This book greatly benefitted from discussions with many people. Thanks to my colleagues at the Department of International and European Union Law at Erasmus School of Law, who commented on early versions of this work. Thanks to Roland Pierik for the invitation to present an early version of this book at a colloquium organised by the Paul Scholten Centre of Jurisprudence at the University of Amsterdam Law School and thanks to all his colleagues for their valuable feed-back. Many thanks to Hannah Driesens for her help in finalizing the tables of (case) law. Special thanks go to the following persons, who have been extremely generous with their time and who have provided me with detailed comments on draft versions of the manuscript: Wibren van der Burg, Richard Moon, Marloes van Noorloos, Stephanos Stavros and Stephanie Triefus.
JTRotterdam, February 2021