This book is the English translation of my PhD thesis, earned in the history of ideas and published in Swedish in 2015. Multidisciplinary at its essence, it merges perspectives and approaches from art as well as book and media history with those from the history of science and ideas. While the chapters have been directly translated into English and thereafter somewhat altered, I have chosen to rewrite the introduction and conclusion altogether. As I have wanted to do justice to the works and debates that inspired and assisted the research I undertook as a PhD student between 2010 and 2015, I have only made moderate updates to the bibliography of this book during my review of the manuscript. Nevertheless, since much has happened since 2015 in the field of cultural looting and collection studies, I have wanted to acknowledge this by including a selection of recent works that have been important to the internationalisation of my topic. All in all, this means that particularly my discussion of previous scholarship and methodology has a certain temporality to it. My hope is that this temporality provides the reader with a useful historiographical gaze on the field(s).