Index

In: Byzantium and Islam
Author:
Daniel J. Sahas
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Index

ʿAbbad b. Sulaiman 61
ʿAbbās Mahmud al-ʾAqqād 84 n. 45
Abbasids 108
period 71, 75, 283, 285 n. 42, 329 n. 11, 336 n. 40, 389 n. 26, 406 n. 17, 417
renaissance 335
ʿAbd Allah b. al-Fadl, Archbishop of Antioch 296
ʿAbd al-Malik, Caliph (685–705) 271 n. 73, 278, 295, 312, 338, 362 nn. 19, 21, 363 n. 23, 364–5, 364 n. 33
ʿAbd al-Qāhir al-Baghdādi 22
ʿAbd al-ʿUzzā 400
ʿAbdallah Ibn ʿAbd al-Hakam (727–829) 281 n. 27
ʿAbdu l-Raḥmān b. Auf 172
abid 75
abjuration, formula of 321, 420, 434
Abraham 91, 106, 143, 180, 192, 195, 267, 360, 371, 432, 449, 513
Abū Bakr (632–634) 34, 89, 103 n. 19, 266, 361 n. 11, 392 n. 45, 415 n. 40
Abū Hanīfa (699–767) 60, 390, 434 n. 7
Abū Lahab 400
Abū Qurra, Theodore, bishop of Harān (ca. 750–ca. 825) 7, 23–4, 27, 76–8, 197 n. 98, 280, 285–6, 328, 331, 343–4, 348–50, 389, 436–7, 467 n. 21, 471 n. 35
on Muhammad 314
use of name “Saracen” 78, 192 n. 59, 193, 385
Abū ʿUbayda Ibn al-Jarrāḥ 19, 143–4, 158, 160–1, 172 n. 19, 223–4
Abū ʿUthmān al-Jāhiz (781–869) 123
Achaemenids 4, 169, 200, 479 n. 15
Agapius of Manbij 150
akht-name 152, 163, 165–173
ahl al-Kitāb 63, 152, 167 n. 60, 514 n. 64
Aḥmad 30, 492 n. 66 Paraclete
Ahmad b. Hanbal (d. 855) 30, 126, 492 n. 66
Akhis 483, 498 n. 13 Chiones and al-akhiyan
Akhtāl, poet (n. ca. 640) 20, 295, 305, 312, 313 n. 27, 362
al-akhiyān 483 See also Chiones
al-Ashʿarī, Abū ’l-Hasan ʿAli (ca. 873–935) 22–23, 319, 324, 371 n. 58, 377
al-Maqālāt al-Islāmīyyīn 300, 324
Ashʿarite theology 56, 100
al-Azhar 129
al-Baladhūri 17, 160 n. 30, 166, 260, 274, 364 n. 32
al-Balaqā 209
al-Bukhāri 167 n. 60
al-djāmi 438 n. 19
al-Farama (Pelousion) 252
al-Ghazzali 68
al-Hallāj 393, 417
al-iqlās 27
al-Jābiya (Gabithā) 145 nn. 19 and 20, 161 n. 36, 162 n. 37, 164, 166
al-Kharrāz 89
al-Kurūm 405
al-Māʾidah 14, 398
al-Mahdi, Caliph 107
al-Mamūn, Caliph (813–833) 280 n. 22, 332, 337
al-Mansūr, Caliph (754–775) 120
al-manzila bayna ’l-manzilatayn 377
al-masājid al-ʿUmariyya 149, 164, 268 n. 56
al-Masʿūdī, ʿAlī ibn al-Husain (896–956) 118, 123
al-Muktadir, Caliph (908–932) 3, 196
al-Mundir 188, 189 n. 36, 222 n. 20
al-Mutawakkil, Caliph (847–861) 387
al-Shāfiʿī (767–820) 390
al-Shahrastāni 377
al-tawhīd 21 Surah CXII
al-Wākidī (797–874) 81 n. 28
al-Zuhair 88
Aleppo 260
Alexander, Patriarch of Theoupolis 211, 211 n. 43
Alexander the Great 479 n. 15, 492, 500 n. 22, 516
Alexandria
capitulation (646) 157, 160 n. 33, 224, 253, 274
Alexios I Comnenus, Emperor (1081–1118) 36, 441
Allahu akbar 284 n. 39, 320, 369 n. 50, 399
amān 116 n. 2
amīr al-mu’minīn 19, 124, 147, 149, 162 n. 42, 406 n. 17, 417 Ἀμερουμνής
ʿAmr b. ʿUbayd (d. 762) 325, 375
ʿAmr b. al-ʿAs 17, 144, 254
ʿAmr b. Bahr Jāhiz (776?–869?) 75
anā al-haqq 110, 393
Anastasius I, Patriarch of Antioch 176, 230 n. 63
Anastasius of Sinai [Sinaites] (c. 640–c. 700) 5, 8 n. 29, 9, 75 n. 12, 87, 93, 174–81, 204 n. 4, 205 n. 8, 263–4 n. 30, 267, 269 n. 59, 327
Anatolia
Muslim conquests 233 n. 74, 476, 477 n. 6, 480 n. 16, 481 n. 19, 486, 487, 494, 496, 497 n. 12, 503 n. 29, 519
Andreas of Crete (ca. 660–740) 276, 276 n. 1, 283, 286, 327, 330, 333, 334, 338, 341, 367
Andronicos II (1282–1328) 451
Andronicos III Palaiologos (d. 1341) 476, 495
Andronicos Doukas 471–2
Ann of Savoy 476, 495
Anthimos from Aghialos 168
anthropomorphism 56, 57, 104, 321 n. 55, 338 n. 46, 375
antidoron 409
Antonius, Abbot of St. Simeon’s monastery, Antioch 296
apocalypticism 6, 53, 121 n. 22, 165, 259, 262, 267 n. 55, 268, 272–4, 179 n. 20, 365, 463
apodeipnon 96
apotaxis 433, 434
arab 4
Arab
conquests 9, 75 n. 12, 85, 99, 123, 142, 165 n. 57, 223, 236, 265, 270, 328
invasions 10, 97, 121, 143, 147, 159, 260, 322
ruler 368
Arabism 112
Arabs 4, 5, 203, 358
as Achaemenids 169, 200
as Amalekites 9, 185
as barbarians 149, 206, 207
as Hagarenes 7, 186, 193, 206 n. 13, 266
as Ishmaelites 103, 186, 206, 312
as Manichaeans 283
as Muslims 275, 278, 396
as Muslems and Ishmaelites 6
as pagan 5, 9, 127 n. 61
as Persians 4
as Saracens or Sarracens 3, 4 n. 5, 6, 89, 103, 169, 182, 184, 185, 186, 266, 406 n. 16
as scenitae (tent dwellers) 184, 185
capitulation of Christian Cities to 160 n. 33, 224, 269, 274, 308, 359
Arethas, name
Arabic Arith 29
Arethas of Caesarea (ca 850–932) 78, 99, 104, 108, 368, 401, 406 n. 17, 462ff.
Arianism 297, 298, 319, 364, 372
Asad b. Mūsa (d. 749) 377
ascetics and asceticism 4, 85–6, 90, 147, 148, 152, 163, 176, 205, 210, 221, 246, 249, 295, 301, 321, 325, 363, 369 n. 50, 374, 377, 384, 386, 388, 393, 394, 397, 400, 405, 412 n. 30, 419, 452–3,
asr 95, 148 n. 31, 149, 162 n. 41
Athanasios, bishop of Methone 455 n. 22, 461 n. 49
Athanasius of Hierapolis 158 n. 25, 230, 238 n. 15, 262
Babylon (Babyliyun) 186, 245, 252 n. 78, 253, 253 n. 80
Bahira 93, 94, 212, 386 n. 15, 395, 396
Apocalypse of Bahira 38
Balaban (Palapanes) 484 n. 35, 505 n. 38
Bālis 260
banu (tribe)
Hashim 79
Kalb 360, 361, 371 n. 61
Bar Hebraeus (1225–1286) 156 n. 14, 283
Bartholomeus of Edessa (9th c.) 6, 81, 193, 194, 280, 383ff., 394, 400, 437, 441, 467
on Muhammad 81–2, 196, 198 n. 98, 390–2, 395, 397, 399, 437
Basir 190
Bayt al-Hikma 332, 337, 399
Benjamin, Patriarch of Alexandria 274
Bertha of Sulzbach, princess 448
bidʿah 128
bilā kayfa 100
bismillah 397, 438 n. 23
Bogomils 441
Books
“The Four Books” [Torah, Psalms, Gospel, Qur’an] 513 n. 64
Brusa 505 n. 38
Bu Zīd il-Hilāli 407 n. 18
Byzantine Caesar 368 amir al-mu’minīn
monasticism 85, 344
State 124
Byzantine-Arab relations, and in passim 119
Byzantines and Muslims
diplomacy and dialogue 107
canon
codification 52, 55, 94, 95, 128, 153, 214, 397, 426, 429, 430
hymn 341, 342
Cappadocia 215 n. 64, 226, 407 n. 20
Cappadocian Fathers 61, 349, 356
Cephalonia 458
chartophylax 485 n. 40
Chiones 477–9, 482–5, 487, 490–1, 494, 497–8, 505–7, 509–11
Chios, conquest 271
Christianity, Orthodox 100
Christians
as “Associators” 50, 51, 192, 297, 299, 320, 368 n. 48, 372
Christological controversies 5, 55, 58, 59, 61, 100, 105, 131, 180, 227, 252, 262, 275, 298, 350, 370, 390, 430 n. 46, 437 n. 13
Chrysopolis 237
Church of St. Sophia 106, 404, 422, 443 n. 45, 449
Church of the Holy Sepulchre 163 n. 43, 168, 170 n. 13 Jerusalem, Kakames
Church (Ekklesia)
body of Christ 125
Cilicia 233, 271
circumcision 195, 282 n. 32, 299, 317, 369 n. 48, 374, 407 n. 18, 491, 510
Constans II, Emperor (641–668) 9, 244, 247 n. 58, 251, 264 n. 31, 265, 271
Constans Kalamaris 485 n. 40, 512
Constantia of Cyprus
conquest (649) 271
Constantine I, Emperor (324–337) 146, 163 n. 43, 411, 411 n. 29, 501
Constantine V, Emperor (741–775) 120, 281, 293, 322 n. 58, 354, 366 n. 39, 369 n. 52, 418
Peūseis (Inquiries) 418
Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus 34, 107, 196
Constantine Acropolites (1217–1282) 10, 189 n. 37, 323 n. 63, 333 n. 29, 451–461
Constantinople 103, 119, 129 n. 73, 151 n. 43, 154, 159, 219, 234, 239, 249, 265 n. 40, 274, 342, 351, 351 n. 107, 365, 404, 453, 460, 478, 486 n. 44, 500 n. 21
assault against (670) 271
fall of (1453) 106
siege (674–679) 271, 364
siege (717–718) 119, 278, 338
occupation (Latin 1204–61) 459
Cos 271
Cosmas of Maiumā (ca. 674–ca. 751) 276, 276 n. 1, 278 n. 14, 282, 309, 311 n. 23, 328, 330, 331 n. 19, 333, 334, 341, 342, 361, 363 n. 25, 367, 367 n. 42
Cosmas the Sicilian (ca. 664) 282, 294, 310 n. 15, 333, 335 n. 35, 338, 344, 362
Councils
Constantinople (381) 218 n. 5
Constantinople (553) 218 n. 5
Constantinople (754), Iconoclastic 418
Constantinople (1110–1111) 441
Chalcedon (451) 60, 100, 218 n. 5, 262, 299, 386 n. 14
Ephesus (431) 218 n. 5, 386 n. 14
Hiereia, Iconoclastic 362, 296
Lateran IV (1215) 38
Nicea I (325) 218 n. 5
Nicea (787) 430
Crete 236, 270, 271, 278, 279 n. 19, 282, 310, 322 n. 57, 338, 411 n. 29, 426, 455
Crusades and crusaders 119, 121 n. 20, 221, 227, 258, 323
I 34
II 35
IV 35, 37, 119, 287, 433
crypto-Christians 416 n. 40
Cyclades 455, 458
Cyrus of Alexandria 143, 241, 262
Damascus 4, 89, 131, 143, 143 n. 11, 144, 145 n. 20, 155, 157, 160 n. 33, 179, 195, 224, 226, 233 n. 74, 260, 266, 274, 286, 287, 295 n. 25, 329, 330, 339, 352, 355, 359, 360, 364 n. 32, 399, 406 n. 17
dār al-harb 425
dār al-islām 124, 308, 425
Demetrios Cydones (ca. 1324–ca. 1400) 99, 200, 478
Demetrius Chomatianos, Archbishop of Ochrid (1217–1235) 38
dhikr 66, 86 n. 4, 129, 324, 392 n. 45, 394, 400, 412 n. 32
dhimmis 101–102, 342, 418
dīn 13, 122
al-fitrah 13
Ibrahīm 14, 432, 450
Illāhi 13
Dionysius of Tell Maḥre 150
Docetism 377
Dome on the Rock 268 n. 57
Dragamestos 457
Dyrrachion 458
economia (divine dispensation) 259, 313
ecstasy 408 n. 21
Edessa 76, 102 n. 17, 187, 226 n. 41, 229, 274, 386, 394
eirmos, hymn 342
Elias bar Shināya, Bishop of Nisibis 145 n. 19, 161 n. 36
Ephesus 270
epidosis 480 n. 18, 503 n. 29
Epiphanius of Salamis 302 nn. 62 64, 303, 318 n. 43, 332
Eucharist 68, 111, 216, 282 n. 32, 409, 409 n. 25, 418, 419
Eustathios Argyros 471
Euthymios (907–912) 465
Euthymios monachos 198
Euthymios Zygabenos (1050–1120) 36, 99
Eutychius Saʿīd Ibn Baṭrīq Saʿīd Ibn Baṭrīq
Fakhr al-dīn al-Rāzī (1149–1209) 22
fāliha 400
falsafah 285
fanāʾ 110, 417
Fatimids 85, 129, 346
Fileremos 90
filioque 35, 449, 450
fitr 14, 91, 126, 378
Forakids 387, 393
Four books, The [Torah, Psalms, Gospel, Qur’ān] 513 n. 64
freedom of will , αὐτεξούσιον
Gabitha 263
Gabriel, angel 62, 64, 79, 81
Gennadius Scholarius II, Patriarch (1454–56, 1463, 1464–65) 46, 169 n. 7
George Cedrenos 198, 278 n. 13,
George, eparch of Africa 244–245, 255
George Hamartolos (9th c.) 45, 99, 195, 198 n. 98
George of Reshʿaina 236
George of Tanūkh, bishop (724) 337
George Sphrantzes (1401–1478) 45
Germanus I of Constantinople (715–730) 276 n. 1
geron 205, 205 n. 7
Ghassānids 154, 222, 257
gnofos 110
Gnostics 428
God’s 99 most beautiful 324
gospels and the Hadith 49 n. 3
Gregory Asbestas, Archbishop of Syracuse (d.880) 429
Gregory Decapolites (780/790–842) 9, 109, 111, 194, 198 n. 98, 459
Sermon 98
Gregory of Nazianzus (c. 329–c. 390) 63, 341, 342, 349
Gregory Palamas (1296–1360) 4, 4 n. 9, 10, 11, 106, 108, 109, 150 n. 38, 169 n. 10, 395, 453, 460, 471 n. 36, 476–494, 495–519
Habīb b. Hidma Abū Rāʾita 349
Hadīth 49 n. 3, 53, 63, 71, 78, 83, 96, 120, 131 n. 80, 167 n. 60, 205, 354 n. 115, 358 n. 1, 363 n. 26, 388, 392, 398
Hagia Sophia Patriarchal School 404
hajj 121, 129, 284–285, 369, 369 n. 50, 400
Hanafites 61
haraj 171
Hārūn al-Rashīd, Caliph (786–809) 266, 283
Hasan al-Basrī (d. 728) 301, 325, 374, 412 n. 30
haul 129
Heliopolis 253
Hellenism 348, 356
Heraclius, Emperor (610–641) 9, 102 n. 17, 121, 142, 143, 152, 154, 157–9, 167, 190, 218–235, 237, 238–40, 244, 250–4, 258–60, 265, 339, 356 n. 122, 386 n. 14, 479 n. 15
hesychasm 109, 109 n. 42, 395, 454
hijrah 15, 63
hikma 123
Himerios 471
Hishām, Caliph (724–43) 330, 368, 419
holosphyros, (ὁλόσφυρος) 433 n. 1, 434
horos 128
Hours, monastic five daily prayers 95 n. 40, 96, 342 apodeipnon, mesonycticon, orthros, vespers
Iba of Edessa (435–49, 451–57) 386 n. 14
Ibn al-Kalbi, Hisham (d. 821/2) 296, 371
Ibn Baṭṭūṭa 486
Ibn Hanbal (d. 855) 387
Ibn Hazm 377
Ibn Ishāq’s Sīra 71 n. 4
Ibn Khaldūn 486
Ibn Kullab 61
Ibn Kuttāb (d.240/854) 59
Ibn Saʿd (764–845) 78, 93
Ibn Sīrin (d.110/728) 412 n. 30
Ibn Taymiyya (d.1328) 60
Iconoclasm 100, 276, 277, 279, 285, 287, 293, 313, 314, 316, 321, 321 n. 55, 323, 337, 344, 352, 359, 365, 366, 370, 405, 419, 429
ijma 128
Ikhwān as-Safāʾ 85, 127, 346
imām 400
Imr al-Qais 86
Ioseph Bryennios (ca. 1340–1430) 459
Irenopolis of Dekapolis 404
ʿIsā b. Sabīh al-Murdār 349
ishāʾ 148
Ishāq b. al-Husayn 119
islām 13, 126–127
Islam
and Arianism 372
and Nestorianism 372
as “heresy” 6
as Christian heresy 105
as paganism 5
as the “anti-Christ” 106
as theosēveia 109
God’s unity 373
monastic character 85
the forerunner of the Antichrist 308, 365
the religion of the Ishmaelites 5 Shiʿa
Islamic
Christology 373
circumcision 374
polygamy 373
prohibitions 374
jabr 22
Jabrite-Qadarite-Muʿtazilite debate 374
Jabrites 301
Jabriyah 22
Jacobites 171, 227, 231, 262, 342, 349, 363, 449
Jahiliyya 127, 371
Jalāl al-Dīn al-Rūmī (1207–73/4) 37
James the Neobaptist 272
jamiʿ 129
Jerusalem
capitulation (638) 141, 144–146, 152, 154, 162, 167–169, 224, 274, 169 n. 8, 178 n. 34, 205 n. 6
Kakames (Church of the Resurrection) 170
Persian conquest 155
Jesus and Islam 9, 59, 60, 63, 64, 66, 71, 72, 74, 76, 78, 82–4, 92–3, 104, 127, 131, 170, 171 n. 13, 263 n. 28, 268, 282, 314, 319, 370, 373 n. 72, 391, 393, 399, 403, 410, 412 n. 32, 415, 450, 468–70, 471, 484, 487, 489, 490 n. 55, 491–4, 515, 516
Jihad 44, 109, 116, 121
John Cantacuzenos (1341–1355) 431, 441
John Doucas (ca. 1400–62/70) 45
John Mercouropoulos, Patriarch of Jerusalem (1156–66) 330, 337 n. 44, 343
John Moschus (c. 550–619) 5, 90, 148 n. 32, 153–4, 262, 316 n. 36
Leimon 90 n. 16, 92, 174–5, 89, 203 n. 1, 203 n. 2, 222, 266
John of Damascus (ca. 650–ca. 749) 109, 243, 276 , 291
accusations by the Iconoclasts 325
“conspirator against the Empire” 293
“Saracen-minded” 292
Disputatio Saraceni et Christiani 319
Education 363
Fount of Knowledge 300, 332
in the Umayyad court 364
mamzer (bastard) 293
on Islam 296, 368
on Islamic Christology 103
Syrian Arab 359
works, critical edition 358
John of Nikiou, bishop of Upper Egypt (7th c.) 6, 252–3, 264, 267, 360 n. 6
John of the Ladder [Klimakos] (d.ca. 649) 93, 412, 412 n. 32
John the Baptist 106, 341
John the Chamberlain 242, 247, 248
John V Palaeologus, Emperor (1341–1391) 476, 495
John VI Cantacouzenos, Emperor (1347–1354) 39, 199, 441
John VI, Patriarch of Jerusalem (838–842) 429
John Xiphilinos (d. after 1081) 129 n. 73
Joseph Vryennius (ca. 1350–ca. 1431/38) 44
jumʿa 128, 129
Justinian (527–565) 178 n. 31, 185 n. 15, 191, 261, 333, 345 n. 83, 364 n. 33, 411 n. 29
Kaʿba 62, 284, 299
Χαβαθά 320
Kafar 171
Kailiya 60
kalām 24, 59–60, 128, 285, 300, 350, 355, 371, 389 n. 26
kalima 49, 56, 128, 431
kalima ̉ l illāhi 24 shahādah
Kallinicos, “Greek fire” 271
Kallipolis (Gallipoli) 476, 479, 495, 495 n. 3, 500 n. 21
Kallistos I, Patriarch of Constantinople (1350–54, 1355–63) 453
karamāt 130
kasb and iktisab 22, 319
kawl 60
Khadījah 25, 397
Khagan of the Avars 227
Khālid b. al-Walīd 17, 144, 158, 172 n.19, 223, 252, 274, 293, 364
Khalifa 15
Khan el Amar 208 n. 21
Kharāj 402
Kharijites 58, 293
Kitāb 22, 65, 66, 204 n. 3
ahl al-Kitāb 63, 152, 167 n. 60, 514 n. 64
Kontakion 341
lafz 56, 57
lailat al-qadr 14
Lakhmids 154, 222
Lampsakos 480, 481 n. 21, 501, 503 n. 29
Leo III, Emperor, the “Isaurian” (717–741) 277, 364, 420
Leo VI the Wise (886–912) 10, 108, 191, 462, 464
tetragamy 465
Vasilika or Exavivlos 128
Lizikians 429
Logos theology 51–2, 55–58, 61, 65, 218, 324, 384, 449 n. 73 Qur’an as the Logos
logothetes 295, 305, 451, 451 n. 2
Lychnicon, the lamp-lighting Hour 342
Lycia 271
maghrib 148 n. 31, 149
Maligna 270
Mālik b. Anas (710–795) 390
Manichaeism 314, 318, 318 n. 43, 319, 319 n. 47, 394, 421, 422, 429, 430, 435 n. 9
Mansūr ibn Sargūn 20, 160 n. 33, 224, 292, 293, 338, 360, 364 n. 32
Manuel I Comnenus, Emperor (1143–1180) 35, 421, 433 n. 1,435
Manuel II Paleologus, Emperor (1391–1425) 43, 99, 442
Manuel-Maximus Planoudes (ca. 1255–ca. 1305) 39
Manzikert, battle of (1071) 448 n. 67
Markellos Sketiotes 211
Maronites 171
martyrdom 413 n. 35
The sixty martyrs of Gaza 144
Marwān I (684–685) 312
Mary 375 n. 78, 404, 410, 416, 469 n. 27, 504
and Islam 49 n. 3, 64, 65, 83, 92, 373 n. 72, 391, 393, 489
and Muhammad 49 n. 3
the Theotokos 489
masjid 119, 129
Maslamah, Yazīd II’s brother 119, 278, 338
Massalians 22
Maurice, Emperor 228
mawalis 128
Maximus the Confessor (580–662) 9, 230 n. 63, 236–55, 262, 264, 265, 266, 327, 348 n. 94
mazif 177
mesonycticon 96
Methodius Patriarch (843–7) 425
metochia (monastic dependencies) 411 n. 29
Michael II Traulos, Emperor (820–829) 452
Michael III Patriarch (1170–1177) 449
Michael Psellos (1018–after 1081) 129 n. 73
Michael, Archbishop of Athens (1182–1204) 433 n. 1
Michael the Syrian, Patriarch of Antioch (1166–1199) 103 n. 17, 283
mimbar 400
Miriam, Muhammad’s “Egyptian” wife 399
melismos (lit., dismemberment) 409 n. 23
Modestus Patriarch of Jerusalem (632–634) 154, 227
Monasteries and lavras
St. Catherine’s 129 n. 75, 296, 345, 411 n. 29
St. Chariton’s 236
St. Euthymios 208 n. 21
St. Gerasimos 208
St. Hyacinth 511
St. Sabbas (Mar Sabba) 109, 322, 323, 325 n. 69, 331, 332, 334, 342, 343, 345, 345 n. 80 n. 82, 346, 353, 355
St. Theodosius 148 n. 32
Studios monastery 404
Theoctistos monastery 210
Monasticism, Pachomian cenobiticism 388
Monoenergetism 154, 240–241, 262
Monophysitism 143, 219, 227, 231, 240, 244, 245, 252, 263, 286, 448
Monothelitism 9, 143, 154, 158, 219, 221, 225, 229n. 57, 230 n. 63, 231–234, 233 n. 71, 237, 241, 247, 262, 263 n. 29, 264
Moses 71, 72 nn. 6, 7, 75, 76, 106, 177, 178 n. 31, 272, 370, 373 n. 72, 483 n. 31, 491, 492 n. 63, 505, 507, 510–1, 513, 513 n. 64, 514–5
mosques 116 n. 2, 119, 149, 164, 268, 268 nn. 56, 56
Mt. Athos 453, 503 n. 32
Muʿawiyah 20, 34, 120, 271, 294, 312
muezzin 146
muhalil 470 n. 32
Muhammad 5, 6, 30, 59, 65, 71 n. 4
and monasticism 411 n. 29
and monks’ miracles 93 n. 28
as the “forerunner of the anti-Christ” 106
ascension to heaven (miʿrāj) 81, 394
foretold in the Gospel 492
genealogy 393
heresiarch 6
miracles 70, 78, 93 n. 28
illiteracy 64
Night of Power and Excellence 62, 64, 155, 399
Sirat (Vita) 93
splitting of his breast 80
Muhammad b. al-Said al-Kalbi (d. 763) 297, 360, 371
muʾjizat 130
Mujir ad-Din 166
mukhannathūn 215
Murjiʿites 293, 301, 374
mushrikūn 297, 299, 372
muslim 14, 91, 124
Muslims
“ὁ ἐρημικός Ἀμαλήκ” 9
“Associators” 50
“atheists” 262, 268
Arians 262
calendar 63
conquests 106
Coptae (mutilators) 297, 299
Nestorians 262
mutakallimūn 24, 346, 349, 371
Muʿtazilites 22, 24, 52, 56, 59, 61, 100, 104, 118, 286, 293, 297 n. 34, 300, 325, 349, 355 n. 119, 372 n. 63, 374, 375, 377, 390, 398
myron 460
myrovlete saint 452
nabi 71, 397 rasul
Nectarios, Patriarch of Jerusalem 151, 163, 164 n. 45, 452
Negus of Ethiopia 122, 213, 368
Nemesius of Emesa (4th c.) 318
neomartyrs 144, 160 n. 33, 224
neselamin, (muslims) 200 muslim
Nestorianism 99 n. 10, 103, 131 n. 80, 229 n. 57, 279 n. 20, 297–8, 320, 363, 364, 372, 386, 387, 393, 396, 428, 469 n. 27
New Testament 52–4, 84, 120, 126, 128, 131 n. 79, 180, 297, 372, 468
Nicene Creed 53, 298, 298 n. 44, 372, 434 n. 7, 469 n. 27
Nicephorus Gregoras (ca. 1290/ 1–1358/61) 40, 452, 486, 486 n45
Nicephorus II Focas (963–969) 121
Nicephorus, Patriarch of Constantinople (806–815) 151, 404
Nicetas Choniates (ca. 1155–ca. 1215/6) 7, 99, 199–200, 321, 421, 432–433, 433, 448 n. 67
Nicetas of Byzantium (ca. 842–912) 99, 105, 194, 196 n. 85, 197 n. 98, 203 n. 1, 321, 386, 421, 438–439, 441
Nicholas Mysticos, Patriarch (901–907, 912–925) 3, 104, 107, 108, 111, 119, 196, 462, 465, 466
Nikopolis of Epirus 453, 456, 458
Nitrian oasis (Wadi Natrūn) 211
Oasis of Pharan 178
Orkhan, emir 477, 478, 481, 481 n. 20, 482, 482 n. 23 n. 24, 484, 486 n. 45, 489, 490, 498, 503 n. 31
Orthros (Matins) 96, 342 Hours
Palladius, Lausaic History 94, 174, 205 n. 8
Panoplia Dogmatica 198, 199, 441
Paraclete 126, 492 n. 6 Ahmad
Passover 510
Pegai 480, 481 n. 21, 502, 503 n. 29
Pentarchy 143, 154, 231, 338
Pergamos 270
Peter of Maiumā (d. 743) 279, 283, 328, 365 n. 38
Peter, strategos of Numidia 238, 240, 251
Philo of Alexandria (30 BC–ca. AD45) 56–7
Philotheos Kokkinos, Patriarch of Constantinople (1354–55, 1364–76) 452, 477 n. 4, 477 n.n. 5, 482 n. 24, 486, 487 n. 49, 495 n. 1, 496
Phocas, Emperor (602–610) 220 n. 14, 221, 226, 226 n. 40, 229, 258, 259 n. 9
Phoenix 264 n. 33, 271
Photius, Patriarch (858–867, 877–886) 7, 108, 191, 196, 318 n. 43, 422, 430 n. 50, 435 n. 9, 462
Pope Benedict VI 43
Pope Calixtus II (1168–1178) 449
Pope Eugene II (824–827) 455
Pope Honorius I (625–638) 143, 154, 230, 230 n. 63, 262
Pope Innocent III (1198–1216) 38
Procopios of Nazianzus 168, 170 n. 13, 171 n. 13, 172 n. 22, 182 n. 3, 189, 189 n. 37, 222, 222 n. 21, 229, 457 n. 32
Prusa (Bursa) 481, 481 n. 21, 485 n. 40, 503, 512
Pseudo-Methodius of Patara 6, 273, 279 n. 20, 365 n. 36
Pythion 482 n. 23
qadar 22, 23, 59, 319, 375, 378 αὐτεξούσιον
Qadariyah and Qadarites 22, 300, 301, 319, 325, 355 n. 119, 374, 375, 398
qalam 64
Qāsirīn 260
qibla 143, 157
Qur’ān (al-Qur’ān = the Recital) 63, 66, 67
and anthropomorphism 375
as Furqan 29, 58
as qeryana 68
as the Logos 59, 64, 65, 376, 384, 519
Christ and the Qurʾān 49 n. 3
created or uncreated 100
Islamic doctrine 375
miracles in 71
Muhammad’s “sign” 73
names of 65
references to monks 428
the “Word of God” 62
the Last Testament 126
the miraculous character of 73 n. 9
the sign of God’s power 65
Quraish 72, 79, 366 n. 41, 393
Qusayr Amrah 368
Rabīʿ al-awwal 130, 172, 253
Rajab 253
Ramadan 62
Rashidūn 89, 216
rasūl 71, 397 nabi
razzia 4
religion 3–12, 58, 69, 77 n. 18, 94, 103 n. 19, 108, 122, 200, 217, 312, 365 n. 37
Rhodes 270, 271
Ricardo de Monte Cruce 200
ridda 415 n. 40
Roderick Visigothic King of Spain 368
Romanos I Lekapenos, Emperor (920–944) 406 n. 17, 464, 466, 467, 472, 475
Romanos the Melodist (d. after 555) 276 n. 1 n. 2, 328 n. 7, 340, 341 n. 63
Rūm [the Byzantines] 18, 95, 118, 120, 123, 127, 183 n. 5, 257 n. 7, 259, 272 n. 75, 278, 364 n. 32, 480 n. 15
Saʿīd b. al-Batrīq, Patriarch of Alexandria (933–940/1) 18, 25, 145, 145 n. 22, 162, 162 n. 38, 166
Sabbath 271 n. 72, 299, 341 n. 61, 369 n. 48, 374, 407 n. 18, 510
salāt 55, 68, 95
Salih, prophet and warner of Thamud 299, 369 n. 49
sāmad 27, 385 n. 9, 421, 436, 437, 438, 438 n. 23, 440, 441 ὁλόσφυρος
Samarqandī 22
Samauʾal al-Maghribī (c. 1130–1175) 427 n. 30
Samonas, Archbishop of Gaza 197
Sargūn b. Mansūr 17, 274, 360, 362 n. 19
Sergius I Patriarch (610–638) 143, 154, 158, 218, 219, 225 n. 37, 226 n. 40, 228, 229, 230–4, 262, 269 n. 59
shahādah 424 n. 12, 431 kalima
Sharīʿa 128, 387, 388, 390
sharqiyyūn 4, 182
shaṭḥiyyāt (ecstatic utterances) 408 n. 21
Shehinah 55
Shiʿa 86, 284 n. 36, 364, 369 n. 50
Sicily 261 n. 24, 264 n. 31, 279 n. 19, 455, 455 n. 19 n. 22, 457, 458
Sīrat rasūl Allāh 14, 62 n. 41, 93, 94, 96, 121, 122, 128 n. 65, 392
Smyrna 271
Sophronius, Patriarch of Jerusalem (634–638) chs. VIII and IX, 98, 122, 142, 144, 146–50, 147 n. 25, 152–4, 156, 158, 164, 189, 218, 219, 231–2, 237 n. 3, 241, 283, 327, 333, 338, 341, 343
Sozomenos 186, 187 n. 23, 192, 192 n. 58, 206 n. 13
St. Anthony of Egypt 89, 395
St. Barbaros 189 n. 37, 451, 452 n. 10, 453–5, 459, 460 n. 46, 461
St. Demetrianus of Cyprus 107, 196
St. Demetrios of Thessalonike 460
St. George
Muslim veneration of 407 n. 18
St. Luke the Younger Stiriotes 461 n. 49
St. Martha abbess of Monembasia 461 n. 49
St. Nicon “ho Metanoeite”, (ca. 930–ca. 1000) 322, 426, 461 n. 49
St. Pelagia the Harlot 4, 187, 188 n. 28
St. Peter of Argos (ca. 850–ca. 920) 452 n. 10, 455 n. 22, 456 n. 23, 461, 461 n. 49
St. Stephen the protomartyr 144, 160 n. 33, 224, 226 n. 40
St. Symeon the Stylite 7, 91, 186 n. 19, 206 n. 12, 208 n. 26, 214
Stephen of Alexandria 210 n. 36, 273
strategos 405, 420
ṣubh 148, 148 n. 31, 162 n. 41
Sufism 86, 89, 109, 127, 130, 301, 325 n. 69, 369 n. 50, 388, 408 n. 21, 417
Surah 68, 172 n. 21, 399
I al-Fātihah (“The Opening”) 68, 172 n. 21, 399
II al-Baqarah (“The Cow”) 5 n. 12, 21, 299
IV al-Nisā (“Women”) 263 n. 28
V al Mā’idah (“The Table Spread”) 5 n. 10, 299, 398
VIII al-Anfāl (“The Spoils of War”) 438 n. 23
IX al-Taubah (“Repentance”) 92 n. 27
XVI al-Nahl (“The Bee”) 263 n. 28
XXIV al-Nūr (“Light”) 87
XXX al-Rūm (“The Romans” i.e. Byzantines) 18, 95, 118, 272 n. 75
XCVI al-‘Alaq (“The Clot”) 21
CXII al-Tawhīd (“The Unity”) 21, 27, 52, 57, 61, 180, 263 n. 28, 298, 373, 375, 421, 436–8
Symeon Metaphrastes 7, 188 n. 35, 451
Symeon of Thessalonike (d. 1429) 442
Symeon Logothetes 451
synagogue 94, 96, 268
synaxarion 129
syntaxis 433, 435
tafsīr 67, 399
Tāhā Husayn 84 n. 45
tahlil 470 n. 32
tahrīf 50, 126, 127 n. 59, 180, 315, 397, 492, 514 n. 65
Takin, emir at Damascus (915–919) 467
tanzil ’l-Kitāb 66
Tarasios, Patriarch of Constantinople (784–806) 404
Taronites 478, 482, 484, 485, 490, 491, 497, 498, 505
tasimanes 484, 486, 512, 513, 531, 514
tasmiyah 129
Tenedos 476, 479, 495, 499, 500
thema (pl. themata) 295, 405 n. 14, 453, 456, 458
Theodore, Heraclius’ brother 157
Theodosios, Grammaticos (8th c.) 276
Theodore, Mantzoukis 446
Theophanes, the Confessor (ca. 755–ca. 817) 6, 130 n. 78, 150, 155, 158, 163, 190, 198, 222, 230, 233, 266, 283, 366 n. 39, 419
Theodore, Valsamon (d. 1199) 430
theophany 63
Theophilos, Emperor (829–842) 405
Theophilos of Edessa 150
Theophylactos, Patriarch (931–956) 462
Theophylactos Simocates 229
theoseveia 519
theosis 110, 321, 519
and fanāʾ 110
Theotokos 278, 323, 326, 341, 386, 489, 504
Thomas Aquinas 378 n. 87
Thomas of Claudiopolis 284
Timothy, Patriarch of Baghdad 107
Trinity
Trinitarian controversies 61
Trinitarian theology 60
troparion hymn 341
Trypho, Patriarch of Constantinople (928–931) 462
Theology
as experience 378
Turks chs. XXVIII, XXIX
“Achaemenids” or Persians 201, 479 n. 15
Osmanli 476, 478
ʿUmar I Ibn al-Khattāb, Caliph (634–644) chs. VIII, IX, X, 15, 89, 205 n.6
ʿUmar II, Caliph (717–720) 365
ʿUmarian 268 n. 56
Umayyad Caliphate (661–750) 278, 327
ummah islamiyya 14, 88, 124
ʿUthmān, Caliph (644–656) 58, 89
Vespers 96, 129, 342
Wahb. b. Kaisan 62
Walid I, Caliph (705–715) 295, 312
Walid II, Caliph (743–744) 283
Waraqah 93
Wāsil b. ʿAtāʾ (d. 749) 325, 375, 377
Wasiya (Testament) 60
wazir 467
wudūʾ 396
Yarmuk 263, 270
battle of (637) 17, 144, 158, 172 n.19, 223, 252, 274, 293, 364
Yazīd I, Caliph (680–683) 20, 295, 305, 362 n.19, 364, 435
Yazīd II, Caliph (720–724) 130 n.78, 277, 278, 312, 338, 359, 419
Yūhannā b. Māsawayh (d. 857) 337
Zachariah, Patriarch of Jerusalem (609–632) 155, 157, 226, 227, 23
zāhid (abstinence) 394
Zaid, Muhammad’s cousin 470 n. 31
zakāt 92, 489
zindig 75
Zoroastrian/ism 236, 264, 500
zuhd 394
ẓuhūr 149
Ἀμερουμνής 406 n. 17
ἀπόλουσις 423 n. 10
ἀπόταξις 421
αὐτεξούσιον 318, 319, 324, 325, 375
διὰ φωνῆς [Ἰωάννου τοῦ Δαμασκηνοῦ] 23, 281
ἐμφώτια 427
Ἑταιριασταί (Mushriqūn) 21, 320
θεοσέβεια 11 religion
θρησκεία 7, 10–11, 317 σκεία and σκιά
Kλίσμα (Suez) 210
Λιτή 23
λόγος
ἐνδιάθετος 57
προφορικὸς 57
σπερματικός 67, 370 kalima
μαζάριον 215
μελισμός 26
Μουχούμετ [Muhammad] 34
ὁδός 122
ὁλόσφυρος 36 samad
Παράκλητος 30 Ahmad and Paraclete
προσκομιδή 408 n. 22, 409 n. 23
Σαῥῤακηνοί 320 Arabs
σκεία τῶν Ἰσμαηλιτῶν 20
σκευοφύλαξ 428
τριήρηs 499 n. 18
ὑπόστασις (hypostasis) 437 n. 13
φύσις 437 n. 13
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Byzantium and Islam

Collected Studies on Byzantine-Muslim Encounters

Cover Byzantium and Islam
E-Book ISBN:
9789004470477
Publisher:
Brill
Print Publication Date:
19 Oct 2021

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