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Raúl González Salinero
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Analytical Index

‘ammei haAretz 145
‘Aqabiah son of Elyōenai 13n38
‘Atlit 64n152
Abdior (Jewish soldier) 71
Abraam (soldier) 106
Abu Simbel 8
Achaemenid/s see Persia, Persian/s
Aebutius (Jewish decurion?) 54, 59, 61
Aelia Capitolina (Jerusalem) 76
Aelius Gallus (prefect of Egypt) 30, 69n180
Aelius Silvanus (centurion) 76
Aelius Spartianus see Spartianus
Aetoli 27n9
Africa 5, 74, 99, 111
Agatharchides of Cnidus 13n37, 134–136
Agathokles son of Ptolemy 15
agens, agentes in rebus 103–104, 103n7, 103n10, 104n11, 113n62, 120–121, 130
Aggaeus 65
agnomen, agnomina 67n167
Agrippa 30n33, 35–36, 35n77
Agrippa I 38n95, 46, 49, 51
Agrippa II 46–47, 48n49, 49–54, 51n70, 56, 61–65, 62n146, 140n43
Agrius Evangelus 108
Aiacius Dama 83
Ala I Augusta gemina Colonorum 50
Ala Sebastenorum 32n51
alae (ἴλαι), wings 26–27, 91
Alamanni 159–160, 159n47
Alexander Balas 21
Alexander Jannaeus 18
Alexander Lysimachus 55
Alexander son of Andronikos 15
Alexander son of Theodorus 34
Alexander the Great 10–12, 15, 22, 29
Alexandria 8, 12, 12n31, 13n38, 22, 30, 37, 37n89, 44n28, 55, 67–69, 111–113, 130, 139, 157
alied auxiliaries see auxiliaries, auxilia
Altercatio Ecclesiae et Synagogae 124, 125n110
Ampius Balbus 33
amulet/s 84, 84n273
Ananias 17–18
Andronikos 15
Aninios (Jewish centurion) 70
anti-Christian persecutions 114n68
anti-Judaism 40, 40n5, 41n7, 44, 119–120, 124, 130
Antioch (Syria) 19, 21n84, 48, 83, 92, 130
Antiochus (son of the main Jewish magistrate of Antioch) 92, 92n320, 93n324
Antiochus I of Commagene 47
Antiochus III the Great 20
Antiochus IV Epiphanes 16, 20n79, 90, 136
Antiochus VII Evergetes (Sidetes) 23–25
Antipas (son of Herod the Great) 45–47, 47n47
Antipater of Idumaea 19, 29–30, 31n46, 34
Antonine Itinerary 101, 106
Antony (Marcus Antonius) 30, 30n37, 138
Apamea 75n208
Aphrodisias 58n124, 104
Apion 13, 22, 69n181, 96
apocalyptic 108–109
Apollinopolis Magna see Edfu
apostasy, apostate/s 2, 3n10, 55, 55n102, 89, 93n324, 128
apothecarius 143
Appian 27n14
Aquileia 75n209, 122
Aquincum (Obuda) 76
Arabia, Arabs 3, 30–31, 69n180, 99
Aramaic 3–5, 9, 10n17, 57–58, 65, 99, 104, 108
Archagatuhus (Jewish name of Greek origin) 78n226
Archelaus (Jewish name of Greek origin) 78n226
Archelaus (son of Herod the Great) 45, 60
archer/s 11, 11n25, 31, 31n45, 48, 84
Archias (Jewish name of Greek origin) 78n226
Archidamus (Jewish name of Greek origin) 78n226
Archieus (Jewish centurion) 50, 51n67, 63–65
Archigenia (Jewish name of Greek origin) 78n226
Archippus (Jewish name of Greek origin) 78n226
archisynagogue 5, 83–84, 84n271, 157
Archives of Abinnaeus 119
archon 5, 76–79
Arconcia (wife of Flavius Bes Nikon) 107
arcosolium, arcosolia 65–66, 146
Aretas (Nabataean king) 46
Argentorate, Strasbourg (battle) 159
Aristeas 8, 13, 13n34, 14n40, 14n41
Aristobulus 29
Aristonicus 29
Arizus of Emesa 47
Arles 125n112
Armenia 29n24, 46, 50, 91
Artabanus (king of Parthia) 47
Artaxerxes III 10
Ascalon, Ascalonitae 27n9, 65, 45, 52, 65
Asclepiodotus 31n48
Asia (Minor) 19–20, 19n75, 28–30, 32–35, 37, 51n67, 90, 99, 109, 114n68, 129
assimilation 15–16, 91–92, 109
association/s 15, 15n48, 43, 44n28, 125, 135n10
Assyria, Assyrian/s 8, 108
Aswan see Syene
Athanasius of Alexandria 111–114, 113n61, 113n62, 114n66, 157, 157n31
Athioeis 106
Athribis (Egypt) 70
auguria 90
Augustamnica 106
Augustine of Hippo 115, 115n73
Augustus (emperor) 27, 32, 35, 37, 37n85, 42–43, 45, 69, 75, 82, 130
Aulus Gabinius 19, 29
Auranitis 45, 50–51, 53, 65
Aurelia Baracha 82
Aurelian (emperor) 156
Aurelius Damas (Jewish soldier) 83
Aurelius Eliaseir 82n256
Aurelius Isaac 107
Aurelius Malchias, Marcus, son of Mocur 82
Aurelius Sallumas, Marcus (veteran Jewish soldier) 82
aurum tironicum 2, 117
auspicia 90
auxilia externa 26–27
auxilia palatina 154, 156–157, 160
auxiliaries, auxilia 24, 26–35, 26n5, 27n15, 28n18, 31n44, 42–43, 43n23, 46, 54n96, 58n121, 59, 62n146, 63, 63n150, 65, 65n159, 69n180, 71, 73, 73n201, 89, 93, 106, 110, 114, 129, 156–157, 159–160, 159n47
auxiliary troops see auxiliaries, auxilia
Avidius Cassius 93, 130
Azotus 45
Babatha 3–4, 4–5n23
Babtha daughter of Simon 95n341
Babylonia, Babylonian/s 20, 48–49, 48n51, 51, 65, 108–109
Babylonian Jews 48n51, 49, 51, 109
Babylonian rabbis 109
Babylonian Talmud 5
Bacchides 21
banditry, bandits 41–42, 42n10, 49
Bar Kokhba revolt 3–4, 128, 141n51, 142n58
Barbagia 42
Barcallipus son of Aggaeus 65, 65n163
Barichius (Jewish soldier?) 71, 71n193
Barsimsus Callisthenis (Jewish soldier) 75
Basil of Caesarea (in Cappadocia) 124
Batanaea, Bashan (Déraa) 45–46, 47n48, 48, 48n49, 50–51, 50n56, 51n67, 53
Batavi 158n39, 159–160, 160n48
Bathyra, Bathyran/s 48–49, 54
Beirut 50n58
Bellius Natalis 74
bellum alexandrinum 34
Benjamin (centenarius) 101, 103, 117
Besara 65
Beth Horon 54
Beth Sheʿarim 65, 67–68, 67n167, 67n170, 68n179, 127
Bethlehem 123
Bir el-Malik 61, 64n152
Bithynia 99
Bononia (Vidin) 110–111
Bosphorus 35
Bostra 71–72
brigandage, brigands see banditry, bandits
Bructeri 158n39
Byzantine Empire 125
Byzantine troops 125n112
Caecilius Bassus 30
Caesar (Julius) 19, 27, 27n12, 27n14, 28n18, 29–30, 34–36, 34n68, 35n72, 35n73, 38, 90, 129
Caesarea (in Cappadocia) 124
Caesarea Maritima 75, 94n330
Caesarea, Caesarean/s 34, 45, 75n211
Caius (adopted son of Augustus) 43
Caligula (emperor) 45–46
Callisthenes of Caesarea 75
Cambyses 9
Canatheni 27n9
Canusius Praenestinus, Quintus 75
Capernaum 5
capitatio 115
Cappadocia 18, 50, 85, 99, 124
Caracalla (emperor) 97
Carnuntum 77
Caspian Sea 10
Cassius Dio (historian) 30n36, 30n39, 41n9, 42n20, 44, 45n34, 93–94, 93n327, 130, 137–138, 138n33
Cassius Longinus 30
castellum (φρούριον) 110
Castricius (grammateus) 80, 80n241, 80n242
catacomb/s 59, 65, 67n169, 67n170, 76, 78–80, 80n242, 107–108, 127, 146–152, 146n3, 148n9, 149n10, 149n11, 150n19, 151n26
causas agere 122
cavalry alae see alae (ἴλαι)
cavalry, cavalrymen 8, 15–16, 27, 30n37, 32, 48n49, 52–53, 59, 116
centenerius (κεντηνάριος) 101, 102n2, 103, 117
centurio (ταξίαρχος), centuriones, centurion 1, 31, 50, 58, 61n142, 63n148, 70, 76–77, 107, 143
centurio alti ordinis (‘centurion of high rank’) 76–77
centurio primi ordinis 79
Cerealius 53
Cestius Gallus 51, 53–54
Chares (Jewish commander) 48n49, 51
Chelkias 17–18, 17n67
Chozarin 5
Christian Empire 7, 110–126, 131
Christian identity 79n234
Christian legislation 115, 125
Christian soldier/s 85, 130
Christian/s, Christianity 1, 58, 67n167, 79, 79n234, 85, 94n331, 99, 107–115, 118–119, 119n87, 122–125, 130–131, 146–147, 149, 151–152, 151n21, 155n10
Christianisation 118
Chronicles of Chaldaean Kings 135
Cicero 27n14
Cilicia, Cilician/s 47, 93, 99
Circesium 99
circumcision 12, 12n29, 128, 134n9, 144
citizens, citizenship 3, 14, 18–20, 26–27, 29, 31n46, 32–35, 37, 42–43, 53, 55, 58–59, 58n121, 62, 64–65, 69, 73–75, 73n201, 73n204, 89, 92n320, 93n324, 98, 114, 114n68, 130, 157
Civil Wars 28, 37
civis Romanus, cives Romani see citizens, citizenship
civitas Romana 89n302
Claudius (emperor) 37, 44–46
Claudius Rutilius Namatianus see Rutilius Namatianus
Cleopatra II 17
Cleopatra III 17–18
cleruchy 16
Codex Theodosianus 5, 37n85, 82n248, 103n10, 104n11, 111n57, 120n93, 121–121n97, 123, 130n13
Coele-Syria 18
cognomen, cognomina 60–61, 67n167, 77–78, 88n297
Cohors Augusta 51
Cohors I Ascalonitanorum equitata 65
Cohors I Augusta Ituraeorum 31n44
Cohors I Epireorum 106
Cohors I Lepidiana equitata 61, 62n146, 63
Cohors I milliaria Emesenorum sagittariorum equitata c. R. 157
Cohors I Sebatenorum 32n51
Cohors I Vindelicorum 75
Cohors II, III, IV, V, VI, VII Ituraeorum 31n44
Cohors milliaria Hemesenorum 82–83
Cohors VIII praetoria 82n256
Cohort of Samatitans 54n90
cohortes uoluntariorum ciuium Romanorum 43
cohorts, cohortes (σπεῖραι) 26–27, 31–32, 51, 53, 54n90, 62n146, 65n159, 72, 84, 116–117, 157
Colchi 12n29
collatio lustralis 115
colony, colonies, colonists 8–10, 9n7, 9n10, 12–15, 12n29, 19–20, 22, 22n88, 42, 47–51, 47n48, 48n49, 65, 69, 106
Commodus (emperor) 98
Concordia Sagittaria 113, 153, 155–158, 155n10, 155n12, 155n15, 158n39, 160
conscribere 43
conscriptio, conscription see recruitment
Constantine (emperor) 104, 159
Constantius II (emperor) 111–112
Constitutio Antoniniana 98
Constitutiones Sirmondianae 122
contubernia 91
Cornelius Dexter see Dexter
Cornelius Dolabella see Dolabella
Cornelius Scipio 74
Cornelius Simon, Lucius (veteran Jewish soldier?) 75, 75n211
Cos (island) 37
Cosmius (Jewish officer) 80–82, 97
Crassus see Licinius Crassus
cubiculo delle palme (‘Palm Tree Room’) 147
cultural assimilation see assimilation
curiosus, curiosi see agens, agentes in rebus
Cyprian of Toulon 125n12
Cyprus 18, 37
Cyrenaica 13, 37, 90
Cyrene (Lybia) 22, 23n88, 37, 44n28
Cyzicus 30
D(is) M(anibus) 127
Dacia 31n44, 75, 99, 110–111
Dalmatia 157
Dama (Jewish name) 75n209
Dama Surus Garasenus 75
Damascus, Damasceni 23–24, 27n9, 30n33, 35
Danube (river) 80, 83, 83n266, 110–111
Darius 9, 53
decurion (δεκαδάρχης) 54, 54n96, 59, 61
defensive war 28, 136, 137n27, 139–140, 139n37, 140n44, 140n46, 142n58
defensor civitatis 122
deicide people 130
Delos 33
Demetrius I Soter 21
Demetrius II Nicator 21n84
Dexter 50
Diaspora 5, 5n25, 6n35, 22–23n88, 24n97, 36–37, 40, 43–44n28, 44, 48n51, 56n105, 58n124, 59n125, 74–84, 78n229, 83n267, 93n324, 107–109, 128, 128n5, 130, 150
dignitates 123
dilectus 27, 37, 43
Diocletian (emperor) 114, 114n68, 116
Diodorus Siculus 12, 12n29, 27n12
Diomedes son of Chares 48n49
Dios 72
diploma/s, diplomae 28, 65, 74–75, 75n208, 89n302, 130
Dolabella (Publius Cornelius Dolabella) 34, 36n83, 133
Domitius Corbulo 65n159, 91
Dora/Dor 37, 61
Dortucum 111
Dosarion son of Jesous 73
Dositheos 17
Dura-Europos 68, 84–88
Durostorum (Silistra) 110
Dux Aegypti Syrianus see Syrianus (dux Aegypti)
Dux Armeniae 50
Dyonisias 107, 119
Eben-Ezer (battle) 87
Edfu 7n40, 70, 70n188, 73, 144
Egypt, egyptian/s 1, 7–10, 7n40, 9n6, 9n9, 12, 12n29, 13–14, 13n36, 16–19, 22, 23n90, 29–30, 31n44, 34, 37, 40, 41n6, 55–56, 61, 62n146, 63, 69–74, 69n180, 70n186, 73n199, 73n200, 73n201, 73n204, 78n229, 90, 92–93, 99, 101n4, 106–107, 112–114, 119, 139, 144, 157
Egyptian papyri see papyrus documents
Egyptian rebels see rebel/s
Eithae 51
elder/s 5, 78, 78n225, 86, 141
Eleazar (Jewish High Priest) 14
Eleazar (Jewish name) 82n256
Eleazar son of Nikolaos 16
Elephantine 8–10, 9n7, 9n10
Eleutheropolis see Maresha
Eliezer ben Hyrcanus (Rabbi) 47
Emesa (Homs) 47, 82–83, 155–157, 156n21
Ephesus 32–33, 37, 44n28
Epígonoi 14
epistrategus 92
Epitome de Caesaribus 159–160
Equites promoti indigenae et Syna Iudaeorum 106n20
Eretz Israel see Israel (land of)
Erytraean Sea 11
Essenes 142n58
Ethiopian/s 8
ethnarch (ἐθνάρχης) 29, 34, 45
ethnos, éthnos 15, 59n126
ethrog 148n8
Euphrates (river) 30n37, 65n159
Eusebius (Jewish agens in rebus) 102–103
Eusebius (presbeutés) 102–103
Eusebius of Caesarea 94n330, 155
Eusebius, Flavius (primipilaris) 104
exemption 2, 7, 26–40, 33n64, 37n85, 38n96, 44, 89, 96, 115, 129–131, 142, 149
externae gentes/nationes 26–27
Ezra 135
Fayyum 4, 16, 71, 71n195, 73, 106–107, 119
First Jewish war 3, 38, 51–52, 54, 56, 63–64, 75n211, 92, 92n324, 128, 130, 142n58
fiscus Iudaicus 7n40, 70, 70n186, 144
Flavia Optata 153–160
Flavius Abinnaeus (praepositus) 107
Flavius Abraham (actuarius) son of Stercorius 107
Flavius Abraham (centurion) son of Pamet 107
Flavius Bes Nikon 107
Flavius Euphorbius 109
Flavius Eusebius (Jewish officer) 104
Flavius Jacob son of Isaac (drummer) 107
Flavius Josephus see Josephus
Flavius Serapion (Jewish soldier?) 107
Flavius Silvanus (Jewish soldier?) 107
Flavius Valentinianus 109
foedus aequum 28
Frontinus 27n14, 133n6
funditores 26
Gaba 47n48, 54n96, 61
Gabinius see Aulus Gabinius
Gaius Bellius Natalis see Bellius Natalis
Gaius Iulius Apollinarius see Julius Apollinarius
Gaius Marcellus 33
Galatia, Galatian/s 20n78, 99
Galaunitis 51n67
Galba 74
Galilee 29, 45–46, 52, 54–56, 54n96, 65, 94, 97
Gallus (centurion) 58, 61n142
Gamala 54, 56
Gaul 45–46, 90, 157, 159
Gaulanitis 46
genius 4, 4n16, 95, 95n341
Germania, German/s 31n44, 99, 157
Germanius Valens (Jewish soldier) 82
Germanus (Germanos) son of Isak the Palmyrene 66–67
Germanus son of Joudah 4n20
Germanus/Germanius 82n255
gerousiarch 5
Geta (emperor) 97
gladiator/s 30, 67n172, 68, 114
gladius 87
Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo see Domitius Corbulo
Godworshippers 58
Gog 108
Golan 50, 54
Gomer 60
Gordian III (emperor) 99, 99n357
grammateus (‘scribe’) 80, 80n241
Gratus (commander) 32, 60
Greece 90
Greek (language) 3–4, 8, 38, 56n104, 57–58, 64n155, 65–66, 67n170, 69n181, 70, 78–79, 84, 85n281, 101, 103, 108–109, 147
Greek armies 10
Greek names 6, 10n17, 16, 16n55, 58–59, 64n155, 65, 73, 78n226, 88n297, 97, 110, 127
Greeks 12, 19, 19n76, 25n98, 35n76, 38, 38n96, 73n204, 92, 92n324, 134
Hadrian (emperor) 50, 89, 130, 154n21
Halakhah 137, 139–140, 139n37, 139n40
Halicarnassus 37
Ḥanan (Hebrew name) 51n66, 70
Hanan son of Tahlifa 108
Ḥanani 70
Ḥananiah 15, 70
Ḥanina 70
Hasidaean/s see Ḥasidim
Ḥasidim 135
Hasmonean/s 18, 21, 28, 31n46, 34, 90, 137n28
Hassidim 24
Hatra 68
Hauran see Auranitis
Hebrew 5, 5n27, 8, 9n10, 15–16, 78, 87–88, 99, 101, 108–109
Hebrew Bible 8, 9n10, 87–88, 134
Hebrew names 15–16, 16n55, 51n66, 58, 70–71
Hecataeus of Abdera 11
Heliopolis, Heliopolite nome 17–18, 17n67
Hellenised Jews 4, 64
Heracleopolis 15n48
Herakleopolites see Phebichis
Herod Antipas see Antipas
Herod of Chalcis 46
Herod son of Aumos 48n49, 50n56
Herod the Great 19, 30–31, 30n37, 35, 35n77, 45–49, 47n48, 48n51, 56n105, 59–60, 64–65, 127, 129
Herodian (historian) 94
Herodian army 31–32, 51, 54, 58n121, 59, 61, 64
Herodian/s 30–31, 45–47, 59, 62, 64n154, 90
Heron (Jewish soldier) 106–107
Heruli 158n39
Heshbon 47n48
Hieromenia 134n7
hipparch 53
Hispello 75
Historia Augusta 94, 94n329, 99, 99n357, 130
honesta missio 28, 65, 74n208, 130
Honorius (emperor) 120–123
Horvat Tel ‘Eitun 67–68
Hypaipa 44
hypogeum, hippogea 79–80, 146, 148–152, 149n12, 150n19
Hyrcanus (Jewish High Priest) 31, 137n28
Hyrcanus II (Jewish High Priest) 19, 23–24, 29–30, 34, 34n68
Iberia 99
idolatrous 90, 97
Idumaea, Idumaean/s 29–30, 31n45, 31n46, 45, 47n48
Iesous son of Papios (Jewish soldier?) 73–74
Illyricum, Illyrian/s 42, 117
immunitas 115
independence 28, 29n22, 46, 56, 128
infantry 15, 27, 30n37, 31–32, 31n48, 48n49, 49
infantry cohorts see cohorts, cohortes (σπεῖραι)
ingenui 43
insignia 104
Intercisa (Dunaújváros-Dunapentele) 80–82, 83n260, 88n297, 157
Ionia 49
Ioppe, Joppe 45, 101
Ioudaîos, Ioudaîoi 6
Isaac 66
Isauria 99
Israel (kingdom) 8, 10, 64n155, 86, 136, 139n40, 140
Israel (land of) 5, 9, 16–17, 32n51, 65, 101, 128, 128n5, 150
Italy 26–27, 39–41, 40n3, 78n229, 90n308, 110, 113, 121, 146, 156
Itinerarium Antonini see Antonine Itinerary
Ituraei, Ituraeans 27n9, 31, 31n44
Iulianus son of Longinus 72
Iulius Agrippa Apamma 75
Iulius Quartus (or Quintus), Caius 76
Iulius Sabinus see Sabinus
ius Latini Iuliani 42
ius militandi 122n98
Iustus of Tiberias 52
Jacimus, Jakimos (son of Zamaris) 49, 53, 62
Jacob 64n155
Jaffa (Israel) 70n187, 101–102
Jamnia 45
Jebel al-ʿArab 50, 65
Jehoiakim 9n7
Jericho 141
Jerome 123–124, 123n103, 155, 155n18
Jerusalem 2, 9, 11, 13–14, 13n37, 17–18, 29, 45, 49, 51–55, 57n113, 76, 91, 134–135, 137–138, 140n43, 142n58
Jerusalem Talmud 5, 144
Jesus (Babatha’s son) 59
Jesus called Justus 59
Jewish and Samaritan war (194 CE) 94
Jewish Christian/s 79, 79n234
Jewish Civil War 38, 56–57, 128–129
Jewish dietary laws 6, 24, 91–92, 133
Jewish identity 6, 16, 24, 51, 57–61, 70, 83, 88, 91, 93, 107, 114, 127–128, 134, 134n9
Jewish Law 3, 5–6, 20, 24, 24n96–97, 25, 34–35, 38, 44, 47, 96, 128n8, 134, 137, 140n44, 145
Jewish mercenaries see mercenaries
Jewish military colonies see colony, colonies, colonists
Jewish mother/s 5, 72, 80n242, 106–107, 116, 153
Jewish orthodoxy 2
Jewish privileges see privilege/s
Jewish rebels see rebel/s
Jewish revolt in Egypt (115–117 CE) 70, 70n188, 130
Jewish revolt see First Jewish war
Jewish rites see religious rites
Jewish Royal Army see Royal Army
Jewish tax see fiscus Iudaicus
Jewish treasures 109
John Hyrcanus see Hyrcanus
Jonathan (Jewish High Priest) 21, 21n84
Joppe see Ioppe
Josephus 1, 11–13, 11n22, 11n23, 11n26, 12n28, 12n32, 13n34, 13n37, 16–18, 17n62, 17n63, 17n64, 17n65, 17n66, 18n68, 18n70, 18n71, 18n72, 19n73, 19n74, 19n77, 20–24, 20n81, 21n84, 22n85, 22n86, 22n87, 23n88, 23n90, 23n93, 24n97, 28n18, 28n21, 29, 29n27, 29n29, 29n31, 30n33, 30n35, 30n36, 30n37, 30n39, 30n41, 31–33, 31n42, 31n44, 31n45, 31n46, 31n49, 31n50, 31n51, 32n51, 32n52, 32n53, 32n56, 33n60, 33n61, 33n62, 34n68, 34n69, 34n70, 34n71, 35–38, 35n72, 35n73, 35n76, 35n77, 36n79, 36n80, 36n81, 37n85, 37n89, 37n91, 38n93, 38n95, 40, 41n6, 42n17, 44, 45n36, 46n37, 46n38, 46n40, 46n41, 46n42, 47n47, 47n48, 48–55, 48n51, 48n52, 49n53, 49n55, 50n56, 50n57, 51n66, 51n70, 52n71, 52n72, 52n73, 52n74, 52n76, 52n77, 52n78, 52n79, 52n80, 53n81, 53n82, 53n84, 53n87, 54n89, 54n90, 54n91, 54n92, 54n94, 54n95, 54n96, 54n97, 55n98, 55n99, 55n101, 55n102, 55n103, 56n104, 56n105, 56n106, 56n111, 57–58, 57n113, 57n115, 57n116, 58n119, 59n128, 59n129, 59n130, 60–62, 60n132, 60n133, 60n135, 60n136, 60n137, 61n139, 61n142, 62n146, 69, 69n180, 69n181, 69n183, 79n233, 92, 92n315, 92n319, 92n321, 92n322, 92n323, 92n324, 96, 96n343, 96n345, 97n345, 106, 106n20, 125n112, 133n1, 133n2, 133n3, 133n4, 134–141, 134n8, 135n13, 135n14, 135n17, 137n24, 137n25, 137n26, 137n27, 137n28, 137n29, 138n34, 139n37, 140n43, 140n44, 140n46, 141n47, 141n48, 142n56, 142n58, 143–144, 144n67, 144n71
Josepos 4, 95, 95n340
Joses (Jewish officer and archisynagogus) 83, 84n271
Judaea 9, 19, 21, 28–30, 28n22, 34, 35n72, 37, 38n95, 45–48, 48n51, 51, 85, 89–90, 92, 99
Judaean/s 4–5, 13–14, 22n87, 31n46, 44n28, 138n33
Judah (Babatha’s husband) 4, 5n23
Judah (kingdom) 8
Julia (sister of Iulius Apollinarius) 72
Julia Alexandra 76
Julia Domna 97
Julia Mamaea 80–81
Julian (emperor) 99n357, 119n88, 159
Julianus (palatinus) 67n170
Julio-Claudian Dynasty 39
Julius Alexander see Tiberius Julius Alexander
Julius Apollinarius (Jewish soldier?) 71–72
Julius Caesar see Caesar (Julius)
Julius Terentius 86
Jupiter Dolichenus 84n274
Justin (Byzantine emperor) 125
Justinian (Byzantine emperor) 1, 110–111, 125
Kaabah of Zoroaster see Kaʿab-Ye Zardošt
Kaʿab-Ye Zardošt 85, 85n282
Karanis 71, 71n195, 73
kashrut see Jewish dietary laws
Kasyon (Kitzion or Qasioun) 97
kátoikoi 13–14, 18
ketubbah 4, 4n23
klēroi 14
kôkh, kôkhim 67, 147, 149–150, 150n15, 152
Komaïse see Salome Komaïse
kosher food see Jewish dietary laws
Lagus see Ptolemy Lagus
Land of Onias see Onias IV
Laodicea 37
laographía tax (λαογραφία) 73, 73n204
Latin (language) 57–58, 69n181, 70, 77–78, 78n229, 83, 97, 99, 108, 110, 117, 128, 158, 158n39
Latin names 6, 32, 58–61, 88n297, 110, 127
Law see Jewish Law
Legio I Adiutrix (Classica Pia Fidelis Constans) 74, 75n210
Legio II Adiutrix (Pia Fidelis Constans Pannonica) 75n210, 76, 82
Legio III Cyrenaica 60n138, 72
Legio IV Flavia Felix 76
Legio IV Scythica 143
Legio V Macedonica 83, 109
Lentulus Crus 32–34, 33n64, 36n83
Leontius 67n167, 67n170
Leontopolis (Tell el-Yehudieh) 17, 142
Letter of Aristeas see Aristeas
Libanius 103n8
libation/s 114, 114n68
libertini milites 43
libertinum genus 41, 43
Libya 13n34, 22
Licinius Crassus, Marcus 29
licita religio 119, 130
limes 117
Livy 26, 26n2, 26n4, 27n12, 27n14
local militias 40n1
loculus, loculi see kôkh, kôkhim
Longinus Barbarus 72
Lorium (La Bottaccia) 151n26
Lucifer of Cagliari 112–113, 112n60
Lucius (adopted son of Augustus) 43
Lucius Aiacius Dama see Aiacius Dama
Lucius Antonius 33
Lucius Aurelianus (magistrianus) 103n6
lulav 101–102, 127, 150, 154, 155n10
Lusius Sparsus, Gaius 75
Lycia 99
Lyconia 99
Lydia, Lydian/s 20, 19n76, 20n79
Lysanias (Abila) see tetrarchy of Lisanias
Lysimachus see Alexander Lysimachus
Maccabean revolt 21, 136–137
Maccabean State 28
Maccabees 21, 135n14
Macedonia, Macedonian/s 15, 19, 19n76, 20n78, 101n4
Maecia Sabbatis 76
Maecius Archon, Lucius (Jewish centurion?) 76–79
Maecius Victorinus, Lucius 76
Magassarus 52
Magdolum (Tell el-Herr) 106
magister officiorum 103
Magna Carta 36
Magnentius (usurper) 111
Magog 108
Malochus (Jewish soldier?) 71
Maoza 3
Marcian (Byzantine emperor) 125
Marcomannic War 83n260
Marcus Aurelius (emperor) 83n260, 93
Marcus son of Dama 75n209
Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa see Agrippa
Maresha/Eleutheropolis 67
Mariamme 52
Marian reforms 33
Mark Antony see Antony (Marcus Antonius)
Mattathias 137, 139
Matthaius son of Polaius (veteran Jewish soldier) 74–75
Mauretania 32n51, 99
Maximian (emperor) 114n68
Melitene 50
Memnon 27n14
Memphis 10
menorah 68n179, 109, 127, 148n8, 149
mercenaries 8, 12–13, 13n38, 14–15, 20n79, 23n90, 26, 90, 108, 137n28, 142
Mercury 146
Meroth (Galilee) 104
Meshullam 11
Mesopotamia 20, 29n24, 84
Messianic era 108–109, 133n3
Metilius 54
Midrash (exposition), midrashic sources 115, 117, 129n8
Midrash Aboda Zara 11n21
Midrash Genesis Rabbah 89, 89n299, 116, 116n76
Midrash Tanḥuma (= Yelammedenu) 47n45
Miletus 37
military colonies see colony, colonies, colonists
military exclusion 7, 118–126, 122n99, 125n113, 131
military exemption see exemption
military life 23, 23n90, 86, 91, 95, 98, 129, 133, 142, 142n56
militia 91, 120, 122
militia armata 7, 40n1, 95, 95n339, 118, 120, 125n112, 130
militia Christi 118n86
Minerva 75
Minucius Thermus (Lucius) 17
Misenum 75, 75n210
Mishnah 4n23, 5–6, 133n3, 133n4, 140n43, 144n71, 150
Mithras, mithraeum, Mithraism, Mithraist/s 84, 84n174, 97–98
Mithridates 30
Mithridatic Wars 29–30
Mityavnim 20n78, 21, 25
Mocur (father of Aurelius Malchias) 82
Modius Aequus 54, 60
Modius Priscus 60n138
Moesia 63n150, 76, 83, 83n266, 99, 109–111, 109n42
Monteverde catacombs 76, 78, 150n19, 151n26
Mosaic Law see Jewish Law
Moses, Moyse (soldier) 106–107
mother of the synagogue 5
Mucius Clemens 61–64, 64n154
Mysian/s 19n76
Nabataea, Nabataean/s 3, 46, 69n180
Nabataean territory 3
Naḥal Ḥever 3
Naples 125n112
Naqsh-e Rustam 99
nationalism, nationalists 56
Nazareth 54, 76
Nebuchadnezzar 135
Necho II 9n7
Nehemiah 135
Nepherites I (pharaoh) 10
Nero (emperor) 46, 91
New Testament 59
Nicholas of Damascus 23–24, 30n33, 35
Niger 94, 130
Nile (river) 8, 12, 69, 70n187, 101
nimorah see numerous, numerus, numeri
Nimrud 8
nomina singula 67
Norica 99
normative Judaism 2–3, 128
Notitia Dignitatum 106, 106n20, 156, 160
Novae (near Svishtov) 110
numerous, numerus, numeri 27n11, 33, 107, 117, 153, 156, 156n21, 158n39, 159
numerus Batavorum seniorum 160
numerus Emesenorum Iudaeorum (hypothetical) 157
numerus militum Iudaeorum 113
Octavius Augustus see Augustus (emperor)
Oescus (Gigen) 83, 109–110
offensive war 28, 137n28, 139–141
Omri 60
Onias IV 15, 15n51, 17, 17n62, 18, 69, 106
Osrhoene 106n20
pagan, paganism 6, 11, 11n21, 31n46, 67n167, 78, 86, 91–92, 95, 96n343, 98, 118–119, 119n87, 119n88, 121n97, 122, 125, 127, 129–130, 133, 144, 146, 146n2, 149, 149n12, 151n24, 152
palatini militiae 120
Palestine 4n16, 5–6, 17–18, 46, 49, 57n113, 58n124, 76, 83n267, 94, 148–149
palm branch, palm tree 83n267, 127, 147–150, 150n20, 151, 151n21, 155n10
palm of Palestine 148
Palmyra, Palmyrene/s 66–67, 67n170, 69n179, 84, 85n277, 143, 156
Pamet 107
Pamphylia 99
Pannonia, Pannonian/s 31n44, 63n150, 80, 80n244, 83, 111
Papios 73
Papirius Aequus 60n138
papyrus documents 1, 3–4, 6, 9, 9n9, 10n17, 14–16, 31n48, 69–71, 73–74, 78, 78n229, 95, 107
Paregorius 67n170
Paros 37
Parthia, Parthian/s 23, 29, 29n24, 46–47, 65n159, 86n281, 91
Passover 9
patronus 105
Paul (Saul) of Tarsus 58–59, 58n121, 59n127
peculium castrense 115n72
Pelusium 19, 29, 69n180, 142, 142n56
Pentecost 23
Peraea 29, 45–46
peregrini 27
Pergamon, Pergamum 28n20, 30, 37
Persia, Persian/s 9–10, 9n10, 9n10, 12, 14–15, 19n76, 85n281, 99–100, 125, 135
Pesach see Passover
Pescenius Niger see Niger
Pesouris son of Jason 73
Pharsalia (battle) 29
Phasaelis 45
Phebichis 15
Philadelphia 106
Philae 107
Philip (son of Herod the Great) 45–46
Philip (son of Jacimus) 49, 51, 53–54, 62
Philo of Alexandria 41n6, 41n7, 42, 42n16, 56, 79n233, 90–91, 129n11, 139–140, 139n39, 139n41, 143–144, 143n66, 144n71
Phoenice 61
phroúrarchos 10
Phrygia, Phrygian/s 19n76, 20, 20n79, 22n88, 99
phylactery 84n273
plebs uernacula 42
Plutarch 26n1, 29n30, 30, 30n36, 30n37, 30n39, 133, 133n7
Polaius 74
Polemon of Cilicia 47
políteumata 15, 15n48
Polybius 26n1, 31n48
Pompeii 68
Pompey (Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus) 29, 42, 90, 119, 129, 138–139, 138n33, 140n43
potamophylacia (river guarding) 69n181
praefectus 45, 63
praefectus Aegypti 63
praefectus alae 91
praefectus castrorum 61–62, 62n146, 63n148, 64
praefectus cohortis 91
praefectus praetorio 120–121
praepositus 107
praepositus stationis 80, 157
presbyter/s 5
principal/s, principalis, principales 4n21, 5, 71, 83, 84n271
principes iuuentutis 43
privilege/s 7, 19–20, 23, 32–38, 35n73, 44, 90, 97, 105, 115n72, 120, 124, 129–131, 142
Procopius of Caesarea 110, 110n44, 110n49, 125n112
procurator/s 38n95, 49
propaganda 85, 99
Psammetichus II 8
Pseudo-Joshua the Stylite 125
Pseudo-Philo 128n8
Ptolemaic army 13–19, 23n92, 69, 90, 142
Ptolemies 8, 10, 13–15, 13n34, 13n37, 13n38, 15n48, 16–19, 22, 23n88, 23n90, 29, 31n48, 69, 90, 134–136, 135n14
Ptolemy I Soter 22, 134–136
Ptolemy II Philadelphus 14, 22
Ptolemy III Euergetes 14
Ptolemy IX Lathyrus 17–18, 135n14
Ptolemy Lagus 13, 13n34, 13n37, 22, 23n88
Ptolemy VI Philometor 17
Ptolemy VII Philopator 17
Ptolemy VIII Physcon Euergetes II 17
Ptolemy X Alexander 17–18
Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos 29
Publius Cornelius Scipio see Cornelius Scipio
Quintus Didius 30
Rabbi Elazar beRabbi Shimeon 116
Rabbi Eliezer ben Hyrcanus see Eliezer ben Hyrcanus
Rabbi Immi 117
Rabbi Joshua 89
Rabbi Mana 117
Rabbi Paregorius see Paregorius
rabbinic chronology 108n36
rabbinic Judaism 2–7, 3n11, 4–5n23, 6n34–35, 24, 24n97, 47, 89, 108, 114, 117, 128–129, 141
rabbinic literature 1, 5, 59, 89, 94, 117, 128, 128n5, 128–129n8
rabbinical schools 3, 6
rabbinisation 6
rabbinisim see rabbinic Judaism
Rabbis 3, 5–6, 5n27, 109, 129n10, 141n51
Raetia 99
Rameses II 8
Ratiaria (Arčar) 110
Rav Josef 108
Rav Sherira Gaon 108n36
Ravenna 75n210, 78n229, 121
rebel/s 9, 25, 51–55, 60, 94n331, 124, 137
recruitment 1, 8, 11–12, 20n78, 21, 26–30, 28n18, 33–34, 36, 38n95, 40–46, 65, 75n210, 116–117, 145n75
Regii Emeseni Iudaei (hypothetical) 113, 153, 155–157, 160
Regii military unit 156–157, 159–160, 159n47, 160n48
Reginus 108
relegatio 42
religious rites 33–34, 40, 84, 90–91, 95, 114, 128, 235n10
Remesiana (Byala Palanka) 110
renegade/s see apostate/s
Res Gestae Divi Saporis 99
restitutio natalium 42
revolutionaries 57n113, 60, 92
Roman citizenship see citizens, citizenship
Roman procurators see procurators
Roman rites 84 and see religious rites
Roman tolerance see tolerance
Romanization 51, 58
Rome (city) 5, 5n27, 27, 39–40, 40n3, 42, 44–45, 58–59, 59n125, 67n167, 74–75, 77–79, 78n229, 79n233, 99, 107–109, 120, 127, 128n8, 146, 148n8, 149–151, 151n25
Royal Army 53–56, 59–62
Royal Cavalry 59
Royal Emesene Jews 153, 154
Rufinus 79–80, 108, 146–152
Rufus (commander) 32, 59, 61
Rutilius Namatianus 119
Sabbath 2, 6, 7n40, 9, 23–24, 23n90, 34, 72, 78, 79n234, 91–92, 92n323, 128–129, 133–145, 137n27
Sabbathaios 72
sabbatical year 141n51
Sabinus 72
sacramentum militiae (aoth) 41, 43, 95, 95n339, 118, 118n86
sacrifice/s 34, 48, 84, 92, 95–96, 118, 119n87, 133n3, 135–136
Safed 97
Salome (sister of Herod the Great) 45
Salome Komaïse 3–4
Salona 155n12
Samareia 16
Samaria, Samaritan/s 8–9, 12, 32, 45, 47n48, 54n90, 58, 94, 94n331, 107, 120, 125
Sambathaios 72
Sambathaios son of Simon 73
Sambathion 72–73
Samosata (Samsat) 30n37, 65
Sanbatio 109
Sapor I 99
Sarapias 72
Sardinia 40–42, 41n6, 42n10, 43n22, 43n23, 44–45, 130
Sardis 33, 37, 44n28, 103n6, 104
Sarmatian/s 99
Sasanian Epire 84–85
Satala 50
Saturday see Sabbath
Saturn 138
Saturninus (signifer) 72
schola agent(i)um in rebus 104, 113n62, 130
Scriptores Historiae Augustae see Historia Augusta
Scythopolis 52, 92n324
Sebasteni 27n9, 31, 32n51
Second Jewish war see Bar Kokhba revolt
Sejanus 41n7, 44, 129n11
Seleucid army 21, 23n92, 136, 142
Seleucid kingdom see Seleucid/s
Seleucid/s 19–21, 28, 29n22, 90, 137, 142
Seleucus I Nicator 19
senatus consultum 27, 35, 35n73, 41, 41n7, 44
Seneca 39n99, 77, 77n218
Senior (Jewish name) 78, 78n225
Sepphoris 52, 117
Septimius Severus (emperor) 94, 97
Servius Galba see Galba
Servius Honoratus 96, 96n342
Severus Alexander (emperor) 80–81, 157
Shalmaneser 8
Shammai the Elder 141
Shawa son of Zekhariah 10
shofar 127
Sicily 58
Sidonians 34n68
signum, signa 67n167
Silas the Babylonian 51
Simeon bar Kokhba see Bar Kokhba revolt
Simon (second son of Jacob) 64n155
Simon ben Ananias 53
Simonias 54, 61
Simonides 62, 64
Singidunum (Belgrade) 76, 110
Smyrna 37
Sobtais son of Aulaios 73
socii 26
socius et amicus populi Romani 28
Solomon 86
Soteles son of Josepos 4, 95, 95n340
Spartianus 94
spatha, spathae 87
statio, stationes 80, 82, 82n248, 101, 110–111, 110n48
Statius Priscus 75
Strabo 11n21, 17–18, 23n88, 29–30, 31n42, 69n180, 138n33
Strasbourg see Argentorate
strategos, strategós (στρατηγός) 17n67, 48n49, 50n56, 53, 60, 65
Suetonius (historian) 40, 41n6, 42n9, 42n20, 43
Sukkot 150
Sulla (Lucius Cornelius Sulla) 23n88, 55, 60
Sulpicius Severus (Christian author) 118–119, 118n83
Sunday 79n234
supplementum (supplement) 43, 46–47
Syene 9–10, 70n187, 101, 107
symmachía (συμμαχία) 12
synagogue/s 5–6, 6n34, 7, 81, 85–88, 85n280, 86n284, 97, 100, 104–105, 143, 157
synodoi see association/s
Syria, Syrian/s 18–20, 29–30, 29n24, 34, 37, 45–46, 48, 53–54, 57–58, 61, 62n146, 65, 65n159, 71, 74, 75n209, 76, 82–85, 90, 93, 99, 109, 153, 155–156
Syrian identity 57, 82–83
Syrianus (dux Aegypti) 7, 112–113, 112n59, 157
Tabula Peutingeriana 110, 110n50, 111n51
Tacitus (historian) 40–43, 40n3, 40n5, 41n6, 42n17, 47n44, 55n101, 79n133, 90n308, 138n30
taktómisthos (τακτόμισθος) 15–16
Talmudic literature 2, 2n9, 5–7, 5n27, 75n209, 144–145
Tautomedes 111
Tell el-Herr see Magdolum
Tell el-Yehudieh see Leontopolis
Tella 125
temple of Apollo 45
temple of Artemis Azzanathkona in Dura-Europos 84
temple of Bel in Babylon 11
temple of Bel in Dura-Europos 84, 86
Temple of Jerusalem 2, 6, 46, 53, 56n106, 60, 124, 129n10, 138, 141
temple of Onias see Onias IV
Ten Commandments 87, 134, 141, 145
tetrarchy of Herod Antipas 46
tetrarchy of Lysanias 46
tetrarchy of Philip 46
Thanum son of Simon 101, 103
Theadelphia 73, 73n199
Thebaid 12, 92
Thedesis 73
Thekoa 53
Theodoret of Cyrus 124, 124n108
Theodosian Code see Codex Theodosianus
Theodosius the Great 124
Theodosius II (emperor) 122
Theonas (church of Alexandria) 111–114, 157
Thermauthos 70
Thrace 99
Tiberias 52, 140n46
Tiberius (emperor) 39–40, 41n7, 43–44, 130
Tiberius Claudius 61–62
Tiberius Julius Alexander 55–56, 56n105, 56n106, 60n138, 61–63, 62n146, 90–91
Titus (emperor) 38, 53, 55, 56n106, 62, 91, 119, 124
Titus Ampius Balbus see Ampius Balbus
Titus Mucius Clemens see Mucius Clemens
Tivon 65
Tlous (mather of Flavius Jacob) 107
tolerance 33n64, 119n87, 144
Tosefta 5, 133n4, 141n49, 141n54
Toubias in Transjordania 15–16
Trachonitis 31n45, 45–46, 47n48, 48–50, 53
traditio clavium 149, 151
Trajan (emperor) 7n40, 50–51, 65, 70, 72, 95n340, 144
Tralles 37
Transjordania 15–16
Trebonius, Caius (Roman legate) 34
tres militiae 91
tria nomina 59, 65
tribes of Israel 64n155
tribunus angusticlavius 91
tribunus militum (χιλίαρχος) 31
Turkey 65, 101n4
týche 3–4, 4n16
Tyrian/s 99
Ulpian (jurist) 82n248, 83, 98, 98n353
Valens (emperor) 111
Valentinian I (emperor) 111
Valentinian III (emperor) 122
Varro 26, 26n2
Varus (Publius Quintilius Varus) 46
Vegetius 110, 110n46, 116, 116n77
Venosa 5n27, 146, 146n3, 148n8, 151n25
Versinius Aper, Licius 75
Vespasian (emperor) 7n40, 52, 56, 92, 138, 144
vexation/s 36
vexillatio, vexillationes 76
vexillum, vexilla 86
Via Appia Piganatelli catacomb (Rome) 79, 146–152, 148n9, 149n10, 150n19, 152n27
Via Latina catacomb 149
vicarius (substitute) 89, 128n6
Victoria 146
Vicus Iudaeorum 106
Vidranga 9
Vienne 45
vigiles 43
Vigna Randanini catacomb (Rome) 79–80, 107, 127, 146–147, 148n8, 150–152, 151n26
Villa Torlonia catacomb (Rome) 151, 151n26
Viminacium (Kostolac) 110
Vipsanius Agrippa see Agrippa
Vita Severi 94
Vitellius, Lucius (governor of Syria) 47, 47n47
Volumnius 31, 59, 61
Waidrang see Vidranga
War of Liberation 56, 128
Xyste of Jerusalem 140
Yahô 9
Yahweh 96
Yelammedenu see Midrash Tanḥuma
Yislah 10
youth-organizations 43, 44n28
Yudan son of Shimon (Jewish soldier) 104–105
Zacharias of Mytilene 125
Zacharias Scholasticus see Zacharias of Mytilene
Zacharias Rhetor see Zacharias of Mytilene
Zamaris 7, 47n48, 48–51, 54, 64–65
Zealot/s 52
Zedekiah 8
Zeuxis 20
Zion 135
Zosimus (historian) 98, 99n355
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Series:  The Brill Reference Library of Judaism, Volume: 72
Cover Military Service and the Integration of Jews into the Roman Empire
E-Book ISBN:
9789004507258
Publisher:
Brill
Print Publication Date:
03 Feb 2022

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