Index
References in bold appear in tables and those in italics appear in figures.
abacus
30–35, 36, 51, 55
agricultural education
45, 55, 56–57, 97–100
Akagawa Tadateru
63
algebra
27, 55, 60, 62
credits
43
weekly teaching hours
53
alumni (of Imperial Tungwen College)
94; (of the Chinese vocational School) 96
American
cotton
99
support for Japan’s recovery after World War II
80
Analects
xi, 23n2, 29, 32–33, 48;
Four Books and Five Classics
apprentices
1, 154–155
arithmetic
28–38, 41–46, 51, 53–55, 60, 63–66, 69, 77, 93–94
attainment (educational)
15, 83, 88–89, 104, 113–116, 164
bachelor
10, 12
Becker, Gary S.
91
Beijing
54n28, 58n36, 69–70, 86, 237, 255, 273, 294
educational attainment
113
enrolment ratio
17, 121
female higher education
69–71, 75, 81
literacy
15
number apprentices
1
teacher salaries
166–168, 172–173
Beijing University of Iron and Steel Technology
54n28
Beijing Xiehe Women’s College
69–70
Beiyang University
49–50
biology
42–44, 52, 54–57
botany
41, 46–48, 53
Boxer Indemnity Scholarship programme
102
cartography
53, 55
characters, Chinese
23, 31, 55
Charter of Women’s Primary Schools
x, 68
Charter of Women’s Teacher-Training Schools
x, 68
chemistry
27, 35, 38, 40–60, 158–159, 168–169
chemurgy
48;
chemistry
Chenggong (county)
15, 113, 118–119, 154–155, 163–165, 207
Chengdu
113, 117
civil examination system
2–6, 18–19, 23–26, 78–79;,
Shengyuan, Juren, Jinshi, Keju
Cixi (Dowager)
67
clan
x, 77;
Imperial clan, Keju clan, Keju Jiazu
college
6–8, 28, 42, 44, 47, 71, 81, 86, 89, 95, 109, 157, 160–161, 170;
Beijing Xiehe Women’s College
Imperial
4, 27, 94;
Guozijian
commune (agricultural)
11, 84, 114, 119–120
compulsory education
13, 88, 90, 105
Confucian canon
25–28, 30–36, 38
Confucius
23–24
Great Hall of
3
Cultural Revolution
x, 12, 56, 58, 109, 253
curriculum
23, 25–59, 62, 66, 70, 95
Darwinian theory
53, 60
Dianshi (palace examinations)
x, 4, 5
discrimination
class
84
gender
76
drawing education
28, 31–50, 100, 168–169
Dowager Cixi see Cixi (Dowager)
dropout
2, 31, 36, 76, 83, 90
education
system
x, xii, 1–3, 7–10, 12–13, 19, 26, 65, 67n24, 68, 77, 79, 91, 93, 95, 110, 301, 307
formal
1–2 , 7, 15, 19, 68, 164–165, 184
general
xiii, 7–8, 10, 22, 39, 69n35, 72, 73, 74, 81, 100, 101, 102, 107–108
teacher-training
50, 96n29
tertiary
6–8, 10–12, 17, 22, 38, 42, 54, 58, 68–71, 73–75, 80, 84–87, 89, 108, 110, 158, 160
vocational
7–10, 22, 44, 48, 50, 56–57, 89, 102n41, 109, 315
secondary
xiii, 6–8, 10, 17, 22, 68, 72, 74, 76, 81, 84, 87, 88, 101, 108–110, 113–121, 312
traditional
1, 19, 22, 23, 37, 77, 92–93
ideological
56, 57, 58, 59
Eight Banners
xi, 5
eight-legged essays
25
elementary education
2–6, 23–24, 28, 31, 63–66, 77;
primary school, Sishu, Yixue, Shexue, compulsory education
engineering
26, 45–47, 48–54, 62, 82, 95, 97, 102, 154
enrolment
66, 71–72, 74–77, 81, 107, 109
female
234–235, 69, 69n39
“nearby enrolment”
87
quota
18, 83
ratio
15–22, 64, 74n61, 74–79, 85, 90, 105, 107, 118–135
enterprise
87, 88, 98, 111;
factory
iron and steel
54
state-owned
11, 109
etiquette
2, 63
factory
54, 57, 94, 97–99, 158–159;
enterprise
fisheries
154, 160–161
Four Books and Five Classics
xi, 23n2;
Analects, Mencius
Fuxue (prefecture school)
4–5, 23
Gongsheng
4, 7
Great Leap Forward (1958–1962)
xi, 10–11, 52–54, 84, 252 comment
Guangxu (emperor)
67
Gongsheng
xi, 4, 7
Great Leap Forward (1958–1962)
xi, 10–11, 52, 54, 84, 252
guild
1–2
Guozijian
4, 5, 23;
Imperial College
Huishi (metropolitan-level examination)
xi, 4, 5
illiteracy see literacy
Imperial clan
5
Imperial University of Peking
48, 79
Japan
28, 63, 65, 67, 70, 80, 96
Jingguan (senior level Sishu)
xi, 24n3
Jinshi
xi, 4, 7, 19, 78–79;
civil examination system
Juren (successful candidates of provincial-level examination)
xi, 4, 7, 19, 79
Keju (imperial examination system)
xi, 2–7, 79, 94–96, 104;
civil examination system
Keju clan
(
Keju Jiazu
)
79
Keju Jiazu
(
see Keju clan
)
Keshi (a pre-selection examination)
4–5
Kuomintang
71
literacy
1–2, 15, 23, 64–65, 77, 104–105, 108–109, 154–165
campaign
73, 105
major (education)
47, 59, 95–96, 99–102, 111, 158–160
May Fourth Movement see New Culture Movement
Mengguan (junior level Sishu)
xii, 24n3
military
civil examination
19
family background
58, 81–82, 155, 158–159
in curriculum
35, 42, 44, 46, 49–50, 62
school
6, 27–28, 96, 102
Ministry of Commerce
26
missionary school
64–71
modernization
6, 26, 38, 65, 72, 93, 95, 96n29–30, 97
New Culture Movement (1915–1919/1923/1927)
70
Ningbo Nüshu (the first girls’ missionary school in China)
xii, 64
Presented School Regulations
xii, 20–21, 28, 44, 45–48
Qian Junrui
50
Rawski, Evelyn S.
15n2, 77, 91, 312
Shanghai Datong Private University
70, 81, 178–179
Shanghai Jingzheng Nüxue (the first Chinese-run school for girls)
xii, 66
Shengyuan
xii, 3–5, 17–19, 77–78;
civil examination system, keju, Xiucai
Shexue (community-level primary school)
xii, 2, 5, 23, 24n3;
elementary education
Shuyuan (traditional academy or college)
xii, 2–3, 5–6, 18–19, 23–27, 38–39, 48, 77–79, 104
Sishu (traditional private primary school)
xiii, 2–3, 5, 16–18, 19–21, 22–24, 28, 36–37, 63–64, 69–72, 77–78, 83, 104–105, 113–122, 149–151, 156, 161, 214–234;
Mengguan, Jingguan
social ladder
xiv, 2;
social mobility
social mobility
85, 109, 312
Taiping rebellion (1850–1864)
xiii, 18
teaching content
2, 11, 23, 25–41, 57, 65–66, 68, 70, 72, 83, 105
Tongsheng
xiii, 2, 4, 6, 18–19, 78
Tsinghua University
79, 80, 86, 172, 301–302, 312
Xianxue (an official school in a county town)
xiii, 4, 5, 23
Xiucai
xiii, 3n6;
Shengyuan
Yixue (morality school)
xiii, 2, 5, 23–24
Yugan (county)
17, 18, 37, 64, 69, 113, 119, 127, 139, 149, 156, 161, 198
Zhouxue (an official school situated in the capital of a Zhou)
xiv, 4, 5, 23, 149, 156, 161, 198