Abortion
10 , 281 , 289 –297
Acts of Faith
36 , 60 , 208 , 216 , 323 –324 , 328 –329 , 331 , 334 , 339 –341
America, American (US)
1 , 12 , 37 , 93 , 142 –143 , 150 –151 , 200 , 219 , 239 , 243 , 282 , 295 , 305 –306 , 315 , 323 –325 , 330 , 332 , 336 –337 , 339 , 347
ancestors
178 , 198 , 224 , 228
Anhui
30 , 140 , 149 , 239 , 242 , 244 , 296
Assembly Hall Church(es).
See
Local Church
atheism/atheist
19 , 21 , 24 , 61 , 80 –81 , 157 , 214 , 216 , 230 , 232 –233 , 326 , 333 , 335 , 338 , 340 –341
Bai
197
baptize/baptism
29 , 39 , 142 , 148 , 166 –168 , 170 , 172 –173 , 177 , 179 , 264 , 271 –272 , 282 , 284
Beijing
9 –10 , 64 , 66 , 82 , 89 , 93 , 113 , 156 –157 , 238 –257 , 260 , 262 , 265 , 276 , 281 –284 , 286 , 289 –290 , 292 , 295 –297 , 338 , 343
Bible
19 , 22 , 28 , 42 , 44 –45 , 47 –48 , 52 –53 , 56 , 144 , 155 , 165 , 167 , 169 , 170 –172 , 176 –177 , 193 , 198 , 202 , 267 , 286 , 290 , 294 , 297 , 305 , 307 –308 , 314 –315
black (market)
1 , 3 –8 , 11 , 35 , 37 –38 , 41 –42 , 47 , 50 , 54 –55 , 57 –58 , 61 –62 , 67 –69 , 75 –77 , 183 –186 , 190 –191 , 193 , 196 –198 , 211 , 308 –309 , 317 , 325 , 329 –331 , 342 , 344 –345. gray (market)
;
red (market)
;
religious market(s)
;
tricolor market
Black Dragon King
80 , 99 , 104 , 107 –108
Bodhisattva
101 , 102 , 104 –105 , 108
Buddhism
2 , 7 , 12 , 19 , 90 , 101 –102 , 108 –109 , 114 , 120 , 145 , 147 , 164 , 164n1 , 176 , 184 , 197 , 324n8 , 343
Caishen (God of Wealth)
7 , 100 –106 , 108 –109 , 112 –113 , 343
Caishen Ya
100 –114
Catholicism
2 , 11 –12 , 25 , 41 , 63n9 , 80 , 112 , 197 , 323 , 341
Chen Yun
25
China Christian Council (ccc)
7 , 21 , 62 , 64 , 69 , 71 –74 , 147 , 193 , 196
China Inland Mission (cim)
63 , 69
Chinese Communist Party (ccp)
2 , 4 , 11 , 12 , 17 , 20 –26 , 31 , 39 , 61 , 80 , 86 –87 , 93 , 102 , 114 , 340. party-state
Christianity
2 , 3 , 6 –8 , 11 –12 , 17 , 25 , 27 –28 , 30 –31 , 35 , 38 –39 , 48 , 62n9 , 80 –82 , 84 –87 , 91 –92 , 94 , 96 , 119 –121 , 124 , 136 –143 , 145 , 145n27 , 152 , 155 , 160 , 170 , 173 , 183 –188 , 190 –203 , 238 , 244 , 253 –254 , 264 –266 , 275 , 278 , 299 –300 , 307 , 315 , 332 , 335 , 338 –342 , 347
Christmas
31 , 69 , 120 , 154 , 178 , 188 , 265
Church of Almighty God (Quanneng shen; cag, Eastern Lightning)
6 , 19 , 41 –42 , 50 –51 , 54 –58 , 66 , 70 , 113 , 342
church-state (relations)
8 , 21 –22 , 25 , 32 , 35 , 49 –50 , 56 –57 , 62 , 80 –81 , 86 , 158 –159 , 177 , 185 –186 , 190 , 238 , 342
civil society
35 , 110 –111 , 113 –114 , 151 , 301 , 312 , 319 –320
Confucianism
19 , 176
cross(es)
31 , 44 , 52 , 122 , 128 , 146 , 165 , 262 , 292 , 307 , 341
cults
4 , 6 , 35 –36 , 38 –41 , 49 –51 , 53 –58 , 69 , 76 , 155 , 186 , 198 –199 , 202 , 232 , 340 , 342 , 344. sects
Cultural Revolution
2 , 21 , 24 , 64 , 69 , 71 , 102 , 138 , 143 , 167 , 220 , 232 , 244 , 341
Dai
184
Daoism/Daoist
2 , 7 , 9 , 12 , 99 , 101 –102 , 103n8 , 108 –109 , 114 , 120 , 122 , 145 , 207 , 207n2 , 213 –214 , 220 –221 , 226 –228 , 230 , 343
Daoshi.
See
Daoist
deacon(s)/deaconess(es)
22 –23 , 43 , 52 –53 , 240
Deng Xiaoping
23 , 23n14 , 25
Derung
84
Document No. 19
2 , 22
Donations
23 , 50 , 52 –53 , 56 –57 , 65 , 73 , 102 –106 , 113 , 167 , 169 –172 , 177 , 190 , 196 , 209 , 239 , 305 –307 , 312 –313
Early Rain Church
180 , 295 , 305 , 308
Easter
154 , 188
Eastern Lightning.
See
Church of Almighty God
Established King
38
Europe
12 , 25 , 139n7 , 324 , 332 , 336 –337
Falun Gong
4 , 19 , 55 , 58 , 113 , 335 –336 , 340
fengshui
8 , 100 , 112 , 122 –126 , 128 –130
fertility
8 , 10 , 280 –291 , 294 , 296 –297
Finke, Roger
1 , 36 –38 , 60 , 174 , 209 –211 , 213 –218 , 323 , 324n8 , 334 –335
folk religion
3 , 7 , 12 , 38 , 85 , 90 , 94 , 99 –104 , 106 –114 , 119 –131 , 133 –137 , 147 , 164n1 , 214 , 218 , 227 , 229 , 232 –233 , 238 , 280 , 296 , 333 , 343 , 345 –346
Fujian
23 , 141n10
funeral
190 , 192 , 194 –195 , 207 , 222 –223 , 223n34 , 226
God
10 , 23 , 28 , 39 –40 , 43 –49 , 51 –54 , 65 , 123 , 144 , 153 , 157 , 168 –170 , 169n6 , 178 –180 , 185 , 197 –198 , 286 –287 , 290 , 292 –294 , 307 –308 , 315 , 338
God of Wealth.
See
Caishen
“Grace to the City”
147 –148 , 150
gray (market)
1 , 3 –8 , 10 –11 , 17 , 35 , 37 –38 , 47 , 50 , 55 , 57 –58 , 61 –62 , 64 –65 , 67 –68 , 70 , 72 , 74 –77 , 107 –108 , 112 –113 , 184 , 186 , 191 , 197 –198 , 211 , 220 , 244 , 300 , 308 –309 , 317 , 319 –320 , 325 , 329 –331 , 333 , 341 , 342 –346. black (market)
;
red (market)
;
religious market(s)
;
tricolor market
Gu, Pastor Joseph
31
Guangdong
9 , 91 –92 , 207 , 219 –220 , 224 , 227 , 241
Guanyin
101 –102 , 104 –106 , 109
Guizhou
84 –85 , 296
Han
80 –82 , 183 –184
Hangzhou
31
Hani
8 , 183 –185 , 189 , 191 –192 , 195 , 197 –198 , 200 , 342
Henan
6 , 22 , 28 , 39 , 69 –70 , 140 , 149 , 177 , 242 , 244 , 246 –247 , 256 , 264 –265
Holy Spirit
29 , 47
Hong Kong
5 , 144 , 150 –151 , 154 –155
house church(es) (unregistered churches)
2 –4 , 6 –10 , 17 , 19 –20 , 24 , 28 , 55 , 62 –65 , 67 –69 , 72 , 74 –77 , 95 , 138 –141 , 143 , 145 , 147 –148 , 150 –151 , 153 –161 , 166 , 172 , 176 , 180 , 243 , 281 –282 , 289 , 291 , 295 , 297 , 300 , 309 , 316 , 338 , 341 , 343 –344
Hu Jintao
62
Hubei
29 , 39
Huhan pai.
See
Shouters
Hunan
41 , 42n , 46 , 53 , 84 –85
Inner Mongolia
41n11 , 265
Islam/Muslim
2 , 12 , 287 , 340 –341 , 347
Jesus
41n11 , 45 , 138 , 146 , 149 , 153 , 161 , 170 , 178 , 187 –188 , 244 , 275 , 286 , 292 , 307 , 314 , 335
Jesus Family
142
Ji Sanbao
38 –40 , 48
Jiang Zemin
25 –26 , 86
Jiangsu
8 , 29 , 138 , 140 –143 , 145 , 145n27 , 147 , 160 , 164 , 244 , 343
Korea/Korean
5 , 201 , 265 , 275 –276 , 328 , 346
kowtow
178 , 195
Kunming
80 , 82n5 , 83 , 83n8 , 85n13 , 89 , 91 –93 , 188
Lahu
84
Laozi
48 , 313
Leizu
101 –102 , 109 , 113
Li Xianting
262 –263 , 271
Lingling Sect
38
Lisu
84 , 87 , 199
Local Church (Zhaohui, also called Assembly Hall)
4 , 39 , 142 , 144
Lord God Sect
38
mainland China
5 , 38 , 150 , 154 , 302 , 311 , 315 , 339
Marxism/Marxist
336 , 338
megagroup
10 , 299 , 301 , 309 –316 , 318 –319
Miao
7 , 80 –96 , 199 , 343
Miao choir.
See
Mountain-Dweller Chorus
miracle(s)
28 , 38 , 40 , 45 –47 , 56 , 101 , 103 –104 , 113 , 121 , 123 , 139 , 184
Mentuhui (Society of Disciples)
6 , 11 , 35 , 38 –45 , 47 –58 , 342
Mountain-Dweller Chorus
88 –91 , 95
Nanjing
8 , 71 , 144n21 , 164 –167 , 171 , 178 , 181n , 343
Nanjing Theological Seminary
71
Nu
197
oligopoly
325 , 327 , 345
orientalism
80 , 96 , 338
overseas Chinese
27 , 149 , 315
party secretary
86 , 132 , 134 , 263
party-state
2 , 6 , 9 , 11 , 17 , 21 –22 , 25 –26 , 31 , 63 , 330 , 333 , 342 –344 , 347
pastor
23 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 47 , 52 , 64 , 67 , 70 –71 , 74 –75 , 139 , 143 –145 , 148 –151 , 158 , 165 , 167 , 169 –170 , 172 , 179 , 181 , 198 , 202 , 240 , 247 , 250 , 254 –255 , 256n25 , 257 , 267 , 273 , 278 , 282 , 295 , 297 , 305 , 309 , 311
patriotic association
2 , 4 , 18 , 24 , 27 , 61 , 64 , 77
Pentecostal
74 –75 , 177 , 253 –254 , 257
People’s Republic of China (prc)
2 , 67 , 80 , 88 , 224 , 229 , 232 , 288 , 303
Political Consultative Conference
81 , 88 –90 , 94
pray/prayer
23 , 40 , 43 –47 , 49 –50 , 53 –54 , 86 , 123 , 158 , 165 , 167 –170 , 176 –177 , 223 , 244 , 282 , 292 , 316
Presbyterian
142 –143 , 150 –151
priest.
See
Daoist priest
Protestant
2 , 4 , 6 , 8 –12 , 20 –21 , 24 , 30 , 35 , 38 , 45 , 50 , 62n9 , 69 , 80 , 120 , 142 , 151 , 164 , 164n1 , 197 , 199 , 238 , 243 –244 , 253 , 253n18 , 260 , 264 –265 , 267 , 271 , 300 , 323 , 341 –342
Public Security Bureau
21 , 25 , 144 , 149
Qing (dynasty)
19 , 102 , 112
qigong
3 –4 , 61
rational choice
60 , 209 –210 , 213 , 323 , 332 , 334
red (market)
1 –6 , 8 , 11 , 17 , 37 , 55 , 61 –62 , 65 , 68 –69 , 72 , 74 –76 , 107 –108 , 114 , 183 –184 , 186 , 191 , 193 –197 , 211 , 308 –309 , 325 , 329 –330 , 342 –345. black (market)
;
gray (market)
;
religious market(s)
;
tricolor market
reform (and opening policies/era)
2 , 17 , 23 –27 , 35 , 37 , 63 –64 , 69 –70 , 80 , 87 , 138 , 151 , 160 , 216 , 218 , 220 –221 , 227 , 229 , 238 , 240 , 242 –243 , 255 , 327 , 341
Reformed (theology)
149 –151
Regulations on Religious Affairs
2 , 11 , 47 , 134 , 180 , 299 , 308 –309 , 316
Religious Affairs Bureau (rab)
11 –12 , 21 –23 , 25 , 29 –30 , 54 , 68 , 73 , 75 –77 , 85n12 , 149 , 156 , 188 , 330 , 343
religious economy/market
1 –7 , 9 –11 , 35 –38 , 41 , 50 , 55 , 60 –63 , 68 , 75 –76 , 80 , 107 , 113 , 174 , 183 , 191 , 197 , 201 –202 , 207 –220 , 233 –234 , 244 , 300 , 308 , 317 , 322 , 325 , 327 , 329 –330 , 332 –339 , 341 , 343 –347. black (market)
;
gray (market)
;
red (market)
;
tricolor market
Republic of China
80
Republican era
19
ritual(s)
9 , 42 , 44 , 56 , 81 , 102 , 108 , 121 , 166 , 189 , 195 , 207 –208 , 213 –218 , 219n , 220 –233 , 240 , 344
rule of law
132 , 136 , 140 , 156 –157 , 173 , 201
sect
2 , 4 , 6 , 11 , 19 , 35 –39 , 41 , 45 , 50 , 56 , 58 , 69 , 174 , 176 , 178 , 208n2 , 342 , 344. cults
secularization
6 , 19 , 212 , 215 , 217 , 219 , 226 , 229 –230 , 233 , 326 , 336
Shaanxi
39 , 48 , 81 , 108 , 289 , 296
Shandong
242 , 244
Shanxi
6 , 63 , 67
shortage economy
323 –325 , 332 , 343
Shouters (Huhan pai)
4 , 39 , 69
Shouwang Church
113 , 250 , 256n25
Sichuan
7 , 46 , 85 , 100 , 103 –104 , 108 , 144n21 , 196 , 296 , 324n7 , 343
Smith, Adam
208 –209 , 213
social scientific study of religion
12 , 324 , 328 –329 , 340 , 345 , 347
Society of Disciples.
See
Mentuhui
sociology of religion
36 , 323 –324 , 326 –328 , 332 –333 , 336
Songzhuang (artist village)
260 –272 , 274 –278
Spring Festival.
See
New Year
Stark, Rodney
1 , 36 –38 , 60 , 139 , 139n7 , 174 , 209 –211 , 213 –218 , 323 , 328 , 330 , 332 , 334 –335 , 337
State Administration of Religious Affairs (sara)
26 , 91
State Council
2 , 26 , 39 , 309 , 316
Sunday school
148 , 156 , 165 , 167 –169 , 171
Sung, John (Song Shangjie)
139 , 167
Taiwan
37 , 43 , 58 , 149 , 151 , 335
temples
3 –4 , 7 , 61 , 90 , 99 –109 , 111 –114 , 120 , 129 –130 , 133 –134 , 145 , 147 , 168 , 207 , 209 , 212 , 223 –224 , 227 –228 , 323 , 343 –345
temple fair
99 , 101 , 103 –108 , 111 , 113
Three Grades of Servant
38
“Three Rectifications and One Demolition” campaign
31
Three-Self Patriotic Movement (tspm)/Three-Self church(es)
6 –7 , 17 –18 , 20 –21 , 24 , 28 –30 , 32 , 42 , 45 , 47 , 50 , 52 –53 , 55 –57 , 62 , 64 , 68 –76 , 138 –139 , 139n4 , 141n14 , 143 –145 , 147 , 154 , 156 –157 , 159 , 167 , 169 , 177 , 186 , 193 , 196 , 198 , 201 , 243 –244 , 265 –266 , 271 , 295 , 297 , 342
Thrice Redeemed Christ (Sanshu jidu)
42 , 44 , 48
Tiananmen Square (massacre, incident)
12 , 25 , 166
Tibetan
19 , 197
Torch Festival
88
Tricolor market (theory)
1 –3 , 5 , 7 , 10 , 35 , 38 , 41 , 55 , 61 –63 , 68 , 75 –76 , 80 , 107 , 183 , 300 , 308 , 325 –326 , 330 –334 , 340 –341 , 344 –346. black (market)
;
gray (market)
;
red (market)
;
religious market(s)
True Jesus Church (tjc)
6 , 11 , 20 –22 , 28 –30 , 39 , 342
Tudigong
99 , 101 , 104
United Front Work Department
12 , 21 , 25 , 26n19 , 86
United States (US).
See
America
unregistered church(es).
See
house church(es)
urbanization
8 –9 , 74 , 220 , 238 –245 , 251 , 253 , 255 –257 , 260 , 278 , 343
Wang Yi
160 , 303 –308
WeChat
10 , 281 , 299 –320 , 343
wedding
190 , 194 , 223
West/Western
9 , 21 , 30 –31 , 48 , 111 , 138 –139 , 142 , 151 , 199 –200 , 212 , 219 , 233 , 243 , 314 , 322 , 324n8 , 327 , 329 , 331 , 335 –336 , 338
Xi Jinping
11 –12 , 30 , 87 , 299 , 331 , 340 , 344
xiejiao (evil cult)
4 , 6 , 342
Yang, Fenggang
1 –3 , 10 , 35 , 38 , 60 –61 , 80 , 107 , 183 , 186 , 197 , 201 , 308 , 317 , 330 –331 , 333 , 336 –337 , 339 –341
Yanjing Theological Seminary
64
Yao
184
Yi
82 , 88 , 90 –91 , 184
Yiguandao
37 –38 , 43 , 58 , 335 , 344
Yuanmingyuan
262 , 270 , 277
Yunnan
7 –8 , 80 –89 , 91 –94 , 148 , 183 –184 , 194 , 197 , 199 , 201 , 342 –343
Yunnan Ethnic Theme Park
7 , 80 –81 , 83 –86 , 343
Yunnan Theological Seminary
83
Zhaohui.
See
Local Church
Zhejiang
7 , 31 , 119 , 136 –137 , 141n11 , 242 , 343