Index

279

Akerman, Chantal

440

Akgöz, Görkem

Akı, Niyazi

Akkaya, Gülfer

alcoholism

Alcott, Louisa May

Aldini-Valeriani Technical Institute

Alexander ii

Allgemeine Pensionsanstalt für Angestellte (Universal Pension Institute for Clerks)

131

Allgemeiner Österreichischer Frauenverein (GAWA) (General Austrian Women’s Association)

–

–

Allis-Chalmers

Alternative Project

–

Amalgamated Clothing Workers

American Federation of Labor (afl)

American Federation of Labor and Con-gress of Industrial Organizations (afl-cio)

486

American Slav Congress (asc)

–

American Youth for Democracy (ayd)

See also

Young Communist League (ycl)

Americanization

–

–

Amiradżibi, Helena

Amsterdam International

See

International Federation of Trade Unions (iftu)

anarchism/anarchist

Andersen, Hans Christian

–

–

Anderson, Benedict

–

androcentric labour historiographies

anonymity/anonymous

–

–

anti-emancipatory tendencies

405

anticolonial/anticolonialism

anticommunism

–

antifascism/antifascist

–

–

Antifascist Committee of Soviet Women (later Soviet Women’s Committee)

206

215

237

antiracism/antiracist

antisemitism

Apostles Lutheran Church

Appelt, Erna

117

Aranyossi, Magda

7n20

–

Arbore-Ralli, Ekaterina (Ecaterina)

Argentina

artistic work

–

Association of Hungarian Woman Workers (Magyar Munkásnők Egyesülete)

Austria/Austrian

–

–

Anschluss (1938)

First Republic

Austria-Hungary/Austro-Hungarian Empire/Austro-Hungarian Monarchy

–

See also

Habsburg Monarchy

Austrian Branch of the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom (Österreichischer Zweig der Internationalen Frauenliga für Frieden und Freiheit)

Austro-Fascism

Austrochem Company

autobiography

–

Aydın, Fatma

Baarn (Netherlands)

Bach, Alexander

Bad Aussee (Austria)

Bader-Zaar, Birgitta

Baitz, Lily

Balaban, Sadık

Balkan countries/Balkans

–

–

–

Ballard-Reisch, Deborah

438

Baloković, Zlatko

Balsoy, Gülhan

bans on work

–

–

Barbusse, Henri

Barca, Luciano

–

Bárczy, István

Barenbaum, Josef

Barrett, James

Barthel, Fred

Barzenc, Anna

Bates, Henry Walter

–

Bauer, Otto

Bauer, Riccardo

–

Bauerová, Jaroslava

–

Bebel, August

Bédy-Schwimmer, Rosika

See also

Schwimmer, Rosika

Beijing (China)

Beirut (Lebanon)

Beketov, Andrey

Beketova, Elizaveta

–

–

Belgium/Belgian

Bell, Allen

Belozerskaia, Nadezhda

–

–

Belsk (Poland)

Benešov u Semil

Benjamin, Walter

Berec Battery Factory

–

–

–

–

Berlin (Germany)

–

Berti Di Vittorio, Baldina

247

Beteva-Turgeneva, Mariia

Bethlen, István

–

Białystok (Poland)

Biçer-Deveci, Elife

biographical approach/writing/research

–

birth control

–

–

See also

contraception

Black Series (czarna seria)

Blaha, Franz

–

Bloch, Rosa

Block, Alexander

Bobrowicz, Edmund

Bohachevsky-Chomiak, Martha

Bokányi, Dezső

Bologna (Italy)

Bonfiglioli, Chiara

Boris, Eileen

–

Boschek, Anna

bourgeois/bourgeois-liberal feminist women’s organizations/groups

–

–

Brablcová, Vlasta

Bradow, George

Braille

Bratislava (Pressburg, Pozsony) (Slovakia)

113

–

114

breadwinner/breadwinner wage

–

–

See also

family wage

British Labour Party

218

Brno (Brünn) (today Czechia)

339n60

Brown, Wendy

Brunnbauer, Ulf

Brussels (Bruxelles) (Belgium)

–

–

Budapest (Hungary)

–

–

–

Bulgaria

–

–

–

Bund Deutscher Frauenvereine (Federation of German Women’s Associations)

336

Bund Österreichischer Frauenvereine (Federation of Austrian Women’s Associations)

124

Bund Sozialistischer Freiheitskämpfer (Socialist Freedom Fighters Association)

Butakova, Olga

Buxton, James

Bydgoszcz (Poland)

Canada

–

capitalist realism

care/care work

–

–

–

–

–

elder care/elderly care

–

–

voluntary care (work)

467

470

Career Counsellor (Pályaválasztási Tanácsadó)

Carinthia (Austria)

555

Çarşamba (Samsun, Turkey)

catholic, Catholicism

Celan, Paul

Çelik, Birten

Central All-Indonesian Workers Organization (Sentral Organisasi Buruh Seluruh Indonesia)

223n96

Central European University

Centralna Rada Związków Zawodowych, (crzz) (Central Council of the Trade Unions)

382

–

383

388

Československý svaz žen (čssž) (Czechoslovak Women’s Union, cwu)

–

–

Ceylon Trade Union Federation (ctuf)

223n97

Chambeiron, Rombert

212

Cherkesova (Ivasheva), Vera

298

316

Chicago, Illinois (United States of America)

child protection

childhood

Children’s Friends (Austria)

children’s homes

China

–

Christian-socialist women’s organizations

Christoffel, Harold

Chukovskii, Kornei

citizenship

–

Citrine, Walter

Civil Law Code (Allgemeines Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch)

civil rights

Civil Rights Congress (crc)

class analysis/class-based analysis

Cobble, Dorothy Sue

Cold War

–

–

–

–

–

collective action

–

–

collectivized childcare

colonialism/colony

–

Comintern

See

Communist International

Commission of Price Control (Poland)

363

366

Commission on the Status of Women, United Nations (csw)

–

–

communication

communist activist

Communist International (Comintern)

–

–

–

–

Communist Party of Ceylon

223n97

Communist Party of Germany (Kommu-nistische Partei Deutschlands)

Communist Party of the United States of America (cpusa)

–

528

Communist Women’s Movement (cwm)

–

–

–

–

comparative analysis/comparative perspective

–

competition for (woman) workers

concentration camps

Confederación de Trabajadores de América Latina, ctal (Confederation of Latin American Workers)

208

Confédération générale du travail (cgt) (General Confederation of Labour)

208

Confederación Sindical Latinoamericana (Latin American Trade Union Confederation)

152

Confederazione Generale Italiana dei Lavoratori (cgil) (Italian General Confederation of Labour)

–

–

Confederazione Italiana Sindacati Lavoratori (cisl) (Italian Confederation of Trade Unions)

249

Congress of Copenhagen

248

Congress of Industrial Organizations (cio)

–

–

contraception

–

–

See also

birth control

content analysis

324

330

Cope, Elmer

224n101

corporatism

–

Couette, Marie

Council Movement

Council of Ministers

covid-19

critical approach/perspective

7n20

–

critical discourse analysis

Croatia, Croatian

–

–

Croatian American

–

–

Croatian American Day picnic

Croatian Central Committee of Milwaukee

Croatian Fraternal Union (cfu)

–

Nada Lodge No. 255, Milwaukee

Croatian Radio Hour

Csepel (Budapest, Hungary)

504

Cucu, Alina

Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi (Republican People’s Party)

Czech/Czech lands/Czech Republic/Czechia

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Czech Woman Association of Production (Ženský výrobní spolek český)

Czechoslovakia/Czechoslovakian

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Częstochowa (Poland)

Dąbrowa Basin (Poland)

369

Dalos, György

Darányi, Ignác

340

Darnton, Robert

291

Darwin, Charles

308

Daskalova, Krassimira

3n5

52n169

Daubié, Julie-Victoire

–

Daul, Anton

–

Deakin, Arthur

–

–

Dean, Jodi

Declaration of Women’s Rights

240

243

deconstruction

democracy

–

Democratic Alliance of Hungarian Women (Magyar Nők Demokratikus Szövetsége)

Democratic Women’s Association (Demokratik Kadın Derneği)

Denmark

161

Der Österreichische Bankbeamte (The Austrian Bank Clerk)

120

126

Derrida, Jacques

Derviş, Suat

deskilling

Detroit, Michigan (United States of America)

Devrimci İşçi Sendikaları Konfederasyonu (disk) (Confederation of Progressive Trade Unions of Turkey)

280

Di Vittorio, Guiseppe

221

–

222

Diadiuk, Myroslava

Diagilev, Pavel

Dielitz, Theodor

Diena, Leone

discourse strategies

discrimination

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

distribution/division of (domestic) labour/work

Documents of Women (Dokumente der Frauen)

329

domestic work/workers/labour/tasks/econ-omy/sphere

–

domestic service/domestic servants

–

See also

misery of maids

Dorsey, James

513

530

Dostoevskaia, Anna

296

double burden

–

–

–

See also

second shift

Double v campaign

Dove, Mrs.

334

Dragoicheva, Tsola

Drakulić, Slavenka

430

Dual Monarchy

See

Austria-Hungary

;

Habsburg Monarchy

Duczynska, Ilona

Duda, Paulina

440

Duluth, Minnesota (United States of America)

–

Dutch Confederation of Trade Unions (Nederlands Verbond van Vakverenigingen)

220n81

Dzido, Marta

448

Dzięcielska-Machnikowska, Stefania

389

Economic and Social Council, United Nations (ecosoc)

–

–

economic miracle

education of women/women’s educa-tion

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

professional

–

See also

vocational training

egalitarianism

gender

–

racial

–

–

elder care

See

care/care work

elderly

–

–

elections

–

1922 Hungarian national

490

Eliot, George

293

Elisabetta Sirani Technical-Vocational Institute

250

Ellis, Joe

eloping

274

Emilia-Romagna (Italy)

Engelhardt, Anna

–

–

Engels, Friedrich

–

Enlightenment

equal pay/wages

–

–

–

–

–

See also

wage equality

Ermolova, Mariia

–

–

Ervěnice (Seestadtl) (Czechoslovakia; today Czechia)

Esperanto

etatism

ethnic/ethnicity

–

–

Executive Committee of the Profintern (ECCI)

–

exile

–

–

–

expertise

–

–

exploitation of female labourers

–

–

Faber, Gertrude

Faithfull, Emily

–

Falbo, Grace

Falk Corporation

fascism/fascist

–

–

–

family labour/work

family law

family planning

–

–

–

family policy

family relations

family wage

See also

breadwinner wage

fashion

306

329

330n23

Federazione Italiana Operai Tessili (Italian Federation of Textile Workers)

222n93

Federal Bureau of Investigation (fbi)

Federation of Austrian Women’s Associations (Bund Österreichischer Frauenvereine)

124

Federation of German Women’s Associations (Bund Deutscher Frauenvereine)

Federici, Nora

female employment

See also

women’s work

female labour

–

–

in service sector

See also

women’s work

female wage earners

209

See also

women’s work

feminism

–

–

Central European

communist

community

global

left

liberal, left-liberal

Marxist

progressive

radical

socialist

state

Western

working-class

–

narratology

See also

bourgeois/bourgeois-liberal feminist women’s organizations/groups

Feministák Egyesülete (FA) (Feminists’ Association)

–

–

–

political committee of

feminization of work/labour/profes-sions

322

403

422

Femmes Prévoyantes Socialistes (Future-Oriented Socialist Women)

Fickert, Auguste

–

–

Fidelis, Malgorzata

–

field letters

Figner sisters

Filosofov, Vladimir

Filosofova, Anna

First All-Russian Women’s Congress (Первый всероссийский женский съезд)

First Croatian Benefit Association

Fischer, G.

Fischerová, Miluše

Fisher, Mark

Flossmann, Ferdinanda

foster care

–

Fourierist

France/French

–

–

–

“Frau Kellog”

freedom of choice

Freudo-Marxism

Freundlich, Emmy

Fried. Krupp ag

Friedan, Betty

–

Friedjung, Prive

full equality

See also

total equality

Future-Oriented Socialist Women (Femmes Prévoyantes Socialistes)

501

Gaffert (Germany)

336

Gagarina, Zinaida

238

Galicia (Cisleithanian Austria; today Poland and Ukraine)

Gárdos, Mariska

Gaziosmanpaşa (Taşlıtarla) (Turkey)

267

–

268

Gdańsk shipyard

447

gender/gendered discrimination

–

–

–

gender equality

–

–

–

gender history

–

gender pay gap

gender-based imagined community

general labour law

General Textile Machines Factory

Geneva (Switzerland)

Gerber, Adele

Germany/German

–

–

–

–

–

East/Eastern Germany

–

–

German Democratic Republic (gdr)

462

Nazi Germany/“Third Reich”

Geyer factory

Ghodsee, Kristen

Gierek, Edward

–

Glenn (no first name given)

299

Glickman, Rose

Global South

globalization

Glöckel, Otto

120

Glücklich, Vilma

Goldman, Emma

Goldman, Wendy

Goldner, Nada

–

See also

Hudson, Nada

;

Oristo, Nada

Goldner, Paulina

See also

Oristo, Paulina

;

Tomljanović, Paulina

Goldner, Rudolfo

–

See also

Oristo, Rudolfo G.

Goldner, Zlata

See also

Oristo, Zlata

Golik, Krešimir

36n126

438

439n25

Голос Печатника (The Printer’s Voice)

–

Gomułka, Władysław

Goodwin, Brian

–

Gościmińska, Wanda

Gottwaldov (Zlín, Zlin) (Czechoslovakia; today Czechia)

–

416

Gradskova, Yulia

Grama, Adrian

Graz (Austria)

339n60

Great Britain/British

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

See also

United Kingdom

Great Depression

Great War

See

World War One

Gryczełowska, Krystyna

–

–

–

–

Guidelines for the Communist Women’s Movement

146

Gülsuna, Sevinç

Gyöngyös (Hungarian Kingdom, Hun- gary)

502

Habsburg Empire/Habsburg lands/Habsburg Monarchy

–

–

–

See also

Austria-Hungary

Háková, Libuše

402

406

–

411

Halberstadt (Germany)

335

Halladin, Danuta

435

438

Hanzel-Hübner, Mathilde

harassment

Hartford, Connecticut (United States of America)

339n59

Hauch, Gabriella

549

hauntology/hauntological

health care

Heimhof (Austria)

–

Hemmings, Clare

Hepbir, Ziya

–

–

“Heuvelmanns Lucienne”

high cost of living

high school

–

graduation/graduates

history from below

Hitler, Adolf/hitlerism

557

Holečková, Božena

Holland, Agnieszka

434

home front

home help/helpers

–

Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (holc)

–

Horthy, Mihály

–

household

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

housing

–

–

homeownership

renting/renters

open housing campaigns

Hüchtker, Dietlind

Hudson, James

Hudson, Nada

–

See also

Goldner, Nada

;

Oristo, Nada

Humanitarian Society (Società Umanitaria)

–

Hungarian Soviet Republic

Hungary/Hungarian

–

–

–

–

–

Hygh-Wycombe (England, Great Britain)

334

İçli, Hayrettin

İlerici Kadınlar Derneği (Progressive Women’s Association)

ig Farben

–

Bayer

–

Ilıcak, Şükrü H.

Il’ina-Tsenina-Zhukovskaia, Ekaterina

–

304

ilo Convention no. 89 (1948) “Night Work (Women) Convention (Revised)”

420

ilo Convention no. 100 (1951) “Equal Remuneration for Male and Female Workers for Work of Equal Value”

–

–

immigration

restrictions (USA)

–

imperial Russian printers’ movement

Imre, Anikó

433

Independent Order of St. Luke

individual psychology

–

551

industrial work/workforce/workers

–

Ingrisch, Doris

Institute for the Care of Mother and Child (Ústav pro péči o matku a dítě)

414

Institute of the Hungarian Workers’ Move-ment (Magyar Munkásmozgalmi Intézet)

integrative approach/perspective

–

International Alliance of Women (iaw)

International Association for Social Progress (iasp)

–

–

International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (icftu)

–

International Co-operative Women’s Guild

International Federation of Petroleum and Chemical Workers (ifpcw)

269

International Federation of Trade Unions (iftu)

–

International Fur and Leather Workers Union (iflwu)

International Institute of Social History (iish)

205

International Institute of the ywca

International Labour Organization (ilo)

–

–

–

Correspondence Committee on Women’s Work

203

International Trade Secretariats (its)

203

207

International Trade Union Committee for Negro Workers

152

International Trade Union Committee of Women Workers of the Profintern (itucwwp)

153

–

161

international trade union move-ment

See

trade unions

International Union of Fine Arts (Union Internationale des Beaux-Arts et Lettres)

334

International Union of Textile and Clothing Workers

222n93

International Woman Suffrage Alliance (iwsa)

325

International Women’s Secretariat (iws)

–

International Workers Order

Ireland, Irish

522

Irodalmi Újság (Literary Newspaper)

501

Iron Curtain

–

Iskierko, Alicja

İstanbul (Turkey)

–

İstanbul Akaryakıt İşçileri Sendikası (original name of Petrol- İş)

See also

Türkiye Petrol Kimya Lastik İşçileri Sendikası

Italian Federation of Textile Workers (Federazione Italiana Operai Tessili)

222n93

Italian Labour Ministry

250

Italy/Italian

–

–

–

–

–

Jacobs, Aletta

Jahoda, Marie

Jančovičová, Jolana

Janiszewska, Irena

Japan

–

Jaworska, Justyna

Jazdon, Mikołaj

Jetztzeit

–

Jewish/Jews

Jihlava (today Czechia)

Jim Crow

Jinga, Luciana

Jochmann, Rosa

549

558

564

Joint Consultative Committee on Women Workers’ Questions of the International Trade Secretariats

203

Journal of Private Clerks (Magántisztviselők Lapja)

Kaan, Richard

–

Kabrhelová, Marie

–

Kádár, János

–

Kalina (no first name given)

–

Kamieńska, Irena

–

–

Kampenter, William

Karabasz, Kazimierz

–

Karakışla, Yavuz Selim

Károlyi, Mihály

Kassa (Košice, Kaschau) (today Slovakia)

–

Kaya, Münevver

Kecman, Jovanka

Kende, Péter (Pierre)

Kenney, Padraic

–

Kemalism/Kemalist

Khudiakov, Ivan

Kirkova, Tina

Kirstowa, Maria

–

Kladno (Kladen) (Czechoslovakia; today Czechia)

Klagenfurt (Austria)

Klebelsberg, Kunó

Knoblochová, Jarmila

knowledge production

Koenker, Diane

Kolláriková, Gizela

174

184n57

Koller, Christian

Kollontai, Aleksandra/Alexandra Mikhai-lovna

147

–

148

Kolozsvár (Cluj-Napoca, Klausenburg) (today Romania)

Komisja Centralna Związków Zawodowych (kczz) (Central Council of Trade Unions)

376

Komunistická strana Československa (ksč) (Communist Party of Czechoslovakia)

–

Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands (Communist Party of Germany)

Kommunistische Partei Österreichs (KPÖ) (Communist Party of Austria)

555

559

564

Коммунистическая партия Советского Союза (кпсс/kpss) (Communist Party of the Soviet Union, cpsu)

147n18

153

160

Komunistka (Woman Communist)

179

181

Kordaszewski, Jan

384

Kosova, Zehra

Kostomarov, Nikolai

Krahelska, Halina

356

390

Kraków (Cracow) (Poland)

–

Krakow Film Festival

Krásnohorská, Eliška

Krones (nee Handl), Hilde

–

–

Krones, Franz

–

–

–

Krosno (Poland)

Kruk, Ewa

Krupp

See

Fried. Krupp ag

Krzycki, Leo

–

Kula Mensucat Factory

Kulka, Leopoldine

Kulpińska, Jolanta

Kun, Béla

–

Kupers, Evert

–

La Czenstochovienne factory

357

Labour and Socialist International

497

labour activism

and (fictive) kinship

–

–

mainstream forms of

of men clerks

–

repertoires of

See also

women’s labour activism

Labour Code

–

–

Labour Inspection

–

labour movement

–

–

–

–

labour protection for women workers/women-specific labour protec-tion

laicité

Lampland, Martha

landless agrarian workers

Landová-Štychová, Luisa

Latin American Trade Union Confederation (Confederación Sindical Latinoamericana)

152

Lavrov, Petr

295

–

299

Law on Associations (Vereinsgesetz)

Le Dentu, Camille

Lees, Florence Sarah

Left Turn

–

–

Legal Aid Section/legal aid service of gawa (Rechtsschutz-Sektion des Allgemeinen Österreichischen Frauenvereines)

Leichter, Käthe

Leichter, Otto

Lenin School

Lenin, Vladimir

–

Leninist

Lepence (Hungary)

Lesiakowski, Krzysztof

432

Levy, Michele

292

liberation

sexual

–

national

women’s

–

working-class

Liberec (Reichenberg) (Czechoslovakia; today Czechia)

464

–

465

Lič (Croatia)

Literary Newspaper (Irodalmi Újság)

literature

–

–

local social organizations

Łódź (Poland)

–

–

–

–

–

Łódź Film School

–

Loga-Sowiński, Ignacy

382

–

383

Lohndrückerinnen (salary ruiners)

127

London (United Kingdom)

–

–

Long, Kristi

long-term approach/perspective

–

Longo, Rosetta

242

Los Angeles, California (United States of America)

Lovestone, Jay

lower-class women

See also

working-class women

Łoziński, Marcel

448

Lozovsky/Lozovskii, Solomon

Lueger, Karl

Lutheran

–

Luxemburg, Rosa

Machová, Karla

Madison, Wisconsin (United States of America)

528

Magántisztviselők Lapja (Journal of Private Clerks)

504

Magántisztviselők Országos Nyugdíj-Egyesülete (National Old-Age Pension Association for Private Clerks)

132

Magyar Asszonyok Nemzeti Szövetsége (National Federation of Hungarian Women)

Magyar Munkásmozgalmi Intézet (In-stitute of the Hungarian Workers’ Movement)

Magyar Munkásnők Egyesülete (Association of Hungarian Woman Workers)

Magyar Nők Demokratikus Szövetsége (Democratic Alliance of Hungarian Women)

Magyarországi Magántisztviselők Országos Szövetsége (HAPC) (Hungarian Association of Private Clerks)

487

489

502

Magyarországi Szociáldemokrata Párt (SDPH) (Social Democratic Party of Hungary)

487

Malatyńska, Maria

449

Male and Female Textile Industry Workers Union (Związek Zawodowy Robotników i Robotnic Przemysłu Włókienniczego)

Malysheva, Mariia

–

marginalization/marginalized/marginal-izing

–

–

–

Maria Enzersdorf (Austria)

325

Markelova/Markelova-Karrik, Alexandra

–

See also

Karrik, Alexandra

marriage

–

ban

barrier

clauses

law

Marseilles (France)

Marshall Plan (Aid)

–

Martony, Ágnes

Marx, Karl

–

Marxism/Marxist

–

–

–

–

Marxist-Leninist dogma/theory

153n37

352

Massino, Jill

maternity

benefits

–

leave

–

protections

Matuszak, Grzegorz

Mazovetskaia, Eleonora

295

Mazurek, Małgorzata

389

Medical Women’s International Association (mwia)

188

Mediterranean

264

melancholy of the Left/left melancholy

Meller-Miskolczy, Eugenie

Men’zhinskaia, Mariia

Mendeleev, Dmitry

306

Merrill Park neighborhood, Milwaukee, Wisconsin (United States of America)

517

Metal-İş

methodological nationalism

Mexico

microhistory

middle-class women

–

–

migration

–

–

–

rural to urban

–

–

Balkan to Turkey

Millennium

Milli Türk Talebe Birliği (National Turkish Students Association)

Milwaukee County Conference on Social Legislation

Milwaukee Journal (mj)

512

513n1

Milwaukee Youth Orchestra

Milwaukee, Wisconsin (United States of America)

–

–

–

Menomonee River Valley

517

Milwaukee Youth Orchestra

Sixth Ward

Sixteenth Ward

–

–

Tenth Ward

West Division High School

Ministry of Finance

412

Ministry of Justice

Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs

Ministry of Public Education

234

236

Minnesota Steel (U.S. Steel)

Misař, Olga

misery of maids

338

Miszkiewiczowa, Stanisława

–

Modena (Italy)

Moik, Wilhelmine

Montagnana, Rita

morality

Morecka, Zofia

Morgan, Kevin

Morris family

Morris, Eola

Moscow (Russia)

–

–

–

–

–

motherhood

–

See also

maternity

Mount Vernon Gospel Church

Mucsi, Ferenc

Muslim workforce

mutual benefit societies

Nacar, Can

Nádas, Péter

Nagyné Szegvári, Katalin

Nalbaryová, Marie

Narezhny, Vasily

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (naacp)

513

530

National Association of Bank Clerks (Pénzintézeti Tisztviselők Országos Egylete)

–

National Association of Hungarian Women (Magyar Asszonyok Nemzeti Szövetsége)

National Association of Real Estate Boards (nareb)

1943 Manual

Code of Ethics (1913, 1924)

National Councils (Rady Naro-dowe)

386

463

National Old-Age Pension Association for Private Clerks (Magántisztviselők Országos Nyugdíj-Egyesülete)

132

National Socialism/National Socialist

544

557

560

National Turkish Students Association (Milli Türk Talebe Birliği)

National Women’s Union (Unione Femminile Nazionale)

244

nationalism/nationalist

–

–

Nederlands Verbond van Vakverenigingen (Dutch Confederation of Trade Unions)

220n81

Népszava (People’s Voice)

490

Népszava London (People’s Voice London)

489

Neues Frauenleben (New Women’s Life)

–

–

–

–

Neunsinger, Silke

–

New Left

New Women’s Life (Neues Frauenleben)

–

–

–

–

New York City, New York (United States of America)

Nezihe, Yaşar

Nichols, Bill

night work

–

–

Nightingale, Florence

nihilism

Noce, Teresa

–

Noi donne (We Women)

233

238

Nőmunkás (Woman Worker)

–

–

non-governmental organization

Nordstand, Josephine

Normalization (Czechoslovakia)

–

Norway

Nőtisztviselők Országos Egyesülete (NAWOW) (National Association of Women Office Workers)

–

–

nurseries

Oberhollabrunn (Austria)

336

Общество женского труда (Women’s Labour Society)

–

occupations

–

–

craftsmen

–

–

domestic servant/worker

–

manual labourer/worker

machinist

needleworker

operative

publishing industry

service worker

tannery worker

weaver

–

–

–

occupied Europe

Odaman, Fikriye

old-age pensions

–

Olomouc (Olmütz) (today Czechia)

339n60

416

Open Door International (odi)

496

open housing campaigns

See

housing

oral history

Organisation Todt

Oristo, Nada

–

–

See also

Goldner, Nada

;

Hudson, Nada

Oristo, Paulina

–

See also

Goldner, Paulina

;

Tomljanović, Paulina

Oristo, Rudolfo

–

See also

Goldner, Rudolfo

Oristo, Zlata

–

–

–

See also

Goldner, Zlata

Ortutay, Zsuzsa

13n49

Österreichische Volkspartei (ÖVP) (Austrian People’s Party)

560

Österreichischer Zweig der Internationalen Frauenliga für Frieden und Freiheit (Austrian Branch of the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom)

Ostrowska, Elżbieta

–

Ottoman Empire

–

264

278

Ovsiannikov, Valentin

pacifism/pacifist

–

Palumbo, Giuseppina

Pályaválasztási Tanácsadó (Career Counsellor)

Pan-Pacific Secretariat of the Profintern

Pantaleo, Marco

Paris (France)

–

Paris Commune

partisans

Partito Comunista Italiano (pci) (Italian Communist Party)

222n91

232

241

Party History Institute of the Central Com-mittee of the Hungarian Socialist Workers’ Party (A Magyar Szocialista Munkáspárt Központi Bizottságának Párttörténeti Intézete)

Pasadena, California (United States of America)

339n59

paternalism

Pauker, Ana

Paulmann, Richard

pay scales

–

–

peace

–

Pechatkina, Vera

Penn, Shana

Penny, Virginia

–

Pensioners’ Clubs (Kluby důchodců)

–

Pénzintézeti Tisztviselők Országos Egylete (National Association of Bank Clerks)

–

People’s Progressive Party

People’s Republic of Poland

462

People’s Voice (Népszava)

490

People’s Voice London (Népszava London)

489

Perevoznikov (no first name given)

Perkins, Charlotte Gilman

339n59

Perovskaia, Sofia

Pervan, Muazzez

Pest

See

Budapest

Pesti Napló (Pest Daily)

495

Péter Ágoston, Mrs.

Petőfi, Sándor

505

Peyer-Bethlen Pact

502

Peyer, Károly

503n76

Pfeiferová, Karla

Pfeilmayerová, Hermína

Philips, Marion

Picolato, Rina

Pigsville neighborhood, Milwaukee, Wisconsin (United States of America)

Pioneer (youth organization)

Piotrowski, Jerzy

Pisoni Cerlesi, Ines

Pittaway, Mark

placement service/job placement

pluralism

Pokorný, Jiří

Poland/Polish

–

–

Congress Poland

Policajné Riaditeľstvo (pr) (Police Directorate)

180

Polish National Audiovisual Institute

435

Polish Red Cross

See

Red Cross

Polish Workers’ Party (Polska Partia Robotnicza, ppr)

–

–

Polska Partia Socjalistyczna (pps) (Polish Socialist Party)

364

–

365

353n17

Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza (pzpr) (Polish United Workers’ Party)

–

Polski Komitet Pomocy Społecznej (pkps) (Polish Committee for Social Help)

–

–

Pollak, Marianne

–

Pollak, Oscar

Popova, Nina Vasil’evna

–

–

Popp, Adelheid

Popular Front

–

–

–

populism/populist

postcolonial approach/perspective

post-Cold War period

post-World War One period

171

post-World War Two period

–

–

–

postcommunist

postcolonial literary studies

post-Stalinist period

poverty

–

–

Practical Counsellors (Gyakorlati Tanács-adó)

340

342

Prague (Praha, Prag) (Czechia)

–

Prague Spring

precarity

press activity

–

printing industry

–

322

print unionism

–

100

103

Profintern (Профинтерн - Красный Интернационал Профсоюзов)

See

Red International of Labour Unions (rilu)

Proft, Gabrielle

497

Progressive Women’s Association (İlerici Kadınlar Derneği)

Prokopec, Jiří

405

Proletárka (Proletarian Woman)

–

–

–

–

–

–

pronatalism

prostitution

–

protection of women

protest

culture

cycle

wartime

women’s

–

–

–

working-class

See also

women’s labour activism

Pushkareva, Olga

queer theory

race

–

racial egalitarianism

See

egalitarianism

racially restrictive covenants

530

See also

housing

Radom (Poland)

Radvanová, Senta

Rady Narodowe (National Councils)

Raschke, Marie

rationalization

re-traditionalization of gender

420n84

Rechtsschutz-Sektion des Allgemeinen Österreichischen Frauenvereines (Legal Aid Section/legal aid service of gawa)

Red Army

Hungarian

Red Cross

Polish

Red International of Labour Unions (rilu, Profintern)

–

Red Scare

Redlining

See also

housing

reformist unions

See

trade unions

Reichsverein der Bank- und Sparkassen-beamten (Reich Association of Bank and Savings Bank Clerks)

–

–

religion

–

–

reproductive work

See also

care/care work

Republican Constitution

232

251

Republican People’s Party (Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi)

revisionism

revisionist approach/paradigm/scholarship/tendency

–

revolution

See also 1848, 1905, 1917, 1956

revolutionaries

302

556

564

Revolutionary Socialists (Revolutionäre Sozialisten)

544

553

–

554

Rezlerová-Švarcová, Barbara

Ribbing, Seved

right to work

–

–

Rijeka (Fiume) (Habsburg Monarchy, later Yugoslavia; today Croatia)

Rodano, Marisa

Roediger, David

–

Romania

Rome (Italy)

–

Rosenberg, Adele

–

Rosmer, Alfred

–

Rossi, Maria Maddalena

238

240

242

Российская социал-демократическая рабочая партия (Russian Social Democratic Labour Party)

Roudakova, Natalia

437

Rubinchik, Tat’iana Abramovna

102

–

Russia (Empire)/Russian

Russian Revolution of 1905

–

Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Российская социал-демократическая рабочая партия)

Sacred Heart Catholic Church

Saillant, Louis

212

–

214

Saint-Germain-des-Prés (Paris) (France)

492

Samsun (Ottoman Empire; today Turkey)

Sachse, Carola

Sanger, Margaret

189

Sappemeer (Netherlands)

Sarıoğlu, Safiye

Sass, Barbara

Sawicka, Hanka

Saxony (Germany)

–

–

Schadt, Mária

Schärf, Adolf

Scharf, Erwin

–

–

Schärf, Paul

Scharlieb, Mary

Schevenels, Walter

Schlesinger, Therese

Schwarz-Gagg, Margarita

Schwimmer, Rosika

–

–

See also

Bédy-Schwimmer, Rózsa

scientific work

–

Scott, Joan

Sechenov, Ivan

–

second shift

–

See also

double burden

Second World War

See

World War Two

segregation

employment, labour market

–

–

neighborhood

housing

Sekaninová-Čakrtová, Gertruda

402

self-reflexivity

Senior Citizens’ Association

465

Sentral Organisasi Buruh Seluruh Indonesia (Central All-Indonesian Workers Organization)

separate organizing

Serbia/Serbian

Sertel, Sabiha

sex education

sexism

–

sexuality

–

–

Shakeeva, Anna

Shoah

–

Shtakenshnaider, Elena

Shulgovskaia, Anna

–

Sinclair, Upton

single-kitchen house (Zentralhaushaltung, Einküchenhaus)

335

Sipos, Balázs

500

Skopje (Üsküp) (North Macedonia)

Skwara, Janusz

442

Slachta, Margit

495

Slavonia (Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, later Yugoslavia; today Croatia)

Sleptsov, Vasily

304

Slovakia/Slovakian

–

–

–

–

–

–

Slovenia/Slovenian

Smith, Gerald L. K.

social democracy/democrats

–

–

–

social democratic women

494n35

501

506

social democratic women’s associations

338

–

339

Sozialdemokratische Arbeiterpartei (sdap) (Social Democratic Workers’ Party)

social movement/s

–

social work/worker

–

Social-Revolutionary Party “Proletariat”

352

socialist feminism/feminist

See also

state socialism/state-socialist

Socialist Freedom Fighters Association (Bund Sozialistischer Freiheits- kämpfer)

548

Socialist International

–

socialist realism

Socialist Unity Party of Germany (Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands, sed)

476

Socialist Workers’ Youth (Austria) (Sozialistische Arbeiterjugend)

Sozialistische Partei Österreichs (spö) (Socialist Party of Austria)

544

553

Socialistka (The Socialist Woman)

Società Umanitaria (Humanitarian Society)

–

sociology/sociological/sociologist

–

–

–

solidarity

–

–

–

Solidarity (Solidarność)

–

Solingen (Germany)

Šolle, Zdeněk

Somogy (Hungary)

South Slavic

–

–

Southern Europe/European

264

Soviet press

Soviet Russia

Soviet Union/Soviet

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Союз Женщин (The Women’s Union)

–

Союз рабочих печатного дела (The Printers’ Union)

–

Spain

Spiegel, Tilly

spinners

–

–

–

Sroczyńska, Irena

St. Augustine Catholic Church

St. Petersburg (Russia)

–

–

–

St. Rose of Lima parish and school

Stalinism/Stalinist

–

Stasov, Dmitry

Stasov, Vasily

Stasova and Trubnikova’s Publishing House

See

Женская издательская артель (wpc)

Stasova, Nadezhda

–

–

Stasova, Poliksena

–

state socialism/state-socialist

–

and equal pay

and gender backlash

delegates at ilo

historiography on labour and women written during

–

352

historiography on women’s work and labour activism during

–

–

–

knowledge production, expertise during

–

trade unions

transition to capitalism

–

welfare policy

462

–

468

women’s organizations

47n160

Státní populační komise (SPOC) (State Population Commission)

Stegmann, Natali

Sternsdorff, Helene

Stites, Richard

Stopes, Marie

Stradom factory

Strasser family

Strasser, Isa

strike(s)

breakers/breaking

355

363

370

gendered history of

–

–

general

leaderless

of (men) clerks

sit-down/sit-in

spontaneous

–

Studer, Brigitte

Sturm, Hertha

Subbotina, Vera

Süddeutsche Zeitung (South German Newspaper)

suffrage/suffragist

–

–

–

female/women’s

–

–

–

Sulmenova, Anna

surname change

survey

–

–

–

Sušak (Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, later Yugoslavia; today Croatia)

Sutherland, Mary

218

–

129

Suvorin, Aleksei Alekseevich

104

–

105

Suvorin, Aleksei Sergeevich

311

Svaz důchodců (Senior Citizens’ Association)

465

Szeged (Hungary)

495

Szegvári-Nagy, Katalin

Szocializmus (Socialism)

Szymańska, Janina

–

tamburitza music

technical-industrial institutes

Teoman, Mücahit

Tes, Urszula

Textile & Clothing Industry Trade Union

textile industry

The Austrian Bank Clerk (Der Österreichische Bankbeamte)

120

126

The Printer’s Voice (Голос Печатника)

102n75

105

–

The Printers’ Herald (Вестник Печатников)

–

–

–

The Printers’ Union (Союз рабочих печатного дела)

102

–

105

The Socialist Woman (Socialistka)

The Woman. Feminist Journal (A Nő. Feminista Folyóirat)

–

The Women’s Union (Союз Женщин)

–

Thibert, Margherite

Thierry, Augustin

Three Slobodas Croatian-American Cultural Club

Tiblen (no first name given)

Tkachev, Piotr

309

–

311

tobacco industry

–

156

Todorova, Maria

Togliatti, Palmiro

241

Tomášek, Přemysl

419

–

420

Tomaszewska, Agnieszka

354n19

Tomljanović, Paulina

See also

Oristo, Paulina

;

Goldner, Paulina

Tormay, Cécile

total equality

127

142

See also

full equality

totalitarian approach/model/scholarship/school

Tóth, Eszter Zsófia

trade unions

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

international trade union move-ment

journals and publications

reformist unions

153

See also

(under) individual trade unions, trade union federations

Trades Union Congress (tuc)

–

translator

–

–

–

–

women translators

–

transnational/transnationally

–

–

–

transregional approach/perspective

–

Traverso, Enzo

545

–

Treaty of Trianon

Třebíč (Trebitsch) (today Czechia)

Trieste (Trst, Triest) (today Italy)

Trotskaia, Zinaida

Trubnikova, Mariia

–

Türkiye İşçi Sendikaları Konfederasyonu (Türk-İş) (Confederation of Turkish Trade Unions)

269

Turkey/Turkish

–

41n136

–

260

312

Türkiye Petrol Kimya Lastik İşçileri Sendikası (Petrol-İş) (Petroleum, Chemical and Rubber Industry Workers’ Union of Turkey)

–

–

See also

İstanbul Akaryakıt İşçileri Sendikası

Türkiye Tekstil Örme ve Giyim Sanayii İşçileri Sendikası (TEKSİF) (Textile, Knitting, and Clothing Workers’ Union of Turkey)

281

Tusch, Marie

Tyrkova, Ariadna

–

301

Uhrová, Eva

Ukraine/Ukrainian

unesco (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organi-zation)

–

Unione Donne Italiane (udi) (Union of Italian Women)

–

Unione Femminile Nazionale (National Women’s Union)

244

unions

See

trade unions (and individual trade unions and trade union federations)

United Auto Workers (uaw)

Local 75

Local 248

527n35

United Committee of South-Slavic Americans (ucssa)

–

United Kingdom

See also

Great Britain

United Nations

See

Commission on the Status of Women

;

Economic and Social Council

;

International Labour Organization

;

unesco

United Nations Decade for Women (1975–1985)

404n20

United States Immigration Act of 1924

See also

immigration restriction

United States of America

Universal Pension Institute for Clerks (Allgemeine Pensionsanstalt für Angestellte)

131

University of Vienna

335

unpaid labour/work

–

–

upper-class women

Ústav pro péči o matku a dítě (Institute for the Care of Mother and Child)

414

Ústí nad Labem (Aussig an der Elbe) (today Czechia)

464

Ústřední výbor Československého svazu žen (úv čssž) (Central Committee of the Czechoslovak Women’s Union)

401

409

421

Vágújhely (Nové Mesto nad Váhom, Neustadt an der Waag) (today Slovakia)

van der Linden, Marcel

van Dijk, Teun A.

van Os, Nicole

Verčík, Július

172

–

174

Vereinigung der arbeitenden Frauen (AWW) (Association of Working Women)

–

Вестник Печатников (The Printers’ Herald)

–

–

–

Veterans’ clubs

Victoria Press

Vienna (Austria)

–

–

–

–

–

(district of) Ottakring

Red Vienna

–

Vistelius (no first name given)

299

314

316

vocational training/education

–

–

–

Voitkevich (no first name given)

Volkssolidarität (VS) (People’s Solidarity)

–

–

–

voluntary care

See

care/care work

volunteer/voluntary

–

–

Vrútky (Ruttka) (today Slovakia)

176

Всесоюзный центральный совет профессиональных союзов (ACCTU) (All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions)

–

Výbor československých (ccw) (Committee of Czechoslovak Women)

–

wage equality

–

–

See

also equal pay/wages

wage gap/inequality

–

–

wage justice

–

wage system

–

–

Wagner, Hermann

–

Walentynowicz, Anna

Wallace, Henry

Waluk, Janina

–

Warszawa (Warsaw) (Poland)

Warszawski Komitet Wojewódzki Polskiej Zjednoczonej Partii Robotniczej (WKW PZPR) (Warsaw Regional Committee of the Polish United Workers’ Party)

360n42

Washington, DC (United States of America)

325

We Women (Noi donne)

Weber, Fritz

wedding

–

–

welfare

–

–

West Allis, Wisconsin (United States of America)

–

West Side Church of God in Christ

Westbrook, Robert

Western countries

Western Europe/European

–

white slavery

whiteness

Wickremasinghe, Sugiswara Abeywardena

223

–

224

227

Witaszewski, Kazimierz

220

–

222

Woman and Society (A Nő és a Társada-lom)

–

Woman Association of Production (Ženský výrobní spolek český)

Woman Communist (Komunistka)

Woman Question

–

Woman Worker (Nőmunkás)

–

–

Women and Social Movements in Modern Empires (wasmme) (database)

15n55

women clerks/female clerks

–

–

Women Translators’ Artel

See

Женская издательская артель (WPC)

women wage earners

201

210

See also

women’s work

women’s activism

474

–

475

477

and labour, work

–

and nation-building

communist

145

169

193

cross-border character of

global history of

56n174

historical contextualization of

–

in labour movements, trade unions

in state institutions

–

47n160

in state-socialist contexts

–

–

socialist and non-socialist

13n49

See also

middle-class women, protest

Women’s Central Committee of the spö

558

See also

Sozialistische Partei Österreichs

Women’s Commission, Women’s Department of the kczz

–

Women’s Day

–

Women’s Department of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

See

Zhenotdel

women’s employment

–

–

–

–

–

–

See also

women’s work

women’s equality

–

Women’s International Democratic Feder-ation (widf)

–

Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom (wilpf)

women’s labour activism

260

and activists’ biographies, life histo-ries

–

and agency

–

and care work

and educated women

and family and household

266

279

and filmmaking under state socialism

448

and gender backlash under state socialism

378

394

–

395

and labour movement historio- graphy

–

and labour movements

–

281

and modern economic develop- ment

–

and postsocialist transformations

461

and the state

–

and women’s expertise, knowledge production

–

–

and women’s movements

–

in men-dominated and women-only organizations

115

119

integrative and critical approach to

–

long-term development of (in the region of focus)

–

non-formalized

See also

working-class women, middle-class women

Women’s Labour Society (Общество женского труда)

295

–

297

women’s movement

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

women’s unionization

women’s work

–

–

attitude towards/prejudice against/stereotypes of/views on

historiography on

–

politics of/policies on

–

323

402

See also

care/care work, female employment, female labour, female wage earners, occupations, unpaid labour/work, women wage earners, women’s employment

Women’s World Committee Against War and Fascism (Paris Secretariat)

workers’ culture

371

workers’ gymnastic clubs

workers’ history

549

workers’ uprising (Austria, 1934)

–

Workers’ Opposition

working-class family

working-class culture

and sport

working-class women

–

–

–

–

–

–

Works Progress Administration (wpa)

World Federation of Trade Unions (wftu)

–

–

World War One

–

World War Two

–

–

–

–

Wrochno-Stanke, Krystyna

389n52

Yelets (Russian Empire, later Soviet Union; today Russia)

215

Yici, Özkal

260

Young Communist League (ycl)

528

–

See also

American Youth for Democ-racy (ayd)

youth movement

551

Yugoslavia/Yugoslavians

–

–

–

–

Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes

Zagreb (Croatia)

Zajedničar (Fraternalist)

Zakłady Żyrardowskie (Żyrardów Works)

–

–

–

Zambia

Zehlendorf (Berlin, Germany)

Zeidler, Carl

Zeidler, Frank

Zeminová, Fráňa

Ženský výrobní spolek český (Czech Woman Association of Production)

Zetkin, Clara

Zhenotdel (Женотдел, Женский отдел)

Женская издательская артель (WPC) (Women’s Publishing Cooperative)

–

–

–

Zikel, Heinz

Žilina (Zsolna, Sillein, Żylina) (today Slovakia)

114

185

Zlín (Zlin) (today Czechia)

Zurich (Switzerland)