Abbreviations
All biblical abbreviations follow the standard set by The SBL Handbook of Style, Second Edition (2014). The ways in which authors cite the editions of the texts they discuss may vary by essay. This is due to the fact that some scholars prefer, e.g., to cite Sefer Yosippon with chapters numbers plus the line numbers provided in Flusser’s edition, while others simply cite the chapters. Thus Flusser may be cited differently between essays. In general, authors have been allowed some leeway in using their preferred abbreviations, yet within the confines of a certain level of consistency across the volume.
| 1QS | Community Rule / Manual of Discipline (Qumran Scroll, Cave 1) |
| 2 Philip. | Philippica ii (Demosthenes) |
| Adul. Amic. | Quomodo adulator ab amico internoscatur (Plutarch) |
| Agr. | De agricultura (Philo of Alexandria) |
| Agric. | Agricola (Tacitus) |
| AJ | Antiquitates Judaicae (Flavius Josephus) |
| Alex. | Alexander (Plutarch) |
| Anab. | Anabasis (Arrian) |
| ANRW | Aufstieg und Niedergang der rom ischen Welt: Geschichte und Kultur Roms im Spiegel der neueren Forschung. Part 2, Principat. Edited by Hildegard Temporini and Wolfgang Haase. Berlin: de Gruyter, 1972– |
| Ant. | Antonius (Plutarch) |
| Antiquities | = AJ |
| Arist. | Aristides (Plutarch) |
| Aristocr. | In Aristocratem (Demosthenes) |
| Av. | Aves (Aristophanes) |
| b. AZ | Tractate Avodah Zarah (Babylonian Talmud) |
| BDB | Francis Brown, S.R. Driver, and Charles A. Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1952. |
| Bell. civ. | Bella civilia (Appian) |
| b. Gittin | Tractate Gittin (Babylonian Talmud) |
| b. Sanh. | Tractate Sanhedrin (Babylonian Talmud) |
| B. Meṣ. | Mishnah Bava Metzi’a |
| BJ | Bellum Judaicum (Flavius Josephus) |
| Brut. | Brutus (Plutarch) |
| CA | Contra Apionem (Flavius Josephus) |
| Caes. | Caesar (Plutarch) |
| Cher. | De cherubim (Philo of Alexandria) |
| Chron. | Chronicon (Eusebius of Caesarea or Jerome of Stridon) |
| Col. | De coloribus (Corpus Aristotelicum) |
| Contempl. | De vita contemplative (Philo of Alexandria) |
| CQ | The Classical Quarterly |
| DEH | De excidio Hierosolymitano (Ps-Hegesippus) |
| Dom. | Domitianus (Suetonius) |
| EJJS | European Journal of Jewish Studies |
| EkhZ | Ekha Zuta |
| EMML | Ethiopian Manuscript Microfilm Library |
| Ep. | Epistulae morales (Seneca the Younger) |
| Eum. | Eumenes (Plutarch) |
| Exil. | De exilio (Plutarch) |
| Fals. Leg. | De falsa legatione (Demosthenes) |
| FHG | Fragmenta Historicorum Graecorum. Paris, 1841–1870. |
| Flusser I | The Josippon [Josephus Gorionides]: Edited with Introduction, Commentary and Notes, Volume I. Edited by David Flusser. Jerusalem: Bialik Institute, 1978. [Hebrew] |
| Flusser II | The Josippon [Josephus Gorionides]: Edited with Introduction, Commentary and Notes, Volume II. Edited by David Flusser. Jerusalem: Bialik Institute, 1980. [Hebrew] |
| H&T | History and Theory |
| HALOT | The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament. Ludwig Koehler, Walter Baumgartner, and Johann J. Stamm. Translated and edited under the supervision of Mervy E.J. Richardson. 4 Volumes. Leiden: Brill, 1994–1999. |
| Hist. | Historiae (Thucydides or Tacitus) |
| Hist. Conscr. | Quomodo historia conscribenda sit (Lucian of Samosata) |
| HMML | Hill Museum & Manuscript Library |
| HTR | Harvard Theological Review |
| IC | Inscriptiones Creticae |
| IMHM | Institute of Microfilmed Hebrew Manuscripts (The National Library of Israel) |
| In Mach. | Oration 15, On the Maccabees (Gregory of Nazianzus) |
| JAJ | Journal of Ancient Judaism |
| JBL | Journal of Biblical Literature |
| JCS | Journal of Curriculum Studies |
| JHS | Journal of Hellenic Studies |
| JJS | Journal of Jewish Studies |
| JLA | Journal of Late Antiquity |
| JPS | The Jewish Publication Society |
| JQR | Jewish Quarterly Review |
| JRS | Journal of Roman Studies |
| JSIJ | Jewish Studies, an Internet Journal |
| JSJ | Journal for the Study of Judaism |
| JSQ | Jewish Studies Quarterly |
| JSS | Jewish Social Studies |
| JTS | Journal of Theological Studies |
| LAB | Liber Antiquitatum Biblicarum (Ps-Philo) |
| LamR | Lamentations Rabbah |
| LCL | Loeb Classical Library |
| Leg. | Leges (Plato) or De legibus (Cicero) |
| Legat. | Legatio ad Gaium (Philo of Alexandria) |
| LevR | Leviticus Rabbah |
| Loch. | In Lochitum (Isocrates) |
| Luc. | Lucullus (Plutarch) |
| Lys. | Lysander (Plutarch) |
| M&H | Medaevalia et Humanistica |
| Mar. | Marius (Plutarch) |
| MLugd | Martyrs of Lyon (from Eusebius of Caesarea, Historia Ecclesiastica 5.1) |
| Nat. | Naturalis Historia (Pliny the Elder) |
| Nat. an. | De natura animalium (Aelian) |
| NASB | New American Standard Bible |
| NJPS | New Jewish Publication Society |
| NRSV | New Revised Standard Version |
| Opif. | De opificio mundi (Philo of Alexandria) |
| Orat. | De oratore (Cicero) |
| PAAJR | Proceedings of the American Academy For Jewish Research |
| Pan. | Panegyricus (Pliny the Younger) |
| PesR | Pesiqta Rabbati |
| PG | Patrologia Graeca (J.-P. Migne) |
| PH | Pseudo-Hegesippus |
| Phil. | Philopoemen (Plutarch) |
| Phoen. | Phoenissae (Euripides) |
| Pomp. | Pompeius (Plutarch) |
| Praep. ev. | Praeparatio Evangelica (Eusebius of Caesarea) |
| Prob. | Quod omnis probus liber sit (Philo of Alexandria) |
| PW | Pauly-Wissowa, Real-Encyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft |
| PWSup | Supplement to PW |
| Quaest. conv. | Quaestionum convivialum libri IX (Plutarch) |
| Quaest. Gen. | Quaestiones et solutions in Genesin (Philo of Alexandria) |
| Quaest. Rom. | Quaestiones romanae et graecae (Plutarch) |
| REJ | Revue des Études Juives |
| Rhes. | Rhesus (Euripides) |
| Rhet. | Rhetorica (Aristotle) |
| Rom. | Romulus (Plutarch) |
| SCI | Scripta Classica Israelica |
| SEL | Studi epigrafici e linguistici sul Vicino Oriente antico |
| SifDev | Sifre Devarim |
| Spec. | De specialibus legibus (Philo of Alexandria) |
| SPhilo | Studia Philonica Annual |
| Sull. | Sulla (Plutarch) |
| SY | Sefer Yosippon |
| TDOT | Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament. Edited by Gerhard Johannes Botterweck, Helmer Ringgren, and Heinz-Josef Fabry. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1973. |
| Them. | Themistocles (Plutarch) |
| Tim. | Timoleon (Plutarch) |
| Virt. | De virtutibus (Philo of Alexandria) |
| y. Ber. | Tractate Berakhot (Jerusalem Talmud) |
| y. Naz. | Tractate Nazir (Jerusalem Talmud) |