Abbreviations
| …/a–…/z |
Inventory number of the tablets excavated in Boğazköy (1931–1967). |
| ABoT |
Ankara Arkeologji Müzesinde bulunan Bogazköy Tabletleri (Bogazköy Tablets in the Archaeological Museum in Ankara), vol. 1 İstanbul: Milli Eğitim Basımevi, 1948; vol. 2 Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, 2011. |
| ACLT |
Yakubovich, Ilya, Annotated Corpus of Luwian Texts ( |
| AT |
Wiseman, Donald J., The Alalakh Tablets, London: The British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara, 1953. |
| AUAM |
Tablets in the collections of the Andrews University Archaeological Museum. |
| AuOrS 23 |
Arnaud, Daniel, Corpus des Textes de Bibliothèque de Ras Shamra-Ougarit (Aula Orientalis Supplements 23), Barcelona: Editorial Ausa, 2007. |
| Bk. |
Büyükkale. |
| BM |
British Museum, London. |
| Bo |
Inventory number of the tablets excavated in Boğazköy (1906–1912). |
| BT |
Bronze Tablet (= Bo 86/299). |
| CAD |
The Assyrian Dictionary of the University of Chicago, Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, 1956–2010. |
| CBS |
University Museum in Philadelphia, Catalogue of the Babylonian Section. |
| CHD |
The Hittite Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, 1980 ff. |
| CIL VI |
Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum VI. Inscriptiones urbis Romae Latinae, Berlin: De Gruyter, 1876–2000. |
| CODL2 |
Matthews, Peter H., The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Linguistics, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007. |
| CSAI |
Corpus of South Arabian Inscriptions, Pisa ( |
| CT |
Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in the British Museum, London: British Museum, 1896 ff. |
| CTH |
Laroche, Emmanuel, Catalogue des textes hittites, Paris: Klincksieck, 1971; premier supplément, Revue Hittite et Asianique 30 (1972), pp. 94–133; Online edition: Košak, Silvin et al., |
| CUSAS |
Cornell University Studies in Assyriology and Sumerology, Bethesda: CDL Press, 2007 ff. |
| DAAM 1 |
Rieken, Elisabeth, ed, Keilschrifttafeln aus Kayalıpınar 1. Textfunde aus den Jahren 1999–2017 (Documenta Antiqua Asiae Minoris 1), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2019. |
| DBH 46 |
Akdoğan, Rukiye, Hethitische Texte. Bo 4658–Bo 5000 (Dresdner Beiträge zur Hethitologie 46), 2 vols., Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2016. |
| DCL |
Melchert, H. Craig, A Dictionary of Cuneiform Luvian. Ann-Arbor: Beech Stave, forthcoming. |
| EA |
Knudtzon, Jörgen A., Die El-Amarna-Tafeln (Vorderasiatische Bibliothek II), Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1915. |
| EDHIL |
Kloekhorst, Alwin, Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 5), Leiden/Boston: Brill, 2008. |
| eDiAna |
Digital Philological-Etymological Dictionary of the Minor Ancient Anatolian Corpus Languages ( |
| EHS |
Kronasser, Heinz, Etymologie der hethitischen Sprache, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1966. |
| Emar VI |
Arnaud, Daniel, Recherches au pays d’Aštata. Emar VI, Paris: Editions Recherche sur les Civilisations, 1985–1987. |
| EWAia |
Mayrhofer, Manfred, Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen, 3 vols., Heidelberg: Winter, 1992–2001. |
| GrHL |
Hoffner Jr., Harry A. and Melchert, H. Craig, A Grammar of the Hittite Language. Part 1: Reference Grammar (Languages of the Ancient Near East 1/1), Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 2008. |
| H |
Tablets from Tell-Haddad. |
| HE2 |
Friedrich, Johannes, Hethitisches Elementarbuch. Zweite verbesserte und erweiterte Auflage, Heidelberg: Winter, 1960. |
| HED |
Puhvel, Jaan, Hittite Etymological Dictionary (Trends in Linguistics. Documentation 1 ff.), Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, 1984 ff. |
| HEG |
Tischler, Johann, Hethitisches Etymologisches Glossar (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft 20), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachwissenschaft der Universität Innsbruck, 1983–2016. |
| HKM |
Alp, Sedat, Masat-Höyük’te bulunan civi yazili Hitit tabletleri/Hittite Cuneiform Tablets from Masat-Höyük (Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları VI/34), Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basimevi, 1991. |
| HSK 26.1 |
Kittel, Harald, Frank, Armin Paul, Greiner, Norbert, Hermans, Theo, Koller, Werner, Lambert, José, and Paul, Fritz, eds, Übersetzung / Translation / Traduction, vol. 1 (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science 26.1), Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, 2004. |
| HT |
King, Leonard William, Hittite Texts in the Cuneiform Character from Tablets in the British Museum, London: British Museum, 1920. |
| HW2 |
Friedrich, Johannes and Kammenhuber, Annelies, Hethitisches Wörterbuch Zweite, völlig neubearbeitete Auflage auf der Grundlage der edierten hethitischen Texte, Heidelberg: Winter, 1975 ff. |
| HZL |
Rüster, Christel and Neu, Erich, Hethitisches Zeichenlexikon. Inventar und Interpretation der Keilschriftzeichen aus den Boğazköy-Texten (Studien zu den Bogazköy-Texten Bh. 2), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1989. |
| IBoT |
İstanbul Arkeoloji Müzelerinde bulunan Bogazköy tabletleri, vol. 1 İstanbul: Maarif Matbaası, vol. 2 İstanbul: Milli Eğitim Basımevi, vol. 3 İstanbul: Maarif Basımevi, vol. 4 Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basimevi, 1944 ff. |
| ICK 1 |
Hrozný, Bedřich, Inscriptions cunéiformes du Kultépé, vol. 1 (Monografie Archivu Orientálního 14), Prag: Státní pedagogické nakladatelství, 1952. |
| KAI |
Donner, Herbert and Röllig, Wolfgang, Kanaanäische und aramäische Inschriften, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1962–1964. |
| KAR |
Ebeling, Erich, Keilschrifttexte aus Assur religiösen Inhalts I/II (Wissenschaftliche Veröffentlichungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft 28 and 34), Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1919 and 1923. |
| KBo |
Keilschrifttexte aus Boghazköi, vols. 1–6 Leipzig: Hinrichs; vols. 7–70 Berlin: Mann; vol. 71: Mainz: Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur, 1916 ff. |
| Kp |
Inventory numbers of Kayalıpınar texts. |
| Kt |
Inventory numbers of Kültepe texts. |
| KTK |
Jankovskaja, Ninel B., Klinopisnye teksty iz Kjul’-Tepe v sobranijach SSSR (pis’ma i dokumenty torgovovo ob’edinenija v Maloj Azii XIX v. do n.ė.) (Pamjatniki Pis’mennosti Vostoka 14) Moskau: Nauka, 1968. |
| KTU |
Dietrich, Manfried, Loretz, Oswald, and Sanmartín, Joaquín, Die keil-alphabetischen Texte aus Ugarit (Alter Orient und Altes Testament 24/1), Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener Verlag, 1976. |
| KTU3 |
Dietrich, Manfried, Loretz, Oswald, and Sanmartín, Joaquín, Die keilalphabetischen Texte aus Ugarit, Ras Ibn Hani und anderen Orten / The cuneiform alphabetic texts from Ugarit, Ras Ibn Hani and other places (Alter Orient und Altes Testament 360/1), 3rd ed., Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, 2013. |
| KUB |
Keilschrifturkunden aus Boghazköi, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1921–1990. |
| Msk |
Texts from Meskene. |
| MSL |
Materialien zum sumerischen Lexikon/Materials for the Sumerian Lexicon, Rome: Pontificio Istituto Biblico, 1937 ff.; SS = Supplementary Series (1, 1986). |
| MZL |
Borger, Rykle, Mesopotamisches Zeichenlexikon (Alter Orient und Altes Testament 305), Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, 2003. |
| Neşr. C1 |
Tablet quoted in Veenhof 1989 (see Bibliography). |
| Ni |
Texts from Nippur (Archaeological Museum, Istanbul) |
| NPN |
Gelb, Ignace J., Purves, Pierre M., and MacRae, Allan A., Nuzi Personal Names. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1943. |
| OIP |
Oriental Institute Publications, Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, 1924 ff. |
| OIP 2 |
Luckenbill, Daniel David, The Annals of Sennacherib (Oriental Institute Publications 2), Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1924. |
| PRU |
Schaeffer, Claude F.-A., ed, Le Palais Royal d’Ugarit 1–6, Paris: Klincksieck, 1955–1970. |
| RIMA |
The Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia, Assyrian Periods, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1987 ff. |
| RlA |
Ebeling, Erich, Meissner, Bruno et al., eds, Reallexikon der Assyriologie und vorderasiatischen Archaologie, Berlin/New York: De Gruyter, 1932 ff. |
| RS |
Texts from Ras Shamra. |
| RV |
Rigveda ( |
| TC |
Contenau, Georges, Tablettes Cappadociennes (= TCL 4), Paris: Paul Geuthner, 1920. |
| TCL |
Textes cunéiformes, Musées du Louvre, Paris: Paul Geuthner, 1910 ff. |
| TL |
Kalinka, Ernst, Tituli Lyciae lingua Lycia conscripti (Tituli Asiae Minoris 1), Wien: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1901. |
| TLB |
Tabulae Cuneiformes a F.M.Th. de Liagre BöhI collectae, Leiden: Nederlands Instituut voor het Nabije Oosten, 1954 ff. |
| VAT |
Vorderasiatisches Museum, Berlin (Vorderasiatische Abteilung: Tontafeln). |
| VBoT |
Götze, Albrecht, Verstreute Boghazköi-Texte, Marburg: Author’s Printing Press, 1930. |
| YOS |
Yale Oriental Series, Babylonian Texts, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1915 ff. |
Linguistic and Paleographic Abbreviations
| abl. |
ablative |
| acc. |
accusative |
| c. |
common gender |
| CV |
consonant-vowel |
| CVC |
consonant-vowel-consonant |
| dat. |
dative |
| EL |
Empire Luwian |
| gen. |
genitive |
| IL |
Ištanuwa Luwic |
| imp. |
imperative |
| impf. |
imperfective |
| instr. |
instrumental |
| KL |
Kizzuwatna Luwian |
| l. col. |
left column |
| loc. |
locative |
| lo. e. |
lower edge |
| MB |
Middle Babylon |
| MS |
Middle Script |
| MH |
Middle Hittite |
| n. |
neuter gender |
| NB |
New Babylon |
| NH |
New Hittite |
| nom. |
nominative |
| NS |
New Script |
| OA |
Old Assyrian |
| OB |
Old Babylonian |
| obv. |
obverse |
| OH |
Old Hittite |
| OS |
Old Script |
| OV |
object-verb |
| PA |
Proto-Anatolian |
| PIE |
Proto-Indo-European |
| pl. |
plural |
| PN |
personal name |
| pres. |
present |
| pret. |
preterit |
| r. col. |
right column |
| rev. |
reverse |
| sg. |
singular |
| SOV |
subject-object-verb |
| SVO |
subject-verb-object |
| TL |
Tauriša Luwian |
| VC |
vowel-consonant |
| VO |
verb-object |
| VSO |
verb-subject-object |
Historical Periods and Other Abbreviations
| AMW |
Anatolian Metallic Ware |
| EBA |
Early Bronze Age |
| ETC |
East Transcaucasian Culture |
| ECh |
Early Chalcolithic |
| KG |
Kurgan |
| LCh |
Late Chalcolithic |
| LBA |
Late Bronze Age |
| LSU |
Landschenkungsurkunde(n) |
| MBA |
Middle Bronze Age |
| MCh |
Middle Chalcolithic |
| RBBW |
Red and Black Burnished Wares |