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Coşku Çelik
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Index

2001 financial crisis ix, x, 2, 50, 51, 53, 92, 98
accumulation
by dispossession 9, 32, 122
by displacement 1, 122
capitalist 26, 27, 31, 33, 39
of capital 27, 36, 38, 47, 88, 121, 122, 123
See also primitive accumulation
agrarian
change ix, xiii, 20, 45, 85, 95, 103, 160
structure 2, 10, 24, 86, 90, 93, 96, 153
agribusiness
capital 2, 57, 92, 93, 118
firms 1, 43, 94
agricultural
employment 91, 95
producer 1, 7, 8, 13, 24, 30, 57, 94, 146, 152, 153
state economic enterprises 1, 2, 40, 43, 57, 90, 92
support 91, 91
Alevi 129, 138
austerity 165
authoritarian
authoritarian neoliberalism 15, 22, 119, 120, 121, 123, 150, 166
authoritarianism 120
capitalist patriarchy 84, 88, 154
care
economies of 129
work 20, 115, 116, 157
cash dependency 30, 67, 78, 89 112, 129
class
classes of extractive labour 7, 8, 20, 21, 22, 24, 43, 44, 45, 84, 85, 86, 88, 94, 95, 118, 152, 153, 154
classes of labour xi, 6, 43, 44, 86, 103, 121, 158
differentiation 26, 27, 86
formation 7, 21, 24, 41, 42, 44, 56, 86, 152
relations 6, 15, 16, 19, 31, 42, 44, 45, 46, 48, 49, 86, 90, 120, 121, 130, 136, 152
relational approach 4, 5, 21, 24, 42, 152
coal
exploration 55
extraction x, 9, 19, 50, 52, 56, 58, 60, 61, 62, 64, 70, 76, 79, 95, 96, 124, 126, 152
imports 54, 57, 165, 166
industry x, 21–23, 45, 49, 54–58, 61, 71, 83, 96, 104, 119, 123, 124, 134, 135, 147, 152, 156, 158, 163, 165
miners 9, 23, 58, 96, 136, 156, 163
mining ix, x, 3, 9, 12, 19, 49, 57, 58, 67, 69, 105, 112, 122, 130, 156, 166
policies 10, 122, 123, 124, 133, 137, 141, 153
rush 9, 10, 21, 45, 52, 54, 57, 58, 61, 69, 79, 80, 82, 85, 95, 127, 128, 146, 153, 163
commodification 28, 31, 33, 39–41, 49, 78, 84–86, 91, 112, 152, 159
consent 15, 16, 22, 37, 47, 57, 88, 119, 121, 123, 133, 143
construction (sector) 2, 40, 43, 51 55, 57, 69, 78, 94, 121
contract farming xi, 86, 94, 101, 106, 162
contradictory role of the capitalist state 47, 120, 121
control over production 2, 21, 28, 44, 87, 93, 94, 154
current account deficit 2, 51, 54, 57, 124, 152, 165
deagrarianization 2, 93, 153
decarbonization 163
depeasantization 40, 42, 43
deproletarian 41, 42
dispossession
forms of 32, 33, 39
of peasantry 5, 25, 28, 43
of small-scale agricultural producers 1, 30, 56–57, 155
of small-scale farmers 1, 2, 25, 38, 93, 117, 153, 159, 163
of rural population 1, 3, 8
of tobacco farmers 63
partly dispossessed 1, 5, 6, 29, 43, 118, 152
patterns of 1, 3, 10–12, 20–22, 24, 83, 84, 91, 95, 101, 118
process of 40, 82, 94, 152
See also accumulation by & land dispossession
diversification
livelihood 1, 6, 22, 24, 84–87, 94, 95, 102, 105, 106
income 94, 154
domestic
coal 9, 55, 57, 59, 83, 124, 166
energy 61
resources 2, 3, 52, 54, 59, 152
violence 37, 88, 116
ecological 8, 40, 89, 104, 121, 146, 147, 150, 158, 166
emotional work 34, 89, 115, 139
employment
creation 56, 58, 153
generation 8, 51, 57, 58, 84, 87
in the mines 58, 67, 131, 140, 155
opportunity 1, 9, 64, 66, 67, 78, 95, 125, 133, 134
See also agricultural employment, precarious employment, and unregistered employment
enclosure 2, 9, 32, 35, 39, 46
energy supply security 52, 54, 57–59, 165
export
led agricultural growth 89
oriented agriculture 90
oriented development 46, 50
extractive
capital 1, 3, 7, 8, 22, 24, 43, 48, 49, 68, 84, 89, 118, 119, 122, 123, 143, 147, 149, 150, 154
developmentalism 3, 7, 8, 21, 45, 122
household 8, 84, 152
investment x, 4, 20, 22, 24, 25, 43, 46, 57, 87–89, 95, 133, 146, 153
regions 3, 4, 7, 20, 21, 22, 24, 43, 44, 47, 49, 84, 87, 89, 94, 119, 152, 153
sectors/industries 3, 21, 44–46, 49, 56, 82, 87, 122
factory regime 46
feminization
of agriculture 8, 87, 95, 106
of workforce 157
focus group interviews 10, 12, 13, 16, 19, 20, 98
food
crisis 23, 158–160, 163
inflation 160, 161, 163
insecurity 158, 159, 161
fossil fuels 54, 156, 163
fractions of capital 52, 53, 55, 56, 58, 71
gender
division of work 45, 86, 87, 94, 102, 110, 117, 118, 152
gendered xi, 3, 19, 22, 31, 44, 83–85, 87, 91, 153
Global South ix, 1, 3, 5, 6, 34, 37, 40, 43, 45, 52, 87, 102, 103, 106, 112, 122
global value chains 3, 8, 47, 152
health and safety in the mines 60, 71, 75, 80, 123, 124, 127, 128, 133, 141, 149, 150, 166
housewife
housewifization 34, 37, 113
ideology 84, 88, 117, 154
housework xi, 34, 37, 88, 115–117
iceberg economy 34, 117
illegal mine 65, 66, 72, 78, 96, 137
import
dependency 2, 3, 9, 51, 54, 59, 83, 95, 124, 152, 160
substitution 50, 91
See also coal imports
income security 9, 100
indebtedness 2, 68, 110, 112, 138, 161, 162
informal subcontracting 72–77, 81, 82, 125, 128, 131, 135, 142
international
division of labour 40, 90, 91, 117
tobacco corporations 63, 100
Islam 51, 123, 134–136, 142
jobless growth 51, 56
just transition 23, 156, 163
labour control
local 3, 13, 15, 22, 46, 47, 58, 119, 128, 135, 136, 142, 143, 151, 152
mechanisms 15, 16, 58, 69, 77, 119, 142, 144, 153
regimes 8, 46–48, 135
strategies x, 3, 5, 22, 46, 47, 49, 119, 128, 143, 152, 153
labour regime x, 3, 4, 8, 10, 11, 14, 15, 20, 21, 22, 43, 46, 48, 49, 51, 86, 109, 119, 153
labour discipline 3, 4, 8, 13, 22, 25, 41, 48, 51, 80, 81, 119, 121, 128, 129, 131, 133–136, 138, 140, 141, 143, 150–152
labour intermediaries 72, 109, 128
labour process theory 8, 21, 45, 46, 48, 49, 82
labour regime x, 3, 4, 8, 10, 11, 14, 15, 20–22, 43, 45, 46, 48, 49, 51, 86, 109, 119, 153
See also labour control regime
labour supply 3, 8, 9, 21, 24, 63, 64, 82, 96, 100
land
degradation 22, 104, 107, 166
dispossession 5, 11, 16, 155
expropriation 1, 21, 26, 28, 43, 44, 89, 93, 103, 104, 146, 150, 154, 155, 166
grabs 112
landless 6, 30–32, 43, 44, 86, 98, 136, 152
lignite 9, 17, 54, 56–61, 66, 69, 78, 163
local
class relations 15, 16, 19, 130, 136
labour market 3, 8, 46, 69, 86, 119, 129, 136, 140
See also labour control
market
dependency 40, 43, 92
imperative 5, 39, 120
See also local labour market & rural labour market
Marxist 4, 5, 6, 21, 24, 25, 28, 33–35, 39, 42, 46, 88, 156
Marxist feminism 21, 24, 25, 31, 44
means of
production 1, 4, 5, 8, 24–28, 30–33, 38–46, 85, 86, 94, 122, 153
social reproduction 1, 5, 8, 24, 38, 40, 44, 86, 106, 122, 129, 147, 153
subsistence 6, 25, 28, 30, 32, 41, 43, 78, 89, 103, 112, 129, 137
migrant
family/household 16, 18, 67, 68, 106, 113, 128, 129, 130, 135, 138
labour 67, 113
women 20, 105, 106, 109, 110, 112, 113
worker 19, 29, 64, 66–68, 78, 82, 86, 95, 128, 129, 137, 138
mine
coal x, 9, 10, 12, 14–16, 18, 20, 21, 45, 59, 63, 64, 69, 82, 96, 102, 133, 141, 152, 165, 166
investments 8, 56, 78, 84, 112, 146
operated by the state 19, 53, 59–61, 64, 65, 67, 77, 131
surface 9, 59, 60, 61, 63, 69, 104
underground 9, 14, 15, 18, 20, 21, 45, 57, 59, 61, 63, 64, 69, 72–79, 82, 96, 100–104, 111, 123–128, 138, 144
miner
miner families 8, 10, 14, 16, 18, 19, 22, 68, 84, 96, 104–106, 111, 113, 114, 119, 133, 136, 143, 146, 154, 162
miner’s wife 7, 115, 126
Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources 17, 124
National Energy and Mining Policy 54
neoliberal
agricultural policies 1–3, 10, 43, 93, 117
rural development 1, 117
transformation of agriculture 1, 2, 5, 19, 57, 58, 63, 78, 89, 92, 101, 102, 112, 146, 153, 161
transformation of coal x, 9, 19, 22, 61, 105
See also authoritarian neoliberalism
non-capitalist 5, 6, 26, 27, 33, 34, 36, 37, 39, 88
ownership
land 6 38, 86, 90, 101, 136
of means of production 27, 31, 41, 43
pandemic 11, 16, 111, 157–160, 165
participant observation 10, 13, 14, 16–18, 20
patriarchal
household 20, 38, 84, 154
oppression 37, 88
peasant 30
relations 35, 117
patriarchy. See also capitalist patriarchy
peasant
differentiation of peasantry 26, 27, 30, 86, 153
household 30, 85, 89
production 27
traditional peasantry 5, 29, 85
petty commodity production 8, 20, 21, 29, 31, 40, 44, 49, 84, 86, 87, 92, 94, 95, 102, 105, 106, 112, 117, 138, 154
philosophy of internal relations 4, 24
politics of production 46
power bloc 47, 53, 55, 56, 58, 71, 121, 150, 166
precarious
labour 1, 14, 37, 51, 57, 65, 78, 85, 87, 88, 106, 122, 137, 141, 151, 154
conditions of food production 160, 161
conditions of social reproduction 67, 68, 106, 128, 153
primitive accumulation 5, 6, 21, 24, 25–35, 38, 39, 44
See also accumulation
private sector
energy investments 3, 53–55
mine investments 9, 19, 56, 61, 96, 133, 134, 163
privatization
of energy 53, 3
of coal extraction 56, 61, 63, 152
of public services 32, 33
of state economic enterprises x, 1, 2, 40, 43, 51, 52, 57, 92, 98, 100
production pressure 15, 21, 69, 71, 72, 74, 79–82, 123, 125, 126, 140, 153
proletarianization
of peasantry/rural populations 1, 2, 4–6, 9–11, 13, 20–22, 24–31, 38, 40, 42, 56, 63, 87, 93, 96, 102, 117, 150, 152–154, 159
patterns of xi, 1, 10, 11, 13, 19–22, 43, 83, 84, 91, 101, 146
protectionism 2, 40, 90, 91
qualitative research 11, 95
renewable energy 54
reproduction of labour power 7, 8, 20, 47, 48, 88, 89, 111, 126, 135, 154
resistance
anti-coal 104, 146, 147
moments of 15, 16, 22, 119, 133, 143, 146, 154
movements 3, 84, 135, 138, 147, 150
against collective redundancy 147–149, 152
royalty tender 9, 10, 55, 56, 61–64, 67, 69–71, 80, 81, 95, 96, 124, 127, 163, 164
rural
class structure 28, 43
commons 43, 44, 103
development 1, 22, 117
household 1, 8, 19, 49, 84, 86, 87, 94, 117, 153
labour markets 1, 45, 86, 117, 152
population 1, 3, 5, 6, 24, 26, 30, 40, 43, 85, 90, 94
proletariat 27, 29–31
social differentiation 105, 153
savings and efficiency plan 165
semi-feudal 37, 41, 42
semi-structured interviews 10–12, 14, 16, 20
simple reproduction squeeze 43, 93, 102, 106, 112
small scale farmer/farming 1, 2, 5, 8, 9, 2–25, 38–40, 43, 57, 59, 61, 84–86, 91–97, 109, 117, 146, 153, 154, 156, 158–161
snowball sampling 18
social reproduction
crisis of 157, 158
early social reproduction analysis 6, 7, 21, 33–37, 88
imperatives of 4, 12, 20–22, 44, 83–85, 105, 119, 153
of extractive/mining commonities 89, 111–117, 126
of migrant workers 106
regimes of 157
Soma Mine Disaster 10, 12–19, 22, 62, 63, 65, 66, 69, 70, 72, 79–81, 113, 114, 119, 122–128, 133, 135–143, 146, 147, 153, 156, 164–166
state
subsidies 1, 40, 43, 91, 94
support for agricultural producers 9, 63, 90, 91, 93, 94, 97, 98, 100, 153
support for the coal industry 55, 166
state-capital-labour-nature relations 11, 21, 45, 82, 153
subsistence
crisis 43, 87
farming xi, 20, 27, 34, 37, 49, 68, 87–90, 103, 105, 111, 112, 117
producer 6, 8, 21, 33, 34, 36, 37, 84, 87–89, 95, 102, 112, 113, 116, 138
See also means of subsistence
super-exploitation 2, 21, 44, 45, 79, 84, 88, 89, 115, 118, 154
surplus
labour 1, 6, 29, 43, 46
value 4, 27, 42, 47
survival strategy 6, 43, 57, 84, 87, 94, 163
Tekel x, 2, 9, 63, 97–100, 130, 131
tki x, 9, 14, 17, 56, 59–61, 63, 80, 82, 133, 164
tobacco
factories 63, 100
farmer x, xi, 9, 63–65, 82, 96–102, 104, 106, 107, 109, 111, 112, 150
farming 9, 20, 97–99, 101–103, 106–108, 112, 131, 146, 150
trade union
Dev Maden Sen 14, 143, 144, 148
disk 14, 131, 143–147
Maden Iş 17, 124, 128, 131, 135, 143, 144, 146, 166
Türk Iş 131, 144
Independent Miners Union 144, 145
ttk 56, 65
unemployment 51, 69, 110, 122, 125, 133–140, 144, 149, 150, 166
unemployed miners 76, 79, 81, 82, 100, 110, 125, 134, 136, 137, 139, 143
unpaid
unpaid family worker 8, 84, 95, 106, 108, 109, 116, 154
unpaid reproductive work 37, 84, 88, 105, 111, 115–117, 139
unregistered 58, 65, 72, 95, 109, 110, 117, 137, 139
wage
income 9, 63, 68, 78, 87, 103, 106, 113, 162
relation 30, 35
daily wage worker 13, 98, 102, 104, 105, 108, 161
Western Anatolia 3, 9, 10, 86
Workforce 1, 3, 6, 8, 41, 43, 44, 46, 57, 74, 87, 89, 95, 151, 157
Workplace 8, 10, 18, 22, 45–48, 74, 77, 111, 114, 119, 123, 128, 135
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Extractivism Across Production and Social Reproduction

Classes of Labour in Rural Turkey

Series:  Studies in Critical Social Sciences, Volume: 307/31 and  New Scholarship in Political Economy, Volume: 307/31
Cover Extractivism Across Production and Social Reproduction
E-Book ISBN:
9789004714410
Publisher:
Brill
Print Publication Date:
19 Nov 2024

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