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Tine Van Osselaer
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Index of Names and Subjects

absolutism 165–166
accusations against stigmatics 96, 107, 166–169, 179, 193–194, 199, 209
Addolorata 44, 50, 90 ( Lazzeri, Maria Domenica )
Aiello, Elena 65, 162, 198–199, 206–206, 208, 210–211
Alhama Valera, María Josefa 198n88, 210n136
alter Christus 189, 191
Amengual, Margalida 110, 115, 118–119
Ancien Régime  10, 19, 162, 165
Andreasi, Osanna 192n47
Angerer, Albert 138
anti-Catholicism 17, 89, 147, 218, 225
anticlericalism 97, 157–162
anticlerical press 158–159, 167, 172–178
apparition 20, 62, 99–100, 110, 159–160, 164n27, 167
movements 5–6
Marian 14, 18n73, 19, 35, 57, 62, 198, 218
Apte, Maurice 12
aristocracy 98, 102–103, 110, 120, 124, 164, 169, 176
atonement 90 ( suffering, reparatory )
authenticity 25, 62, 77, 96, 103, 121, 139, 144n60, 148, 157, 179
authorities 17, 20
religious, ecclesiastical 5, 6, 22, 33, 41–42, 44, 48, 55, 59–60, 71, 96, 121–123, 131, 134–135, 137–139, 150, 152, 179, 200, 202, 204–205, 207–208, 211, 218, 226
secular, public 25, 42, 135–136, 152, 157–159, 167, 171, 173, 175, 179, 218
authority 20, 25, 59, 63
autograph 53, 152
Bartenhauser, Elisabeth 83, 87–88, 219n8
Bavaria 22–23, 34
beatas 42
beatification 4, 6, 42, 67, 79, 84, 112, 125–126, 150, 159n6, 163n25, 184–185, 194–195, 199–200, 206–210, 223, 226
bedroom 21, 73, 101, 104, 107–112, 124, 126
Belgium 15, 36–38, 41–42, 59, 64, 72, 85, 94, 97n7, 117, 127n133, 161, 162n22, 167, 220
Beller, Karoline 32n108, 35, 85, 134, 216, 219
Benedict XIV 195, 206
Benedict XVI 199, 206, 209–211
Bergadieu, Marie 12, 100–105, 107, 110, 112, 114–123, 162n22, 224n33
Bertho, Philomène 127n133
Bickendorf 138–139
Billoquet, Laurentine 101–106, 111–115, 118–119, 121, 124
bishop 5–6, 25, 42, 44, 59, 112–115, 118–119, 123–124, 126, 138, 186, 200, 203–205, 207, 211, 226
Blackbourn, David 158, 167, 218
bleeding 105n42, 106n44, 109, 111, 164–165, 170n60
blood 69, 78, 91, 94, 139, 145, 147–149, 205, 214, 217
imprints 146–147
mysticism 222
relics 140
sweating 65, 74, 219n8
body 3, 73, 75n17, 82, 87–88, 90–92, 94, 134, 111, 124, 149–150, 161, 185, 225
Bolognesi, Maria 198n88, 199n89, 210n136
Bonaventure of Bagnoregio 189
Bordoni, Maria 203
Boré, Leon 35–36, 41
Bouflet, Joachim 10, 15n60, 18, 32, 47, 75, 77, 179
Bourru, Henri 12
Brentano, Clemens 27, 34, 82, 216
Broccadelli, Lucia 80, 190, 192, 222
Burot, Prosper 12
Bois-d’Haine 15, 30, 52, 59, 81, 142, 215
canonization 4, 6, 12, 14, 43, 75n19, 84, 121, 126, 150, 184–185, 189, 194–196, 206–207, 208–210, 223, 227
Canori-Mora, Elisabetta 55n22, 198n88, 209–210, 228
Capriana 30
Carboni, Edvige 160
caricature 140
Carlism 165–166, 172
cartoon 1–2, 65, 173–178
Catherine of Siena 11, 74, 77, 86, 98, 141, 143, 162, 190–191, 219
Catholic revival 97, 99
celebrities 132
religious, saintly 3, 22, 47, 52, 58, 61–67, 183, 192, 205, 217
celebrity 47, 49, 52–53, 57–58, 62, 69, 143, 157, 163–164, 166–167, 172–173, 175, 214–215
culture 54, 132
status 131
censorship 26, 51, 114, 115n85, 121, 136n25, 137–138, 150n90, 186, 194–196, 211, 226
Charcot, Jean-Martin 12
Chopin, Symphorose 101, 126
Christian, William A. Jr. 35, 110, 159
cilicium 86
Clark, Christopher 166, 172, 225
Clément XV 168n51
clergy 6, 39–40, 42, 76, 98, 100, 113n79, 114–117, 174, 176, 182–187, 191, 192, 195, 200–207, 209, 210, 211
commerce 132
commercialization 135, 139, 226
commodity 132
communism 160–162, 177
Congregation for the Causes of Saints 186, 193, 195, 207, 211
Congregation for the Doctrine of Faith 3, 40, 42–43, 46, 186, 193, 194, 200–207, 211 ( Holy Office and Roman Inquisition )
consumer culture 63, 66, 70, 136n22
conversion 55, 68–69, 104n34–35, 112, 116–117, 160
Council of Trent 43, 192, 194
courtroom 159, 167–168, 170n62, 171, 175
crucifixion 112, 121, 185, 189, 190
cult 97–100, 102–103, 106, 110, 113–115, 120–121, 124–127, 171, 178, 183, 185, 188–190, 192–194, 197, 199, 202–206, 208, 211
culture wars 2, 16–17, 23, 29, 167, 177, 218, 225n39 ( Kulturkampf )
Dechamps, Victor Augustin 148
demonic attacks 31, 39
deviance
religious 4–5, 190, 196 ( devotion, deviant )
devotees 5, 10, 27, 32, 49, 59, 61–62, 67–69, 73, 82, 89, 94, 102n29, 106, 112, 115, 117–118, 120n111, 121, 124–126, 139, 146, 150–151, 157, 163, 173, 177, 184, 190n38, 192, 194–195, 197–198, 217, 219, 222–223, 225–226
Devotio Moderna 84
devotion
Christocentric 83–84
deviant 5, 190, 196, 226 ( deviance, religious )
grassroots 7n21, 226
medieval 83, 187n19
petty 86
to a stigmatic 6, 24, 57, 67, 69, 73, 183, 190, 195–196, 206, 208, 216
devotional
arena 26
card 139–140, 146, 148–149, 151, 185, 217, 219
culture 57, 66, 87, 94, 216–217, 223
image 81, 184–185, 189, 199, 208
repertoire 215
traditions 146
diocesan investigation 106, 113, 117–119, 193, 196n68, 200
Dosseray 142, 143
Dülmen 30, 33, 147, 150–151, 214
Durnerin, Thérèse 103
Du Rousseaux, Isidore-Joseph 139
ecstasy 16, 39, 73, 77, 79, 92, 103, 105–113, 115–116, 120–124, 126, 131, 137, 140, 142, 144–145, 168, 176, 184n11, 214, 221
ecstatic 6, 12, 25, 31, 33–34, 38, 40, 45n161, 105, 185, 204
edification 74–75, 94, 111
Emmerick, Anna Katharina 13n54, 14n57, 22, 29–30, 32, 34, 38n130, 48, 49, 55–56, 65, 67, 68n80, 70, 72, 74n11, 77–82, 91, 94, 98–99, 127, 131, 141n48, 142–144, 147, 149n85, 150, 198n88, 199, 204, 210n133, 215–216, 219, 220n14, 222, 225n36, 228
Gedenkstätte Anna Katharina Emmerick 151
Enlightenment 22, 195, 198
epiphenomena 4, 16–17, 22, 27, 77, 152, 215, 223
episcopate 110, 112–115, 118–119, 121–126
Ernst, Robert 48
Estatica 44, 50, 161 ( Mörl, von Maria )
Estatica d’Oria 40 ( Matarrelli, Palma )
expert testimony 170–171
ex-voto 56, 150
Eupen 60
Ezkioga 110, 160n7
fama sanctitatis 6, 41, 53, 57, 151, 199–200, 206, 208, 217 ( holiness, reputation of, and sanctity, reputation of )
fame 7, 47, 49, 53, 55, 57–68, 96–98, 100–104, 126, 130, 135, 145–146, 149, 152, 158, 164, 171, 174, 179, 186, 191–192, 197, 199–201, 206, 217–218, 220
fasting 31, 80, 117
girl 6, 38n130, 216
woman 80, 141n47
Fátima 160
feminisation 20
Fiechtner, Maria 78, 88
Filljung, Catherine 168, 170
Filzinger, Apollonia 27, 34
Firrao, Maria Agnese 203
First World War 18, 67, 89
flagellation 31, 74, 86n63
self- 84, 188
(flogging lash 86)
Flesch, Elisabeth 1, 2, 65, 86n63
France 10, 13, 15–16, 22, 36, 38, 40–42, 56, 70, 97–98, 100–102, 108, 110–111, 113n79, 115, 118, 120, 125–126, 127n133, 157, 159–170, 172, 174–175, 179, 186
Francis I 182, 199, 210–211
Francis of Assisi, St 3, 10, 11, 13–14, 25–26, 28, 30, 39, 74–75, 77, 83, 84n53, 88, 141, 143, 183, 185–92, 197–198, 210, 220 ( Poverello )
Franco-Prussian War 10, 24, 100
fraud 25, 30, 44, 73, 77, 85, 96, 106, 134, 144, 157–159, 164, 167–170, 173–175, 178, 193, 194, 199, 209, 218
Freytag, Nils 76, 81
Fridays of Passion 42, 97–99, 103–104, 107–111, 114–116, 120–121, 123–124, 126, 174n81
Galgani, Gemma, St 46, 55n22, 183–185, 196n73, 198n87, 208–209, 212–213, 220
Galles, Maria Gertrud 38n130
Gallo, Anna Maria Nicoletta 198n87, 209
Gambara, Lucrezia 44, 196n68
Gattorno, Anna Rosa 198n88, 199, 210n133
Gendringen 35
German states 18
Germany 15, 22, 29, 33, 35n122, 36–38, 41–42, 52, 59–60, 72, 89, 94, 145, 160n7, 161, 162n24, 167–168, 170, 177, 186, 220
Gißibl, Bernhard 33, 219
Giuliani, Veronica 84, 13n49, 81n38, 194n59, 196, 209
Göbl, Maria 59–60, 68
González, Lucila 161, 198n88
Gooldin, Sigal 80, 82
Görres, Joseph von 9–10, 13, 27, 29, 33–34, 38, 41, 219
Gossler, Heinrich 65, 86n63, 214
grabataire 141, 217
grace 104, 112, 126, 164, 184, 192, 202, 204, 210
gratia gratis data 190, 195
Great Depression
of the 1870s 18, 23
of the 1930s 17
Gregory IX 189
Guadagnoli, Angella Colomba 192n47
Guillemain, Hervé 105, 117
Habsburg Empire 18
hagiography 43, 51, 54, 60, 69, 143, 189
Heart, Sacred 6, 84, 100, 112, 119, 185, 198, 223–224
Heart, Immaculate heart of Mary 84
Hecht, Viktoria 35, 143
Hendrickx, Isabella 13n49
Henle, Anna 135n21, 143
Higginson, Teresa Helena 87n66
Höcht, Johannes 13, 14
Hofman, Helene 60
holiness
simulated 40, 204
pretense of 42, 203n106
reputation of 54, 56, 206 ( fama sanctitatis )
Holy Office 39n135, 40, 186, 193n51, 200–201, 203–206, 211 ( Inquisition and Congregation for the Doctrine of Faith )
Holy See 43–44, 61, 183–184,186–187, 191–192, 196–199, 204, 206, 208–209, 227 ( Vatican )
home 80, 141, 151, 200 ( house of stigmatics )
house
of stigmatics 96–97, 99, 101, 105, 107, 113–115, 120, 122, 124–126, 163–164, 200 ( home )
memorial 48, 132 ( museum and Louise Lateau, maison )
humility 74–75, 81, 184, 227
Hunkemöller, Father 67, 150n89, 228n53
hysteria 12–13, 23, 82, 99n14, 105, 145, 170, 183n8, 184, 196
hypnosis 11, 13, 106n44
Imbert-Gourbeyre, Antoine 8, 10–11, 13–17, 18, 21, 27, 36, 39, 41, 45, 51, 99n14, 101n23, 102, 106, 115, 117–118, 120, 226n43
imitatio Christi 42, 83, 84n53, 85, 183
inedia 32, 39–40, 80n38, 81n38, 141, 177, 188, 215, 222n22, 223
Index 25
Inquisition 40, 42–44, 186, 193, 194n57, 201–204
court 25
fathers 45
Isabel II (Queen of Spain) 165, 177, 179
Italian states 18, 192, 203
Italy 15, 36–38, 40–42, 44, 55, 66, 75n17, 107, 115, 127n133, 160, 162, 166, 168n51, 183, 186, 187, 192, 198n82, 204–205, 220–221
Izquierdo, María Pilar 198n88, 210n133
Jahenny, Marie-Julie 10, 14, 97n7, 100–104, 106–109, 111–112, 114, 116–120, 122–125, 127
Janet, Pierre 11
Jesuits 12, 14, 144
John Paul II 199, 207–211
Jung, Clara 56, 89, 143, 150n88
Kaiser, Wolfram 172, 174, 177
Kaltern 30, 33n113, 34, 43
Kane, Paula 31, 33, 47, 82, 90, 96, 98–100, 108–109
Kaufman, Suzanne 62, 63, 66, 70, 220
Kinker, Anne Marie 38n130
Klaniczay, Gábor 15n62, 76n19, 84n53, n55 and n58, 105n39, 116n86, 118n100, 204n112, 222
Konnersreuth 35, 82, 98–99, 129, 135, 137, 139, 147, 152, 177–178
Kowalska, Maria Faustina, St 199
Krass, Urte 133, 136, 146
Kselman, Thomas 10, 84
Kulturkampf 2n1, 10, 17, 23, 160n7, 161, 167, 174, 177, 224 ( culture wars )
Lachapelle, Sofie 70, 96, 102n26, 105
La Salette 160, 167
La Verna 187, 189
Lama, Friedrich Ritter von 48, 58
Landucci, R. 142, 143
Lanois, Alexandrine 12
Lateau, Louise 1, 2, 11, 12, 15, 29–30, 36–37, 39, 45, 48–49, 51–53, 56–59, 64–66, 69, 70, 79–82, 89, 93–94, 97–101, 104–107, 110n62, 112, 115, 117, 125, 131, 134, 137, 139–145, 148, 150–151, 161, 162n22, 167, 177–178, 204, 214–220, 222, 224–225
Maison Louise Lateau 151
lawsuit 157, 159, 168–173, 175
Lazzeri, Maria Domenica 23, 26, 29–30, 33, 36n126, 40n139, 41, 43–44, 49, 58, 96, 127, 142, 203, 208n125, 210n137, 214, 224 ( Addolorata )
Lebouc, Madeleine 11
Lefebvre, Ferdinand 12
legitimists 10, 98, 163
Leo XIII 196
liberal Catholics 67, 175, 218
liberalism 16, 20, 66, 157, 160, 162–163, 165–167, 169–173, 179
lithograph 65, 140, 144n60, 147
Llimargas, Ramona 162
Lorger, Magdalena 76n19
Loricatus, Dominic 188
Lourdes 57, 62, 70, 82, 99, 102n30, 126n132, 134, 220–221, 223–224,
Virgin of 6, 223
Lummen 60
Lütgeneder 35, 85, 215
Lynch, Gordon 4, 146
Maître, Jacques 11, 105
Majunke, Paul 2, 167, 177
Manetti, Teresa Adelaide 198n88, 210n133
Margry, Peter Jan 5, 54, 132, 183n4, 226
Maria Francesca of the Five Wounds of Our Lord Jesus Christ 56n28, 84
Marie-Henriette (Belgian queen) 148
Matarrelli, Palma 10, 15, 17, 23–24, 26, 39, 41, 45, 51, 101n23, 107, 115, 162, 166n43, 204, 226n43 ( Estatica d’Oria )
Mater dolorosa  83, 92
Mattei, Caterina 192n47 ( Racconigi, Catherine of )
Maury, Alfred 11–12, 22, 105
media 25, 35, 42, 47, 49, 62, 65, 152, 97–98, 100, 131, 133, 135–136, 158–159, 167, 175, 179, 184, 198–199, 204–205, 208, 215–216, 227
mass 7, 20, 52–53, 57, 66
modern 3, 53, 57, 60–61, 71, 215, 220, 222–223, 225–226
mediatization 225–226
medical examination 105–106, 117, 126, 170, 183n8, 207
Mela, Itala 198n88, 210n136
memorabilia 132
menstruation 105n42, 170
Middle Ages 15, 26, 73n3, 80, 83, 87n68, 149, 186–187, 190, 211, 222n20
miracle 6, 22, 38n130, 43, 54–55, 69, 99, 158–159, 164–165, 167, 169–171, 173, 175–176, 178, 189–190, 195, 197, 199, 207
girl 25, 38, 145, 152
miraculé/e 62–63, 220–221
miraculism 11
miraculous 17, 25, 40, 62, 73, 75n17, 76, 80–81,151
cure 62, 69, 221
mockery 167, 173–177
Montefalco, Claire of 84, 196
Morgan, David 146, 226
Morgan, Simon 58, 132
Moriconi, Ester 200n96, 202, 205
modernity 16, 19–20, 63, 76n20, 170
Mörl, Maria von 12, 13n49, 23, 26, 29, 30, 33–34, 36n126, 40, 43–44, 49, 58, 78, 81, 86, 143, 161, 208n125, 210n137, 214, 216–217, 219, 222, 224, 225n36 ( Estatica )
movements 47, 59
grassroots 5–7
unofficial 97, 99–100, 106, 110, 119–126
Mrazek, Bertha 168n52, 170n61
Münster 59, 65, 136
museum 132, 135, 142, 151
mystic 16, 28, 31, 39, 43, 56–57, 91, 194, 204, 208, 215, 222
mysticism 14, 22, 25, 42, 76n20, 162, 168, 176 186, 196–197, 227
blood 222
bridal 31, 83
Catholic 22, 189
Passion 31, 83
popular 83, 200, 202
trickle-down 23
Naples 26, 56n28
Napoleon III 40
Nasl, Ana 39n132, 90n86
Navarro, Narcisa 178
Nerbollier, Marie-Louise 101–103, 109, 111, 113, 118n101, 120–121, 124–125
Neroni, Veronica 192n47
Neumann, Therese 14, 35–37, 38n130, 57–58, 64, 66n74, 67–70, 80n38, 82, 92n93, 93, 98–100, 104, 109–110, 129–135, 137–140, 144–145, 147, 152, 160, 162n24, 164, 177–178, 215–216, 218, 220, 222, 225, 228
Niglutsch, Krescenzia 29–30, 33n111, 43–44, 46
Nulens, Jan 48
Oignies, Marie de 84n53
Oria 15, 204
Padre Pio 14n55 and n57, 25, 26, 52, 66, 98, 132, 134, 141, 144, 146, 182–183, 185, 196n73, 198n87, 199, 208–212, 220, 228
pain 39n133, 55, 63, 72–73, 75–76, 78, 87, 90, 92
Papal States 61, 202–203 ( Roman States )
Paris 89, 103, 150
Paris Commune 10, 16, 24, 100, 174
parish priests 81, 86–88, 111, 113–117, 118n101, 120–121, 124, 126, 134, 139, 149, 152, 185, 200
Parsi, Madeleine 161, 168
Passion of Christ 3, 73, 75, 81, 84, 87–88, 92, 94, 149, 182, 199, 216 ( suffering, Christ’s )
reliving of 56, 78, 80n38, 82, 88, 100–101, 104, 108–109, 119, 121–122, 125–126, 161, 183, 186–187, 189, 191, 208
pathologizing of religion 11–13, 99, 105–106, 117
Patrocinio, Sor 44, 67n75, 157–160, 162–179, 218
Paul III 193
Perschl, Anna 78–79, 81n42
Pfister, Barbara 79, 92n94, 135n21
photograph 66n74, 129–130, 133, 136–137, 140, 144–146, 151–152
pilgrimage 54, 57, 62, 68, 96–97, 203
Pius II 190
Pius IX 10, 53n8, 162n22, 174
Pius XI 209
Postel, Maria Magdalena 150
Poverello 75, 188–189, 197–198 ( Francis of Assisi )
prayer 102n30, 104, 108–109, 110n62, 125, 182, 185, 209
press 7, 20, 22, 52, 61, 66, 85, 133, 135, 217
preternatural 184, 194, 196, 198, 208–209
Priesching, Nicole 19–20, 23, 31, 34, 35n125, 88, 96, 217, 222
progress 98, 166–167, 170, 176
promotion 6, 25, 58, 96–98, 102–103, 113, 118, 120, 125, 158, 161, 163, 178, 186, 194, 218, 225
prophecy 16, 19, 23, 32, 40, 55, 98, 104n38, 113, 157, 160–163, 164n27, 165, 166n43, 169, 184n11, 216, 221, 224–225
Prosperi, Gertrude 198n88, 210n134
Prospero Lambertini 195 ( Benedict XIV )
Prussia 22
public image 63–66, 152
public opinion 158, 165, 171, 173
public persona 158, 167–168, 175–176, 179, 183
public setting 82, 91
public sphere 49, 63, 129, 131, 157–159, 163, 171, 178–179, 218
publicity 3, 32, 35
Puglia 15, 26, 211n138
Put, Rosalie 54, 55n22, 59, 60, 72–73, 79, 94, 117, 143n55, 219
Quinzani, Stefana 192n47
Racconigi, Catherine of 13n49, 192n47 ( Mattei, Caterina )
Raymond of Capua 190
recommendation 97, 104, 125
Regensburg 137, 138
relic 54, 68–69, 76, 97, 111–113, 124, 126, 132, 139–140, 145, 148–150, 164, 169, 177, 185, 193, 223, 228
contact 68, 217
blood 140, 146, 147, 152
republicanism 157, 160–163, 165–167, 169–170, 173, 178
reputation of sanctity 6, 107, 119–120, 126n132, 157, 175–176, 206, 217 ( fama sanctitatis )
revelation 109, 119, 122, 161
Riccardi, Antonio 35, 43
ritual 110, 112, 114, 126
Robin, Marthe 104, 107–108, 119, 120n111, 125, 163
Rojek, Chris 54, 132
Roman States 89 ( Papal States )
Rome 26, 41, 51n1, 57, 84, 182, 202, 204, 207, 223, 226
Romanticism 20
royalism 98, 100–101, 103, 162, 166n43
Royer, Édith 119
Ruoppolo, Germano 183, 185, 209n127
saint 3, 22, 43, 49, 52, 54, 56, 63, 68, 70, 79, 183, 185, 186, 189, 192, 195–198, 206–208, 215, 221
cult of 54, 190, 193, 194
false 40, 75, 193, 203
folk 6, 55–56, 192, 206, 227–228 ( saints, popular )
living 25, 39, 42–43, 47, 49, 54–55, 61, 69, 94, 96, 104, 107, 112, 114, 132, 137, 146, 148, 152, 157, 159, 173, 176, 191–194, 201, 203–206, 211, 216, 218, 227 ( beatas )
popular 53, 150, 192, 206 ( saints, folk )
sainthood 22, 206–207 ( sanctity and saintliness )
saintliness 56, 68–69, 143 ( sainthood and sanctity )
Salpêtrière 11, 82, 105
sanctity 3, 40, 52, 55, 57, 61, 67n76, 75, 76n18, 79, 84, 90, 141, 145–146, 184, 188, 192–194, 198, 200, 203, 206–207, 209–210, 216–217, 221, 227 ( holiness, sainthood and saintliness )
alleged 76n19, 200n96, 202
feigned 75n17, 159, 169, 174–175, 179, 193, 202, 204 ( holiness, simulated )
San Giovanni Rotondo 133, 182, 209, 212n140, 220n14
sante vive 84, 191–192, 221, 223
satirical text 159, 167, 173–177
Sawicki, Diethard 76, 81
Schäfer, Sabine 168n52
Schäffer, Anna 90n83, 198n87, 210n133, 216
Schmit-Klaer, Lucie 89
Schuhmann, Maria Beatrix 88n71
science 17, 42, 63, 99–100, 105–106, 117, 167, 170, 207n123
scientism 11
Second Republic (France) 165, 172, 178
Second Vatican Council 198
Second World War 89, 97n7, 99, 109
Serra, Maria Rosa 44, 203
Simon, of Trente 136
simulation 105, 117, 169, 171
sin 157, 163
Sixtus IV 190
Sixtus V 194
social classes 98, 102–103, 110
Soubirous, Bernadette 61, 62
soul 188, 191, 208
atoning 39
Spalbeek, Elisabeth van 81n38
Spain 15, 36–38, 40–42, 44, 55, 110, 115, 118, 157–159, 160n7, 161–167, 169–171, 174–175, 178–179, 186, 218, 220
spiritual director 103, 106–107, 114, 116, 118, 120, 125–126, 183, 186, 200, 204, 208, 211
Staehlin 14n58
Starace, Maria Maddalena 198n88, 210n134
Stations of the Cross 84
statue, wax 134
Stephen of Obazine 188
stigmata 100–101, 109, 111, 117–118, 120n111, 126n132, 164–165, 167, 194–196
“fake” 74, 157–160, 168–171, 173–179
figurative 74, 164, 175–176
imitative 109, 111
invisible 75, 101n25, 103n31, 119, 190, 192, 199
visible 79, 182, 192 ( wounds, visibility of )
stigmatic 2, 3, 9, 15, 17, 23, 28, 36, 99, 101, 107, 119, 122, 126, 129, 132, 135–136, 138–152, 163
category 3–4, 8–9, 14, 18, 45–46, 189, 197, 215
chaser 17, 27, 48
lists of 8–15
type 3–4, 8–9, 17, 25, 27, 35–36, 38, 41, 46, 48, 64, 140, 152, 214–216, 223
visual stereotype 143
stigmatization 3, 8, 97, 100n18, 102, 103n31, 105, 108, 111, 113, 163, 165, 190, 196–197, 211
reinvention of 8, 38, 215
logic of 141
Stolberg, Count Leopold von 70
sufferer 38
suffering 39n133, 49, 59, 70, 72–74, 81, 87, 92, 94, 101, 110–111, 157, 161, 183, 191, 199, 216–217
Christ’s 76, 83, 84n53, 148 ( Passion of Christ )
compassionate 94
cult of 83–87
culture of 92
redemptive 87–90, 183, 188
reparatory 87, 89–90, 188
rhythm of 88
visibility of 80
Summers, Montague 14
supernatural 116, 118–119, 157, 160, 162, 166–167, 169–170, 195, 198, 210
superstition 166–167, 170
sweet odor 168
symbol 100n18, 157–163, 165, 167–169, 173, 175, 177
Taigi, Anna Maria 55n22, 198n88, 209, 228
Talbot, John 70
Tamisier, Rosette 157–160, 162–179
Tarallo, Maria Grazia 198n88, 210n134
Taubenberger, Teresia 86, 219
Teresa, Mother, of Calcutta 52–53, 58
Thérèse of Lisieux 52, 223
Third Republic (France) 10, 96–97, 100, 103, 109, 117–118, 122, 125, 162–163
Thomas of Celano 188
Thomas, Alexandre 151
Thurston, Herbert 14
Tippelskirch, Xenia von 8, 28, 38, 75
Tournai 79, 85, 88, 137
trial 159, 165, 168–173, 175n83, 178–179, 199–200, 202
Trier 138–139
Tyrol 11, 21–23, 26, 33–35, 38n131, 43, 70, 76n20, 96, 98, 105, 107, 161, 165n36, 203, 214, 224
Ultramontane Catholics 10–11, 66, 76, 218
ultramontanism 100–101, 147, 162–163, 165–166, 172, 174–175, 223
United Kingdom 97n7, 127n133, 164, 362
United States 67
Urban VIII 206
Vatican 3–5, 26, 40, 42–43, 45, 47, 49, 51, 54, 56, 67, 115n86, 139, 149, 157, 162, 166, 168n51, 179, 187, 191, 197, 199, 204–205, 211, 227–228 ( Holy See )
Venerable 118–119, 160
Veuillot, Louis 115n86, 166–167, 175–177
victim 31, 199
expiatory 90, 184
heroic 90
soul 67, 117, 119, 160–161, 167
Vincent, Serafina 76n19
Vingerhoedt, Catharina 134
Vinken, Barbara 77, 82
Vintras, Pierre-Michel Eugène 169
Virgin 62, 92, 112, 214
virgin, saintly 39, 184–185, 191, 208
virtues 12–13, 31, 42, 55, 69, 151, 184–185, 188, 194–195, 206–208, 210, 227
vision 16, 19–20, 32, 81, 157, 159, 161–162, 184, 192, 195, 208
visionary 7, 39, 62–63, 198, 204, 211n138
visitors to stigmatics 49, 73, 78–82, 87, 92–94, 96–99, 102–113, 130, 134, 139, 141, 143, 164, 186, 215
restrictions to 100, 113–119, 126
associations of 119–127
Visser, Dorothea (Dora) 35, 66
Volpi, Mgr Giovanni 183
Warlomont, Évariste 12
Way of the Cross 99, 107, 109–110, 121–124, 126
Weiskircher, Juliana 29–30
Weiß, Otto 33, 77
Westphalia 33, 59
Winter, Theresia 65, 86n63, 136–137, 147, 214
worship 96, 114, 126, 192, 194, 205
wounds 3, 20, 30, 36, 49, 73, 97, 101, 103n31, 105–106, 109, 111, 119, 127n133, 134, 157–159, 161, 163–165, 168–171, 174–176, 179, 183, 186–188, 190, 215
imprint of 146–147, 149, 189, 191
representation of 144–145
visibility of 46–48, 65, 73–79, 82, 140–141, 185, 216
Zarri, Gabriella 191n41, 192, 221
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