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Index

Abraham Lincoln 55
Abuja 69, 347, 381, 400, 421
Acholi. 273
activist 100, 234, 235, 236
Adam Smith 23
Adaptation 199, 200, 204–208, 212, 226
adaptive capacity 5, 210, 212–215, 217, 219, 224, 225
aesthetic 96, 314
Africa i, iii, ix–xii, xiv, xv, xvii–xix, 1–5, 7, 8, 11–16, 18–22, 25–31, 33–36, 53, 56, 57, 61, 62, 64, 67, 71–85, 87–93, 102, 106, 113, 130, 142–144, 165–173, 175–179, 181, 182, 184–186, 191, 192, 200, 202, 204, 205, 207, 208, 210, 231–234, 238, 239, 241, 247, 248, 255, 258, 262, 264, 265, 267, 275, 283–289, 291, 294, 295, 302, 303, 308, 310, 316, 319, 320, 323, 324, 326–329, 331–335, 337–347, 351, 361, 364–372, 374–376, 378–382, 384– 388, 397, 400–402, 404, 405
African x, xii, xiv–xix, 2–8, 12–16, 18–26, 28–31, 33–36, 40, 41, 47, 48, 50, 52–54, 56, 61–67, 71–81, 85, 86, 88–94, 100, 106, 109, 113, 117, 144, 149–153, 155, 156, 158–186, 192, 202, 206, 207, 226, 231, 232, 235–237, 239–241, 248, 254, 256–260, 262, 264–266, 272, 274, 275, 278, 288, 289, 294, 300, 305, 308, 320, 321, 323–325, 328, 329, 332–337, 341–343, 345–347, 351, 361, 366, 369, 370, 372, 373, 375–377, 379–382, 384, 385, 388, 389, 398, 399, 401, 402, 418
African Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 15, 29
African Indigenous Knowledge Systems 166
African National Congress 64
African philosophy xiv, xvii, xviii, 6, 79, 153, 165, 167, 169, 256, 257–260, 262, 266, 324
African Union 15, 21, 29, 41
Afrobeat 94, 96, 98, 113
Afrocentricism 231, 346
A. G. A. Bello 152
Age of Enlightenment 315
Age of Reason 312, 314
Age of Renaissance 314
agrarian xiii, xix, 187, 252, 270, 291, 305, 374
agricultural xv, 7, 68, 69, 136, 193, 196–198, 222, 252, 273, 274, 290–293, 295, 296–299, 301–304, 306, 307, 368, 406
agriculture 7, 69, 200, 221, 277, 290–293, 297, 298, 306, 307, 388
AIKS 166, 167, 170, 173, 181
Ali A. Mazrui 345
Aljazeera 60, 68, 71
All Progressive Congress 64
America 31, 45, 74, 76, 156, 163, 264–266, 316, 320, 322, 324, 361, 370, 404, 409, 411, 413
American 31, 43, 55, 74, 117, 128, 129, 183, 203, 205, 206, 226, 227, 240, 242, 250, 266, 286, 287, 319, 320, 351, 380, 401, 402, 404–406, 409, 418, 421, 422
Americans 17, 117, 122, 320, 408–410
ancestors 83, 231, 284
ancient 13, 19, 263
Andre Gunder Frank 28
Angela Merkel 248
Anglo-American 46
animals 18, 106, 154, 157, 158, 160, 165, 214, 218, 315, 319, 395
Anthony Flew 258
Anthropocene 5, 187–189
anthropocentric 149, 155–157
Anthropocentric 149, 183, 185
anthropocentrism 4, 159
anthropogenic 189
anthropology ix, 32, 310, 315, 319
anti-colonial 5, 28, 231, 232, 235–238
Anti-Colonial 5, 231
apartheid 3, 46, 80–82, 89, 91, 106, 323, 359, 362
Apartheid 235, 362
Aristotle 56, 72, 260, 261
army 99, 111, 234
Army 100–102, 104, 107, 109, 110, 114
Aryan 263
Asia 23, 208, 248, 308, 320, 325, 400–402
Asians 231, 319
Asian Tigers 252, 411
Atlantic Ocean 351
Auchi 263, 266, 346, 412
Australia 191, 205, 248
Austria 300, 379, 381
authoritarianism 240, 357, 358
authority 23, 46, 69, 108, 136, 137, 191, 213, 235, 321, 335, 337
autochthonous 56, 67, 82, 340
autonomy 25, 138, 142, 144, 275, 353, 354, 359, 406
Badagry 365
Bahrain 68
Baird J. Callicott 168
bank 15, 26, 252, 282
Bantu 79, 186, 347
Barcelona 27, 351
Barrack Obama 59
barriers 22, 245, 246, 269, 270, 300, 360
Barry Barnes 259
Barry Hallen 258
beings 37, 39, 41–48, 50, 51, 155, 156, 159–161, 179, 181
Beko 106
Belgium 371
beliefs 98, 119, 243, 244, 251, 256, 328, 335, 338, 339, 343
belonging 4, 38, 40, 42, 51, 99, 116, 118, 121–123, 159, 315
belongingness 2, 38, 41, 87, 88, 102, 131, 135, 159, 160
Benin xiv, 7, 73, 364, 365, 367, 368, 370–374, 376–381, 388
Benin Republic 7, 364, 365, 367, 370–372, 374
Berlin 30, 61, 240, 326, 353, 361, 367
Bible 263, 318, 336
Bikita 5, 210, 215, 217, 218
biofuels 200
biological 104, 120, 154, 319
black 82, 89, 118, 120, 122, 232, 234, 239, 263, 267, 295, 316, 317, 319, 320, 385
Black 28, 35, 72, 73, 96, 99, 126, 127, 184, 310, 316, 320, 321, 323, 346
blackness 124
Boko Haram 380, 383, 405, 407
Bolivian 191, 206
Bolshevik Russian revolutionaries 233
Border xii, 7, 362–367, 373, 379–381, 399
Borders xii, 7, 351–353, 355, 361, 362, 379, 380, 399
Borgu 365, 368
Botha 105, 106
Botswana ix, 239, 240, 242, 271, 287
Brazil 295
Brexit 142
Britain 73, 74, 101, 305
British 19, 60–62, 72, 125, 127, 128, 234, 305, 311, 335, 339, 367, 368, 389, 398, 406
British Empire 19
brotherhood 29, 328
Budiriro 5
Buhari 58, 65, 66, 69, 135
Bulgaria 413
Buliisa District 269, 282
Bunyoro 273
Burkina Faso 371, 372, 388
Burundi 66
Bushido 237
business ix, 14, 24, 25, 29, 30, 82, 104, 122, 132, 143, 168, 178, 245, 270, 283, 284, 300, 335, 367, 377, 387, 394, 410
businesses 26, 239, 244, 335
Calabar xvii, 91, 151, 164, 183, 249
Callicott 169, 184, 186
Cameroon 184, 288, 369–371, 388
Campbell Momoh 262
CAMPFIRE 214, 226
Canada 248, 271, 295, 300, 411
Canadian 75, 150, 162, 246, 288
Canary Islands 351
Cancun 191, 208
capital 18, 20, 26, 89, 194, 210, 213, 215–217, 219, 221–226, 239, 243–246, 248, 250, 252, 253, 269–273, 285, 291–293, 296, 299, 302, 305, 307, 355, 367, 375, 384, 386, 389, 392, 394–397, 404, 411
capitalism ix, 5, 7, 16, 237, 267, 268, 270–273, 276, 284, 285, 291, 301, 306, 340
capitalist xix, 15, 237–240, 267, 269, 270, 272, 291, 303, 329
Capitalist 252
CARE International 217–219, 221, 222
categorization 118, 120–122, 125, 168
Catherine Samba–Panza 248
Catholics 119
Caucasian 258
Chad 21, 175, 288, 388
Charles Mills 323
chemical industry 294
Chicago 13, 14, 28, 30, 33, 35, 36, 72, 129, 227, 325, 410, 422
child 153, 232, 249, 250, 284, 337, 345, 359, 372, 374–378, 393
Children 198, 205, 207, 250, 366, 372, 376, 378–381, 400
Chimakonam xvii, 4, 37, 40, 41, 42, 44, 52, 53, 78, 83, 92, 149, 150, 153, 155–157, 159, 161, 162, 168, 171, 183, 257, 264–266
China 16, 50, 72, 387, 411
Chinese 19, 63
Chinua Achebe 263
Chipinge 214, 308
Cholera 198
Christian 57, 59, 63, 101, 255, 314, 335, 336
Christianity 12, 19, 119, 336, 342, 343
Christians 119
Christine Lagarde 248
church 211, 313, 335
cities 17, 20, 21, 25, 26, 30, 130, 368
citizen 8, 31, 44, 48, 63, 134, 138, 141, 247, 378
citizenry 3, 5, 101, 109, 110, 327, 333, 335
citizens 3, 21, 23, 27, 42–44, 48, 49, 57, 61, 63, 65, 68, 70, 71, 89, 90, 101, 102, 105, 110, 131, 141, 246, 247, 249, 251, 253, 267, 268, 272, 275, 285, 352, 360, 377, 379, 397
citizenship 2, 8, 22, 41, 287, 366, 404, 414, 419
civic 211, 213, 220, 225
civilization 19, 254, 256, 262, 311, 320
civilizations 7
civilized mentality 259
civil service 100, 101
Civil Society Organizations 268
Claude Lévi-Strauss 260
Climate vi, 1, 4, 5, 187, 189, 190–193, 195, 196, 201, 203–210, 212, 226, 227
climate change xiii, xv, xvii, 4, 5, 16, 18, 187–199, 201–203, 210, 212, 213, 215, 216, 218, 223, 226, 405
climate justice 5, 187–192, 194, 195, 201–203
CNN 60, 385
CODESRIA xvi, 14, 30, 34, 346
coffee 6, 290–306, 309, 369
Coffee 6, 290, 291, 293–300, 304, 306–309
Cold War 16, 36
collectivism 215, 224, 357, 358
colonial 5, 7, 12, 15, 18–20, 22, 24, 25, 28, 62, 68, 83, 95, 96, 101, 102, 113, 151, 167, 170, 171, 178, 182, 195, 231, 232, 235, 236, 238, 289, 294, 303, 305, 306, 310–312, 317, 318, 320–323, 327, 330–332, 335–337, 339–341, 343, 364, 366–368, 373
colonialism 6, 7, 16, 19, 21, 46, 48, 61, 82, 170, 177, 192, 195, 232, 236, 247, 256, 262, 263, 303, 316, 320, 321–323, 330, 334, 339, 366
Colonialism iii, vi, ix, x, 1, 5–7, 16, 17, 19, 33, 35, 53, 151, 164, 256, 310, 319, 320, 327
colonialists 61, 239, 263, 264, 321, 322, 334
coloniality 171
colonializing 264
colonized 7, 47, 171, 235, 256
colonizers 256, 264, 311
colour 86, 120, 170, 173–177, 311, 316, 317, 322, 327, 409
Columbia Law School 117
Columbian 191
commodities 249, 272, 303, 368, 385, 389
commodity 272, 291, 296, 298, 299, 302, 304, 305
Commonwealth of Nations 248
communal 25, 27, 41, 56, 62, 81, 86, 154, 158, 277, 336, 345
communalism 56, 231, 237, 238
communalistic 56, 62, 238
communication 16, 58, 68, 71, 243, 244, 246, 367, 377, 417, 418
Communists 24
communitarian 79, 81, 85, 88, 156, 157
communitarianism 23, 33, 81, 154–157
communities 14, 17, 25, 26, 38, 45, 51, 61, 62, 81, 82, 84, 85, 87, 91, 118, 175–177, 188, 190, 192, 195–197, 199, 211–214, 216, 223, 237, 240, 269, 277, 369
community xiv, xv, 2, 13, 14, 17, 22, 38, 39, 41–43, 45, 48, 51, 59, 61, 62, 68, 79, 80, 81, 84, 87, 88, 91, 95, 154, 155, 156, 161, 177, 190, 192, 196, 201, 202, 212–214, 216, 219, 221, 224, 225, 237, 239, 240, 247, 257, 277, 278, 279, 280, 284, 285, 344, 345, 360, 393, 420
Community 2, 17, 22, 34, 36, 37, 40, 41, 74, 75, 87, 93, 156, 158, 159, 160, 163, 226, 227, 285, 287, 289, 362, 377, 380, 401, 402
companies 240, 244, 245, 248, 250, 268, 273, 277, 293, 294, 295, 300, 301
competition 25, 45, 214, 224, 243, 246, 249, 294, 407, 420
computer 201
confederation 132, 136, 137
Congo 239, 242, 263
consensual 56
consensus 56, 62, 188, 211, 215, 337, 341, 343, 344, 358, 408
conservation 18, 19, 151, 154, 161, 168, 200, 202, 221, 222, 410
conservatism 1, 14, 18, 19, 22, 24
conservatisms ix, x, 1, 12, 15, 17, 22, 25, 27, 30
Conservatisms i, iii, ix, x, 1, 8, 11, 17, 24, 34
conservative 1, 14, 17, 22, 23, 124, 125
conservatives 1, 14, 15, 28
Constitution 64, 72, 81, 92, 275, 276
consumer 298, 341, 345
contractarianism 356
contractualism 356
contractualists 356
contradictions 32, 233, 259
conversationalists 151
cooperation xii, 21, 37, 154, 250, 366, 377
Copenhagen 187, 189, 190, 204, 208
coronavirus pandemic 68
corporations 14, 30, 188, 191, 192, 200, 202, 246, 248, 270
corruption 22, 23, 28, 60, 63–67, 105, 107, 108, 136, 192, 232, 240, 253, 271, 375, 397
cosmopolitan 49, 51, 52
Cote d’Ivoire 369
Cotonou 368
countries 2, 6, 7, 12, 22, 26–29, 37, 47–50, 61, 64, 66, 68, 71, 89, 102, 118, 131, 138, 143, 165, 175–178, 189, 192, 194, 196, 232, 240, 242–244, 246–254, 267, 269, 271, 285, 290, 291, 297, 299, 300–307, 316, 329, 335, 352, 358, 364–371, 373, 374, 378, 382–384, 387–390, 397, 404, 411, 413, 418
country 11, 17, 20, 21, 27, 39, 41, 49, 51, 57, 60–64, 68, 69, 70, 81, 89, 90, 122, 130, 131, 133–138, 141, 177, 193–196, 198, 203, 235, 244, 248, 250, 251, 253, 254, 256, 267, 274, 290, 291, 295, 298–300, 304–307, 311, 345, 351, 352, 354, 369, 370, 371, 375, 382, 383, 385, 388, 390, 392–396, 406, 408, 410, 412, 418
Covid-19 16, 27, 29, 68, 73
Covid-19 pandemic 16, 27, 29, 68
Craig Calhoun xiii, 2, 11, 14, 23, 27, 34
crime 49, 220, 250, 370
Critical Discourse Analysis 3, 95, 97, 113
Croatia 248
CSOs 268
cultural ix, xiii, xv, 2, 20, 42, 55, 57, 59, 61, 62, 70, 81, 95, 96, 130, 166, 169, 171, 174, 182, 197–199, 237, 243–245, 250, 264, 275, 276, 279, 280, 283, 285, 328, 333–335, 338–340, 342, 343, 353, 354, 359, 360, 364, 367, 368, 373, 375, 376, 386, 391–393, 396
culture ix, xix, 7, 13, 20, 22, 41, 61, 66, 72, 81, 94, 100, 118, 119, 123, 124, 166, 169, 174, 175, 190, 195, 237, 243, 245, 247, 260–262, 311, 314, 328, 329, 332–334, 336, 338, 339, 352–354, 359, 360, 367, 383, 393, 409
cultures 12, 20, 22, 79, 83, 92, 166, 173, 203, 236, 237, 243, 245, 258, 328, 334, 339, 354, 359, 375
curricula 112, 420
Cyclone Idai 187, 195, 207
cyclones 193, 197, 199
Czechoslovakia 413
Dar es Salaam 28, 72
David Bloor 259
David Gauthier 356
decoloniality 167, 312
decolonised 327
de-epistemicising 4
Delta State xiv, xvii, 344
democracy xvi, 2, 27, 46, 55–57, 60, 63, 66, 67, 70, 73, 107, 141, 142, 239, 240, 243, 249, 328, 337, 343, 344, 353, 357, 358
Democracy xiii, xiv, xvii, 2, 27, 33, 55, 60, 65, 68, 71–77, 250, 287, 344, 346, 358
democratic xix, 2, 55, 57, 60, 62, 65, 68, 70, 142, 176, 240, 244, 245, 250, 353, 358, 407
Democratic Republic of Congo 89
democrats 24
Democrats 57, 59
Dēmokratía 55
demos 141
Denmark 404, 413
Department of Philosophy University of Lagos. 142
dependency 3, 16, 231, 291, 301, 303, 305, 306, 329, 345
Dependency 6, 290, 302, 346
Desmond Tutu 79, 156, 160
Developing Nations 6, 184, 243, 247, 250, 251
development xv–xvii, 5– 7, 15, 18, 20, 22, 29, 30, 55, 57, 69, 70, 78, 82, 116, 123, 137, 173, 175, 176, 178, 182, 188, 190, 194, 196, 199, 211, 212, 214–216, 223, 231, 232, 235, 236, 238, 239, 241, 244, 250–253, 267, 269, 270, 272, 275–278, 285, 290–299, 301, 303–307, 310–314, 316, 319, 323, 324, 327–331, 333–340, 343–345, 359, 364, 373, 377, 387, 394–397, 404–414, 416–420
Development xi–xvii, 6, 8, 26, 28, 34, 35, 71, 72, 75, 143, 151, 164, 186, 187, 198, 199, 200, 203–206, 208, 209, 214, 226, 233, 234, 241, 243, 244, 250, 251, 254, 255, 274, 277, 285, 286–290, 307–309, 326, 330, 331, 338, 339, 346, 364, 382, 387, 398, 399–404, 408–411, 414–419, 421, 422
dignity 37, 46, 47, 82, 235, 328, 336, 341, 374, 413
Dilip Gaonkar xiii, 27, 33
discrimination 49, 50, 116, 117, 134, 197, 257, 275, 319, 359, 409
diseases 168, 249, 405
dissolution 30, 132, 136, 138, 142
droughts 5, 189, 193, 196–199, 210, 214–216, 218, 219, 222–225
Dubai 337
Du Bois 13, 21, 31, 35, 127
East Asians 231
Eastern 61, 62, 175, 204, 206, 207, 258, 290, 308, 369, 388, 398, 400, 406
Ebola 249, 405
ecocentric 4, 150, 155, 159
ecocentrism 151
eco-conservation 4, 150, 151, 153, 155, 161
Eco-Conservation 4, 149, 155
eco-conservationist 4
Eco-egalitarianism 157
ecologies 12, 21
ecology 5, 150, 154, 163, 168, 187, 190, 196, 200, 202, 203
economics xv, 29, 32, 168, 191, 284, 321, 322, 323, 389, 390, 396
economies 6, 12, 15, 16, 26, 27, 69, 187, 232, 244, 245, 246, 291, 295, 297–300, 302–304, 307, 341, 384, 411
economy xiii, xiv, xvi, xvii, xix, 3, 5, 6, 20, 26, 27, 34, 63, 64, 66–69, 71, 89, 130, 131, 136, 138, 187–189, 200, 203, 207, 219, 243, 246, 249–253, 267, 268, 271, 290–293, 295–299, 301–306, 329–331, 337, 339, 341, 343, 364, 367, 374, 389, 407
Economy vii, xii, xvi, xvii, 1, 7, 26, 27, 33, 34, 75, 150, 163, 204, 205, 208, 245, 252, 254, 286, 308, 309, 402
Eco-sociology 150
ecosystem 149, 154, 155, 156, 157, 159, 160, 161
ECOWAS xii, 41, 366, 368, 377, 378, 379, 380
Edmund Burke 1, 17
Edo State 370, 381
education ix, x, xiv, xv, xviii, 8, 14, 16, 22, 23, 28, 29, 38, 69, 87, 89, 112, 157, 196, 199, 239, 243, 244, 248, 249, 251, 253, 303, 321, 328, 329, 331–335, 338, 341–343, 375, 376, 386, 390, 392, 397, 404–406, 408–415, 417–420
Education x, xiv, xviii, 1, 8, 22, 28, 29, 33, 34, 35, 92, 243–245, 248, 249, 251, 253–255, 309, 320, 331, 334, 342, 346, 347, 398, 405, 406, 409, 412, 413, 420–422
educational 112, 246–250, 252, 254, 332, 338, 342, 376, 406, 408–410, 415
Edward Said 231, 238
Edwin Etieyibo ix, xiv, 2, 4, 6, 7, 11, 41, 51, 52, 55, 56, 71, 72, 79, 130, 256, 265, 266, 351, 361
egalitarian 139, 141, 190
egalitarianism 4, 157
Egypt 19, 20, 28, 332
Egyptians 19
elders 20, 23, 336
Election Observation Missions 65, 66
elections 46, 57, 59, 64, 65, 66, 71, 106, 220, 344
elite 3, 6, 29, 63, 65, 236, 237, 238
elites 29, 57, 63, 65, 66, 67, 70, 82, 178, 279, 334
Ellen Johnson Sirleaf 248
Emile Durkheim 30
emissions 189, 194
Emmanuel Eze 311, 315, 325
Empire 17, 33, 74, 232, 241, 322, 326
empires 20, 21, 317, 330, 332
employment 22, 27, 69, 95, 107, 134, 173, 248, 257, 273, 291, 292, 295, 297, 299, 300, 302, 373, 374, 387, 404, 407, 408, 409, 411–419
enclavism 6, 290, 302–307
Enclavism 6, 290, 302, 303, 305, 307
energy 191, 292, 303, 377
England 71, 248, 322
English xix, 76, 108, 113, 132, 144, 145, 262, 322, 333, 421
Enlightenment 7, 310, 312–314, 319, 322–326, 362
enslavement 8, 323, 335
entitlements 38, 39, 40, 42, 43, 45, 48, 50, 51
entrepreneur 386
entrepreneurs 63, 252, 375, 386
environment xiii, xix, 4, 12, 13, 61, 87, 88, 149, 150, 154–157, 160, 165, 174–178, 181, 182, 187, 192, 208, 214, 224, 245, 246, 267, 305, 327, 329, 330, 331, 333, 342, 345, 375, 377, 392, 396, 405, 413
Environment iii, vi, ix, x, xvi, 1, 4, 150, 162, 183, 186, 187, 204–208, 277, 286, 288
environmental xvi, 4, 5, 18, 149, 150, 154, 159, 165–169, 175–178, 181, 182, 187–189, 192, 198, 208, 213
environmentalism 149, 155, 165, 167, 168
environmental justice 5, 18, 175–178, 182, 187, 188, 192
Environmental Justice 4, 18, 35, 165, 175, 183, 184, 207, 208
epistemic xix, 166, 167, 169–175, 178, 180–182
epistemicide 166, 167, 170, 177, 182
epistemologies 5, 165
epistemology xiv, 166–169, 172–175, 179, 180–182
equality 14, 23, 29, 45, 46, 121, 140, 157, 196, 234, 235, 240, 285, 314, 323, 353, 357
erosion 197, 405
essentialist 50
ethics xiv, xvii, 40, 44, 56, 81, 84, 85, 165, 168, 169, 181, 182, 237, 332, 419, 420
ethics of duty 56
Ethiopia 21, 66
Ethiopian 21, 300
ethnic xii, 22, 26, 27, 41, 42, 57, 61, 63, 67, 68, 70, 89, 122, 134, 139, 144, 177, 178, 192, 238, 256, 257, 271, 368, 407
ethnocentrism 46, 173, 182
Etieyibo 1, 2, 4, 6–8, 34, 37, 38, 41, 44, 50, 52, 53, 55, 56, 71–73, 79, 92, 139, 142, 144, 257, 259, 264, 265, 354, 356, 361
EU 300, 398
Eurocentric 169, 170, 177, 181, 182, 257, 258
Eurocentrism 169, 186
Europe 8, 16, 20, 36, 45–47, 76, 240, 263, 294, 313, 314, 316, 320, 323–325, 331, 347, 351, 361, 369, 370, 384, 385, 388–395, 398, 399, 401
European xvi, 11, 13, 19, 21, 30, 41, 43, 46–48, 61, 65, 73, 74, 92, 125, 127, 167, 169, 171, 172, 186, 263, 264, 289, 312, 313, 319, 321, 323, 325, 332, 346, 369, 398, 400, 402, 411, 413
Europeans 12, 19, 170, 263, 312, 317, 319–321, 323, 326, 330
expenditure 137, 292, 301, 302
ezi 4, 153, 154, 155, 157, 160, 161
ezin’ulo 151, 153–161
Ezi n’ulo 4, 149
families 14, 24, 26, 27, 41, 154, 198, 212, 275, 375, 376, 386, 389, 390, 392, 394, 396
family 14, 22, 27, 29, 31, 37, 41, 48, 153, 154, 198, 202, 215, 247, 276, 278, 281–283, 336, 371, 373, 375, 376, 383, 386, 387, 390, 392–397, 418
farmers 189, 191–193, 195, 196, 197, 199, 200, 202, 210, 213–225, 290, 294, 295, 301, 371, 410
Farmers 5, 200, 202, 206, 207, 210, 296
farming xv, 199, 202, 210, 213–216, 218, 220, 222–224, 278, 293, 366
Federal Government of Nigeria 2, 71, 406
federalism 69, 132, 135–138
federalist 74, 135, 137
federating 69, 138
federation 20, 135, 136, 138, 142, 143
Federation xii, 69, 136, 145, 411
Fela v, 3, 94–96, 98–114
Fela Anikulapo-Kuti v, 3, 94, 96, 98, 99, 103, 113
Female 222, 248, 249, 369, 393–396, 416
feminist 5, 187, 188, 190, 196, 197
fertiliser 293, 294, 295
floods 189, 193, 196, 197, 198
flourishing 2, 37, 38, 40, 41, 47, 49–52, 88, 224, 226, 354, 357, 359
food xv, xvii, 69, 103, 196, 198, 200–202, 210, 214, 218–222, 224, 225, 249, 250, 278, 280, 281, 290, 332, 373, 375, 396, 406
foreigners 44, 49, 352, 357
Foucault 23, 24, 310, 313, 325
France 17, 24, 33, 36, 46, 50, 176, 311, 317, 411
Francis Ogunmodede 151, 164
Francophonie 13
freedom 5, 17, 18, 29, 37, 46, 49, 50, 83, 166, 170–172, 233–236, 238, 240, 241, 312, 314, 323, 330, 334, 338, 343, 353, 357, 373, 395
Freedom 5, 52, 184, 231, 346
French 13, 29, 36, 45, 46, 61, 76, 176, 184, 233, 273, 311, 313, 367, 368, 371
French revolution 233, 313
French Revolution 29, 234
Friedrich Nietzsche 56
Fulani 368
Fushai 221, 222, 225
Gabon 369, 370, 371, 388
Galileo Galilei 314
Gambia 61, 388
Gandhi 74, 234, 235, 241
gay 118, 120, 124
gender xiii, xv, xvii, xviii, 6, 12, 14, 17, 31, 48, 86, 87, 117, 118, 120–122, 173, 192, 193, 196–198, 200, 217, 273, 277, 278, 281, 284, 285, 372, 390, 392, 415
General Assembly 37, 366, 400
geography ix, 168, 310, 315, 319
German 57, 59, 72, 263, 313
Germany xvi, 28, 184, 240, 248, 263, 404, 411
Ghana ix, 19, 25, 26, 31, 34, 61, 184, 214, 239, 370, 373, 384, 388
ghettoization 232
Giovanni Arrighi 28
girls 197, 199, 200, 369, 370, 372, 375, 376, 388
global xvii, xix, 4–7, 11, 12, 16–18, 20, 30, 48, 50, 52, 57, 63, 68, 94, 116, 121, 123, 165, 174, 178, 182, 188–191, 194, 199, 214, 231, 232, 238, 243–251, 253, 267, 269, 271, 272, 281, 284, 291, 296, 300, 301, 305, 306, 324, 331, 333, 341, 352, 359–362, 368, 377, 388, 400, 402, 405
globalization ix, 6, 170, 188, 243–249, 251, 253, 254, 407, 420
Globalization vi, 1, 5, 6, 54, 203, 243–251, 254, 255, 288, 289, 346, 380
Global South 351
global village, 246, 341
Global Village 246, 254
global warming, 5
God 260, 312, 314, 318, 323, 336, 343, 395
Godfrey Tangwa 152
Godwin Sogolo 259
Goodluck Ebele Jonathan 65
governance ix, xii, xvi, 66, 68, 75, 131, 232, 244, 245, 250, 271, 285, 329, 332, 338, 339, 343, 344, 364, 397, 407
government xi, 2, 8, 16, 19, 20, 22–24, 27, 30, 39, 55–58, 60–71, 101, 102, 105–110, 130, 134–138, 140, 141, 195, 201–203, 211, 213, 214, 216, 218, 219, 220, 223, 225, 240, 245, 250, 252, 268, 269, 277, 279, 280, 281, 295, 296, 299, 307, 342–344, 364, 367, 378, 390, 397, 405, 406, 408, 409, 412–420
governments 14, 28, 39, 61, 63, 65, 67, 69, 94, 101, 102, 110, 138, 167, 191, 195, 214, 223, 245, 253, 332, 337, 345, 360, 364, 378, 383, 397, 411
GoZ 194, 195, 205
grassroots 190, 192, 202, 211, 213, 214, 216, 224, 239
Great Economic Depression of 1930 68
Greece 263, 338
Greek 55, 332, 346
Greeks 263, 338
Green Belt Movement 192
Greenhouse Gas Emissions 194
groups 4, 22, 45, 46, 51, 61, 67, 71, 80, 81, 86, 87, 95, 98, 115–119, 121–124, 130, 136, 175–177, 190–192, 197, 200, 203, 211–213, 215–217, 221, 222, 224, 269, 271, 276, 281, 323, 330, 359, 385, 389, 393, 405, 407, 415, 418
growth 2, 7, 20, 27, 29, 30, 55, 57, 69, 70, 182, 232, 243, 252, 254, 267, 290–293, 296, 297, 301–304, 306, 367, 376, 407, 408, 412, 420
Guinea 369, 370
Gyekye 56, 73, 81, 92, 93, 156, 162
happiness 43–48, 50, 52, 312, 332, 339, 408
Harare 5, 54, 93, 185, 205, 209, 294, 295, 307, 309
harmony 87, 88, 140, 161, 181, 239, 335
Harmony 87, 156, 163
Hausa 62, 368
Hausa-Fulani 62
health 12, 16, 23, 32, 150, 177, 222, 246, 249, 251, 375, 396, 411
healthcare 141, 386
Hegel 186, 311, 325
Hellenistic 19
Hindus 320
Hispanics 351
historians 38, 46, 291, 332
historical xiii, 2, 20, 39, 47, 48, 55, 57, 90, 178, 189, 190, 194, 195, 203, 263, 312, 313, 340, 375
history ix, xiv, xvi, xix, 12, 13, 19, 20, 21, 23, 28, 31–33, 39, 41, 43, 44, 68, 84, 170, 241, 244, 262, 263, 310–314, 316, 340, 359, 364, 385, 409
Hitler 240, 263
HIV/AIDS 249, 380
Hoima district 273, 278–280, 282
Hong Kong 252, 411
horticulture 222
households 193, 199, 201, 222, 273, 274, 279, 282, 376, 383, 386, 390, 391, 396, 397, 405
human xii, xv, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16–18, 27, 29, 37–52, 54, 66, 68, 78–80, 83–87, 90, 106, 116, 121, 149–152, 154–161, 167, 173–175, 177–182, 189, 190, 194, 198, 211, 216, 218, 233, 235, 237, 239, 243, 250, 252, 253, 258, 259, 261, 272, 285, 313, 323, 328–330, 336, 337, 339, 340, 341, 353, 364, 367–379, 381, 384–389, 394–397, 404, 411–413, 418–420
Human xii, xiii, xvii, 2, 27, 36–39, 42–45, 48, 50, 52–54, 77, 79, 91–93, 125, 126, 150, 162, 198–200, 203, 208, 209, 250, 253, 255, 267, 285, 286, 289, 316, 326, 366, 370, 373, 375, 378–382, 387, 388, 397–403, 409
human beings 37, 39, 41–51, 79, 81, 85, 154, 156, 159, 211, 323, 353, 378
humanism 313, 314
humanistic 29, 78, 80, 85, 121, 231
humanity 12, 79, 80, 82, 84–86, 104, 121, 169, 170, 173–175, 180–182, 189, 192, 235, 246, 258, 262, 312, 313, 317, 318, 320, 321, 385
humankind 157
humanness 79, 80, 81, 85, 87
human rights xv, 2, 37–52, 66, 83, 189, 190, 198, 250, 285, 337, 339, 385, 389, 395, 418, 419
humans 6, 17, 39, 51, 84, 86, 149, 150, 154–161, 165, 181, 182, 187, 189, 233–235, 258, 259, 263, 311, 312, 314, 316, 319, 320, 324, 329, 330, 331, 335, 336, 342, 372
human trafficking 8, 369–371, 373, 379, 387
Hume 186, 316
hunger 251, 385, 406
Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida 130
identitarian 5, 231
Identities v, xv, 1, 2, 3, 115, 119, 121, 122
identity 3, 13, 15, 20, 25, 41, 43, 48, 49, 51, 61, 82, 96, 99, 115–124, 126, 129, 158–160, 170, 190, 332
ideological 3, 24, 68, 95–102, 106–110, 112, 170, 171, 178, 234, 241, 340
ideologies 1, 95, 96, 98, 100, 118, 167, 168, 192, 233, 236
ideology 24, 81, 95, 97, 98, 99, 182, 236, 238
Ifeanyi Menkiti 156
Igbo 4, 45, 62, 139, 151, 153, 164, 180
Igbos 62
IIS ix, 30, 32, 249
illogical 66, 106, 260
ILO 372, 385, 388, 400, 401, 404, 406, 409, 411, 413, 421
Immanuel Kant 7, 140, 310, 312, 315, 356
Immanuel Wallerstein 16, 28
immigrants 43, 352, 357, 360, 376, 385, 389
immigration 7, 246, 351, 352, 354–357, 359, 361, 384, 385
imperialism 181, 234, 305, 322, 323
independence 7, 19, 28, 62, 192, 231, 232, 235, 238, 239, 241, 306, 311, 324, 390, 406, 408
Indians 89, 231, 234, 235, 316, 319, 404, 405, 418
Indigenization 239
indigenous xv, 12, 45, 56, 62, 67, 83, 91, 108, 152, 165–167, 170, 172, 173, 176, 178, 181, 191, 192, 195, 200, 202, 220, 231, 252, 318, 328, 332, 336, 338, 342, 345, 412, 413
Indigenous People of Biafra 139
individual 4, 29, 38, 39, 41–45, 48–50, 52, 58, 59, 66, 79, 81, 83–88, 98, 115, 116, 120, 122–124, 159, 192, 212, 216, 234, 235, 240, 250, 253, 256, 257, 262, 277, 318, 321, 322, 330, 333, 334, 345, 352, 354–356, 358, 383, 386, 389, 390, 392, 393, 396, 408, 409, 413
Indonesia 403, 411
Indonesian 191
industrialisation 7, 291, 298, 314, 345
industries 143, 177, 246, 290, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 299, 305, 307, 411, 418, 419
inequality 3, 14, 23, 44, 45, 51, 52, 80, 85–88, 90, 91, 192, 193, 201, 273, 275, 281, 395, 396
information 59, 63, 69, 70, 98, 117, 120, 171, 201, 211, 212, 216, 217, 219, 243, 245, 246, 250, 254, 340, 364, 379, 405, 410, 415, 417, 418
in-group 3, 95, 97, 116, 119, 122, 123
In-group 122
injustice 3, 5, 80, 81, 85, 87–89, 91, 107, 165, 166, 167, 169, 170, 171, 175, 177, 178, 181, 187, 202, 236, 345, 354
Injustice 5, 73, 107, 169, 187, 203, 361
Inside Deictic Centre 97, 100
interdependence 155, 178, 216, 244, 246, 292, 390
intergroup 121, 122
inter-migration 351
International Institute of Sociology 11
International Labour Organization 404, 406, 411, 413, 421
International Monetary Fund 68, 247
intra-migration 351
investment 8, 69, 195, 245, 246, 248, 252, 253, 292, 300, 375, 383, 386, 390–392, 394, 395, 397, 404, 418
Isaac Newton 314
Islam 12, 19, 20, 21
Isoko 336, 344, 346
Israel 68, 71, 263, 405
Italy 28, 176, 351, 361, 369, 371, 384, 388, 398, 401, 407, 411
Ivory Coast 177, 351
Ivy League University 118
Jacinda Ardem 248
Jacob Zuma 64, 76
James C. Scott 23, 26, 27
James Madison 56
Japan 238, 241, 300, 411
Japanese 237
Jean-Jacques Rousseau 56, 356
Jesus, 119
Joe Biden 59
Johannesburg ix, 1, 11, 153, 164, 183, 402, 404
Johann Kepler 314
John Locke 7, 45, 310, 311, 312, 317, 321
John Mbiti 79
John Williamson 248
Joint Niger Delta Liberation Force 406
Jonathan O. Chimkonam 41
Joseph Carens 356
Joseph Conrad 262
Joseph Omoregbe 259
journalists 58, 60, 410
Judaism 12
Julius Nyerere 29
justice ix, 4–6, 15, 23, 25, 37, 51, 52, 61, 62, 67, 73, 85, 88, 89, 107, 111, 131, 134, 136, 139–141, 158, 166, 170–173, 175, 176, 178, 182, 187–204, 208, 235, 240, 285, 332, 335–337, 343, 344, 345, 352, 354, 360
Justice vi, 1, 4, 5, 18, 36, 54, 64, 73, 75, 76, 107, 140, 144, 145, 158, 163, 164, 170, 183, 186, 187, 190–193, 199, 201, 203–209, 231, 238, 243, 245, 255, 345, 356, 361, 363, 381
Kabaale parish 273
Kampala 35, 274, 285–289
Kant 310–312, 315–317, 319–321, 323–326, 354, 362
Karl Polanyi 24
Keith Hart 25, 26
Kenya 66, 184, 185, 186, 192, 213, 224, 287, 307, 308, 400
Kenyan 79, 224
Kerala 401, 404
Kgalema Motlanthe 64
kingdoms 20, 61
kinship 23, 25, 26
knowledge xv, xvii, 1, 2, 4, 11, 12, 28, 29, 30, 32, 57, 68, 98, 105, 166, 167, 169–175, 179–182, 195, 200, 202, 221, 222, 231, 238, 244, 249, 250, 251, 253, 254, 260, 311–313, 324, 333, 335, 345, 357, 379, 385, 404, 405, 406, 408–410, 412, 414, 420
Knowledge v, xix, 2, 4, 11, 28, 165, 166, 174, 182–186, 204, 206, 253, 264, 346, 420
Kolinda Grabar-Kitarovic 248
Kwame Nkrumah 12, 19, 176, 184
Kwasi Wiredu 56, 71, 74, 76, 77, 93, 152, 156, 162, 163, 186, 266
Kwindingwi 78, 81, 82, 84, 86, 87, 90–92
labour 200, 216, 222, 246, 249, 290, 292, 293, 297–299, 301–305, 310, 312, 314, 317–319, 321, 322, 369, 371, 374, 376, 384, 389, 390, 407, 408, 412–414, 418
Lagos xii, xiii, xiv, xviii, xix, 27, 60, 64, 72, 75, 96, 104, 114, 130, 142, 255, 346, 347, 365, 368, 379, 412, 415, 416, 422
Lake Nasser 20
land xii, xiii, xvi, 6, 8, 18, 192, 196, 197, 222, 261, 267–285, 287, 289, 305, 311, 317–319, 321–324, 329, 336, 383, 394
Land vi, 6, 151, 163, 267, 269, 272, 275–277, 279, 281, 282, 284–289, 302, 366, 412
land rights xvi, 6, 267–270, 272, 273, 275, 277–279, 281–285
Land Rights vi, 6, 267, 277, 285–289
language 4, 11, 22, 41, 45, 64, 97, 98, 108, 151, 152, 237, 245, 260, 333
Language Particularism 152
Language Particularists 151
language Universalists 152
Latin America 231, 308, 401
La Via Campesina 189, 202, 207
law xiv, 38, 49, 117, 139, 168, 232, 250, 261, 262, 282, 311, 314, 321, 328, 332, 336, 343, 345, 353, 366, 384
law of identify 261
laws 39, 41, 176, 181, 211, 239, 251, 259, 260, 261, 276, 277, 282, 314, 327, 330, 356, 377, 409
Lenin 233
Léopold Senghor 13
Levy-Bruhl 259, 261
Lewisan model 293, 297
Lewis Gordon 311
liberal 7, 24, 56, 62, 67, 83, 118, 124, 125, 240, 337, 352, 353, 357, 360, 404, 410
Liberal 7, 74, 77, 351, 361, 362, 363
liberalism 7, 18, 244, 323, 352, 353, 358, 360
liberalization 138, 245, 254, 377
liberation 5, 12, 15, 18, 20, 28
Liberia 248, 373
liberties 140, 334, 353, 357
liberty 23, 43–48, 83, 109, 140, 234, 314, 337, 352, 360, 408
Libya vii, 8, 351, 363, 369, 370, 382, 384, 385, 388, 390, 392–395, 398, 401
limited capacity argument 353, 355
linguistic 18, 42, 151, 152, 368
livelihoods xiii, xvi, xvii, 193, 196, 202, 210, 214, 216, 226, 268, 273, 278, 284
livestock 197, 199, 200, 218, 220, 221, 274
local ix, xii, xiii, xiv, xvi, 6, 17, 18, 22, 23, 29, 46, 69, 94, 118, 138, 177, 178, 190, 192, 195, 200–202, 210–219, 223–226, 239, 247, 267, 272, 273, 285, 293–296, 299, 301–306, 413
Locke 45, 311, 315, 317, 318, 321–324, 326
Lockean proviso 318
logic xvii, xviii, 106, 173, 235, 257, 259, 260, 261, 415
logical 38, 43, 44, 124, 259, 260, 261
London xiii, xv, 26, 30, 33–36, 53, 54, 71–74, 76, 113, 144, 145, 150, 153, 157, 158, 162–164, 204–206, 209, 226, 234, 238, 241, 264, 265, 286–289, 307, 308, 326, 346, 347, 362, 363, 379, 380, 398–400
Los Angeles 27, 53, 421
Lumumba 6, 239
majoritarian 56, 344
Makonde 196, 208
Malaria 198
Malaysia 411
Maldives 18
male 6, 14, 118, 180, 198, 200, 275, 276, 280, 282, 367, 371, 393
Mali 20, 33, 34, 225, 372
man 66, 102, 108, 112, 239, 260, 275, 284, 310, 312, 314–317, 319, 322, 323, 329
management xiii, xv, 132, 165, 177, 178, 200, 214, 221, 223, 225, 253, 293, 379, 384, 386, 411, 417, 418
Manchester School 25, 34
Marginalisation x, 1, 8
market 8, 15, 189, 200, 239, 240, 243, 244, 246, 249, 252, 284, 290, 294–298, 300–302, 305–307, 353, 364, 369, 373, 376, 385, 388–390, 392, 394, 395, 400, 407
marketing xv, 202, 292, 294, 296, 300
markets 19, 21–25, 243, 244, 246, 293, 298, 300, 301, 364, 368, 373, 385, 389, 390, 407
marriage 60, 237, 375
Marshall McLuhan 246
Marshall Plan 240
Martin Luther King 314
Marxist 96
Marxists 17
Mary Slessor, 249
masculine 199, 201
MASSOB 139, 406, 407, 415, 416
Mastercard Foundation ix, 11
Masvingo 196, 207, 217
material 16, 18, 22, 29, 112, 179, 180, 250, 295, 298, 330, 336, 339, 340, 420
materialism 182
Matolino 56, 74, 78, 80–82, 84, 86, 87, 90–92, 156, 163
Max Gluckman 25
maximin 357
media ix, 2, 15, 55, 57–60, 64, 68–71, 119, 130, 240
Media xvii, 2, 23, 33, 55, 57, 59, 71, 72, 74, 75, 254
medieval 237
Mediterranean 208, 351, 384, 387, 388, 400
Mediterranean Sea 384, 385
Meiksins-Wood 317, 318, 321, 322
membership 38, 41, 42, 63, 95, 100, 115, 122, 123, 192, 257
men 14, 17, 30, 46, 63, 107, 118, 120, 197, 198, 217, 248, 272, 273, 275–278, 281–284, 316, 318, 372, 375, 396, 408, 412
MEND 136, 406
Mental decolonisation 328
Mental Decolonization 7, 327, 346
mentality 79, 177, 220, 259, 261, 328, 335, 341, 343
Methodic Crisis 172, 173
Mexicans 351
Mexico 26, 34, 317, 351, 387, 403
Middle East 68, 143, 369, 370, 388
migrants 8, 25, 26, 43, 44, 351, 355, 361, 363, 367, 383–388, 390, 392, 393, 396, 400
Migrants 26, 351, 361, 363, 366, 398–403
migration 8, 12, 15, 21, 26, 30, 49, 198, 200, 244, 246, 297, 351, 353, 357, 364, 366, 367, 369, 378, 379, 383–387, 389–397, 402
Migration vii, ix, x, xiii, 1, 7, 8, 26, 34, 361, 364, 369, 377, 379, 380, 382, 384, 386, 387, 389, 391, 397–403
military 60, 62, 63, 65, 66, 101, 102, 104–107, 109, 110, 130, 374, 407
minimum payoff outcome 355
missionaries 321, 335
MOCs 267, 268, 270, 271, 273, 274, 279, 281, 285
modernity 237, 311, 313, 314, 322
Mogobe Ramose 78, 79, 84, 171, 179
money 18, 26, 64, 66, 109, 137, 219, 222, 278, 280–282–284, 374, 392, 393, 407
Montreal 27
moral 39, 65, 81, 83, 87, 88, 90, 92, 140, 149, 150, 156, 163, 169, 236, 264, 310, 315, 319, 320, 322, 323, 330, 339, 352, 355, 356, 357
morals 251
Morocco 26, 34, 68, 214, 369, 370
Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra 139, 406, 407, 415
Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta 136
Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People 192
Muammar Gaddafi 388
multinational 22, 29, 200, 202, 270, 294, 300
multi-party 56
multiple identities 116, 117, 119, 120, 124
multiple social identities 4, 115–119, 121–124
Mungo Park 332
music 3, 22, 94–96, 99, 112
Muslim 63, 127, 128
Muslims 122
Muzarabani 196, 198, 199
mystical participation 259, 261
mystical representations 261
Napoleon 19, 233
national xiii, xiv, 5, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 23, 28, 31, 38, 57, 59, 60, 63, 65, 69, 81, 84, 90, 121, 122, 130, 135, 136, 175, 177, 192, 227, 244, 246, 248, 251–253, 271, 273, 276, 279, 303, 304, 311, 319, 339, 341, 360, 364, 366, 368, 372, 377, 384, 404, 405, 409, 413
nationalism 139, 231, 238
Nationalism 5, 15, 33, 36, 96, 99, 231, 238, 362, 363
nationalist 5, 192, 232, 235
nationalists 24
nationality 39, 44, 48–52, 86, 130, 174, 366, 409
nations 17, 47, 62, 66, 68, 175, 176, 178, 189, 244, 245, 249–251, 253, 297, 322, 332, 379, 382, 387, 407
nation-state 19, 21, 40, 41, 44, 46, 48, 49, 51, 61
nation-states 7, 20, 22, 43, 44, 46, 47, 49, 50, 143
natural disasters 210
natural environment 155, 331
natural law 311, 317, 321, 322
nature ix, 1, 4, 5, 12, 13, 17, 38–40, 45, 49, 79, 80, 84, 88, 94, 103, 116, 120, 131, 132, 141, 165, 166, 167–170, 175, 177–182, 192, 223, 232, 233, 236, 240, 257, 258, 260, 271, 284, 291, 293, 299, 301, 306, 310, 311, 312, 315–320, 327, 329, 330, 355, 356, 359, 370, 371, 390, 391
Nazi 263
Negritude 13, 14, 21, 34, 35, 36
Negro 266, 317, 320, 408
Negroes 239, 316, 321, 404, 405, 418
Negroes. 239
neoliberal 190, 267, 270, 285
Neoliberals 17
Netherlands xiii, 184, 369, 371
New York 8, 25–27, 33–36, 53, 71–74, 76, 92, 93, 96, 113, 143, 145, 151, 152, 156, 162–164, 179, 183, 185, 186, 204, 227, 255, 264, 265, 266, 286, 308, 309, 325, 346, 347, 361–363, 380, 398, 400, 402, 421, 422
New Zealand 248
NGOs xvi, 38, 212, 214, 216, 218, 219, 220
Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala 248
Ngugi wa Thiong’o 171
Ngugi wa Thiong’o 151, 171
Nguni 79, 87
Nicolaus Copernicus 314
Niger 136, 192, 288, 370, 384, 388, 406, 415
Niger Delta 192, 288, 406, 415
Niger Delta Avengers Militant Group 406, 415
Niger Delta Self-Determination Movement 406
Nigeria vii, ix, xii–xiv, xvii, xviii, xix, 2, 4, 7, 8, 52, 55, 57, 58, 60–73, 75, 76, 92, 101, 102, 104, 106, 114, 130–132, 134–139, 141–145, 153, 164, 175, 176, 178, 184, 192, 226, 232, 235, 236, 239, 241, 243, 247, 249, 251, 252, 254, 255, 266, 285, 288, 335, 337, 339, 344, 346, 364–375, 377–388, 391–401, 403–407, 410, 411, 413, 418–421
Nigerian xii, xiii, xvii, xix, 2, 8, 26, 52, 55, 57, 60–71, 73, 75, 95, 100–102, 104–111, 130, 135, 137, 143, 145, 236, 238, 254, 346, 367, 369–371, 374, 384, 385, 388, 389, 396, 397, 398, 401, 412, 413, 420, 421
Nigerian Civil War 63
Nigerianization 239
Nigerians 65, 94, 101, 102, 104, 105, 110, 130, 131, 135, 138, 139, 235, 238, 369, 370, 383, 384, 394, 396, 404, 407, 412, 413
Nile 20
Nkrumah 35, 176, 184, 239, 343, 346
Noelle-Neumann 57, 58, 59, 75
non-contradiction 261
Non-Governmental Organizations 212
North 43, 45–47, 96, 134–136, 144, 171, 194, 207, 317, 351, 365, 369, 370, 384, 385, 388, 399, 400
North America 46, 317
North American 46, 47, 96, 171
North and South divide 134, 135, 136
Norway 207, 271, 287, 288, 300
Nyadanda 221
Obafemi Awolowo xii, 335, 346
Obligation 2, 37, 144
Odera Oruka 185, 259
Odua Peoples’ Congress 405
oil xvi, 6, 18, 136, 167, 176, 188, 252, 267–276, 277–286, 288, 368, 375, 396, 407, 419
oil capital 6, 267, 269, 271, 281, 284
oil reserves 6, 267
Oman 369
ontology 80, 140, 159, 169, 179, 336, 338, 343
OPC 405, 415, 416
Opium Wars 16
opportunities 3, 14, 22, 26, 49, 50, 52, 81, 119, 124, 134, 141, 232, 248–251, 254, 279, 297, 299, 340, 358, 359, 374, 376, 382, 383, 393–397, 404, 407
organisms 154, 165
organization 17, 23–27, 39, 45, 133, 139, 143, 150, 244, 377, 418
organizations xv, 3, 23–25, 30, 38, 139, 143, 192, 201, 202, 211, 216, 244, 245, 249, 253, 254, 379, 406, 411, 419, 420
original position 357
Ottoman Empire 19
out-group 95, 117, 122
Outside Deictic Centre 97, 100
OVCs vi, 6, 267–269, 272, 273, 277, 278, 281, 283, 285
Pacja 192
pan-African 15, 28
Pan-African 31
pan-Africanism 12, 15, 28
Pan-Africanist 385
Paris 26, 30, 54, 165, 186, 194, 205, 206, 347, 402
Paris Accord 165, 194, 195
Paris Agreement 194, 195, 205, 206
parliamentary 344
parliaments 55, 63, 64, 67
participatory democracy 3
particularism 13, 238
parties 22, 24, 58, 191, 214, 235, 311, 344
Pentecostals 119
people x, 1, 6, 18, 20, 24, 27, 41, 55, 58, 60–63, 66–68, 70, 71, 78, 79, 81–83, 85–87, 89–91, 100–103, 105, 106, 109–111, 116, 118–124, 131, 134, 135, 137–139, 141, 142, 155, 156, 166, 167, 169, 170, 175–178, 180, 187, 189–193, 199, 213, 218, 220, 222, 223, 234–237, 243–246, 249–251, 253, 257–263, 268, 269, 272–276, 280, 281, 285, 288, 293, 302, 311, 316–320, 324, 327–329, 331–345, 352, 354–356, 358–362, 364, 367–369, 372, 373, 375–377, 382, 384, 387, 388, 390, 393–397, 404, 409, 413, 419
person 8, 27, 39, 59, 79, 85, 87, 118, 119, 121–123, 140, 141, 160, 236, 237, 261, 312, 317, 318, 345, 352, 354, 360, 371, 388, 392, 408, 411
personhood 81, 85, 86, 87
Peru 317
Peter Osimiri 142
Peter Winch 260
petroleum 3, 69, 71, 271, 273, 274, 367, 417
Philippines 191, 387
philosopher 79, 86, 246, 311, 314, 315, 317, 324
Philosopher King 333
philosophers 21, 56, 80, 83, 87, 91, 139, 168, 310, 314, 319, 324
philosophical xvii, 6, 15, 78, 83–85, 132, 142, 150, 152, 165, 175, 179, 236, 256, 258, 311, 316, 327
philosophy ix, xiv, xvii, xviii, 6, 13, 38, 39, 41, 43, 78–80, 84, 85, 87–90, 100, 152, 165–169, 171, 179–182, 191, 256–260, 262, 263, 310–312, 315, 324, 343, 352, 377
Philosophy ix, xii, xiv, xvii, xviii, 6, 14, 23, 34, 35, 52, 53, 54, 71–77, 79, 91–93, 130, 142, 150–152, 156, 159, 160, 162–164, 166–168, 171, 179, 182–186, 204, 205, 209, 256, 257, 262, 264–266, 325, 326, 346, 347, 361, 362, 421
Placide Tempels 179
PLAN International 217, 218, 219
plants 154, 157, 158, 160, 165, 177, 295, 300, 319
Plato 56, 73, 76, 139, 145, 333, 347
Polanyi 35, 284, 288
police 60, 100, 101, 104, 111, 112
Police 104, 380
policy xv, 16, 63, 85, 108–110, 130, 131, 139, 140, 178, 181, 188, 189, 193, 195, 200, 214, 238, 239, 252, 256, 267, 269, 270, 290, 291, 297, 302, 305, 306, 356–358, 360, 373, 377, 389, 397, 404, 406–409, 413, 414
policymakers 16, 202, 291
political ix, xi, xiii, xiv, xvi, xvii, xviii, 1, 2, 4–7, 14, 18, 20, 22–24, 28, 32, 38–43, 45, 48, 49, 51, 55, 56, 58, 59, 61–65, 67, 68, 70, 79, 81, 85, 89, 94, 96, 98, 100, 101, 109, 118, 124, 130–132, 135–141, 157, 175, 177, 178, 187–193, 196, 197, 200, 203, 211, 219, 220, 223–225, 232, 233, 235, 243–245, 248, 249, 254, 256, 267, 270, 271, 284, 285, 313, 321, 322, 324, 327, 328, 331, 335–339, 341, 343, 344, 352, 354, 355, 357, 360, 364, 367, 374, 377, 384, 397, 406
politicians 61, 63–67, 70, 109, 138, 239, 337
politics ix, x, xv, xvi, 2, 12–14, 16, 20, 27, 39, 43, 50, 55, 57, 61–64, 70, 75, 95, 131, 134, 145, 191, 192, 203, 219, 220, 225, 232, 238, 245, 248, 328, 329, 341, 343, 355
Politics v, x, xvi, xviii, 1, 2, 8, 15, 20, 23, 28, 33, 34, 54, 57, 63, 72, 74, 75, 76, 96, 113, 126, 127, 143–145, 151, 164, 171, 186, 204–206, 236, 241, 248, 255, 288, 336, 346, 362, 399
polluters 189
pollution 167, 176, 177
Polycarp 74, 156, 163
polygamous 376
Pop-culture v, 1
population 99, 110, 232, 239, 269, 305, 334, 360, 364, 367, 369, 374, 375, 382, 383, 390, 392, 396, 397, 404, 411, 413
populations 21, 210, 212, 219, 239, 284
populism 3, 103, 109
Porto Novo 368
post-apartheid 3, 81, 82
postcolonial 13, 25, 167, 231, 238
Post-Colonial 4, 165
poverty ix, x, 5, 167, 168, 177, 178, 189, 190, 193, 198, 199, 210, 232, 247, 251, 268, 275, 299, 302, 340, 358, 360, 369, 373–376, 379, 382, 384, 386, 394, 396, 397, 406
Poverty x, 1, 8, 34, 71, 186, 205, 206, 244, 308, 373, 382, 398, 401–403, 421
power 1, 12, 14–16, 20–22, 24, 28, 45, 48, 50, 51, 61, 65–67, 69, 89, 98, 110, 112, 135, 137, 171, 190, 197, 212, 218, 222–224, 232, 233, 236, 244, 252, 256, 260, 270, 279, 290, 312, 406, 418
pre-colonial 231, 373
prejudice 173, 239, 257, 409
pre-logical 259, 261
Pretoria xvii, xviii, 27, 91, 404
Prime Minister 105, 248
primitive 259, 260, 261, 262, 270, 336, 342
primitive mentality 259, 261
privatization 138, 139, 270
production xv, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 94, 98, 102, 171, 182, 193, 196, 197, 200–203, 218, 219, 222, 225, 243, 246, 247, 252, 270, 272, 274, 290–301, 303–306, 314, 339, 410, 412, 415, 420
proletariat 95
property 7, 14, 23, 44, 52, 216, 240, 270, 276, 281, 282, 283, 310, 311, 312, 317–319, 321, 322, 352
prostitutes 374
Protagoras 329
psychological 101, 104, 115, 116, 118, 198, 319, 328
psychology 4, 116, 118, 170
public xvi, 22, 23, 30, 32, 38–40, 49, 57, 58–61, 63–67, 70, 83, 94, 100, 101, 104, 108, 110, 112, 140, 210–213, 219, 223, 225, 232, 235, 238, 239, 249, 270, 336, 337, 357, 358, 373, 375, 397, 401, 402, 408, 409, 418, 419
Queen Elizabeth II 248
race 3, 7, 15, 17, 39, 41, 42, 44, 46–49, 52, 78, 80, 81, 85–87, 89, 91, 117, 120, 122, 133, 149, 170, 173–177, 215, 234, 310, 311, 315–317, 319, 320, 323, 330, 331, 356, 376, 409
racial 48, 49, 80, 81, 89, 120, 121, 124, 134, 176, 177, 232, 239, 256, 257, 263, 311, 319, 320, 323, 324
racism 3, 5, 6, 31, 46–48, 86, 87, 91, 117, 234, 235, 256–258, 262–264, 311, 312, 315–317, 322, 324, 359, 360, 385
Racism 6, 17, 33, 256, 257, 262–266, 325, 369, 376, 380
racist 236, 258, 262, 263, 316
radical 1, 4, 14, 15, 20, 22, 24, 27, 99, 136, 138, 142, 143, 189, 203, 232, 322, 342
radicalism ix, 1, 14, 18
radicalisms ix, x, 1, 12, 15, 17, 18, 22, 24, 25, 30
Radicalisms i, iii, ix, x, 1, 8, 11, 25, 34
radicals 1, 14, 15
rainfall 193, 200, 218, 222
rationality 172, 257–260, 320
Rawls 56, 76, 139, 140, 145, 158, 164, 353, 356, 358, 360, 363
Raymond Zondo 64
reason 13, 58, 60, 67, 78, 80, 82, 87, 138, 155, 170, 172, 173, 234, 235, 260, 261, 311, 312, 314, 316, 319, 320, 323, 335, 356–358, 360, 377, 404
reciprocity 214, 215
referendum 141
relationship 2, 4, 12, 24, 29, 79, 81, 85, 98, 115, 135, 138, 149, 150, 154, 155, 158, 159, 161, 167, 169, 174, 214, 292, 293, 296, 299, 301–303, 319, 321, 329, 330, 333, 341, 359, 367, 387
religion 12, 20, 39, 63, 117, 173, 260, 262, 313, 328, 329, 331, 335, 338, 341, 342, 367
religious xii, xv, 14, 15, 20, 24, 27, 63, 66, 68, 70, 95, 96, 101, 110, 119, 121, 122, 125, 243, 244, 335, 336, 338, 343, 357, 376, 418
Religious 14, 72, 128
reorganization 14, 132, 133, 142
Republic 8, 21, 50, 63, 73, 76, 89, 92, 140, 145, 248, 275, 281, 282, 288, 347, 365, 370, 374, 377, 378, 379, 384, 400, 411
Republic of Benin 370, 374
re-restructured 68
researchers 11, 30, 58, 124, 291, 391
res nullius 311, 317, 318, 321
resource control xii, 132, 134, 135, 136, 406, 418
resources x, xiii, xv, 6, 12, 18, 22, 44, 45, 61, 64, 68, 69, 109, 134, 136, 141, 151, 152, 165, 177, 178, 182, 189, 192, 197, 211, 212, 215, 216, 231, 244, 252, 253, 254, 256, 267, 270–273, 275, 303, 305, 317, 329, 330, 339, 340, 341, 355, 375, 384, 387, 393, 404
restructure 4, 69, 71, 131, 132, 139, 143, 144, 145, 344
restructures 133
restructuring. 4, 132–136, 138, 139, 141, 142
Restructuring 130, 132, 134, 136–139, 142–145
revenue 23, 69, 252
revolution 31, 89, 232, 233, 235–237, 243–246, 251, 311, 313
revolutionary 3, 94, 99, 109, 113, 233, 236, 243
revolutions 5, 14, 232
Rhodesia 102
River Niger 332
Robert Michels 56
Rodney 36, 68, 76, 327, 329, 330, 335, 338, 347
Rome 19
Russia 50, 241, 388, 405, 411
Russian 207, 233, 241
Russian Orthodox Church 234
Russian Revolution 233
Rwanda 66
Sahara Africa 389
Sahel xi, 20, 365
Samir Amin 28
Samurai 237
SAT 217, 218, 219, 222
Saudi Arabia 145, 369, 370, 371
scepticism 314
school 117, 137, 198, 222, 335, 342, 373, 374, 404, 406, 411, 413
schools 14, 198, 215, 332–335, 342, 412, 413
science 13, 15, 16, 29, 32, 126, 154, 170, 195, 252, 260, 262, 314, 316, 327, 329, 330, 406, 410, 413, 417, 418, 420
scientific 13, 169, 174, 189, 231, 243, 259, 261, 264, 310, 313, 324, 410, 420
Scientific Revolution 314
Scottish 249
Second world War 240
security xii, xv, xvii, 8, 20, 50, 67, 69, 99, 131, 141, 196, 198, 201, 214, 251, 275, 276, 279, 280–282, 290, 364, 366–368, 370, 373, 375, 377, 383, 396, 397, 405, 411
Security Council 50, 385, 401
self-determination 47, 50, 51, 52, 130, 138, 142, 192, 238
self-reliancism 7
Self-Reliant 7, 327, 339
Senegal 20, 71, 225, 351, 361, 370, 384
Senghor 13, 14, 34, 35, 257, 261, 266
Seretse Khama 239, 240
sex 39, 46, 117, 356, 369–371, 373, 375, 388, 396, 415
sexual 118, 120, 124, 134, 368, 369, 371, 372, 378, 388
Sierra Leone 61, 373
Singapore, 252, 411
skills 26, 89, 197, 238, 244, 253, 254, 299, 303, 389, 392, 404–406, 408–415, 417–420
skin 86, 120, 136, 316, 322
Slave Market 400
slavery 12, 263, 311, 320, 321, 323, 378, 385, 387, 388, 394, 395, 401
slave trade 16, 20, 249, 331, 364
smallholder xv, 193, 195, 196, 197, 199, 210, 214–221, 223–225
social ix, xiii, xiv, xvi, xvii, xviii, 2–4, 7, 11– 18, 22–30, 32, 37–43, 45–52, 58, 68, 76, 78, 81, 85–88, 90, 91, 94–101, 103, 107, 108, 110–112, 115–124, 130, 131, 134, 136, 138–141, 150, 154, 157, 166, 172, 174, 175, 178, 182, 187, 188, 191, 192, 196–200, 202, 203, 211, 212, 215–217, 220–222, 224–226, 231, 236, 241, 243–245, 248, 251, 260, 270, 271, 275, 280, 284, 285, 310, 312–315, 317, 323, 324, 328–332, 334–337, 339–341, 343, 352–360, 364, 367, 370, 372, 374, 375, 378, 383, 384, 389, 392–394, 396, 397, 404, 405, 411, 415, 418
Social ix, xiii, xiv, xv, xvi, xvii, xviii, 1–3, 11, 14–16, 22–26, 33–36, 53, 54, 58, 59, 71, 75–77, 91, 92, 113, 115–119, 122, 125–129, 144, 150, 158, 162–164, 203–206, 208, 209, 211, 215, 217–221, 226, 243, 245, 249, 254, 255, 266, 274, 286–289, 326, 347, 356, 357, 361–363, 379, 380, 398, 399, 401, 415, 421
social contract xiv, 7, 140, 317, 352, 353, 355–358, 360, 397
social contract theory 7, 317, 352, 353, 355–357
social identities 3, 42, 115–124, 196
socialism 29, 234, 237
socialist 231, 234
socialists 24
social justice 131, 134, 136, 139, 140, 158, 175, 191
social sciences 2, 40, 310, 312, 315
society 11, 13, 16, 22, 24, 25, 27, 29, 30, 32, 56, 58, 60–63, 67–70, 78, 80, 81, 83, 88–91, 95, 98, 120, 121, 131, 134, 139, 140, 141, 165, 168, 175, 177, 182, 191, 197, 201, 202, 233, 235, 236, 238, 243, 252, 262, 284, 323, 324, 330–332, 334, 336, 338–340, 343, 345, 352, 354–358, 373, 393, 405, 412, 414, 417, 418, 420
socioeconomic 44, 48, 49, 120, 177
sociological 25, 117, 151, 152, 161
sociology ix, xiii, 11, 15, 22, 30–32, 39, 149, 150, 152, 161, 168, 215
socio-political xiv, 175
socio-polity 132, 137, 138, 139, 141
Soldier 106, 107, 111, 112, 114
solidarity 14, 15, 22, 24, 28–30, 112, 154, 156, 158, 159, 191, 221, 222, 240, 376
Somalia 89
songs 3, 95, 96, 98, 99, 100, 101, 103, 108, 110–112
Sophie Oluwole 151
South ix, xiv, xv, xvi, xvii, xix, 1, 3, 16, 18, 23, 25, 26, 35, 36, 53, 62, 64, 72, 75–78, 80–85, 87–93, 102, 106, 134, 135, 136, 143, 158, 163, 185, 186, 192, 196, 204, 206, 231, 234, 248, 252, 265, 294, 295, 302, 308, 351, 361, 365, 368, 370, 371, 384, 398, 399, 402, 404, 411
South Africa ix, xvii, 1, 3, 26, 64, 72, 75, 78, 80–82, 84, 85, 87, 89–91, 93, 102, 192, 294
South America 16, 351
Soviet Union 50, 411
Spatial proximisation 97
species 4, 18, 42, 47, 48, 51, 52, 149, 155–161, 315, 319
Spiral of Silence Theory 2, 57, 58, 69
Squatter Settlement Movement 192
Stalin 234
State capture 64
states 14, 15, 19, 20, 21, 24, 27, 47–49, 51, 61, 69, 83, 90, 94, 95, 106, 109, 118, 130, 135, 136–140, 160, 178, 189, 191, 202, 232, 238, 244, 248, 267, 269, 270, 275, 276, 279, 285, 303, 311, 312, 314–320, 322–324, 364, 366, 367, 368, 370–372, 377, 378, 382, 384, 395, 405, 413
States 41, 327, 329, 331, 336, 341, 359, 366, 369–371, 377, 380
stereotypes 116, 119–123
Stockholm 165
straight 118, 120, 124, 224, 370
subaltern 235
sub-Saharan 4, 26, 79, 83, 374, 382, 385, 389
sub-Saharan Africa 83, 382, 389
Sub-Saharan Africa 382
sub-Saharan African 4
Sudan 68, 213, 332
Sudanese 21, 389
sugarcane 200
Sustainable Agricultural Trust 217–219
Sweden 165, 300, 404, 413
Swedish 406
Switzerland 248, 408
Tahrir Square 20
Taiwan 252, 411, 422
Tanzania xvii, 72, 76, 274
tariffs 300, 307
tax 26, 62, 69, 240, 367
taxes 25, 69, 240
Teacher xviii, 101, 102, 107, 108, 114
technologies 15, 20, 69, 194, 197, 200, 201, 217, 219, 245, 254, 298, 367
technology 30, 69, 170, 210, 212, 216, 222, 224, 243–246, 250–252, 254, 271, 295, 298, 303, 327, 329–331, 337, 342, 345, 379, 404–415, 417–420
television xiv, 70
terrorism 49, 250, 383, 405
Thabo Mbeki, 64
Thaddeus Metz 41, 82, 88, 91, 157, 158, 159, 160
Thai 191
Thailand 411
Theresa May 248
Third World 16, 36, 209, 250, 286, 346, 399
Thomas Hobbes 356, 363
Thomas Jefferson 45, 233
Timbuktu 20
Togo 370–373, 378, 380, 381, 388
trade 12, 16, 20, 24, 25, 240, 245, 246, 249, 253, 290, 300, 303, 304, 306, 318, 331, 360, 364, 370, 371, 373, 376, 377, 378, 384, 388, 409
traditional 6, 14, 17, 18, 23, 25, 26, 56, 61–63, 66, 83, 103, 169, 179–181, 199, 222, 238, 259, 260, 261, 277, 332, 333, 336–338, 341, 343, 353, 373, 419, 420
trafficker 371, 376
trafficking 8, 20, 250, 364, 366, 368–378, 387, 388, 394, 395
training 8, 124, 222, 320, 366, 376, 405–407, 409–414, 417–420
transformation 2, 4, 11, 15, 18, 23, 24, 28, 89, 91, 236, 241, 244, 245, 253, 291, 313, 342
transnational xv, 15, 29–31, 51, 366, 367, 369, 371, 373, 376
tribe 25, 41, 44
Tuareg 20, 400
Tunisia 351
ubuntu 78–91, 160
Ubuntu 3, 53, 54, 78–80, 82–93, 156, 163, 171, 184, 185, 231
Uganda vi, ix, xv, xvi, 6, 66, 267–269, 271–279, 282, 284–289, 372
Ujamaa 72, 231
ulo 4, 151, 153–161, 164
UN Declaration 37–40, 42–45, 47–50, 52
underdeveloped 22, 40, 251, 297, 303, 305, 327, 329
underdevelopment 231, 232, 297, 305, 324, 327, 328, 340, 344, 367, 406
UNDP 178, 209, 227, 243, 255, 374, 382, 387
unemployment 141, 196, 297, 374, 395, 396, 404, 406, 407, 409–411, 413, 414
Unemployment 8, 373, 402, 404, 407, 415, 421
UNFCCC 177, 186, 194, 201, 209
Unitarianism 137
United Arab Emirates 68, 337
United Kingdom 50, 142, 184, 226, 248, 273, 369, 371, 411
United Nations 37, 50, 54, 102, 106, 110, 186, 191, 192, 227, 243, 244, 250, 255, 346, 364, 366, 368, 369, 372, 381–383, 385, 387, 388, 398, 400–402
United States 45, 46, 48, 50, 351, 359, 369, 370, 381, 388, 404, 411, 413
universalism 13
Universality 13
universities xv, xvi, 20, 28, 29, 118, 258, 410, 413
University of Lagos xii, xiii, xiv, xviii, 142, 422
University of the Witwatersrand ix, xiv, xvi, 1, 11, 73, 153, 361
University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, ix, 1, 153
unscientific 259
urban xiv, 5, 17, 19, 26, 32, 293, 297, 369, 374, 376, 383, 415, 416
urbanisation 5
urbanization 21, 26, 31, 373
US 31, 55, 59, 187, 194, 202, 268, 279, 302, 361, 364, 374, 382, 386, 388, 399, 402, 405, 409, 411
USA ix, 28, 72, 179, 184, 204, 206, 233, 294, 300, 404
USA, ix, 72, 233, 300
value 2, 3, 29, 57, 58, 66, 78, 80, 82, 83, 85, 95, 107, 118, 121, 149, 161, 166, 232, 244, 248, 276, 290, 291, 293, 296, 298–301, 304–307, 309, 311, 314, 318, 319, 321, 322, 324, 327, 328, 332, 335, 336, 339, 340, 385
veil of ignorance 353, 354, 356, 358, 361
Versailles 240
villages 17, 26, 195, 216, 217, 221, 273, 368
vocational 8, 392, 404–406, 408–413, 415, 417, 418–420
Walter Rodney 16, 28, 67, 329
wars 168, 210
water xvi, 18, 21, 177, 194, 196, 197, 199, 200, 216, 219, 220, 221, 280, 281, 305, 395, 406, 419
wa Thiong’o 152
weather 216, 218, 219
West xi, xii, 6, 7, 13, 26, 41, 61, 62, 113, 158, 163, 238, 255, 258, 262, 263, 312, 327, 329, 332–338, 340, 342, 351, 364–369, 371–381, 384, 388, 397, 402, 404
West Africa 351, 364, 367, 369, 384
West African 366, 373, 377
Western 45, 56, 61–63, 68, 74, 151–153, 164–166, 169–173, 177, 184, 189, 206, 249, 256, 257, 259, 260, 264, 266, 310, 311, 323, 324, 332, 335, 347, 376, 383, 400, 402, 411
Westphalia treaty 313
white 30, 46, 71, 89, 118, 120, 234, 236, 239, 263, 316, 319, 323, 418
white gay men 120
whiteness 124
white straight men 120
WHO 249, 250
William Wilberforce 249
Will Kymlicka 354
Wiredu 39, 40, 44, 54, 56, 73, 77, 85, 93, 168, 170, 171, 186, 259, 266, 341, 344, 347
woman 118, 278, 280, 282, 283
women xviii, 6, 8, 14, 17, 26, 46, 62–64, 111, 112, 117, 120, 187, 196–198, 202, 211, 217, 221, 222, 248, 267–273, 275–282, 284, 285, 364, 366, 369, 370, 372–376, 388, 412
Women vi, 6, 14, 31, 62, 117, 120, 126, 127, 192, 197, 205, 208, 211, 245, 255, 267, 272, 275, 277, 280–283, 285–289, 366, 369, 373, 378–381, 398–402
World Bank 68, 188, 226, 244, 248, 286, 287, 382, 387, 399, 400, 403, 421
World Trade Organization 247
World War 37, 43, 46–48, 50, 240, 305
World War II 37, 43, 46, 47, 48, 50
World War III 47
WTO 247
xenophobia 3, 42, 46, 49, 81, 85, 87, 88, 91, 263, 359, 360
Xian 19
Yoruba 92, 142, 144, 156, 162, 265, 368
youth ix, 8, 60, 69, 100, 211, 278, 388, 404, 405, 407, 409–414, 418–420
Youth 8, 201, 401, 404, 405, 415
Yugoslavia 413
Zambezi 196, 199, 207
Zambia xvii, 25
ZANU PF 220
Zimbabwe ix, xiii, xv, xvi, xvii, xix, 5, 6, 25, 66, 89, 187, 193–197, 200–202, 204–210, 214, 217, 220, 226, 240, 242, 290–293, 298–301, 305–309
Zimbabwean 52, 188, 193, 197, 200–203, 214, 290, 294, 295
Zimbabwe Climate Change Working Group 201
ZIMSOFF 202, 203
Zondo Commission 64
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Africa’s Radicalisms and Conservatisms

Volume II: Pop Culture, Environment, Colonialism and Migration

Series:  Annals of the International Institute of Sociology, Volume: 15
Cover Africa’s Radicalisms and Conservatisms
E-Book ISBN:
9789004523586
Publisher:
Brill
Print Publication Date:
07 Oct 2022
Front Matter
Introduction
Part 1 Pop Culture, Identities, Knowledge, and Politics
Part 2 Environment, Climate Change and Justice
Part 3 Colonialism and Globalization
Part 4 Migration and Economy
Back Matter

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