1 Hierarchical concepts embedded in Chinese disyllabic compound words 30
2 Concepts of hierarchy, Confucian ethics, and order contained in four-syllable Chinese phrases 31
3 Comparison of the codability of relatives of modern Chinese and modern English peer-based relatives of the same generation 39
4 Two different gaps – lexical gap and conceptual gap 51
5 Conceptual gap items in different languages 56
6 Conceptual gap items in Canadian English 60
7 Conceptual gap items in Singaporean Chinese 62
8 Corresponding relationships between two languages for an item with a cultural meaning 76
9 The evolution of the meaning of head in different languages 86
10 Comparison of dictionary definitions of hóng
11 A comparison of the interpretation of yī
12 Seme analysis of jǔ
13 A combination of cultural sememe and cultural seme analysis of wūyā
14 Cultural seme analysis of huánɡsè
15 Some interpretations of cultural semantics in the CPLD (Lǔ 2006: 12) 181
16 Cultural systems reflected by cultural semantics 182
17 Examples of special concept words in dictionaries 184
18 Annotation of holidays in the CPLD 185
19 A word in the CPLD with uninterpreted special cultural meanings 187
20 Annotation of the word lónɡtóu
21 Annotation of yī
22 Problems in the annotation of cultural semantics in the CPLD 191
23 An example of target words and their related words 194
24 Parameters for the annotation of bāofú
25 Example of Chinese word lóng