Indexes
Index of quoted texts and passages
Hittite Texts Quoted by CTH
CTH
1
87, 92, 94
2
94
3
114
4
118, 143, 215
4.i
211
5
120, 169
6
117, 169, 211, 215
7
211, 215, 375
8
119
13
260
14
143
16
169
19
116, 120, 143, 170, 215
19.i
211
19, i 7–12
118
20
216n21
21
144n119, 216, 221
21.i
212
21.i–ii
170
22
216n21
25
144n120, 172
26
172, 212, 212n10, 219, 221, 221n34
29
172, 212, 221
29.A
221
40
131, 132
41
128, 212n11, 221
41.i
212
41.i.1
222, 222n38
41.i.2.A
222
42 §§ 25–26
114n22
46
212
49
212n11, 224
49.i
212
49.ii
225
51
212n11, 223
51.i
212
52
212n11, 223
52.i
212
53
212, 224, 225
61.i–ii
133
62
212n11, 224
62.AA
212
66
212, 224
67
133
68
133
68.C
224n47
69
133
75
128n65, 212
75.A
213n14
77
212
81
134n79, 135
88
213n14
91
135, 212
92
212, 224
96
221
106
135
106.i.1
220
110
212
112–114
212
135
212
137–139
129
144
129, 142
146
129
147
129n69
153–170
212
172–174
212
179
212
187
211
193
212
212.1
220
222
212
262
138
263
138
270
390n104
284
333
291
175
291 (= Laws, series if a man) § 5
122, 318
291 (= Laws, series if a man) § 5:19–21
88
291 (= Laws, series if a man) § 19a
123, 318n16
291 (= Laws, series if a man) § 22
123
291 (= Laws, series if a man) § 23
88, 123
291 (= Laws, series if a man) § 31
67
291 (= Laws, series if a man) § 33
67
291 (= Laws, series if a man) §§ 19a–b
124n53
291 (= Laws, series if a man) §§ 19–21
122–124
291 (= Laws, series if a man) §§ 21–22
124n53
291 (= Laws, series if a man) §§ 22–23
122, 124
292
175
299–309
227
310
87, 229
311
229
312.i
230, 231
312.ii
231
313
231
314
190, 231
315
190, 203n56
315.C
229
316
230
341–353
263
341
161n5
341.i
231
341.i.1.A–D
231
341.i.2
231
341.i.3
231
341.ii
265
343
267
344
267
345
267
346
268
346.5.A
268
347.1
232
348
267
349
268
350.3.A
268
351
268
360
269
361.i
269
361.ii
269
361.iii
232n86, 269
362
269
363
278
364
267
370.ii
267, 269, 269n39
372
231
373
231
374
231
381
85n45, 134, 382n76, 394
395
333, 340
409
153, 288
412
155
415
371n40
419–421
239
422
239
432
237, 239, 240
461.L
239
471–500
263
490
146, 264, 273, 274
531–560
233
531
234
532
234
532.i
233n91
532.i.1
234
533
233n92, 234
533.i
233n91
533.3.B
234
534
234
534.i
233n91
534.i.1.A
234
535
234
535.4
236
536
234
537
234, 239, 425
537.i
233n91
537.i.15
235
538–540
235
538.i
233n91, 236n101
538.ii.1
236n101, 277
540.i
233n91
541
233n91, 236
542
233n91, 236
543
236
543.i
233n91
544
236
545
236
545.i
233n91
546
233n91, 237
547
233n92, 237
547.i
233n91
548
233n91, 238
549
238
549.a
233n91
549.b
233n92
550
233n91, 238
551
233n91, 239
552
233n92, 239
553
233n91, 238
554
233n91, 238
555
233n91, 238
556
233n91, 238
560
239
560.i
233n91
576
239
590
270
591
245, 250, 256n42
591.ii.A
244
591.ii.A ii 18–19
244n8
591.ii.B i 10′
244n8
591.ii.D i 6′
244n8
591.iv.D
244
591.iv.D
244
627
251
628
276
628.Tf08.A
276
639
251
643
315
656
277
661
116
665
290n14
670.1217
270
690–694
288
698–706
263
700
275
701
275
701.a
275
701.b
276
701.d
276
701.e
276
701.f
276
701.f.4.B
276
710–722
263
717
278
718
240
725–749
249
725
244, 251, 256n43
725.A
245
726
244, 251, 256n43
727
250n22, 251, 319
728
250
729
250
730
250
732
251
733
250, 250n22
735
250
737
250, 256, 257n44
738
250, 251
739
250
740
250
741
250, 251
742
250
743
250, 251
744
251
745
250
746
250
750
315
751–754
314
751
314, 315, 316n11, 319, 321n21, 329n44, 365
752
314, 316n11, 319, 324, 328, 330
753
314
753–754
316n11
754
315, 319
757
153n161, 289
757–773
287
758
153
758–763
287
759–761
153
761
288
764–766
155, 289, 413
771–772
154
771–773
290, 291
772
293
774
236n101, 277
774–791
263
775
269
776
269
776.1
269
776.2
269
777–778
146, 272
777
278
777.8
264, 273
778.i
273, 278
779
149, 265, 275
780–781
146, 264, 273
782
275
783
274
784
274
785
276
785.1.B
269
785.2.B
268n31
786
277
787
277
788
146, 264, 273, 274
789
145, 270
790
275
791
275, 278
792.1
231
792.2
231
793
193, 231
794
192, 231
795
190, 231
796
232
800
191, 195, 195n17, 196n19, 199, 203
800.1
191
800.2
191
800.3
191
800.4
191
801
191, 193, 240
801.3
190
801.4
193
802
240
803
240
804
240
805
240
805.1
192
805.2
192
806
240
806.1
193
806.2
193
806.3
192
806.4
193
807
190
808
240, 425
809
241
810
241
811
241
812
191, 192, 241
813
193, 194
814
230
815
228n58
819
190–194, 229
Hittite Cuneiform Sources Quoted by Tablet or Publication Number
544/f
220
ABoT
1.43
193
2.247
270
2.255+
192
Bo
503
197
3476
239n116
8341
319
DAAM
1.11
147, 148, 264, 278
1.14
267
1.29
272
DBH 46.101+ ii 10/14
330n44
HKM
52:25
371
74
156, 307n41
80:5
371
HT
13 (+) KUB 4.26B (+) KUB 37.112
191, 191n5
13(+)
195
IBoT
1.36 i 65–66
351
2.36
317
2.129 obv. 23
379
KBo
1.1+
223
1.1+ obv. 15
223
1.1+ rev. 55′–56′
339
1.2
223
1.3+ obv. 41
223
1.3+ rev. 24′
339
1.3+ rev. 45′
338n24
1.4+ i 9
225
1.5
222, 222n39
1.5 i 20–21
222
1.5 i 22
222
1.5 iii 56, 62
223
1.5 iii 60, iv 10
223
1.5 iv 34, 36
223
1.6 obv. 6–7
213n14
1.11
168
1.11 obv.! 14′
375n54
1.11 obv.! 20′
375n54
1.11 rev.! 14
375n54
1.11 rev.! 15
375n54
1.11 rev.! 17
375n54
1.11 rev.! 18
375n54
1.11 rev.! 31
375n54
1.12
230, 231
1.12 rev. 7′–16′
231
1.14
215n19
1.14 obv. 7′
226
1.18
193, 196n22, 198, 240n127
1.31 obv. 11′
228n62
1.41
203n56
3.1+KUB 11.1 i 4, 15, 25–26
217
3.4 iii 32–33
139
3.21
231
3.22
94, 97, 97n95,
3.22 obv. 10
409n21
3.22 obv. 33–35
95
3.22 obv. 41
95
3.27 obv. 28′–31′
120n38
3.34 ii 15–16
119n37
3.34 iii 15′–19′
119
3.46+
340
3.57
170n24
3.59
170n25
3.60
169
4.11 obv. 22
290n14
4.11 obv. 29
380n72
4.11 obv. 30
285n2
4.13
97n93
5.2 iii 29
379
5.7
212
5.13 ii 11′
224n47
6.3 § 19a
318n16
6.4
176, 318
6.4 i 22
387n97
6.28 obv. 6–15
131
6.28+ rev. 28–29
213n14
7.1+
126n58, 192, 200
7.2+
192
7.4
238
7.14+
126n58, 172
7.15+
216n20
8.17:5′
385n85
8.86+
276
8.88 obv. 8
269
8.130 iii 6
414
8.153
275
9.44
231
9.49 obv.? 14′
394
9.137+
273, 278
10.1 obv. 6
217
10.1 obv. 13
217
10.1 obv. 14
218
10.1 obv. 22
218
10.1 obv. 35
217
10.1 obv. 36
218
10.1 obv. 48
218
10.1 rev. 13–14
217
10.1 rev. 24–25
217
10.2 i 27
217
10.12+
225
10.12+ ii 26′
226
10.12+ ii 30′
225
10.12+ ii 31′
226
11.19+
274
12.38(+)
136
12.38(+) iii 2′
387n98
12.70+
230n69
12.72
190
12.73+
190, 197
12.106+ i 1
321n21
12.128
230
12.128:5′
230
12.260
398
13.29
236
13.32
235
13.33
235
13.37
193, 196
13.37 rev. 10′–12′
193n13
13.147
340
14.51
194
15.1 iv 25′, 32′, 38′
275
16.50 obv. 14
390n104
16.97+
233
19.2+
175
19.96+
216n20
19.98
191, 195, 202, 229
19.99
229
19.144+
274
19.152 i 12
368
19.152 i 17
326n38
19.153 iii 7, 19
368
19.153+ iii 13
330n44
19.155:6
367
20.129+
272
21.1 i 1
154
21.15:4′
387n95
21.41 rev. 24
387n95
21.41 rev. 30, 33
387n95
21.41 rev. 31
387n95
21.44 iv 12′
272n61
22.62+
175
22.87
268
24.29 iii 6
389
25.2+
236
25.85+
175
26.5+
203n56, 228n55
26.6+
203n56
26.20 ii 39–41
228
26.56
228n55
27.7:7
365
27.31
97n93
27.215
236n101, 277
28.110+
222
29.3+ i 1
289n10
29.3+ iii 17′
302
29.6(+) i 23′–24′
301
29.52 r. col. 4′
304
30.164 iii 6′
387n98
31.169
270
31.169 obv. 8′
386
32.12
271
32.14
271
32.14 ii 43
387n98
32.14 obv. 23 ff.
271n55
32.223
277
34.64:3′
387n95
34.133(+)
238
36.11
192
36.13
191, 196n19
36.14
194
36.15
191
36.16
191
36.17
193
36.18
194
36.19
191
36.20
193
36.21
191
36.24
193
36.26
232
36.36
236
36.46+
236n101
36.47
234, 239
37.21
248
40.20+ l.c. 3′
371n38
40.103
191
47.62
236
48.178+
317n11
49.60
277
53.233
269n39
57.180
270
62.54
277
68.190
223n43
71.78
90
71.81
65, 95, 118, 164, 362n19
71.95
95
KUB
1.11 obv. 16–17
218
1.17
245, 256n42
1.17 iii 48–49
244
2.2+ ii 38–39
245
2.13 v 2
244
3.1a(+)
223
3.125
227
4.1
239
4.2
190, 196n22, 230
4.4
190, 196n22, 202
4.5+
190, 196n22, 197
4.6(+)
190, 196n22
4.7
190, 196n22, 201
4.8(+)
190, 196n22
4.10
193, 196n22
4.11
193, 196n22, 200
4.16
192
4.23
193
4.24
193, 196n22, 200
4.26(+)
196n22
4.26A
191n5
4.26B(+)
191, 191n5
4.39
190, 196n22
4.40
230
4.41
190, 195, 196n22
4.45
237
4.53
234, 235, 235n99
4.63
234
4.64+
234
4.66
238
4.67 ii 2′–7′
235n101
4.72 rev. 6–7
238
4.97
190, 196n22, 229
5.24 ii 47
387n93
6.24 obv. 6′
385n85
6.45
382n76, 394
6.46
382n76
6.46 iv 23
394
7.53+ ii 10, 17
387
7.53+ ii 12
387
7.54 i 4
378n66
7.58 iv 2, 9
275
8.28
236, 340
8.32
278
8.34+
238
8.35
236
8.47
277
8.50+ iii 23′
386
8.56 i 12″
381
8.60(+)
266
8.61+
266
8.63+
233
8.83
236n101, 277
9.31 i 1
153n161
11.31+
275
14.22 obv. 9′–10′
222n39
14.24
385n85
15.5+ i 4
371
16.32+ ii 26
385n85
16.66:5′, 6′
386
17.12
379
19.5+
376
21.18(+)
223
21.38
382, 386
21.38 obv. 59′
387n98
22.51 obv. 12′, 13′
387n98
23.1+ iv 20
387n98
23.1+ iv 22
387n98
23.11
128n65
23.97
386
24.7
278
24.12+
384n84
26.43+ i 12
385n85
26.71
170n25
26.74
170n24
27.5+ obv. 11
319
27.34 iv 17′
372
27.42
264, 274
27.43
278
28.80
256, 257n44, 258, 258n46
28.80 iv 1′–11′
256
29.7 + KBo 21.41 rev. 24
387n95
29.7 + KBo 21.41 rev. 30, 33
387n95
29.7 + KBo 21.41 rev. 31
387n95
29.7+
386
29.11+
234
29.12
235n101, 277
29.58
207
30.1
191, 199n37
30.2
191
30.3
191
30.4
191
30.26 iv 2′–5′
275n77
30.29
117
30.43
268n31
30.51+
340
30.65+
274
31.19
147
31.41
231
31.58(+) iii 7′
387n98
31.63+ iii 20′
387n98
31.64+
170n24
31.103
220
32.16 iv 6
317, 326n36
32.18+ i 14
319
32.18+ iii 12
317, 326n35
32.18+ iv 2f.
317, 326n31
32.18+ iv 3
326n32
32.18+ iv 4
326n33
32.18+ iv 12
317
32.18+ iv 14
326n37
32.18+ iv 18
317, 326n34
32.19+
264, 273, 278
32.133
145, 264n18
32.137+ ii 16
371
33.93+ iii 9′ ff.
268
33.93+ iii 21
387n95
33.98+ ii 13
387n98
33.102+ ii 15
387n98
33.108
268
33.118
268
33.120+
267
33.120+ ii 45
387n95
34.1+
221
34.1+ obv. 29, 33
219n28
34.3
193, 196n18
34.4
193, 196n18
34.12
234
34.18 ii 9–11
235n101
35.1
291n15, 293
35.2(+)
291n15, 293
35.8
289n10
35.54 iii 29
380
35.67 ii 2′
380
35.90 r. col. 7′
305
35.102+103 iii 9
414
35.103(+) iii 10
304
35.107
73
35.133+
290n14
35.133 ii 13
367
35.146 ii 14′
386
35.148 iv 11–13
321n21
35.148+ iv 13′
380
35.156:6
326n39
35.164 ii ? 9
365
35.165
315
35.165 obv. 20
317, 326n41
35.165 obv. 22
366
36.12 iii 14′
387n98
36.25 iv 10
387n95
36.32
268
36.74
232
36.78 iv 7
414
36.96:12′
386
36.98
170n25
36.106(+) obv. 8′
390n104
36.120
117
37.1
240
37.36+
231
37.41
190, 195, 196, 201
37.92
194
37.95
192
37.100a + 103 + 106 l. col + 144
192
37.101
192, 196n19
37.102
192, 196n19
37.106
192
37.107
192n6
37.108+
191
37.109
191
37.110+
191
37.111
192n8, 193, 196n18, 200
37.111 obv. r. col. 5, 7
203n56
37.111 rev. r. col. 14
203n56
37.112(+)
191, 191n5
37.115+
192
37.118
237
37.122
228n58
37.127
192
37.128
231
37.143
192, 196n19
37.145(+)
228
37.163
236
37.164
236
37.180
238
37.184
235n101
37.190 obv. 4′
235
37.190 obv. 6′
235
37.193+ obv. 2
235
37.193+ obv. 5
235
37.193+ rev. 13′
235
37.198(+)
236
37.218
237n111
40.102+ rev. 5′–7′
276
43.1(+)
237
44.7 obv. 11
268n31
44.54
274
44.60+ iii 9
381
44.63+ ii 11′
386
45.3+
276
45.20 iii 17′
275
45.46:9′
372
45.61
268
45.63
268
45.64+
267
47.2
269n43
47.21
269n39
47.41
276
47.49
275
47.56
267
47.78
278
47.93
277
47.96
277
50.108:10′
387n98
51.15 rev. 3′
386n89
53.15+ ii 15′
293
56.1 iii 18
387n98
57.126
190, 196n22
59.60 ii 8′, 9′
372
LSU
1
171
2
171
21
144n119
91
140n99, 154, 171
Or
90/393
272
90/1050
272
90/1473
272
VAT
7683 iii? 11′–12′
244
10290
229
VBoT
58 i 24
224n48
59
268
Hieroglyphic Luwian Sources
ALEPPO 1
183n61
BOĞAZKÖY
1
183n61
2
183n61
BOR 7
74
BOYBEYPINARI 1&2 §§ 1, 9, 17, 19
74
ÇİFTLİK §§ 1, 2, 5, 11, 15
74n22
EMİRGAZI
183n61
FIRAKTIN
183n61
KARATEPE
303n34
KARKEMIŠ
A18e § 6
75
A23 § 3
75
KAYSERI § 19
74n22
KIRŞEHİR §§ 1, 2
74n22
KULULU
1, §§ 1, 7, 11, 13, 15
74n22
4, § 5
367n30
MALATYA 6
74n22
NİŞANTAŞ
183n61
SÜDBURG
131n75, 136, 183n61
TOPADA § 1
74n22
YALBURT
183n61
YAZILIKAYA
183n61
Other Texts, Sources and Compositions
AT
422
344
425
344
AUAM 73.2402
230
AuOrS
23 21
194n14
23 50 II, 33
203n56
BM 93005
340
CBS 1554
201n46
CIL VI 2104
15n6
CSAI 1,31
17
CT
18 4 ii 27
375n52
III 131
79
CUSAS 18, 12
235n100
EA
22
344n56
24
184, 260
341
269
359
229
Edubba
A
201
E
190, 197, 198, 201
Emar 698
239
H 97
199n37, 371
ICK 1,1
89n61
Judg.
10:1–15
115
12:7–15
115
KAI 24, 16
17
KAR 1.19
231
kp
05/226
264, 278
07/84
267
kt
87/k 275
91
88/k 713 obv. 3
366
88/k 713 rev. 16
366
88/k 713 rev. 29
366
90/k 359
86
92/k 105, 9
91n68
93/k 145
66n8
c/k 1637, 6–13
80
j/k 97
91
j/k 97, 53
106n148
k/k 4
99
n/k 504
66n8
a/k 1263 obv. 7
366n29
KTK 10
81n38
Msk 7462
248
MSL XII 206, 8f.
71
Nergal D
190, 198, 201
Neşr. C1
79
Ni 2759
201
OIP 27, 49a+b
92
Oy. 12–401 obv. 11
226n51
Pseudolus 1.2.135
15n7
RIMA 2 A.0.101.1
367n30
RS
17.10
190n4
17.80
190n4
17.155
194n14
17.338+
224, 225
19.148
270
21.53
224
25.421
190, 195, 230
SEpM 22
197
T.135
100
TC
I 33
76
III 97
76
III 191, 33
77
III 214a
79
TL
40a.1
302
103.1
302
TLB 2 7
201
WAG 48–1464
74
YOS
10, 46 iii 41
238
10, 56
235n100
Index of Proper Names
Divine Names
Agni
333, 336, 339, 340
Appu
269
Aššanuwanta
315
Aššur
66
Aśvin
339
Athtar-Nawfan
17
Baʿal Hammon
17
Eltara
268
Halmašuit
117
Hannahanna
117
Hašamili
314, 328
Hašauwanza
315
Hatepinu
117
Hebat
147, 149, 263, 274, 275
Hilanzipa
315, 365
Huwaššanna
151, 288
Huzziya (god)
117
Ilaliyantikeš
315, 328
Inana
190, 201, 269n38
Indra
337, 339
Ištar
64, 135, 149, 230, 240, 263, 265, 268, 277, 278, 372
Kamrušepa
155, 289
Katahzifuri
155, 289, 314, 317
Kubaba
75, 267n28
Kumarbi
183, 265–269, 272
Maruts
339, 340
Mitra
337, 339, 339n28
Nahhunte
13
Nāsatyā
339
Ninga
236
Pirwa
213n14
Šamaš
13, 200, 231, 235n99, 340
Šarruma
149
Šaušhalla
315
Šawuška
149, 276–278
Storm god of Hatti
117, 149
Sun goddess of Arinna
117, 149
Sū́riya
339, 340
Telipinu
117
Teššub
146, 147, 149, 149n149, 183n61, 263, 264, 265n21, 268–270, 273–276, 278
Tiwad
155, 287, 289
Uliliyantikeš
328
Utu
13, 193, 197n31, 199n34, 200
Varuṇa
339, 339n27
Ziparfa / Zaparfa
314, 317, 328
Personal Names
Abiratta
337, 338
Akhenaten
see Amenhotep IV
Alakšandu
134
Allaiturahhi
146, 150, 264, 265, 273, 274, 276
Amenhotep III
127, 184, 332
Amenhotep IV
112, 133, 183, 332
Ammihatna
379
Ammuna
144, 170, 171, 214, 214n16
Aniškipil
77
Anitta
72, 86, 87n49, 89, 90, 92–95, 95n84, 96–98, 113, 116, 118, 164, 169, 173, 174, 214, 222n39, 297, 309, 409n21
Anum-hirbe
65, 93, 97, 261, 295
Anu-šar-ilāni
229
Anuwanza
238
Aplahanda
100
Arnuwanda I
109, 126, 129–131, 140, 142, 145, 147, 148, 154, 171, 212, 264, 273, 274, 278, 425
Arnuwanda II
133
Arnuwanda III
136
Artamanya
338
Artatama
338
Artaya
338
Ašdu
146, 264, 273, 274
Ašmunikkal
130, 140, 148, 154, 171, 212, 219n27
Assurbanipal
236
Aššuzzana
338
Atal-šen
261
Aziru
212, 224, 225
Bentešina
212, 224
Bentipšarri
135, 150
Biridašwa
337n18
Biriyaššuwa
337n18, 338
Biryamašda
338, 342
Eheya
171, 212, 221
Ehli-Addu
99
Ehli-tenu
147
Hammurapi
66n9, 93, 176
Hantili I
170
Hantili II
170, 171, 212
Harpatiwa
93
Hattušili I
89, 94, 97, 104, 110, 113, 116–118, 120, 128, 137, 143, 144n119, 146, 151, 164, 167–169, 170n29, 172, 174, 176, 176n47, 184, 208, 211, 216, 217n22, 218, 218n25, 222n39, 293, 295, 296, 366, 369, 408
Hattušili III
95, 110, 129, 131, 134n79, 135, 148, 150, 212, 213n14, 224, 265, 270, 273, 276
Hurmeli
93
Huzziya (king of Zalpuwa)
94
Huzziya (predecessor of Labarna)
116
Huzziya I
171, 212
Huzziya II
212
Iddin-Numušda
101
Iddiyatum
101
Idrimi
144n120, 342
Ili-Šarruma
147
Inar
93
Indaruta
338
Inim-Inana
197, 201
Innaya
76
Intarratti
337
Išputahšu
144n119, 170, 172, 212, 216, 221
Kani
76
Kantuzzili
147, 156, 231, 264, 274
Kazhanuil
76
Kikkuli
333–336, 342, 343
Kili-Teššub
335, 338n24
Kitukail
77
Kunuwan
80
Kupanta-Kurunta
224n47
Kurunta
135, 149n149, 151, 220
Kuwattalla
140, 153, 154, 280, 288, 289n10, 302, 305, 413
Labarna
116, 118, 120, 151, 168, 170, 177, 366
Lu-diĝira
190, 195, 197, 198, 201, 202, 229
Lugal-ibila
190, 190n4, 197, 198, 201
Lugal-nesaĝ
190, 190n4, 197, 198, 201
Madduwatta
129, 129n69
Manapa-Tarhunta
376
Mannum-balum-Aššur
76
Maštigga
302
Mittaratti
337
Muršili I
110, 118, 120, 128, 143, 164, 169, 170, 176, 176n47, 199, 234n97, 293, 296, 340
Muršili II
116, 125, 132–134, 139, 144–145, 148–149, 212, 224, 224n47, 225, 264n18, 265, 275, 308n42, 320, 381, 421
Muršili III
see Urhi-Teššub
Muwattalli I
171, 212, 219
Muwattalli II
85n45, 110, 128n65, 134, 135, 137, 148, 149, 149n149, 150n150, 151, 212, 213n14, 265, 276, 382n76, 394, 421
Nanip-LUGAL
76
Nikkalmadi
145, 148, 260, 264
Niqmaddu II
212
Niqmepa
212, 224, 225
Niwarhšušar
76
Nur-dahhi
87
Paddatiššu
172, 212, 219, 221
Pawahtelmah
117
Pilliya
144n120, 171, 173n38
Pithana
93–95, 95n84, 117
Puduheba
135, 148, 150, 183, 265, 270, 273, 276, 382, 412
Puriyanni
302, 380
Ramses II
134, 135, 212, 382
Šahaya
89n61
Šalašu
146, 264, 273, 274
Salmanassar III
93
Šamši-Addu
93, 100, 125, 261
Šapšušu
275
Sargon (of Akkad)
59, 87, 91, 115, 229
Šarri-Kušuh
133
Šarri-Teššub
148, 149
Šāt-Ištar
230
Šattiwaza
212, 223, 333–336, 338, 338n24, 339, 339n26, 345
Šilalluhi
153, 280, 289, 289n10, 302, 413
Šunaššura
128, 128n66, 129, 145, 212, 219, 221
Šuppianika
80
Šuppiluliuma I
108, 110, 114n22, 131n75, 132–134, 136, 142, 148–150, 172, 199, 212, 222n39, 223–225, 236, 265, 297, 320, 334, 336, 338n24, 339
Šuppiluliuma II
109, 131n75, 136, 150, 189n3, 265, 273
Šuppunahšu
92
Šuppunuman
92
Šuriātti
340
Taduheba
132, 146, 148, 264, 273, 278
Tahiš-Adili
261
Tahurwaili
171, 212, 221
Talmi-Šarruma
128n65, 212, 213n14
Targaššanawa
127
Tarthuntaradu
127
Tašmišarri
see Tuthaliya III
Tašmišarruma
275
Telipinu, Hittite king
87, 108, 109, 116, 118, 120–122, 122n49, 124, 143, 144, 144n119, 170–173, 175, 176, 176n48, 177, 211, 212, 215, 216, 216n21, 217, 221, 222, 260, 358, 408
Telipinu, king of Aleppo
133
Tepulka
80
Tette
212, 224–226
Tewatti
337, 345n59
Tiš-adal
261
Tukulti-Ninurta I
136
Tunip-Teššub
143, 168, 211
Tunnawiya
153, 154, 288, 288n9, 302, 386, 387, 413
Tuppi-Teššub
212, 224
Tušratta
184, 260, 332, 337, 338
Tuthaliya (Old Assyrian figure)
81, 366
Tuthaliya I
109, 110, 126–128, 128n65, 129, 131, 145, 145n123, 147, 171–173, 175, 212, 214, 219, 219n27, 221–222, 260, 264, 281, 378, 412, 425
Tuthaliya III
111, 131–132, 145–149, 182, 256n43, 260, 264, 272n60, 273, 275, 413, 425
Tuthaliya IV
131, 135–136, 148–149, 189n3, 220
Uhna
94
Ummaya
149, 265, 275
Unap-Še
99
Urhi-Teššub (Muršili III)
110, 135, 148, 149
Walwaziti
150, 265, 276
Waršama
65, 93, 295
Wašašatta
338
Wāzzi
337
Wiušti or Piušti
65, 90, 94, 95, 118, 164, 362n19
Yahdun-Lim
100
Yašdata
338
Zantarmiyašta
338, 342
Zarpiya
153, 289
Zelliya
274
Zidanta II
144n120, 171, 173n38
Zirdamiyašda
338, 342
Zukraši
143, 172, 173, 173n38
Zuwi
155, 321, 321n21, 380, 380n71
Zuzu
93, 98, 98n96, 116
Place-Names and Names of Peoples
Note: the ancient place-names are italicized. The list does not include the following voices, which occur over 100 times in the book: Assyrian people, Babylonian people, Boğazköy, Hatti (kingdom) and Hattum, Hattuša, Hattian people, Hittite people, Kizzuwatna, Luwian people, Palaean people, Sumerian people.
Acemhöyük
58, 58n125, 85, 85n45, 98, 100
Adana
143
Adaniya
143
Akkad
28, 87, 91, 115, 229, 261, 261n5
Alaca Höyük
38, 38n33, 44, 45, 45n64, 121, 183
Alalah
78, 78n32, 106, 143, 144, 144n120, 147, 162, 164, 165, 167, 168, 168n13, 175, 175n45, 183, 184, 184n64, 207, 209, 210, 215, 261, 262, 276, 333, 336, 340–344
Alašiya
106, 136
Aleppo
99, 118, 120, 128n65, 133, 143, 168, 175, 212, 213n14, 222, 278, 296
Alişar Höyük
37n33, 38, 92
Amarna
20, 111, 127, 133, 159, 159n3, 163, 165, 183, 184n63, 212, 229, 232n86, 263, 269, 306, 332, 336, 341, 342, 344, 344n56, 360
Amkuwa
81, 90–92, 95, 119, 122
Amorite, people
69, 261, 296
Amuq, river
22, 55, 56, 102, 143, 146, 167
Amurru
212, 224, 225
Ankuwa
see Amkuwa
Anšan
13
Antitaurus, mountain range
55, 56, 83, 93, 107, 120n38, 143, 148, 293, 296
Aphrodisias
106
Arawanna
138
Araxes
33
Arslantepe
33, 37, 38
Arzawa
103, 104, 123, 125, 127, 130–134, 137, 139, 144, 155, 156, 184, 184n62, 292, 292n17, 294, 307, 308n42, 309, 318, 318n16, 378, 378n66
Aššur
64, 67, 72, 83, 85, 91n68, 98, 229, 231
Babylon
5, 106, 110, 118, 141, 212, 234n97
Bahçe Pass
102
Beycesultan
103–106
Blaene
320
Bor-Ereğli
58, 151
Büklükale
84, 183
Büyükkale
169, 173n38, 179, 200, 234
Çadır Höyük
38, 39
Camlıbel Tarlası
38
Canaan
163, 361, 400, 401
Çankırı
84
Cappadocia
55, 72, 85, 399
Çavdarlı Höyük
45
Çekerek, river
155, 156, 413
Çeşme-Bağlarası
106
Ceyhan, river
22
Cilicia
2, 48, 55, 56, 58, 59, 63, 101–103, 105, 107, 111, 128, 142–144, 144n119, 147, 148, 157, 183, 261, 263, 279, 280, 288, 296, 296n23, 309, 412, 415, 425
Çorum
85
Crete
99, 106
D/Tunna
153, 153n163, 288
Daha, mountain
155
Dardany
137
Delice Çay, river
85
Devrez Çayı, river
321
Durhumit/Durmitta
84, 85, 141, 155, 320, 321, 321n20, 321n21, 322, 323, 323n26
Ebla
28, 48, 99, 102, 103, 145, 160, 162, 169, 270, 374n48
Elam
13, 160, 162
Elamites, people
68
Emar
111, 141, 163, 183, 185, 185n68, 197, 197n31, 201, 230, 232n80, 234, 239, 248, 248n20, 277n90
Erzurum
34
Euphrates, river
22, 28, 32, 33, 36–38, 59, 60, 83, 99, 100, 125, 128, 133, 136, 143, 162, 168n16, 306n39
Fıraktın
148
Gaziantep
48, 100, 295
Godin Tepe
37
Göllü Dağ
55
Göltepe
56–58
Hahhu
83, 143, 146n128, 168
Hakmiš
117, 134, 257
Hanikka
see Amkuwa
Hapalla
127, 133
Haršamna
93
Haššu
93, 100, 100n102, 167, 270, 295, 296, 306n39
Hatay
261
Hattarina
277
Hattena
119, 122
Hulana, river
155
Hulaya, river
85n45
Hupišna
118, 151, 288
Hurama
89, 89n61, 90
Huwatnuwanda, mountain
85n45
Iasos (Caria)
106
Igingalliš
146, 270
İkiztepe
37, 49
Ikkuwaniya
136
Ikuna
136
Indo-Aryans, people
332, 335, 335n15, 345
Ištanuwa
154, 154n168, 285n2, 288, 290, 290n14, 291n15, 293, 294, 298n26, 309, 309n44, 378, 378n65, 380n72
İzmir
127, 128
Jazira, modern region of Syria
48, 100, 143, 162, 163, 261, 412
Kadeš
134, 137, 138
Kadınhanı
103n127
Kaman-Kalehöyük
121
Kaneš
62, 62n1, 63–66, 70, 72–74, 76, 77, 79n33, 82, 83, 85–89, 89n61, 91–93, 93n78, 94–97, 97n93, 97n95, 98–100, 113, 114, 114n20, 115, 115n23, 116, 117, 119, 125, 141, 164, 245, 254, 264, 292, 295, 309, 312n47, 317, 323, 366, 400, 407, 411, 423, 424
Kanlıgeçit
49–51
Kara Su, river
93
Karkiša
138
Karnak
135
Karonovo
50
Kaška, people
84, 129, 129n67, 129n68, 130–134, 137, 139, 308, 322n23, 323n26
Katapa
119, 122
Kayalıpınar,
ancient Šamuha
Kedy
138
Kemi-Oba
49
Kestel
56–58
Khabur, river
48, 128, 295n22
Kilise Tepe
58, 58n123, 105
Kirbet Kerak
37
Kırıkkale
84
Kızılırmak
modern name of the Marraššantiya
Konya
38, 58, 60, 63, 83, 85n44, 98, 103, 103n127, 106, 125, 127, 134n79, 136
Kozan
148
Kuliwišna
151
Kültepe
modern name of Kaneš
Kura, river
33, 34, 47
Kuşaklı
modern name of Šarišša
Kuššar
89, 89n61, 94, 95, 113
Lahzan
see Lihzina
Lallupiya
154, 288n8, 290, 293, 294
Landa
118
Lihzina
319, 321
Liman Tepe
106
Luhuzattiya
89, 89n61, 93, 93n78
Lukka
127, 136, 138, 302, 303
Lušna
118, 119
Luwiya
88, 117, 122–124, 124n53, 125, 128, 130, 130n72, 141, 151, 157, 284, 285, 291, 292, 292n17, 292n18, 294, 295, 311, 318, 318n16, 328
Lycaonia
85n45
Maikop
35, 44, 45
Maraş-Elbistan
83, 143
Mari
79n33, 81, 86, 93, 99, 100, 106, 124, 162–166, 207, 215, 259, 261n5, 262
Marmara, sea
49, 103n130
Marraššantiya, river, ancient name of the Kızılırmak
125, 126
Maša
138
Merzifon
84, 323n26
Miletus
106
Mira
127, 133, 224n47
Mittani
110, 128, 132, 134, 136, 137, 144, 144n120, 147, 150, 163, 165, 166, 184, 199, 212, 223, 235, 247, 248, 248n18, 259, 262, 262n11, 263, 265, 266, 279, 296, 306, 310, 313, 332–334, 336, 339–342, 345, 360, 375, 399, 426
Mukiš
146, 147, 184, 273
Musanet
138
Nenašša
118
Nerik
111, 129, 129n67, 250, 256, 257, 257n44, 258n46
Neša, see also Kaneš
62, 62n1, 94–96, 113, 125, 243, 292
Nihriya
136
Nineveh
229, 236, 277
Nippur
199, 201, 201n47, 202, 204n60, 230, 232n80
Nişantaş
136
Nişantepe
136, 179
Nuhašše
138, 212, 224, 225
Nuzi
24n24, 166n12, 207, 209, 224, 261n5, 262, 262n10, 263, 333, 336, 341, 342, 344, 374n48, 401
Orontes, river
48, 134, 261, 262
Ortaköy
modern name of Šapinuwa
Oymağaç Höyük
111, 129n67
Pahhuwa
129, 220
Pala
73, 76, 113, 117, 122–125, 141, 291, 294, 313, 316, 318, 318n16, 319–324, 324n28, 325, 328, 358, 361
Panaztepe
106
Paphlagonia
49
Paršuhanta, see also Purušhanda
118
Phaistos
106
Pišaiša, mountain
268
Plain Cilicia
102, 148
Pontus, region
51, 83, 125
Purušhanda
59, 70, 70n17, 85, 85n45, 86–88, 94, 97, 118–120, 122, 155, 164, 229, 292, 309, 322
Purušhattum, see also Purušhanda
85–89, 91, 100, 141, 155
Qatna
341
Ras Šamra
modern name of Ugarit
Reşuloğlu
45
Šahiriya, river
154
Sakarya
modern name of Šahiriya
Šalahšuwa
93, 93n78
Šalatiwara
94, 97, 97n93
Šalatuwar
see Šalatiwara
Šallapa
a144
Sam’al
22
Šanahuitta
91, 119
Sangarios, Greek name of Šahiriya
155
Šapinuwa
111, 111n9, 131, 134, 146, 148, 154, 156, 179, 182, 202, 228n56, 252, 253n34, 256n43, 264, 269, 272, 272n61, 273, 275, 276
Šarišša
111, 121, 140, 179, 181
Sarıkaya
100
Šeha, river and country
127, 133
Šibuha
93
Šinahuttum, see also Šanahuitta
90, 91
Sippar
99, 200, 201, 201n46, 202, 229
Sirkeli
102, 107
Sredny-Stog
50
Šukziya
122
Sultantepe
229
Susa
13, 197n29
Suvorovo-Novadanilovka
50
Taišama
93
Tamininga
277
Tapikka
111, 131, 156, 179, 181, 307n41
Tarhuntašša
110, 134, 134n79, 135, 136, 149n149, 150, 153, 220, 265n19
Tarsus
58, 102, 105, 144n119, 183
Tatarlı Höyük
102
Tauriša
155, 156, 255n41, 280, 288–290, 293, 297, 298n26, 300, 303–305, 307, 308, 308n42, 310, 378, 378n65, 379, 413, 414, 418
Tawiniya
90, 119, 122
Tegarama
89
Tell Afis
185
Tell Açana
modern name of Alalah
Tell Bi’a
102
Tigris, river
159
Tikunani
143, 168, 169, 173, 174, 211, 215, 215n18, 262
Tilmen Höyük
100, 100n107, 102
Trialeti
45
Troy
37, 49, 50, 52, 58, 104–106, 134
Tummana
320, 321, 321n20
Tunip
100, 143, 168, 211, 212
Tuwanuwa
118, 119
Tuz Gölü, lake
101, 150
Ugarit
78, 99, 111, 133, 136, 138, 141, 142, 161, 163, 183, 184, 184n66, 190, 190n4, 194n14, 195, 197, 201, 207, 209, 212, 220, 224, 225, 230, 232n80, 261, 262, 262n14, 263, 270, 277n88, 341, 399n6, 400, 401, 405
Ulama
119n37
Ur
45, 64, 232n80
Ura
129, 142, 142n108, 228, 228n56
Urkeš (ancient name of Tell Mozan)
48, 259–261
Urmia
34, 47
Uršu
100, 143, 167–169, 173–175, 208, 211, 215–217, 375, 375n54
Uruk
27, 28, 32, 33, 35–39, 64, 161
Ušša
85n45, 103n127
Wašhaniya
89
Wašitta
268
Waššukanni
333, 340
Winuwanda
147
Yalburt
136
Yamhad
118, 143, 164, 168, 296
Yamnaya
44, 45, 49, 50
Yukarıova
148
Yumuktepe
58
Zallara
118
Zalpa (ambiguous toponym)
114, 114n20, 119, 120, 120n38, 176n47, 324
Zalpuwa (on the Black Sea)
94, 95, 114, 116, 119
Zalwar (in Syria)
93, 100, 100n107, 102, 120, 120n38, 143, 167
Ziluna
289n10
Zippalanda
119, 155, 183, 250
Zuliya
155, 156, 413
Zunnahara
147
Subject Index
The list does not include the following voices, which occur more than 100 times in the book: Anatolian, areality, borrowing, calque, Indo-Aryan, Hurrian, Akkadian, Loanword, Luwian (but we list the different dialects), network, Old Assyrian, Semitic (language group), shifting, Sumerian, trade, translation, as well the main parts of speech (adjective, noun, verb, etc.) and the abbreviation for the main Hittite ducti, when used in reference to specific tablets.
ablative(-instrumental)
225, 279, 304, 391n111
active-inactive morphosyntactical alignment
250
adstrate
301, 309
Akkadogram
217, 350, 371, 373n45, 373n46
analogical leveling
311, 317, 325, 329, 330, 402
analogy (linguistics)
304
anaptyxis
370n34, 417n27
Aramaic, language
17, 22, 24
Armenian, language
33, 47, 261, 398, 415n23
Arzawa Luwian / Luwic
294, 309, 378, 378n66
Assyro-Mittanian ductus
193n12, 195, 195n15, 196n18, 199, 199n40, 202, 203, 226, 226n53, 231, 276
Avestan, language
337
Bible
360
Biblical Hebrew, language
16, 360, 360n18
bilingualism and bilingual documents
145, 150, 167, 169, 195, 197, 198, 200–203, 207, 209–211, 218n25, 221, 227, 229, 230, 233–235, 235n101, 237, 237n109, 238–240, 244, 246, 250, 250n22, 251, 252, 256n43, 264, 270, 271, 273, 277, 311, 316, 320, 329, 344, 357, 381, 406, 408, 414, 424, 425
Bislama, language
401, 401n10
Canaanite, language or group of languages
401
Carian, language
6, 128, 288, 294
case agreement
80n36, 206, 304n35, 384, 403, 415
ceramic
11, 20, 26, 28, 34–38, 38n37, 40, 50, 54, 56–58, 60, 102, 104, 105, 142, 243, 294n20
chancellery
223, 226, 266
clitic
75, 224, 225, 289, 302, 308, 317, 325, 327, 327n42, 409, 409n21, 410, 418, 419, 421
clitic doubling
302, 303, 303n34
code-mixing
350, 351
code-switching
216, 299, 350, 351, 371, 374n48, 375, 381, 383–385, 387, 388, 390, 393, 394
colloquial register
308, 311, 312, 394
colony
65, 92, 312n47
connectivity (historical geography)
101, 359
dative(-locative)
238, 281, 285n2, 303, 362, 365n27, 406n15, 414, 418, 421
determinative (graphemic)
221n35, 338, 339, 391n112
diatopic, variation
378n65
direct speech
147, 285, 286, 293
document-level, phenomenon of interference
377, 403
Early Transcaucasian (ETC), culture
32, 33
Egyptian, language
6, 16n11, 135, 137, 185, 360, 360n18, 361
elliptic dual
339, 339n25
Empire Luwian, language
138, 152, 155, 183, 288, 290, 290n13, 298n26, 299, 299n28, 308, 377, 379–384, 394, 413, 418, 419
ergative morphosyntactic alignment
250
ethnicity
66, 67, 101n112, 113, 115, 116n28, 124, 243n7
ethnolinguistics
26, 29, 47, 53, 65, 71, 123–125, 127, 140, 144, 157, 296
ethnonym
92, 115, 333
Etruscan, language
20
folk etymology
29, 174, 340, 352, 373n45
foreign word
71, 81, 151, 216, 217, 259, 281–283, 290, 291n15, 299, 301n31, 306, 314n4, 342, 350–353, 372, 373n45, 375, 379, 383, 384
fronting, syntax
301, 302, 302n32, 303, 303n34, 310
gender, grammatical
75, 79, 80, 80n36, 82, 206, 241, 282, 352n3, 362, 362n21, 365, 365n27, 368, 372, 375, 380, 383, 383n82, 399, 407, 417, 418, 420
genitival adjective
279, 280, 301, 303, 305, 343, 365, 380, 384, 413–415
genitive
126, 206, 224, 289n11, 304, 304n35, 339n28, 340, 376, 383, 391n107, 408, 409n21
genre
128, 130, 169n23, 207, 209, 271, 287, 289
Glossenkeil
151, 152, 221n35, 286, 286n5, 290, 311, 351, 381, 381n75, 382n76, 385, 385n85, 386–388, 392n123, 394
grapholect
20, 206, 207, 209n2, 327, 400, 408
Greek, ancient language
5–7, 16, 16n10, 51, 71, 115, 127, 159n2, 265, 305, 306, 329, 343, 376n59, 398
i-mutation
20, 325, 325n29, 330, 374, 383, 417, 420, 421
imperfect learning
206, 311
imperfective
17n12, 385, 387, 387n96, 388
Indo-Hittite hypothesis
42
Iron Age Luwian, language
378, 382, 419, 420n33, 421
Ištanuwa Luwian, language
154n168, 288, 294, 378n65
Kanzleisprache
422
Kārum
26, 47, 54, 62, 65, 67, 68, 70n17, 72, 73, 86, 87, 90, 92, 93, 93n78, 94–97, 97n95, 98, 100, 104, 105, 107, 116, 141, 215, 259, 363n22, 365, 400, 407, 411, 423
Kassite
110, 141, 199, 200, 231, 232, 333, 336, 340, 344
Kizzuwatna Luwian, language
144, 154–158, 289, 289n11, 298n26, 299, 299n28, 300, 305, 306, 307n40, 308, 309, 380, 414, 416
koiné
2, 13, 138, 152, 159, 159n1, 160, 161, 164, 185, 206, 279, 290n13, 305, 306, 311, 367, 422
Kura-Araxes, culture
33
language shift
24, 255, 255n40, 280, 293, 303, 304, 306, 306n39, 307
Late New Hittite Script (LNS)
177, 231, 267
Latin, language
15, 16, 71, 253, 253n34, 254n37, 265n20, 329, 424
lexical list
19, 19n16, 130, 161, 203, 213, 227, 228, 228n57
lingua franca
24, 163, 168, 174, 212, 220, 311, 409
Lower Land Luwian
154, 288
Luwic
1, 20, 128, 154, 156, 285n2, 287, 287n7, 288, 290, 292n17, 294, 295, 298n26, 303, 304n35, 309, 309n44, 311n46, 317, 325, 357, 378, 378n66, 384, 404, 405, 409, 414–416, 423
Lycian (A), language
6, 288, 301, 302, 302n32, 302n33, 303, 305, 309, 316n10, 343, 352n4, 384, 391n108, 404
Lycian B, language
302n33
Lydian, language
6, 18, 19, 285n2, 294, 316n10, 317, 325, 404, 406n15, 415
Middle Assyrian, ductus
199n40, 210, 276
Middle Assyrian, language and corpus
146, 198, 201, 215, 215n19, 343
Middle Babylonian, ductus
177, 210
Middle Babylonian, language and corpus
19, 163, 199–202, 209n2, 212, 215, 215n19, 217–220, 240, 241, 262, 424
middle ground
65, 66, 66n7, 67
Middle Hittite, ductus
109, 147, 155, 172, 173, 202, 216, 219, 307
Middle Hittite, language and corpus
109, 109n3, 146, 147n140, 155, 177, 179, 181–183, 212, 214, 216, 219, 229, 233, 252, 273, 274, 276, 319, 385, 416, 417n27, 418–421
migration
29–32, 36, 41–44, 52, 53, 156, 297, 303, 345, 378
Minoan (material culture)
99, 103, 106, 185
mistake
67n12, 79, 80, 80n34, 80n36, 216, 220, 225, 247, 341, 361n18, 383n82, 403
Mittanian ductus
177, 210
mobility
29, 162
model language
80n36, 279, 283, 349, 352, 353, 355, 357, 370, 403, 405, 414
multilingualism
21, 24, 25, 213, 221, 244n7, 251, 297, 301, 396, 401, 403
Mycenaean Greek, language
5, 6, 48, 360
native language
72, 97, 138, 253, 254, 352, 422
negative innovation
289n11
Neo-Assyrian, age and language
5, 201, 375, 377
New Hittite, language and corpus
125, 151, 172, 216, 291, 297, 311, 374, 416–421
New Script (NS)
109, 172, 177, 195, 202, 210, 216n20, 240
nisba
70
nominative
126n58, 171, 365n27, 380, 417, 418, 420
Nuzi Akkadian
262, 262n10
Old Babylonian, language and corpus
19, 66, 100, 101, 101n112, 102, 162, 162n7, 163, 164, 166, 167, 171, 197, 197n26, 198, 199, 199n37, 200–203, 204n60, 210, 212, 215, 215n19, 217n22, 218, 219, 219n28, 240, 241, 408, 424
Old Hittite Script (OS)
97n95, 109, 172, 173, 216n20, 324, 328
Old Hittite, language and corpus
118, 119, 119n37, 126, 151, 169n23, 173–175, 208, 211, 214–216, 219, 236n101, 241, 308, 309, 319, 329, 408, 409, 409n21, 410, 411, 417–419, 421, 424
Old Persian, language
159n2, 352n4
Oscan, language
16
personal name
48, 71, 72, 74, 76, 77, 80, 82, 115, 148, 168, 171, 183, 184, 219n27, 259, 260, 262, 264, 294, 309, 316n10, 333–337, 339–343, 345n59, 363, 363n22, 366, 367, 370n34, 378, 400
Phoenician, language
17, 22, 303n34
phonotactic constraint
398
Phrygian, language
6, 24, 399
place-name
81, 81n38, 86, 89, 92, 97, 117, 123, 125–127, 129, 153, 154, 261n5, 293, 318, 319, 319n17, 323, 333, 340, 341, 343
plene spelling
6, 204, 247, 249, 286, 286n4, 313, 313n3
plural possessor
303, 305, 306
Pre-Greek
16n10
Proto-Anatolian
46, 47, 285n2, 303, 322, 330, 364, 365, 398, 404, 409, 410
Proto-Germanic
399
Proto-Greek
399
reanalysis
282, 305n37, 413, 417
reduplication of clitics
421
reflexive
223, 383, 421
rhotacism
15, 15n6
second language
80, 425
sociolinguistics
26, 27, 62, 68, 70, 81, 82, 138–140, 209, 256, 281, 291, 294, 295, 305, 305n38, 308, 310, 316, 325, 328, 331, 338, 354, 363, 399, 399n6, 409, 411, 412, 416, 425
sound change
304, 313n1, 315, 330n44, 403
sound law
14, 317, 365, 398, 404
South Arabic, language
17
spoken language
18, 24n24, 42, 47, 52, 88, 126, 138, 152, 155, 160, 183, 253n34, 254n37, 255, 255n41, 259, 263, 270, 283, 288, 291, 294, 295, 307, 309–311, 316, 320, 322, 330, 356–358, 363, 370, 378n65, 379–381, 394, 399n6, 400, 401, 405, 405n14, 406, 408, 409, 411, 416, 418, 424, 425
Sprachbund
22, 22n21
Suffixaufnahme
413, 415
Sumerogram
300, 350, 376
target language
216, 281, 301, 327, 337, 349–352, 352n3, 353–355, 362, 366, 376, 402, 403, 406, 418
Tauriša Luwian
155, 156, 288–290, 293, 298n26, 301, 303, 308, 378n65, 379, 418
Tok Pisin, language
401, 401n10
trilingual document
227, 230, 231
typology (linguistics)
352
Ugaritic, language
6, 78n32, 184, 225, 262, 268, 357, 357n13, 358, 358n14, 360, 360n18, 399n6, 400
Umbrian, language
15, 15n8, 16n9
Urartian, language
47, 341, 398
vernacular
24, 52, 74, 81, 113, 152, 174, 262, 311, 357, 400, 407, 411, 416
Wackernagel position
279, 327, 339n25
West Semitic, branch of the Semitic group
16, 17n12, 20, 69, 161, 163, 184, 228, 263, 296, 298, 300, 358, 360, 403
written language
18, 24n24, 312, 316, 350, 408, 416, 424