Index of Subjects
Abode of Islam
14, 17, 53–55, 61, 102, 150, 165, 195, 218, 297, 322, 340, 342
definition of
325, 343n79, 375
non-Muslim exclusion from
37, 144–148, 152, 193, 374
non-Muslim residence in
36, 37, 88, 92, 93, 153, 160, 221, 222, 344, 367, 368, 380
non-Muslim status in
228, 230, 257, 261, 320, 370, 371, 372, 377, 381–386, 392
abrogation
354, 355
adhān
285, 290, 291, 317
Aḥkām ahl al-dhimma
alternative title
1, 33–34, 377
dating
34–35
manuscript
39–50, 126
modern use of
2, 18, 40
originality
2, 32, 69–70, 124
reception
13–14, 18, 38–40
socio-historical context
4, 35–36, 51–68, 124–125, 140, 170, 176, 177, 194, 208, 212, 231, 232, 371, 375, 392–5
ʿanwa land
148, 151, 297, 298, 299, 302,
apostasy
227, 317, 334
Arabian Peninsula
131, 148, 149, 157, 189, 191, 193, 221, 381, 392
geographical boundaries
141–142
dhimmi exclusion from
141–144
Ashʿarism
357, 361–2
authorial agency
24, 112– 122, 129, 264,
autochthony
222
Banū Taghlib
157, 158
bidaʿ
95
blasphemy
49, 318
body language
130, 155, 159, 192, 204, 207, 257, 314, 317, 384, 389
boundaries
12, 21, 129–35, 139, 151, 175, 192–194, 214, 218, 247, 383
and identity construction
256–260, 374, 377
metaphorical
161, 179, 183, 188, 192, 245, 380, 385
physical
114, 140–143, 222, 255, 342, 375
transgression of
20, 63, 166, 192, 213, 307
burial
57, 131, 186–189, 205, 206, 216, 323, 345
Chennai
41, 43, 44, 46–49
children
as contested space
324, 332, 337, 339, 368–370
deceased
188, 344–368
from dhimmi-Muslim marriages
186, 323
legal status of
332–5, 339, 347, 366
Muslim
336
upbringing
333, 337, 340
Christians
74, 101, 103, 216, 220, 292–3, 301, 324
characterisation of
376–87, 93
Christian worship
89, 136, 288, 291
Ibn al-Qayyim’s characterisation of
35, 60, 101, 118, 136–7, 194, 259, 284, 375–380
in other writings
56, 58, 60, 70, 93–4, 96, 163–4, 254, 317
marriage with Muslims
182–184, 253–4, 323
political relations
55, 59, 165
Christian mother
186–7
Christianity
21, 60, 61, 70, 73, 231, 384, 386
churches
as religious symbol
290, 295–7, 301–3, 373–4
as separate space
135–138, 287, 294, 296, 343
construction of
140, 150, 216, 229, 298
destruction of
58, 298–301
Muslim ownership of
138–140, 193, 302–3
permission to build
140, 150, 216, 298
permission to remain
36, 228, 300–2
clothing restrictions. ghiyār
conversion to Islam
61–63, 73, 133, 147, 152–5, 178, 192, 301, 317, 384
and family relations
245 –252, 255
child’s conversion
241, 329, 339–344, 368
daughter’s conversion
242–245
husband’s conversion
183, 231, 239–241
wife’s conversion
40, 48, 231–9
Copts
58, 61, 89, 164, 240, 288, 294–5, 372, 378
covenant of protection. dhimma
cross
208, 219, 223, 253, 273–274, 282, 286–8
Crusades, Crusaders
51, 55, 59, 284, 286, 373, 379
Damascus
1, 8, 12, 35, 41, 44, 52, 151, 183, 195, 292, 298, 300, 346, 374, 382
Ḥanbalīs in Damascus
dār al-islām. Abode of Islam
dhimma
1, 35, 75, 144, 146, 163, 193, 195, 276, 381–3, 393
dhimmi
characterisation of
96, 165, 199–200, 255, 258, 375–380
definition
1–3, 36
home
138–139, 245
leasing of Muslim property
111, 218–220
marriage
107, 139, 150, 176–8, 233, 234
-Muslim marriage
181–4
wife
134, 137, 178–181, 185–186
dhimmi employment
197
by Muslims
214, 216–18
in state office
58–9, 89–95, 108, 112, 161–173, 195, 388
of Muslims
139, 214,
divine favour
121, 159, 161, 187–8, 194, 196, 220–2, 230, 260, 297, 302, 372, 376, 387, 390
divine order
13, 385, 388, 391
divine will
7, 336–7, 357, 395
divine wisdom
37, 338, 383–4, 393
divorce
dhimmi divorce
118, 177
three-fold divorce
177
edict of al-Mutawakkil
79, 88, 98
Fatimids, Fatimid period
108, 133, 164, 167, 212, 392
fayʾ
120
festivals
67, 88, 136–7, 173–176, 184, 189, 191,208, 254, 286–7, 292–5, 379
fire
35, 228, 296, 299, 363–6, 369, 394
fiṭra
33, 34, 326–7, 331, 335–46, 352, 357, 366–9, 373, 391
foundling
136, 150, 296, 338, 340, 343, 373
friendship with non-Muslims
91, 165, 166, 213, 226, 245, 249, 251–253, 256, 381
funeral
10, 186, 205–208, 255–6, 293, 345–6
Genizah
176, 177, 180
genre
19, 30,31, 50, 71, 75, 78, 82–5, 88, 92, 95, 97–99, 103, 122–124, 126, 225, 261, 391
ghiyār
79n42, 80, 81, 83, 280–1, 304–11, 378
guardian
114, 238
guardianship
241–45
Ḥanbalī school
1, 4, 13, 51, 70, 73, 81, 106, 121, 132, 351
Ḥanbalīs in Damascus
29, 54–55,66
Ḥanbalī works and authors
34, 38, 71, 77, 110, 115–6, 205, 210, 279, 333
Hellfire
119, 121, 188, 206, 325, 328, 347, 350–67, 383
hierarchy
195, 199, 207, 215, 230, 232, 243, 245
religious hierarchy
7, 17, 24, 129, 156, 161, 188, 196–9, 215, 220, 228, 231, 245, 253–5, 320, 372, 376
social hierarchy
6–7, 79, 125, 252, 381, 386–7
space and hierarchy
192, 202, 207, 263, 322, 384, 390, 391, 395
Hijaz
41–2, 102, 113–5, 142–3, 145, 148
ḥisba
85, 86–88,
Hyderabad
41, 42
Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya
al-Ṭuruq al-ḥukmiyya fī l-siyāsa al-sharʿiyya
83, 85
Badāʾiʿ al-fawāʾid
80, 187
Biography
31–2, 70
education
29
Hidāyat al-ḥayārā
60, 70, 136, 178, 193, 250, 253, 322, 339, 376
Iʿlām al-muwaqqiʿīn
31, 120, 309
knowledge of Christianity
136–7, 283–5, 297, 375–8
knowledge of Judaism
283–285
modern popularity
32, 33, 40, 46n80, 151
Zād al-maʿād
33, 204–5
Ibn Taymiyya, Aḥmad b. ʿAbd al-Ḥalīm
65–6, 117, 142, 151, 152, 178, 195, 206, 249, 251, 258, 284–5, 315, 340, 351–2, 357, 365, 393
and non-Muslim celebrations
57, 93, 174–5, 191, 254, 286–8, 292–3
and non-Muslim employment
170–1, 217–8
and churches
89, 109, 136, 279, 298, 301–2
al-Jawāb al-ṣaḥīḥ
60, 270
Darʾ taʿāruḍ al-ʿaql wa-l-naql
109, 110, 174, 331, 346, 362–4
influence on Ibn al-Qayyim
30, 70, 105, 106, 109, 117, 121, 147, 207, 237, 256, 261, 319, 331, 336, 375
Iqtiḍāʾ al-ṣirāṭ al-mustaqīm
93, 97–8, 109, 100, 112, 123, 137, 174–5, 208, 214, 217–21, 230, 260, 309–10
kitāb al-Ḥisba
147–8
al-Ṣārim al-maslūl
49, 98, 109, 123, 317
teaching circle
80–1, 111–112, 126, 168, 170–172, 260, 394–5
transmission of Pact of ʿUmar
269–77
ʿidda
235–7
identity
of adults
63–4, 103, 129, 131, 136, 143, 148, 160, 171, 179, 186, 193–4, 257–60, 287, 305–8, 377, 386–290
of children
321, 322–4, 343–4, 346, 365–9, 376
of space
14, 25, 191, 338, 343, 372–5, 378, 381
iḥyāʾ al-mawāt
220n87, 296,
impurity
132–5, 149, 184, 193, 379–80
inheritance
99, 101, 201, 244–5, 248–52, 256, 266, 341, 381
Jabriyya. Ashʿarism
Jews
199, 205, 212, 214, 232, 376
Christian discourse about
14, 306n132, 384
in Mamluk literature
97
of Khaybar
146–7, 221, 223
Jewish law
177–8, 182, 184, 253
Jewish Scriptures
60, 383, 386–7
Jewish wife
182–185
Jewish loss of land
194, 221
Jizya
36, 43, 76, 77, 83, 84, 86, 93, 103, 120, 123–4, 131, 149–50, 151–156, 193, 197, 221, 267, 296, 324, 392
Muslim payment of
155–158
significance in Aḥkām ahl al-dhimma
158–161, 172, 189, 376, 382, 389
Judaism
259, 283–5
kafāʾa
182
kāfir
215, 235, 240, 249–50, 258–9
kātib. dhimmi employment
kharāj
84, 143, 150–1, 156–158, 161, 213, 392
khidma
139, 214–7
dhimmi employment of Muslims
kitābī
36n35, 202, 235, 239–40, 250, 258–60, 323, 386
Madrasa-e-Muhammadi library
41–43, 47
Maghrib, Maghribi
147, 382
marriage.
See:
children from dhimmi-Muslim marriages
Christian marriage with Muslims
dhimmi marriage
dhimmi-Muslim marriage
slavery and marriage
marital authority
179–181, 186, 238–9
maʿṣiya
216–7, 229
meat
36,38, 97, 99, 102, 118–9, 184, 210–11, 253, 376, 380
Mongols
51–59, 65, 373
monks
35
mosque
131–5
muʿāmalāt
101, 198, 209, 211, 233,
muḥtasib
85–88, 96–7, 190–1, 194, 212, 291, 301
munāṣara
249, 251–2
muwāla
166, 226, 245, 249, 251–2, 256, 381
friendship with non-Muslims
nāqūs
275, 284–5, 288–91, 298
naṣīḥa
39, 169
nāwūs
216, 217
Other Abode
102, 324–330, 333, 344, 356, 359, 363, 367, 369
Pact of ʿUmar
49, 71, 72–75, 77, 78, 79, 80, 82, 83, 86, 95, 104
and insulting the Prophet
317–320
authority of
150, 262, 264
extra-Pact rulings
86, 318
in discourse about dhimmi regulation
71, 72–5, 77–80, 82–3, 88–9, 159
non-compliance with
170, 317–8
relation to public space
255, 262–269, 285, 321
sources for Ibn al-Qayyim’s presentation
109, 229, 269–280
structural integration into Aḥkām ahl al-dhimma
103–5, 160, 197, 265
power and divine favour
37, 194, 196, 220–1, 230, 302, 372–3, 386–91
space and power
Paradise
186, 188, 200, 310, 325–329, 346–50, 352–69, 383, 387
prayer
107, 129, 136–8, 204–6, 273, 284–5, 288–91, 293, 334, 366
pre-emptive purchase. shufʿa
prophetic praxis
37, 132, 133, 141, 203, 204, 214, 306, 342
public space
79, 85, 86, 189–193, 217, 262–264
punishment
49, 57, 85, 88, 92, 104, 170, 181, 221, 281, 307, 317–8, 333, 390
divine
57, 152, 155, 156, 161, 187, 188,345, 347, 349, 354–7, 364, 367, 369, 384
purity
132–135, 137, 139, 158–9, 161, 182, 193, 256, 334, 380
al-Qawl al-mukhtār
81–2, 91, 93, 111–2, 168, 260, 382, 394
religious disobedience. maʿṣiya
revelation
7, 17, 67, 339, 376
ruler
11, 37, 39, 51–5, 63–5, 67–8, 82–3, 92, 103, 126, 133, 150, 162, 164–6, 170, 172–3, 280, 378, 382, 395
ṣadaqa
157–8, 161, 225, 334
Salafi
1, 18–9, 32–3, 38n39, 40, 336, 366
sexual intercourse
132, 179–80, 183–4, 186, 236, 238–9, 253–4, 259, 380
shiʿār al-kufr
228, 285–8, 292–3, 295, 297
Shi’ite
118, 133, 174
shufʿa
218–224
sick visiting
139, 203–6
siyāsa sharʿiyya
67, 82–3
slavery, slaves
248, 275, 368, 390
and conversion
76, 211–14, 339–40, 344
and marriage
137, 178–180, 215–6, 220, 238–9, 244, 254
non-Muslim slaves
182, 186, 335, 345
space
and power
8–11, 13–14, 25, 129–30, 136, 148, 193–6, 220–2, 230, 296, 372, 388–90
conceived space
5–18
construction of
5, 9–11, 20, 129–32, 143, 173, 183, 188, 194, 197, 209, 229, 256, 259, 262, 374, 389
contested. children
lived space
15–18
ownership of
193–194, 220–224
perceived space
15–18
production of
7–11, 15–16, 130
public
79, 85, 86, 189–193, 217, 262–264
spatial practice
10, 13–17, 130, 139, 155, 175, 192, 196–7, 204–7, 209, 230, 255, 257, 262, 264–5, 321, 374–5, 384–6, 390
ṣulḥ land
149–151, 195, 297–300
ṣulḥ treaties
74–75, 79, 150
suspension of judgement
328, 349
symbols of unbelief. shiʿār al-kufr
tabaʿiyyat al-abawayn
335, 337, 339–40, 343
tabaʿiyyat al-dār
335, 338, 340
taklīf
333, 335, 339, 344, 345, 347, 354, 367, 369
taʾlīf al-qulūb
233, 238, 250, 253
tashabbuh
309–10
taxation, tax.
See:
jizya
ṣadaqa
kharāj
ʿushr
ṭerefeh
184
tolerance
20–23
trade
101–2, 140, 143, 157–8, 197
Muslim-dhimmi
211–214, 275
muʿāmalāt
ʿulamāʾ
63–8, 92, 94, 124, 171–3, 191, 307, 388, 395
as religious authorities
11, 66–7, 89
Umayyad
35, 89, 162, 394
ʿushr
102, 157–8
violence
56, 58, 125, 154, 159, 199, 202, 320, 389, 393
waqf
224–229
waqf (children) suspension of judgement
waṣiyya
210, 225, 228–9, 296
watermelon
175
wilāya
165, 166, 226, 244
witness
192, 263, 264, 293, 317, 320–1, 383, 385, 387, 389, 393
zakāt
76, 107, 158–61, 248