Mota, Thiago 2 , 21 , 97 , 98 , 100 , 307 , 364
Mouser, Bruce L. 235 , 364
Muça, slave 72 , 205 , 206
Mudimbe, Vincent 12 , 13 , 364
Mulatto(s) 102 , 140 , 189 , 196 , 215 , 216 , 223 , 229 , 236 , 353–255 , 257 , 267
Müller, Wilhelm, author of a 17th-century description of Africa 83
Muñón, Sancho de, owner of an interpreter slave, inhabitant of Seville 72
Münzer, Hieronimus, scholar from Nuremberg 17 , 66 , 72 , 84 , 96 , 97 , 242 , 268 , 277 , 290
Musketeer(s), vii 168 , 181 , 305 , 306 , 320
Musket(s), vii 181 , 297 , 305
Muslim(s) 11 , 93 , 116 , 119 , 122 , 123 , 129 , 205 , 206 , 218 , 219 , 237 , 266 , 271 , 273 , 283 , 309
Nafafé, José Lingna 3 , 5 , 169 , 191 , 234 , 364
Nalu, cultural-linguistic group 294
Nascimento, Aires A. 16 , 346
Ndiaye, Leyti Oumar 169 , 364
Nemésio, Vitorino 2 , 365
Negro(es) 45 , 73 , 75 , 76 , 85 , 90 , 93 , 127 , 132 , 137 , 164 , 165 , 172 , 176 , 188 , 197 , 207 , 208 , 216 , 224 , 225 , 228 , 230 , 231 , 246 , 248 , 254 , 255 , 263 , 265–268 , 270–273 , 275 , 285 , 291 , 296 , 300 , 302
New World (see also Americas) 190
New York 22
Newitt, Malyn 2 , 230 , 233 , 235 , 238 , 267 , 301 , 344 , 365
Nicholas v, pope 32
Nieblo, Pedro de, money-lender from Seville 220
Niger Delta 18
Niger River 7 , 18 , 149 , 273
Nigeria 294
Nil River, also as its supposed branch – Senegal) 266
Niomi, region
Niomimansa (Nomymans, Nomi Mansa, Niumi Mansa, Nomimansa), title of local Mande chief, or perhaps name of the Niominka-Serer people 109 , 110 , 237 , 278
Niominka (Niominka-Serer people), part of the Serer cultural-linguistic group 50 , 52 , 54 , 70 , 73 , 74 , 108 , 109
North Africa 82 , 93 , 128 , 190 , 191 , 201 , 280 , 309
North West Africa
Northrup, David 4 , 169 , 241 , 293 , 365
Noun, Cabo Cabo Noun
Nowak, Bronisław 4 , 8 , 80 , 149 , 163 , 190 , 279 , 365
Nuremberg 16 , 17 , 29 , 96 , 101 , 312
O’Callaghan, Joseph F. 286 , 365
Oba, title of the ruler of the Benin state 8 , 164–168 , 181 , 295 , 302 , 306
Olivieri, Paolo d’, Florentine merchant 168 , 170 , 175 , 346
Oosaa, chimpanzee 285
Oral tradition, also oral culture, sources, transmission 4 , 9 , 14 , 163 , 169 , 170 , 175 , 237 , 281 , 293
Order of Christ 38
Orvieto 100
Osadolor, Osarhieme Benson 306
Osorio Diego, inhabitant of Seville 219
Oro, Rio de 42 , 55 , 95 , 241
Ozolua, oba (ruler) of Benin 164
Pacheco, Pereira Duarte, Portuguese knight, official and author of an early 16th-century description of the West African coast, xi 10 , 12 , 13 , 17–19 , 28 , 32 , 40 , 56 , 78 , 94 , 98 , 99 , 122 , 132 , 136 , 137 , 148 , 150 , 156 , 237 , 250 , 263 , 264 , 270–274 , 281 , 282 , 285 , 286 , 290 , 292 , 294 , 303 , 316
Pagan(s) 84 , 119 , 129 , 145 , 167 , 172 , 174 , 182 , 201 , 271 , 273 , 274 , 283 , 284 , 286 , 288 , 311 , 312 , 316
Paganism 184 , 290 , 292
Pagden, Anthony 5 , 365
Paghangniotti, Sandro, Florentine merchant 168
Paiva, Gonçalo de, Portuguese noble and fugitive 230
Palau-Marti, Montserrat 116 , 365
Palencia, Alonso de, Spanish chronicler 15 , 130 , 131 , 345
Palm wine 103 , 123 , 152 , 159 , 160
Palma di Budomel, locality and port 126
Palma, Ilha de, see also Gorée 107
Palmela, castle 171
Papacy, pope 58 , 101 , 175 , 181 , 286 , 309
Paraiso, Mestre de, painter 101
Paris 3 , 21 , 83
Parkinson, Stephen 2 , 354 , 365
Parry, John Horace 5 , 365
Paviot, Jacque 5 , 365
Paz y Melia, António 345
Pearson, Harry 366
Pedro, 14-year-old Canarian slave 218
Pedro Muça, slave and interpreter 72 , 206
Pedro, Portuguese Infante (heir to the throne) 229
Penda, slave woman 206
Pendra, slave woman 215
Penteado João, runaway slave 202
Penteado, Fernão, slave owner 202
Pepper 9 , 149 , 150 , 153 , 164–166 , 298
Pepper Coast 9 , 78 , 148 , 149 , 273 , 352
Pereira, Diogo, miller and lançado 231
Pereira, Gabriel 43 , 365
Perinbam, B. Marie 11 , 80 , 149 , 365
Pero Negro, slave and freedman 202 , 203 , 217
Perrot, Claude, H. 343
Perrot, Thomas, merchant from Bruges 55
Person, Yves 143 , 366
Petite Côte 237 , 238
Philippe iii le Bon, Prince of Burgundy 96
Pike, Ruth 209 , 366
Piłaszewicz, Stanisław 297 , 366
Pimenta de rabo (tailed pepper) 165
Pina, Rui de, Portuguese chronicler, xi 15 , 64 , 77 , 79 , 80 , 122 , 131 , 132 , 134–138 , 145 , 146 , 163–168 , 171–176 , 183 , 184 , 227 , 250 , 254 , 278 , 294 , 301 , 303 , 316
Pinelo, Pedro, canon 219
Pinos, Bartolomé de, freedman, grumete (auxiliary sailor?) from Seville 220
Pinto-Bull, Benjamin 103 , 176 , 177 , 341
Pires, Gomes, commander of the royal caravel 48 , 70 , 87 , 95 , 102 , 107 , 120 , 266
Pires, Ines, Portuguese woman accused of bigamy 249
Pires, Maria, slave owner 207
Pitt-Rivers, Augustus Henry L.,iv, vii, viii 21 , 181 , 347
Plankensteiner, Barbara 9 , 21 , 97 , 100 , 181 , 294 , 302 , 304–306 , 347 , 349 , 353 , 354 , 358
Plantation(s) 7 , 187 , 190 , 227
Polanyi, Karl 277 , 366
Polo, Marco, Venetian merchant and explorer, 13th-14th centuries 309
Pomian, Krzysztof 101 , 102 , 313 , 366
Popplau, Niclas von, traveler from Silesia 17 , 207 , 212 , 213 , 312 , 345
Porto, Joham do, almoxarife (administrator) of the Casa dos Escravos 192
Portugal, Portuguese(s), passim
Posern-Zieliński, Aleksander 5 , 366
Prado, Castilian merchant, condemned for breaking the Portuguese trade monopoly, executed 61
Prestage, Edgar,xii 346
Prester, John, presumed African Christian ruler, perhaps the ruler of Ethiopia 175
Priest(s) 143 , 165 , 166 , 167 , 175 , 233 , 300 , 304 , 305
Ptolemy, ancient geographer 12 , 263
Pulgar, Fernando del, Spanish chronicler 15 , 130 , 131 , 345
Quinn, David B. 5 , 366
Quintino, Fernando R. Rogado 265 , 351 , 366
Radzikowski, Piotr 345
Rainolds, Richard, author of an account of travels to Africa (late 16th century) 236
Ramusio, Giovanni Battista, 16th-century Italian publisher of travel accounts, x 15 , 17 , 111 , 112 , 255 , 256
Randles, William G. L. 8 , 366
Rau, Virginia R. 187 , 366
Real, Spanish coin 214
Rebelo, Fernão, black free inhabitant of Lisbon, husband of Isabel Anes 219
Reber, Arthur S. 30 , 366
Reconquista 1 , 42 , 64 , 119 , 266
Redfield, Robert 5 , 192 , 366
Rego, António da Silva 19 , 20 , 343
Reinel, Pedro, Portuguese cartographer (turn of the 15th century) 94
Renaissance 4 , 13 , 18 , 22 , 188 , 189 , 347 , 348 , 351 , 354 , 359 , 362 , 367 , 371
Resende, Garcia de, Portuguese 15th-century chronicler, xii 15 , 132 , 168 , 171–176 , 183 , 227 , 301 , 316 , 346
Resgates, Luso-African trading places 149
Rexia, Rui Laurenço, sailor and convict 229
Ribeira Grande, settlement 27
Richards, Audrey I. 6 , 366
Richardson, David 190 , 191 , 193 , 354 , 363
Rigaux, Dominique 117 , 366
Robertson, Claire C. 3 , 213 , 366 , 369
Rodney, Walter 100 , 230 , 232 , 235 , 366
Rodrigo, slave 72
Rodrigues, Afonso, merchant condemned for violating the Portuguese trade monopoly, pardoned 62
Rodriguez, Elvira, black freed inhabitant of Seville 219 , 221
Rodriguez Juana, black slave of Elvira Rodriguez 219
Roiz, Gonçalo, ship captain tried for cruelty 212
Rome 58
Roncière, Charles de la 280 , 347
Rosenwein, Barbara 27 , 366
Roteiros 18 , 19
Rowe, John Howland 13–14 , 367
Rubiés, Joan-Paul 14 , 367
Russell, Peter E. 2 , 15 , 29 , 32 , 35 , 55 , 64 , 66 , 69 , 79 , 84–85 , 97 , 109 , 162 , 180 , 182–184 , 187 , 195 , 200 , 216 , 286 , 294 , 300–301 , 367
Russell-Wood, A. J. R. 2 , 188 , 367
Ryan, Michael T. 5 , 367
Ryder, Alan F. C. 14 , 93 , 97–98 , 164–165 , 167 , 236 , 302 , 367
Sagres, Cabo 94 , 269
Sahara 3 , 7–9 , 12 , 14 , 48 , 59 , 60–61 , 91 , 128 , 147 , 163 , 170 , 180 , 190–191 , 209 , 213 , 241 , 264–266 , 276 , 278 , 280–281 , 295 , 310 , 314
Sahlins, Marshall 277 , 367
Saloum River Sine-Saloum River
Salt 103 , 279 , 280
Saltcellar(s) in ivory, vii, viii 21 , 87 , 97–99 , 100–102 , 141 , 257 , 273 , 319 , 325 , 328 , 329 , 331
Salvado, Afonso, degredado 228
Samsonowicz, Henryk 13 , 154 , 368
Santiago, ship 20 , 103 , 152 , 156 , 225 , 230 , 232 , 238 , 278
Santiago Island 27 , 227 , 231 , 232 , 258
Santos, Maria Emilia Madeira,xii, - 2 , 20 , 109 , 227 , 345–346 , 348 , 368369
Santos, Vanicléia Silva 21 , 97–98 , 361 , 364 , 368
São Domingos (Cacheu) River 8 , 103 , 151 , 225 , 228 , 230 , 232–233 , 238 , 275 , 278–279 , 314
São Jorge da Mina, castle, viii 18 , 58 , 78 , 102 , 143 , 148 , 149 , 164 , 217 , 227–228 , 236 , 240 , 250 , 251 , 253 , 257 , 258 , 293 , 303 , 335 , 336
São Tomé Island 7 , 17 , 183 , 187 , 190 , 202 , 226–228 , 247 , 250 , 253–255 , 257
Sapi (Temne), cultural-linguistic group of people 10 , 20–21 , 97–101 , 141 , 209 , 232 , 256–257 , 294 , 307 , 312
Satam, influential member of the local Serer community 123–124 , 142–143
Saunders, Alastair C. de C. M., - 3 , 55–56 , 187 , 189 , 192193 , 200 , 209–211 , 216 , 218–219 , 299 , 368
Sauvageot, Serge 255 , 346
Sauzet, Robert 117 , 362
Scammell, Geoffrey v. 5 , 368
Scarification, viii 234 , 270–271 , 273 , 329 , 330
Sculpture(s) from Sierra Leone and Benin 9 , 20–22 , 97–102 , 168 , 181 , 256 , 257 , 271 , 273 , 294 , 295 , 297 , 302 , 304–308 , 311–313 , 319–332
Segmentary political organization (system) 59 , 61 , 130 , 133 , 153 , 237–238 , 279 , 304 , 306 , 311
Seipel, Wilfried 101 , 348
Seixas, Francisco de, Portuguese man present at the castle of São Jorge da Mina 252
Seixas, Pero de, Portuguese man present at the castle of São Jorge da Mina 252
Senegal as Jolof State 169 , 289
Senegal River, also known as Senaga, Çenaga 1 , 10 , 12 , 35 , 36 , 45 , 48 , 54 , 70 , 74 , 125 , 170 , 175–176 , 181 , 209 , 228 , 230 , 264 , 265 , 267 , 290 , 295
Senegambia ix 7 , 8 , 27 , 191 , 237 , 238 , 339
Serer cultural-linguistic group 10 , 36 , 50–52 , 54 , 60 , 63 , 70–71 , 73 , 88 , 108 , 121–123 , 139 , 143–144 , 237 , 274 , 279 , 294–297
Serrão, Joel 78 , 368
Setúbal 171 , 215
Seville 72 , 203 , 205 , 208–210 , 212–215 , 218–220 , 223 , 265
Shama (see also Chama), locality on the Mina Coast 130 , 133
Shannon, Alex 23 , 370
Shield(s) 35 , 51 , 133
Sierra Leone, vii, viii 7 , 20–22 , 56 , 68 , 75 , 87 , 97–100 , 102–103 , 141 , 148 , 200 , 206 , 210 , 225–228 , 230–234 , 238 , 244 , 256–257 , 264 , 272–273 , 276 , 285 , 293 , 294 , 297 , 303–307 , 312 , 319 , 325–326 , 328–329 , 331
Sierra Leone (Lyoa) Coast 10 , 230
Signorelli, Luca, Italian Renaissance painter 100
Silent trade 280–281 , 283
Silesia 207 , 212 , 312
Sillamy, Norbert 30 , 368
Silva, José Gentil da 2 , 69 , 147 , 368
Silva, Maria da Graça Garcia Nolasco da 230–231 , 233 , 346 , 368
Silva Marques, João Martins da 19 , 343
Simo, association 233
Sine River, see also Sine-Saloum 237
Sine, political organization of the Serer 122 , 279
Sine-Saloum River 52 , 54 , 108 , 122 , 237 , 296
Sintra, Diogo Gomes de (see also Gomes, Diogo) 12 , 16 , 32 , 65 , 70 , 103 , 110 , 263 , 281 , 288
Sintra, Gonçalo da, sailor and captain 43 , 45–47 , 56 , 68 , 87 , 93 , 119 , 202 , 265
Sintra, Pedro de, sailor and captain, x 15 , 75 , 91 , 162 , 269 , 275
Sixtus iv, pope 58 , 61
Skalník, Petr 352
Slave(s), passim
Slave Coast 7 , 9
Slave trade 3 , 7 , 184 , 187–192 , 194 , 200 , 206 , 210–212 , 315 , 317
Snowden, Frank M. 199 , 265 , 295 , 368
Soares, Maria João 232 , 368
Soares, Lopo, captain (commander) of the castle of São Jorge da Mina 250
Soares, Torquato de Sousa,xii 1 , 12 , 14–15 , 31 , 33 , 35–39 , 41–53 , 55 , 57–59 , 61 , 65–71 , 84–88 , 93 , 95 , 102–103 , 107–108 , 119–121 , 123 , 125 , 129 , 144 , 147 , 155 , 157 , 162–163 , 192 , 196 , 198–199 , 201–202 , 205 , 207 , 209 , 241–244 , 263 , 265–267 , 276 , 278 , 282–283 , 286–287 , 295–296 , 299 , 300 , 304 , 347
Soldier(s) 8 , 18 , 77 , 81 , 131 , 137 , 138 , 168 , 181 , 219 , 220 , 250 , 253
Soyo, province of the Congo kingdom 301
Spear(s) 35 , 42 , 51 , 133 , 155 , 159
Spain (Spanish) 14 , 31 , 90 , 189 , 205 , 208 , 285 , 302 , 365 , 367
Springer (Sprenger), Balthasar, traveler and author of an account of travels to Africa and India, vii 17 , 266 , 290–291 , 348
Staszczak, Zofia 359 , 366 , 368
Statues of ‘idols’ 93–94 , 269
Stella, Alessandro 188 , 363 , 368
Struck, Bernard 100 , 368
Sugar 7 , 112 , 159 , 187 , 190 , 227
Swartz, Benjamin K. 11 , 365 , 368
Sword(s) 47 , 73 , 94 , 96 , 137 , 176 , 299 , 304
Tanbo, slave 206
Tangomaos 100 , 224 , 233–235 , 238 , 239 , 240 , 310
Tavilla, town in Castile 231
Tazbir, Janusz 211 , 368
Temne (Sapi), cultural-linguistic group 20 , 232 , 256 , 294 , 312
Tenenti, Alberto 41 , 57 , 368
Terray, Emmanuel 80 , 369
Teyssier, Paul 171 , 188 , 216 , 346 , 369
Thomas of Aquinas, saint and philosopher 265
Thomaz, Luís Filipe 2 , 5 , 38 , 356 , 369
Thornton, John 3 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 39 , 228 , 299 , 369
Tider Island 43–48 , 59 , 87
Timbuktu 8 , 170 , 175 , 180 , 280–281
Tinhorão, José Ramos 4 , 188 , 193 , 203 , 216 , 221 , 369
Tinoco, Aires, page of Infante Dom Henrique 49 , 50
Tomicki, Ryszard 284 , 369
Tonbe, slave 206
Toom, legendary land in West Africa 281
Torrão, Maria Manuel Ferraz 227 , 232 , 369
Toscano, Gonçalo, merchant 73 , 216
Towerson, William, English merchant and traveler to Africa, author of a Dictionary (mid of 16th century) 83
Trade, passim
- coastal, on the shore 78 , 22 , 52 , 123 , 149 , 150 , 155–160
- interregional 80 , 149 , 191 , 278 , 279
- local, see also market(s) 81 , 119 , 150–154 , 160 , 178 , 184 , 278 , 279 , 313 , 336
- long distance 80 , 149 , 191 , 278
- occasional 228 , 278
- silent 280–283
- slave slave trade
- transatlantic 23 , 188 , 190 , 191 , 241 , 315 , 317
- trans-Saharan, Saharan 3 , 8 , 9 , 147 , 180 , 190 , 191 , 278 , 280 , 314
Trade monopoly monopoly
Trade post(s), see also Arguim, Axim, Mina 122 , 147–149 , 165 , 190 , 236
Trade route(s) 11 , 69 , 277 , 280 , 313 , 314
Tristão, Nuno, knight from the court of Infante Dom Henrique, sailor 42–43 , 48–51 , 54 , 56–57 , 65 , 88 , 202 , 265 , 296
Tuculer, Tuculor, cultural-linguistic group 272
Tymes, region (?) or locality (?) of West Africa 210
Tymowski, Michał,ix 4 , 8 , 21 , 23 , 27 , 36 , 41 , 48 , 52 , 79 , 84 , 88 , 96–97 , 99 , 110 , 116 , 122 , 129 , 143 , 153 , 189 , 190 , 249 , 278–279 , 295 , 300 , 365 , 369 , 370
Ughton, see Gwato 164
Ulimansa, title of local – probably Mande – chief 237 , 278
Ulm 101
United States 22
Upper Guinea 9 , 10–11 , 153 , 158
Usodimare, Antoniotto, Italian merchant and traveler to Africa 15 , 74 , 88 , 148 , 200 , 278 , 281
Vaillant, George C. 284 , 370
Valarte, Danish knight, v 49 , 52–54 , 56 , 61 , 70–71 , 88 , 108 , 121–125 , 139–140 , 142–144 , 296 , 298 , 300
Valenciennes, xi 78 , 343
Vansina, Jan 22 , 94 , 100 , 295 , 356 , 370
Vasconcelos, José Leite de 204 , 370
Venetians 75 , 114
Venice 29 , 111–112 , 126 , 148
Verbeke, Werner 56 , 350
Verde, Cabo Cabo Verde
Verga, Cabo Cabo Verga
Verlinden, Charles 3 , 29 , 148 , 187 , 189 , 192 , 194 , 210 , 370
Vicente, Gil, Portuguese playwright and poet (16th century) 216
Vienna 14 , 21
Vila, Franca Álvaro de, owner of a slave and father of her child 215
Vinagre, Gomes, servant of Infante Dom Henrique 43
Viterbo, Sousa 64 , 370
Vogel, Susan 22 , 347
Vogt, John 187 , 228 , 240 , 251 , 253 , 370
Vovelle, Michel 41 , 371
Wachtel, Nathan 285 , 371
Wadan 280
Wangara, merchants from the Mande cultural-linguistic group, (see also Dioula) 9 , 10 , 279 , 281
Warrior(s) 35 , 36 , 51 , 58 , 62 , 66 , 113 , 134 , 141 , 144 , 145 , 249 , 302
Washburn, Wilcomb E. 5 , 371
Węgrzecki, Adam 120 , 371
Weickmann, Christoph, Ulm merchant and collector of curiosities (17th century) 101 , 359
Wesler, Augsburg merchant family 290
West Africa, viii 2–3 , 5 , 9 , 11–13 , 17–18 , 22 , 27 , 55 , 75 , 96 , 102 , 121 , 128 , 132 , 139 , 141 , 148–150 , 152–153 , 155 , 163–164 , 168–171 , 173 , 175 , 180 , 184 , 190–192 , 201 , 222 , 225–227 , 230 , 238 , 240 , 247 , 250 , 265 , 277–279 , 286 , 288
West African coast, viii, ix 1 , 3 , 7–14 , 16 , 18 , 20 , 27 , 35 , 63 , 68 , 94–95 , 132 , 151 , 153–154 , 157 , 165 , 190 , 209 , 229 , 236 , 268 , 276 , 286 , 291 , 293–295 , 307 , 309 , 336 , 338
Westermann, Dietrich 9 , 349
Western Europe 27 , 266 , 311
Western Sudan, region in West Africa, south of the Sahara 191
Wilks, Ivor 9 , 11 , 80 , 149 , 153 , 278 , 371
Willet, Frank 9 , 306 , 347 , 371
Wine, see also palm wine 103 , 109 , 112 , 152 , 200 , 287
Winius, George D. 2 , 353
Witte, Charles-Martial de 20 , 58 , 286 , 346
Włodarski, Maciej 57 , 371
Wolf, Kennet Baxter 191–192 , 371
Wolof, cultural-linguistic group 10 , 14 , 29 , 36 , 39 , 60 , 63 , 70–73 , 76 , 89 , 91 , 93 , 110 , 117 , 123 , 125–129 , 139 , 141 , 142 , 144 , 145 , 153–155 , 163 , 168–170 , 172–177 , 181 , 182 , 205 , 206 , 209 , 214 , 237 , 245–247 , 267 , 271 , 272 , 274 , 276 , 281 , 289 , 294–297 , 301 , 302 , 316
Wright Donald R. 10 , 371
Ynes, slave woman 215
Yoro, Dyao, Wolof traditionalist and historian (second half of the 19th century, beginning of the 20th) 170 , 343
Ypres 207
Ysabel, five-year-old slave girl 214
Zafarana, Zelina 168 , 171 , 175 , 346
Zaïre, 20th-century African state 8
Zapa, perhaps Çapa or Sapi 209 , 210
Zarco, (Zargo) João Gonçalves, captain (commander) of Madeira, sent caravels to Africa 70 , 87 , 107
Znaga, see Azeneg 9 , 48 , 65 , 276
Zurara, Gomes Eanes de, 15th-century Portuguese chronicler, xii 1 , 12 , 14 , 15 , 19 , 27 , 28 , 30–39 , 41–59 , 61 , 64–71 , 84–90 , 93 , 95 , 96 , 102 , 103 , 107 , 108 , 119–121 , 123 , 125 , 129 , 144 , 147 , 155 , 157 , 162 , 163 , 189 , 192 , 194–202 , 204 , 205 , 207 , 209 , 211 , 213 , 221 , 222 , 241–244 , 263 , 265–267 , 274 , 276–278 , 282 , 283 , 286 , 287 , 294–296 , 299 , 300 , 304 , 312 , 316
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Europeans and Africans

Mutual Discoveries and First Encounters

Series:  African History, Volume: 10
Cover Europeans and Africans
E-Book ISBN:
9789004428508
Publisher:
Brill
Print Publication Date:
02 Sep 2020

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