Index
Achebe, Chinua
36
Adorno, Theodor
36
aesthetics
38
,
48
,
110
,
120n7
,
141 –142
,
145
,
148 –149
African American Philosophy
2
,
132
,
163 –166
African philosophy
74
,
132
,
165 –166
,
172
alchemy
10
Al-Ghazali
126
,
171n1
algorithm
1 –2
,
52
,
100 –101
,
144
All-Unity
109
,
127
,
188
American philosophy
159
,
189
analysis
28 –29
,
37
,
77
,
107
,
187 –188
analytic philosophy
8
,
14
,
26 –27
,
33
,
129 –131
,
159
,
184 –187
Anaxagoras
102 –103
Anaximenes
102
Appiah, Kwame Anthony
10 –13
Arab philosophy
see Islamic philosophy
architecture
126
,
139
,
146 –147
Aristophanes
3
Arnold, Matthew
75
art
25
Asante, Molefi
69
,
98
Ast, Friedrich
117 –119
atman
158
atomism
14n6
,
29
,
35
,
103
,
108 –109
,
113
Aufhebung
73
,
103
Axelos, Kostas
64
Ayer, A.J.
29
Bakhtin, Mikhail
127
balance
27
,
38
,
43
,
57
,
111 –112
,
120 –121
Bantu philosophy
13
,
127
Barber, Benjamin
100
behaviorism
113
,
131
,
142
Bergson, Henri
117
Berkeley, George
128
,
136
Berlin, Isaiah
111
Bernasconi, Robert
47
,
88
Bertalanffy, Ludwig von
19
,
28
Bible
119
biophilosophy
28
,
192
Blackmore, Susan
135
,
147
Blanqui, Auguste
40
Bloom, Allan
75
Boas, Franz
130
Bougueureau, William-Adolphe
37
Bréhier, Emile
186
Brucker, Jakob
82 –83
,
156
Buhle, Johan Gottlieb
48 –49
,
81 –82
Butler, Judith
67
Canguilhem, Paul
25
Carnap, Rudolf
29
Cavell, Stanley
76
,
175
Chakrabarty, Dipesh
69
,
97 –98
,
177
chaos
79
,
92
,
122
,
174
Chinese philosophy
82
,
165
,
169 –172
Christianity
92
,
96
civilization
57 –61
,
95
Cocteau, Jean
145
cognitive science
20
,
120
Cold War
161
Collins, Randall
49
colonialism
2
,
14
community
4
,
15 –16
,
36
,
47
,
51
,
60
,
77 –78
,
81
,
89
,
127
,
181 –182
Comparative philosophy
42
,
50
,
84
,
169
Comte, Auguste
41
consciousness
22
,
63
,
86 –90
,
124
,
131
,
148
,
151
,
186
contemplation
186 –187
Continental philosophy
14
,
49
,
130
,
159 –160
,
184 –187
Copernicus
128
cosmology
8 –9
,
40 –41
,
88 –89
,
103 –105
,
108 –111
,
117
cosmopolitanism
9
,
11
,
36
,
55
,
58 –60
,
68
,
192 –193
cosmos
14 –15
,
30
,
65
,
101
,
102
,
107
,
193
Counter-Enlightenment
11
,
81
Cousin, Victor
94
,
156
creationism
42 –45
Crick, Bernhard
158
Crick, Francis
25
Critchley, Simon
16
,
76
cultural particularism
8
,
89
,
94 –95
,
166
Cultural Revolution
182n4
Cultural Studies
2
,
68
,
75 –76
,
162
culture
7 –8
,
11
,
47
,
50 –52
,
57 –61
,
133
,
141 –142
,
174 –175
cybernetics
5
Darwinism
42
,
101
,
134
,
152
Dasein
119
Dawkins, Richard
1
,
21
,
134
,
142 –143
deconstruction
31
,
67
deculturation
50 –54
,
128 –130
,
175
Degérando, Joseph-Marie
82 –84
Delbrück, Max
42
Deleuze, Gilles
4
,
14
,
68 –71
,
136 –137
,
158
democracy
67 –68
,
98
,
168 –169
Democritus
103
Dennett, Daniel
21
,
101
,
135
,
144 –145
,
150
Derrida, Jacques
30 –31
,
56
,
73 –74
Descartes, René
3
,
21 –22
,
44
,
108
determinism
25
,
27
,
40
,
45
Developmental Systems Theory
20 –21
Dewey, John
130 –131
différance
31
,
166
Dilthey, Wilhelm
75
,
121 –122
,
130
,
178 –179
dna
1
,
20
,
24 –25
,
28
,
151
dogmatism
11
,
38 –39
,
110
dream
125
,
149
,
151
Driesch, Hans
17 –18
,
71
dualism
14
,
21 –24
,
29
,
32
,
42
,
111
Dussel, Enrico
165n2
dynamics
136 –139
Eco, Umberto
27
economics
2
,
99 –100
,
115
education
7
,
184
,
189
Einfühlung
119 –121
,
124
Einstein, Albert
45
Eleatic School
107
Elias, Norbert
61
emergentism
14 –15n6
,
32 –34
,
40
,
122
,
138
Empedocles
102 –103
Enlightenment
11
,
36
,
40 –41
,
48
,
54
,
177
Epicurus
3
equilibrium
see balance
essentialism
75
ethnoscience
183
ethnomathematics
189
ethnophilosophy
13
,
74
,
131
,
154
,
165 –166
,
180 –183
,
189
Etiemble, René
65
eurocentrism
2
,
81
,
129
European Community
60
evolution
23 –25
,
135 –139
evolutionary naturalism
19
,
192
excellence
2
,
16
,
51
,
53
,
66
,
161
,
184
externalism
23
,
39
,
63
,
67
feminist philosophy
163 –166
feminist science
183
film theory
158
,
160
Foucault, Michel
14
,
68
,
70 –73
,
158
,
188
Fourier, Charles
40
fragmentation
6
,
7
,
35
,
37
,
69
French thought
162 –164
Freud, Sigmund
52
,
149
Friedell, Egon
146 –147
fundamentalism
51
,
72
,
92
,
100
,
127 –129
,
175 –176
,
192
Futurism
17
Gadamer, Hans-Georg
66
,
119 –122
,
131
,
144
,
157 –158
,
178 –179
,
185
Galileo
128
game
see play
Garve, Christian
157
Gehlen, Arnold
115
,
151n9
gene
20 –21
,
28
,
42
,
113
,
136 –141
Gestalt
14 –15n6
,
18
,
33
,
123n10
globalization
60
,
64
,
89
God
21
,
25
,
29
,
36
,
38
,
44 –45
,
91 –92
,
104 –109
,
128
,
145
,
180
Goethe, Johan Wolfgang
3 –4
,
33
,
35
,
37
,
44
,
55
,
58
,
84
,
167
,
187 –188
Goldstein, Kurt
14 –15n6
,
18 –19
,
33n7
Gombrich, Ernst
59
Goody, Jack
131
Gramsci, Antonio
63 –64
Guattari, Felix
4
,
69
,
136 –137
Habermas, Jürgen
73 –74
,
114 –115
,
185
habit
113
,
141 –142
,
181
Hadot, Pierre
53
,
161 –162
Haering, Theodor
95
Hall, Stuart
75
happiness
11
,
26
,
82
,
88
,
96
,
116
,
120
,
130
,
161 –162
harmony
37
,
40 –41
,
108 –109
,
126
Hawking, Stephen
45
Hegel on Africans
86 –87
,
90
,
180
Heidegger, Martin
56
,
73
,
178 –179
,
185
Heisenberg, Werner
45
hellenization
81 –82
Helmholz, Hermann von
109n4
Heraclitus
102 –103
Herder, Johan Gottfried von
9
,
11 –12
,
58
,
61 –63
,
81
,
84
,
95
,
108 –111
,
116
,
130
,
167
hermeneutics
35
,
74
,
117 –120
,
131
,
178 –179
,
185
hierarchy
112 –113
Hinduism
92
historicity
178 –180
history
108 –109
Hobbes, Thomas
78 –79
holism
14 –15n6
Hollinger, David
131
Hollywood
190
Horkheimer, Max
36
Hountonji, Paulin
13
humanities
7
,
26
,
32
,
48
,
54
,
75
,
110
,
193
Hume, David
33
,
123
Husserl, Edmund
3
,
158
idealism
94
,
118
,
160
identity
11
,
37
,
38
,
52
,
59
,
91
,
103
,
114
,
141
,
174
Ikhwan Al-Safa
126
imperialism
7
,
12
,
58
,
100
,
174
Indian philosophy
12
,
82 –84
,
168
,
170
internationalism
100
internet
1
,
97
intrinsically purposive
23 –24
,
121
,
125
,
130
Iran
72
Islamic finance
191
Islamic philosophy
171 –172
Jacob, François
25 –26
,
45
Jakobson, Roman
135 –139
James, William
130 –131
Jameson, Frederic
75
,
167
Janz, Bruce
56 –57
,
97
Japanese philosophy
169 –172
Jewish philosophy
165
,
173n1
Jews
81
,
92
Kagame, Alexis
13
,
57
,
131
Kant, Immanuel
58
,
61 –63
,
66
,
109 –111
Kautsky, Karl
61
Kellner, Douglas
76
Kepler, Johannes
128
kitsch
4
,
37 –38
Koestler, Arthur
19
,
26
,
45
,
111 –113
,
131
,
141 –142
,
152
Koffka, Kurt
34
Kristeva, Julia
181 –182
Kuhn, Thomas
181
Kulturkampf
131
,
161
Kyoto School
49
,
171
La Mettrie, Julien Offray
21
,
41
,
147
Lacoue-Labarthe, Philippe
38
language
4
,
11
,
25
,
28
,
61
,
74
,
79
,
84
,
95 –97
,
119
,
122 –125
,
131 –133
,
149
,
151
Laplace, Pierre-Simon
40
Lasch, Christopher
52
,
76
,
175
Latin America
7
,
166
,
182 –183
Lebensform
123 –125
,
149 –152
,
155
Lebensphilosophie
117
Lebensstil
see style
Lebenswelt
185
Lefort, Claude
39
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm
123
,
128
Leiter, Brian
184
Leucippus
103
Lévi-Strauss, Claude
59
Lipps, Theodor
120n7
literature
3 –4
local
3 –16
,
32
,
47 –49
,
84 –97
,
100
,
101
,
111
,
115
,
164
,
167 –168
,
183
,
192
logic
8
,
75
,
103
Lossky, N.O.
127
Lotman, Yuri
148 –149
Luhmann, Niklas
113 –116
Lyotard, Jean-François
68
,
74 –75
Machine Conception of the Organism (mco)
20 –22
,
102
,
108 –109
,
139 –140
,
193
machine
22 –23
,
31
,
65
mechanic
macroeconomics
99
Maimonides
173n1
Malcolm, Norman
20n2
Malebranche, Nicolas
128
Marinetti, Filippo Tommaso
17
Marxism
26
,
74
,
165
materialism
19
,
22
,
75
,
79
,
102
,
106
,
109n4
,
111
Mbiti, John
13
McDonaldization
100
Mead, Margaret
130
mechanic
17
,
30
,
35
,
101
,
141
,
150
,
155
machine
medical science
9n2
,
14n6
,
120 –121
Meiners, Christoph
82 –84
memetics
134 –153
metaphor
25
,
137
metaphysics
45
,
67
,
69
,
77
,
103
,
108 –110
,
116
,
124 –125
,
157
microbiology
120
microcosm
2
,
8
,
41
,
99 –101
,
116
,
119
,
126
Middle Ages
9
,
11
,
26
,
147
Mill, John Stuart
32
mimesis
134
,
141 –144
,
147
,
159
minorities
2
,
67
,
97
,
164 –166
Misch, Georg
122
Mitchell, W.J.T.
134
modernity
4 –7
,
17
,
36 –37
,
63
,
99 –100
Arab modernity
174
Moeller, Hans-Georg
114 –116
molecules
1
,
21
,
23
,
28
,
140
monism
14
,
28 –33
,
42
,
103
,
125
Monod, Jacques
30
Montpellier School
33n7
Moore, G.E.
8
morphology
35
,
155
multiculturalism
12
,
67
,
90
,
192
Muslims
92
,
172n1
,
191
Nagel, Thomas
33
narcissism
53
,
161
nationalism
3
,
4
,
12
,
36
,
61
,
93 –94
naturalism
3 –11
,
16
,
19
,
27
,
35
,
55 –58
,
61
,
91 –95
,
130
nature
23
,
26
,
33
,
38 –41
,
43 –44
,
63
,
75 –79
,
87 –91
,
105 –111
,
114 –128
,
133
,
140
,
147
,
155
,
181
,
186 –188
Nazis
38
Needham, Joseph
181
Neo-Darwinism
19
,
113
Neo-Hegelianism
29
,
33 –34
Neo-Kantianism
96
,
185
neo-liberalism
7
,
16
,
53
,
173n1
,
184
,
189
Neoplatonism
29
,
53
New Criticism
131
Newton, Isaac
35
,
128
Nicolai, Friedrich
156
Nietzsche, Friedrich
54
,
145
Nishida, Kitaro
126 –127
nous
105
Nowak, Leszek
96 –97
Nussbaum, Martha
9 –10
,
67 –68
,
89
,
181 –182
occidentalism
98
Okere, Theophilius
56
organic architecture
17
,
38
organism
5
,
9
,
22 –24
,
35
,
89
,
119
orientalism
74
,
84
,
98
,
183
Pan-Africanism
13
,
165
Pan-movements
5
,
94 –95
Panofsky, Erwin
110
,
126
Pan-Slavism
12
,
13
,
42
,
61
,
87
,
95
,
190
pantheism
106 –107
Park, Peter
49
,
118 –119
Parmenides
29
,
67
,
107
Parsons, Talcott
131
particularism
8
,
89
,
94 –95
,
166
cultural particularism
person
37
Philosophical Anthropology (German movement)
150
philosophy (definition)
127 –134
,
157 –58
,
162 –163
,
170 –171
phronesis
130
Plato
3
,
8 –9
,
15
,
31 –32
,
42
,
47
,
67
,
88 –89
,
101
,
103 –106
,
182
Laws
32
,
43
,
90
,
103 –104
,
155
Statesman
103
Philebus
103 –104
Republic
115
Timaeus
8
,
14 –15
,
31 –32
,
88 –90
,
103 –104
,
155
play
120
,
144 –145
,
148
Plessner, Helmut
115
Plotinus
29
Poland
95
Popper, Karl
22
,
36
positivism
19
,
34
,
29
,
41
,
120 –121
post-colonial studies
76
poststructuralism
5
,
13
pragmatism
185 –186
pre-Socratics
102
,
107 –108
processualism
19 –20
,
30
,
39 –40
,
46
,
121
,
131
,
139
,
152
Proclus
24
,
30
provincial
95 –96
,
100
public-private
79
Pythagoras
103
,
162
racism
2
,
81
,
87
,
91
Raelism
45
rationalism
54
,
101
,
106 –107
Readings, Bill
51
realism
11
,
19
,
107
,
118
,
160
reductionism
40
relativism
47
,
91
,
185 –186
religion
11
,
42 –44
,
51
,
92
,
127 –129
,
191
Renaissance
59
,
110
,
126
rhizome
69 –71
Ricœur, Paul
25
robots
122n9
Romanticism
106
Rorty, Richard
54
,
173
,
176
,
181 –182
,
185 –186
Rothacker, Erich
115
,
150
Roy, Olivier
51
,
92
,
175
,
191
Ruskin, John
17
Russell, Bertrand
8
,
26 –27
,
29 –30
,
107 –108
,
188
Russian Formalism
127
,
135
Russian Futurism
17
Ryle, Gilbert
27
Sabry, Tarik
174 –176
Sanskrit
83
,
90
,
177
Sapir-Whorf
131
Sartre, Jean-Paul
132 –133
Saul, John Ralston
129
,
186
Scheler, Max
151n9
Schelling, Friedrich
45
,
83 –84
,
109
,
109n4
Schlegel, August
35
,
83 –84
Schlegel, Karl Wilhelm Friedrich
83 –84
,
106 –107
,
128
,
157
Schleiermacher, Friedrich
117
Schoenberg, Arnold
37
scholasticism
11
,
131
,
142
,
161
Schopenhauer, Arthur
91
,
116 –117
Schrödinger, Erwin
42
Searle, John
22
secularization
51
selection
21
,
43 –45
,
52
,
105
,
113 –114
,
136 –140
,
146 –153
,
192
Sellars, John
130
,
161
Sellars, Roy Wood
19
,
192
semiotics
135 –139
Semper, Gottfried
146 –147
Sen, Amartya
64
Shershenevic, Vadim
17
Simons, Peter
32 –33
,
138
,
159
,
185
Slavs
87
Smuts, Jan
14 –15n6
,
141
sobornost'
127
sociology
2
,
50
,
99
Socrates
3
,
15
soul
21 –24
,
32
,
43
,
87
,
90
,
102 –105
,
110
,
127
,
147
world soul
Spengler, Oswald
35
,
155
,
181
Sperber, Dan
144
Spinoza
29
spirit
85 –90
,
168 –169
spiritualism
19
standardization
15
,
51
Stoics
3
,
55
,
88 –89
structures
23 –24
style
123
,
138 –139
,
142
,
145 –147
,
150 –152
subaltern studies
98
subculture
32
,
54
,
75
,
163
,
175
sublation
see
Aufhebung
substantialism
67
synthesis
35
,
37
,
187 –189
systems
136
,
155 –156
Tagore, Rabindranath
8n1
,
127
,
129
Tagore, Saranindranath
8
,
50
,
66
,
128
,
158
Taussig, Michael
78
Tennemann, Wilhelm Gottlieb
81 –83
,
156
Theory of Forms
9
,
67
,
104 –106
theory
158 –160
,
186
theosophy
11
Third World
4
,
65
,
165
Tiedemann, Dietrich
81
,
84
totalitarianism
13 –14
,
35
,
38
,
77 –80
Trilling, Lionel
17
Trubetzkoy, Nicolas
148
Tylor, Edward B.
58 –59
Tynianov, Yuri
135 –139
ubumwe
127
,
182
unity
39
,
8
,
90
,
102 –107
,
113
,
116 –119
,
122
,
125 –127
All-Unity
universalism
2 –3
,
7 –8
,
11 –12
,
16
,
47 –51
,
60
,
87 –89
,
192
Urpflanze
37
value-free
47 –48
Vico, Giambattista
178
Vienna Circle
3
Virno, Paulo
78 –80
vitalism
102
Vivtruvius
126
Voltaire
11
Wallerstein, Immanuel
6
,
10
,
72
,
75
,
97
Walzer, Michael
36
Watson, James
25
Weiss, Alfred
19
wen (文)
127
West, Cornel
161 –162
Whitehead, Alfred North
27n6
,
33
,
104
,
106
whole-part relationship
24
,
52
,
62
,
112 –113
Wiese, Benno von
95
Wilamowitz-Moellendorf, Ulrich von
54
Wittgenstein, Ludwig
122 –125
,
149 –152
,
155
Wolff, Christian
29
world cinema
65
,
190
world history
84
world literature
58
,
64
,
84
,
166 –167
world soul
32
,
90
,
105
,
138
,
155
soul
Wundt, Wilhelm
93 –94
Xenophanes
107
Zen Buddhism
171 –72
Zeno
107