Index
Amnesty International
campaign to release Zheng Chaolin
1, 403
Ba Ren
Marxist humanist
307
Babeuf
39, 114
Bai Chongxi
warlord, a leader of the Guangxi clique
248
Bao Pu
4
Bauer, Bruno
314–317
Benes, Edvard
Czechoslovak president, deceived by Stalin to frame Tukhachevsky
280
Beria, Lavrentiy
280
Blanqui, Auguste
longest serving political prisoner until Zheng Chaolin broke his record
1, 404
Blücher (Blyukher), Vasily
Soviet general, chief military adviser in China, killed by Stalin
280
Bo Gu (Qin Bangxian)
leader of CCP with Wang Ming 1931–34
273n
tried to persuade Chen Duxiu to rejoin CCP
283–285
Bolshevik, journal
17, 136, 188, 406, 407
Borodin, Mikhail
clashed with Chen Duxiu
199
dismissed CCP leaders as abstract sloganisers
200
favoured political intrigue over theory
200
meddled in CCP affairs, usurping Voitinsky’s role
200
supported Qu Qiubai against Chen Duxiu
200
tried to send Chen Duxiu to Moscow
204
Brezhnev, Leonid
claimed USSR is advanced socialist society
333
Bu Shiqi
118, 196
Bukharin
ABC of Communism
5, 23, 161
supported socialism in one country
107
allied with Stalin against Trotsky
215
drafted Comintern programme
108, 217
drafted Soviet constitution
372
show trial of
410
Cai Hesen
early Communist leader while in France
4
‘model couple’ with Xiang Jingyu
122
reported Xiang Jingyu’s affair with Peng Shuzhi to the party
124
sworn enemy of Peng Shuzhi
125
ousted by Li Lisan after affair with Li’s wife
125–126
on standing committee of CCP
198
ordered Qu Qiubai to leave Guangzhou for indiscipline
200
head of propaganda department, held ‘real power’ in CCP
212
Cai Zhende
213, 214
Cannon, James P.
221
Cao Kun
warlord rival of Sun Yat-sen
132, 296
Chen Bilan
Peng Shuzhi’s long term companion
126–127, 198
Chen Boda
theory of bureaucratic capital
169
Chen Duanben
383
Chen Duxiu (Chen Zhongfu)
May Fourth movement and assault on Confucianism
260–261
founder of the CCP
5, 261
prestige in China equivalent to Lenin’s in Russia
109, 198
called for CCP to exit Guomindang in 1926
261
scapegoated for 1927 defeat of CCP
6
isolated at Fifth Congress of CCP
203–204
not sacked but resigned as General Secretary
204–205
expelled from CCP
223–224
faith in young Moscow returnees
235–236
financed Trotskyist publications
222
thought deeply before joining Trotskyists
220, 263, 407
General Secretary of unified Trotskyist organisation
240
impact of his conversion to Trotskyism on the CCP
7
clandestine style of work
232–235
jailed by Guomindang, freed after campaign by Hu Shi and others
251, 256
convinced China would defeat Japan
392
never planned to rejoin the CCP
258, 281–286
re-evaluated political positions at the end of his life
396–397
on the degeneration of the Soviet Union
277–278
remained committed to world revolution and Trotskyism to the end
277–278
revolutionary instincts compensated for theoretical shortcomings
262
never fully grasped permanent revolution
264
death
111
partial rehabilitation by CCP
274–275
Chen Jiongming
‘anarchist’ warlord who established work-study programme in France
4, 405
Chen Lifu
Guomindang official
254, 257
Chen Qiaonian
Chen Duxiu’s son, murdered by Guomindang
109, 207, 214
member of ‘Moscow faction’
5
despised Peng Shuzhi
199
love affair with Liu Renjing’s wife Shi Jingyi
130–131
Chen Qichang
revived Trotskyist organisation after Chen Duxiu’s arrest
252
thrown out of Trotskyist organisation by Liu Renjing
253
Chen Taoyi
Governor of Jiangsu Province
233
Chen Yannian
Chen Duxiu’s son, murdered by Guomindang
109
remained single his entire life
131
regional party secretary in Guangzhou
192
supported Borodin against his father
199–200
Chen Yimou
member of Our Word group
228
on Central Committee of Unified Trotskyists
240
arrested by Guomindang
244
Chen Zhongfan
academic, Chen Duxiu’s student
257–258
Chernishevsky
114
Chiang Kai-shek
launched Northern Expedition
201
April 1927 coup
182, 402
his militarism praised by Mao Zedong
298
Cliff, Tony
343
Combat journal
230–231
Combat group
232, 236
Comintern, (Communist International, Third International)
foisted slogans on Eastern countries
106
supplied ready-made ‘theory’ to the CCP
33
theory of national revolution
194
role in ousting Chen Duxiu
207
Communist League
Marx’s organisation
36–38, 43, 45, 103
Communist League of China
110
Democratic League
110, 173
Democratic Socialist Party
173
Deng Xiaoping
in Paris aged sixteen with Zheng Chaolin
1, 4
may have authorised Zheng Chaolin’s release
2
turned his back on Marxism
22
Deng Yanda
Nationalist officer, formed Third Party in 1930
272–273
Deng Zhongxia
192, 207, 209
Ding Ling
120
Dong Biwu
283–285
Dongli journal
226
Du Peilin
Du Peizhi’s brother
225–226
Du Peizhi
silk worker, Trotskyist leader, shot by Guomindang
225
Du Weizhi
228, 249
Duan Qirui
Warlord, sometime Premier of China
260, 296
Duan Ziliang
member of Our Word group
228
Engels
initial enthusiasm for Feuerbach
315
began study of economics before Marx
309
rated discovery of surplus value alongside that of oxygen
323
on planning under capitalism
301–302
late capitalism would make capitalists redundant
372
said force cannot prevent economic development
336–337
Far Eastern Bureau of the Comintern
and theory of ‘national revolution’
194
differences with Chen Duxiu
261
Feuerbach
317, 321–322, 324–326
Fourier, Charles
Utopian socialist
114
Frei
Zheng Chaolin’s only child, died of TB aged seven
24, 405
Fu Sinian
a leader of the May Fourth Movement
392
Gao Yuhan
272
Glass, Frank
South African Trotskyist in Shanghai
252
deputy editor of China Weekly Review
252
supported Liu Renjing against Chen Duxiu
253
stole back party printing press disguised as policeman
255
Chen Duxiu wrongly suspected he was a police agent
253
Gongchandang journal
195
Gorbachev
his reform programme did not mention socialism
354–355
political reform ahead of China’s but economic reform lagged
334
said USSR in the primary stage of socialism
333
Guide Weekly journal
17, 122, 188, 206, 409
Han Jun, Trotskyist
276
He Chang
128–130, 202
He Zishen
CCP leader in Hunan
207
Trotskyist, Chen Duxiu supporter
236
opposed Peng Shuzhi
199, 241
organised Trotskyist unification congress
238
arrested by Guomindang
213, 244
He Zizhen
collaborated with Guomindang after being arrested
254–255
Hegel
314–315, 320
Hilferding, Rudolf
355
Hitler
179, 371
Hongqi (Red Flag) journal
224, 271
Hu Qiuyuan
correspondence with Zheng Chaolin
375
meetings with Chen Duxiu
379
Hu Shi
called Chen Duxiu an ‘oppositionist for life’
2–3
stood bail for Chen Duxiu when he was jailed by Guomindang
256
Hu Wenzhang
Trotskyist, supporter of Liu Renjing
252–254
Huahuo (Spark) journal
241
Huang Ping (Huang Guozuo)
126, 136, 199
Internationalist Workers’ Party
8, 403
Isaacs, Harold
left the Comintern for the Trotskyists
252
wrote The Tragedy of the Chinese Revolution
254
Jiang Changshi
238, 244, 246
Jiang Guangchi
author of novel Des sans-culottes
199
ridiculed for petty bourgeois romanticism
118
tabloid rumour that Zheng Chaolin stole his wife
134–135
Jiang Zhendong
Trotskyist, arrested by Guomindang
238, 248–249
Joffe, Adolf
61
issued manifesto promising Soviet aid to Sun Yat-sen
270
said Lenin admitted Trotsky was right on permanent revolution
71, 270–271
suicide
71
Kadar, Janos
337
Kamenev
the leading Bolshevik in Russia following February Revolution
72
opposed Lenin in 1917
102
in triumvirate with Zinoviev and Stalin against Trotsky
201
joined the Opposition to Stalin
215, 411
qualified support for socialism in one country
372
Kang Youwei
late Qing dynasty reformer
260–261
Kautsky, Karl
82, 355, 397
Khrushchev
exposed Stalin’s fabrications
279–280
Kirov
murder of
279–280
Komsomol (Soviet Communist Youth League)
purged after supporting Trotsky on China
201
KUTV (Communist University of the Toilers of the East)
established in 1921
311
nearly half of its Chinese students supported Trotsky
228
Lenin
devised law of uneven development
271
wrote, in 1899, that Russia was on the capitalist road
53
workers and peasants not bourgeoisie would lead Russian revolution
56–57
amended views after February Revolution
347
his April Theses called for socialist revolution
347–348
differences with Trotsky
57–62
came round to Trotsky’s view in 1917
65
‘underestimated the peasantry’ as much as Trotsky
98
struggled against the ‘Old Bolsheviks’ to rearm the party
72–73
said dual power was the realisation of the democratic dictatorship
80–81
saw October Revolution as prelude to world revolution
78, 368–369
said world war would cause proletarian revolution in Europe
346–347
said Russian revolution was doomed without European revolution
351
advocated state capitalism in transition period
358, 359, 371
hoped to abolish the standing army
299
thought finance capital was final stage of capitalism
156
did not foresee cadreist counterrevolution
369–370
called for Stalin to be removed as General Secretary
357
premature death undermined fight against bureaucracy
372
Li Dazhao
head of CCP northern region
192
followed Chen Duxiu on everything
198
role in May Fourth Movement
274
Li Hongzhang
late Qing official
173
Li Lisan (aka Li Longzhi)
ousted Cai Hesen after Cai’s relationship with his wife
125–126
dismissed Zheng Chaolin and other Chen Duxiu supporters
212
leader of Shanghai General Labour Federation
213
‘third left’ adventurist line of
273
Li Peize
Wang Ruofei’s lover, sent to Moscow to split them up
133–134
Li Weihan
in France with Zheng Chaolin, later head of CCP United Front Department
4
had supported Chen Duxiu but abandoned him after Fifth Congress
204
tried to reconcile Zheng Chaolin with CCP government after 1949
8
Li Weinong
118
Li Yichun
married to Li Lisan, affair with Cai Hesen
125–126
Li Zheshi
head of Hubei Women’s Association, relationship with Luo Yinong
129
Li Zongren
warlord, one of the the leaders of Guangxi clique
248
Liang Ganqiao
Trotskyist, member of Our Word group
238
thwarted in leadership ambitions, defected to Guomindang
247–248
Liang Qichao
Chinese reformist politician
261, 392
Liebknecht, Karl
like Chen Duxiu, a great revolutionary but weak on theory
262
Lin Boqu
283–284
Liu Bojian
206, 212, 214
Liu Bozhuang
Chen Duxiu supporter
213
supported Peng Shuzhi in Trotskyist organisation
237
Liu Jialiang
Trotskyist, Liu Renjing supporter
252
jailed by the Guomindang
253
seized by Vietcong, died in prison in Vietnam
254
Liu Jingzhen
Zheng Chaolin’s wife
8
underground work
8, 251–252
imprisoned by CCP in 1952, released in 1957
8
interrogated by Red Guards during Cultural Revolution
8
Frei, her only child, died of TB aged seven
405
died in 1979, shortly after Zheng Chaolin’s release
405
Liu Renjing
editor of China Youth
130
depressed after his wife left him for Chen Qiaonian
131
Trotskyist but clashed with younger comrades
230
delivered Trotsky’s draft programme to China
217
rejected work inside CCP, openly declares he is a Trotskyist
228
unstable theoretical positions of
266
set up his own group and journal
230–231
friendship with Zheng Chaolin
229
took over leadership of Trotskyists, expelled Chen Duxiu
253
treachery and collaboration with Guomindang after arrest
254
Liu Shaoqi
193, 202
Liu Yi
Trotskyist, jailed by Guomindang
248–249
Liu Yin
Moscow returnee, Trotskyist, member of Combat group
228, 230, 232, 237
Lominadze, Vissarion
replaced Roy as Comintern representative in China
205
Lou Shiyi
Communist poet, wrote pen portrait of Zheng Chaolin
11–14
Lu Dingyi
202
Lu Mengyi
Trotskyist, defected to Guomindang
247
Lu Xun
rebuked CCP-influenced literati for attacking Chen Duxiu
387
Lu Yiyuan
Trotskyist, member of Our Word group
228
Luo Han
Trotskyist, probably member of October group
238–239
falsely accused by CCP of collaboration with Japan
275
open letter to Zhou Enlai proposing joint work against Japan
282–284
Luo Shifan
Trotskyist
226, 236
jailed by Guomindang at same time as Chen Duxiu
255
part translated The Revolution Betrayed
259
Luo Yinong
a leader of CCP ‘Moscow clique’
196–197
a ‘semi-Chen Duxiu-ite’
206–207
in love with Chen Bilan who left him for Peng Shuzhi
126–128, 198
affair with He Chang’s wife, Zhu Youlun
128–129
led Autumn Harvest Uprising
128
killed by the Guomindang
207
Luo Zhanglong
leading member of CCP labour movement faction
193, 202, 204, 407
Luxemburg, Rosa
influence on Zheng Chaolin’s later views
344, 365
Ma Renzhi
Manager of Hubin bookshop, won to Trotskyism by Peng Shuzhi
222–223
warned Trotskyists of impending arrest by Guomindang
247
Ma Yinchu
378
Ma Yufu
labour movement work
223
on leadership body of Trotskyists
225
withdrew from leadership
236
became an informer
243, 245–246
Mao Dun
published Chen Duxiu’s prison reflections
255
Mao Zedong
favoured armed struggle over mass movement
288, 297–298
lauded militarism of Chiang Kai-shek and Sun Yat-sen
298
admitted revolution was on the ebb in 1928
298
followed Stalin on importance of cadres
288
planned huge numbers of cadres to direct the masses
292, 293
imprisoned Trotskyists
1
inherited Stalinist system
302–303
two-stage theory of revolution
143
did not say proletariat should lead national revolution
196
privately criticised Moscow trials
258
unwittingly confirmed theory of permanent revolution
19
Marco Polo Bridge Incident
256
Marx
was not a Marxist but a Young Hegelian in 1844
314–315
1844 manuscripts do not support class struggle
319–320
abandoned humanism in 1845
327
discarded concept of alienation after discovering surplus value
321
early writings used by reactionaries
314
invented theory of permanent revolution
37–38, 43
realised, after 1848, that German bourgeoisie cannot lead the revolution
41–43
abandoned faith in German petty bourgeoisie
46
called for workers’ governments after 1848
43–44
as ‘guilty’ as Trotsky of ‘underestimating the peasantry’
97
did not foresee monopoly capitalism
356–357
said market economy incompatible with socialism
373–374
Mensheviks
thought liberal bourgeoisie would lead Russian revolution
26
consigned proletariat to supporting role in revolution
54–55
Merchants’ Volunteer Corps
242
Militant newspaper
230
Miliukov, Pavel
Russian bourgeois politician
84
Mingtian
journal published by Liu Renjing
230–231
Mu Qing
199
Nagy, Imre
Hungarian Communist leader executed after 1956 uprising
337
Napoleon
30, 87
Nashe Slovo journal
227
New Banner (Xin qi)
Trotskyist journal briefly published after 1949
403, 408
New Youth (Xin qingnian/La Jeunesse)
famous magazine edited by Chen Duxiu
109, 405, 409
Noulens
Soviet couple, Comintern agents, jailed by the Guomindang
250
October (Shiyue) journal
230
October group
230, 232, 238–239
Old Bolsheviks
clung to outdated formulas, politically close to Mensheviks in 1917
72–75
many agreed with Plekhanov on Russian Revolution
346
Oriental Book Company
17, 233, 257
Ou Fang
Trotskyist, leading member of Our Word group
228
died in Guomindang jail
249
Our Word journal
227
Our Word group
231–232, 236–237, 239, 247–248
Pan Gugong
Guomindang leftist
247
Parvus, Alexander
revived theory of permanent revolution
68
his 1905 call for workers’ government mistakenly attributed to Trotsky
99
Peng Daozhi
Peng Shuzhi’s brother, died in Guomindang jail
255
Peng Guiqiu
warned Trotskyists of impending arrest
242–243
Peng Shuzhi
studied in Moscow but not France
4
discouraged Zheng Chaolin from learning Russian in Moscow
4
CCP central committee head of propaganda
192
disliked by many comrades
199, 202
nicknamed Confucius, meaning ineffectual bookworm
197
dogmatic views of
19
said China only had the ghost of a bourgeoisie
196
and theory of national revolution
194–196
leadership ambitions
197–199
on CCP Standing Committee (Presidium)
198
expelled from CCP
224
did not grasp permanent revolution
265
jailed by Guomindang
255
released by Guomindang as Japanese advanced on Nanjing
257
opposed unification congress of Trotskyists
240
wrote an affectionate portrait of Zheng Chaolin despite differences
14–15
Plekhanov
father of Russian Marxism
345
refuted Populism (Narodism)
53
a great theoretician who failed practical test in 1917
262
many Old Bolsheviks shared his views in 1917
345–346
Preobrazhensky
5, 16, 17, 18
Proletarian journal
226, 266
Proletarian group
235, 236, 238
Pu Dezhi (Pu Qingquan)
Trotskyist, member of October group
238
began translation of The Revolution Betrayed
259
jailed by Guomindang
255
released by Guomindang as Japanese advanced
257
jailed by CCP in 1952, recanted and was released
218
claimed Chen Duxiu planned to rejoin CCP
281
Qu Qiubai
supported Chiang Kai-shek’s Northern Expedition
201
member of Comintern loyalist faction
406
wavered after reading Trotsky’s criticisms
221
plotted against Chen Duxiu behind the scenes
201
wrote pamphlet against Peng Shuzhi
201
affair with Yang Zhihua
119–121
captured (and killed) by the Guomindang in Fujian
134
praised Zheng Chaolin’s ‘excellent’ translations
384
Radek, Karl
leading oppositionist, principal of Sun Yat-sen University
227
claimed some of Lenin’s attacks on Trotsky were directed at him
71–72
show trial of
410
Ren Bishi
General Secretary of Youth League
201
nicknamed ‘girl student’ in Moscow
118–119
Ren Xu
Chen Duxiu supporter
206
Ren Zuomin
secretary to CCP Central Committee
233
only person who knew Chen Duxiu’s secret hideout
234
Robespierre
87, 114
Rousseau
114
Roy, M.N.
Comintern representative in China 1927
202, 204, 205
Rykov
Old Bolshevik
72
show trial of
410
Salvation Society
110
Shachtman, Max
views on Soviet Union close to Zheng Chaolin’s
19–20, 343
Shen Bingquan
sympathetic prison official
250–251
Shen Xuanlu (Shen Dingyi)
120–121
Shenbao newspaper
256
Shi Cuntong
had breakdown after wife left him for Zhang Tailei
119
Shi Jingyi
Liu Renjing’s wife
126
scandal of affair with Chen Qiaonian
130–131
Shi Tang
200, 208
print worker, Trotskyist, member of Our Word group
228, 237
quit active politics to become a teacher
248
Si Chaosheng
Trotskyist
252–254
Snow, Edgar
252
Song Fengchun
Trotskyist, member of October group
232
on Central Committee of unified Trotskyist organisation
240
arrested by Guomindang
255
Song Jingxiu
Trotskyist jailed by Guomindang, died in prison
248–249
Spinoza
332
Stalin
adopted Socialism in One Country six months after denouncing it
90–91, 368
distorted Lenin’s views on socialism in one country
91–93
scapegoated Chen Duxiu for 1927 defeat
6, 207
said ‘cadres determine everything’
290
provided the model for Mao’s cadreism
292
unlike Lenin, saw the Red Army as a pillar of the Soviet regime
299
unsustainable rule by terror
301
a Russian Thermidorean more reactionary than the French originals
353
his theories were refuted by events of 1989
411
Sun Chuanfang
Nanjing-based warlord, ‘Commander of the Five Provinces’
233
Sun Hongyi
376–377, 379, 380–383
Sun Jiyi
380, 383, 385–386, 393, 399
Sun Yat-sen
signed Sun-Joffe manifesto agreeing Soviet aid
270
a militarist with no faith in the masses
296
feigned pro-Soviet views to obtain military aid
296
Sun Yat-sen University
and origins of Chinese Trotskyism
227
Tan Pingshan
in leadership troika with Zhang Guotao and Qu Qiubai
203
Comintern considered a possible replacement for Chen Duxiu
204
Tang Baolin
biographer of Chen Duxiu
388, 391
Tang Youren
Guomindang politician
275, 280
Tao Xisheng
Guomindang official
257
Trotsky
found the idea of permanent revolution in Marx’s writings
36
opposed Lenin’s ‘democratic dictatorship’ slogan
58
on the 1905 Revolution
267
thought peasant revolution could only win if led by proletariat
59
devised law of combined development
271
extended permanent revolution theory from Russia to world
103
past disputes with Lenin magnified by Old Bolsheviks
65
saw fate of Russian revolution as inseparable from world revolution
349
thought Chen Duxiu a great revolutionary but no theoretician
260
took part in 1927 anti-Stalin demonstrations
227
expelled from Soviet party after defeat of Chinese revolution
227, 354
recognised that the Chinese revolution was defeated in 1927
263
proposed campaign for National Assembly in China after 1927
272
urged Chinese Trotskyists to unite
7
believed Soviet Union remained a workers state
372
failed to see that cadres might lead counterrevolution
370
Tu Yangzhi
223
Tukhachevsky, Mikhail
Soviet general killed by Stalin
280
Voitinsky, Grigory
Comintern representative in China
200
said China’s revolution was a ‘national revolution’
194, 200
adhered to two stage theory of revolution
194
called Guomindang a multi-class party
194
labelled opportunist by Komsomol leaders
201
resigned as Comintern representative
205
Vyshinsky
Soviet prosecutor who fabricated evidence for show trials
279
Wang Bian
affair with Yin Kuan caused scandal
131–132
Wang Fanxi
campaigned to free Zheng Chaolin from CCP jail
1
wrote a critique of Mao’s thought
15
became a Trotskyist while studying in Moscow
228
member of October group
230, 238
on Central Committee of unified Trotskyists
240
jailed by Guomindang
244
on outsize role of Trotskyists in spreading Marxist ideas in China
17
on Zheng Chaolin’s literary talent
9
on Zheng Chaolin’s stoicism and indifference to his personal fate
10
sent by Trotskyists to Hong Kong and so escaped Mao’s roundup
403
Wang Jingwei
Guomindang leftist, later collaborated with Japan
203, 234, 378–379, 385, 387
Wang Maoting
211
Wang Mengzou
204
owner of Oriental Book Company
17, 233–234, 257
Wang Ming
97, 237
arch-Stalinist trained in Moscow
4, 15
fanatical hostility to Trotskyism
285
Stalin’s agent in CCP
112
became Mao’s main rival in CCP
111
Wang Pingyi
delivered Trotskyist writings to China
218
Wang Ruofei
secret Trotskyist sympathiser in CCP
5
head of CCP Secretariat
201
leader of Chen Duxiu supporters in CCP
208
faction fight with Qu Qiubai
406
love affair with Li Peize
133–134
suspected of Trotskyism, detained in Moscow
213
tried to restore Chen Duxiu to CCP Central Committee
207
trusted Zheng Chaolin completely
211–212
provided Trotsky with information about China
215–216
Wang Shuben
221
Liu Renjing supporter
252–253
murdered by Guomindang and CIA
255
Wang Yizhi
affair with Zhang Tailei
119
Wang Zekai
Peng Shuzhi supporter
199, 214
expelled from CCP
224
Wang Zhihuai
Trotskyist railway worker, member of Proletarian group
237–238
arrested by Guomindang
244
Workers and Peasants Party
110
Wu Jiyan
Chen Duxiu’s nephew
218
returned from Moscow a Trotskyist
228
secretary of CCP propaganda department
228
expelled from CCP
218
secretary of Trotskyist central committee
235
jailed by Guomindang
249
Wu Peifu
warlord rival of Sun Yat-sen
296
Xiang Jingyu
Cai Hesen’s wife
122
serious and strict, nicknamed Granny
122
affair with Peng Shuzhi
123–124
sent to Moscow by CCP to appease Cai Hesen
124
killed by Guomindang in Wuhan
126
Xiang Ying (Xiang Delong)
a labour organiser
193, 213
rivalry with Li Lisan
213
leader of New Fourth Army
134
Xiang Zhongfa
CCP General Secretary in name only
212
said villages dominate towns not vice versa
263
shot by the Guomindang
251
Xiao Zizhang
199, 201
Xin qi (New Banner), Trotskyist newspaper
138, 142, 147
Xinhua ribao, CCP newspaper
275, 282–284
Xue Nongshan
378–379, 381–382, 386
Yan Fu
renowned translator of Wealth of Nations etc.
310
Yan Lingfeng
Trotskyist
241–242
Yang Zhihua
affair with Qu Qiubai
119, 120
divorce from Shen Xuanlu’s son
120
featured in tabloid gossip column
121
Ye Jianying
chief of staff of Fourth Army in Northern Expedition
282
CCP representative in Nanjing in 1937
282
talks with Luo Han on CCP-Trotskyist cooperation
283
negotiations with Chen Duxiu
284
Ye Yonglie
science fiction writer, described Zheng Chaolin in old age
2
Yin Kuan
core member of CCP Moscow faction, Trotskyist
5
a founder member of Communist Youth Party in France
401
delivered Soviet opposition documents to China
215
role in converting Chen Duxiu to Trotskyism
216–217, 263
did not understand theory of permanent revolution
265
imprisoned by the Guomindang, absconds while on bail
248–249
member of Trotskyist leadership
225
smoothed path to unification of Trotskyist groups
231–232
thrown out of Trotskyist organisation by Liu Renjing
253
love affair with Wang Bian raised a storm
131–132
Yu Mutao
wrongly suspected of being an informer
242–243
Yu Shouyi
Trotskyist, Zheng Chaolin’s cellmate
185
Zeng Guofan
Qing dynasty official
311
Zhandou (Combat), Trotskyist journal
230
Zhang Bojian
193
Zhang Boling
renowned educator, bailed Chen Duxiu out of jail
256
Zhang Guotao
leader of labour movement clique in CCP
193
‘workerist’ views of
193
on CCP Standing Committee
198
a ‘schemer and intriguer’
201
Zhang Shi
Trotskyist, Our Word group
228
defected to the Guomindang
247
Zhang Tailei
studied in Moscow but opposed Moscow faction
193
General Secretary of Youth League
201
affair with Wang Yizhi caused a scandal
119
Zhang Te
Trotskyist, member of Our Word group
228
escaped arrest while handcuffed
244
quit Trotskyists, became an official in Guangxi
248
Zhang Yisen
He Zishen’s wife, jailed by the Guomindang
212, 215
Zhang Zhidong
Qing dynasty official
173
Zhang Zuolin
warlord of Manchuria, ally of Sun Yat-sen
296
Zhao Ji
Trotskyist, member of Combat group
230, 232, 241, 276
Zhao Shiyan
founder member of Communist Youth Party in France
401
effective head of CCP northern region
192
disliked Peng Shuzhi
202
Zheng Chaolin
biography/obituary
401–405
brief autobiography
405–412
inspired by the May Fourth Movement
3
became a Communist on work-study programme in France
4
studied in Moscow
4
Secretary of CCP Propaganda Department
5
translation of ABC of Communism hugely influential in China
5, 17
editor of CCP journals Guide Weekly and Bolshevik
17
sacked for unorthodox editorials in Bolshevik
209–210, 212
expelled by CCP in 1929
7, 224
on Central Committee of unified Trotskyists
240
memoirs published in PRC for officials only in 1986
191
a political prisoner for thirty-four years
1
never abandoned Trotskyism
8
literary talent
177, 401
only child, Frei, died aged seven
405
wife
see Liu Jingzhen
Zhou Enlai
studied in France at same time as Zheng Chaolin
4
offered Trotskyists the chance to recant
229
discussions with Chen Duxiu in 1929
263
Zhou Lüqiang (‘Little Zhou’)
376
Zhu Guangqian
Marxist humanist
307
Zhuang Wengong
192
Zinoviev
opposed Lenin in 1917
73
in ruling triumvirate with Kamenev and Stalin
201
joined opposition to Stalin
215
took part in 1927 demonstration against Stalin
227
expelled from Communist Party
227
show trial of
410
Zuo Zongtang
Qing dynasty official
311