Index

(Alexander III, Macedon, and Philip II are so common they have been excluded)

Achaemenid 38–9, 46, 50, 195, 282, 290, 310, 313, 399–400, 402–3, 411, 544–5, 560, 562, 564–6
Achilles 113–4, 211, 256, 303, 370, 396–7, 431–2, 451, 462, 464, 468, 470, 509, 561, 584–6, 597, 599. Homer, Patroclus
Adea/Adea Eurydice 503–5, 535–7, 541n43
Admiral 68, 91, 95, 100–1, 103
Aegae 136, 142, 167–8, 435, 450, 482, 536
Aegean Sea 21, 22, 90, 97, 99–104, 105n65, 116, 307, 332, 394, 564–65
Aegospotami, battle 407, 585, 598
Aeschines 27, 330, 534–5 559, 563
Aetius of Amida 305
Afghanistan 36, 61, 315, 318, 593
Agalasseis 228, 439, 468
Agathon 208, 228–9
Agema 154, 156, 158, 235
Agesilaus 43, 81, 300
Agios Athanasios 167
Agis III 103, 205–6, 213, 401–2, 409, 411, 539–40
Agrianes, Agrianian 6, 42, 46, 153, 192, 202, 207–13, 216–8, 223, 240–1, 284, 354, 503
Agriculture (includ. Farming and Pastoralism) 73, 83, 116, 119, 165–7, 173–4, 176, 249, 254, 270, 282, 287–92, 331, 532–4, 540, 352, 532–4, 540, 583. Economics, Grain, Horse breeding
Alcetas 152, 327, 503–5
Alexander IV, king 298, 540, 544
Alexander of Mieza 518
Alexander Mosaic 178
Alexander Sarcophagus 178, 180–1, 328n139
Alexandria 76,
Causasus 76, 454
Egypt 77, 210, 304, 437, 440, 453, 459
Eschate 77, 83n82, 291
Altheas 323
Alyattes 187
Ammon 377, 393, 398, 406, 416–9, 432, 449, 453, 455, 457, 461, 469
Amphictyonic Council/League 22, 26–30, 66, 434, 449–50, 556. Sacred wars
Amphipolis 19, 21, 26, 89, 99, 136, 224, 249, 259, 273–4, 294, 302, 309, 370, 532
Amphissa, Amphissians 27–8, 96
Amyntas II, king 265, 271
Amyntas III, king 18, 135, 140, 167, 298, 302, 310, 449, 481
Amyntas, brother of Peucestas 518
Amyntas, Lyncestian 235, 236
Amyntas Perdicca, IV? 136, 188–9, 232, 408, 501–3
Amyntas, son of Andromenes 66, 152, 231–5, 269, 273, 494
Amyntas, son of Arrhabaios 225–6, 228–9, 232
Andromachus 106, 194
Andronicus 195–6
Antigonid Dynasty 77
Antipater 73, 96, 101–3, 151, 194, 205–6, 213, 224, 232, 266, 294, 298–9, 331, 411, 486, 489n35, 502–3, 515–6, 535–6, 538–41, 544
Aornos, rock 83, 115, 122, 211, 291, 398, 431, 454,467–8
Apadana 565
Apis 81
Apollo 22, 24n43, 25, 27, 30, 432, 440, 444, 450, 454, 458, 464, 484, 556–7, 567, 580, 599
Apomachoi 252, 330
Archelaus 297, 481, 532
Archon, of Thessaly 25, 30, 66, 228
Archon polemarchos 273
Arete 479, 555
Argaeus, king 399
Argaeus, pretender 19, 135–7, 141, 189, 482–3
Argead 18, 20, 141, 165, 167, 264, 267, 298, 347, 399, 414–5, 431, 480–2, 502–3, 539, 540, 556
Arginusae, battle 595
Argos, Argives 70, 115, 205, 212, 463, 580
Argyraspids 159, 160, 234, 235–9
Aristobulus 191, 204, 313, 348, 413–4, 518
Aristeia 255–7, 397
Aristonous 516
Aristotle 118, 298–9, 302–4, 310, 313, 317, 502, 509, 511, 586–7, 591, 599
Arrhidaeus. see Philip III
Artabazus 83, 128, 289, 543, 545
Asian troops 79, 213–7, 223, 229, 336–7, 349, 370, 381, 404
Assyria, Assyrians 84, 289, 306, 405, 462
Asthetairoi 135, 152–4, 160, 231, 233–4, 270
Asymmetric warfare 80–2. Insurgency
Artemis 445, 451, 457, 463, 599
atakton tagma. see Indisciplined unit
Athena 43, 397, 432, 437, 451–4, 457, 463–4, 467, 580, 585, 598–9
Athens, Athenians 18–19, 21–2, 24–8, 43, 63, 65–6, 68–9, 81, 89–97, 100, 102n58, 114, 118–20, 122–4, 136, 137, 140, 145, 166–7, 171, 174–5, 176n45, 188–9, 191, 198–9, 207–9, 250, 272–4, 326, 330, 355n39, 394, 396, 401, 406–7, 410, 433, 437, 458, 482, 502, 534–5, 540n38, 541, 558, 567, 581, 584–5, 591, 593, 595, 598n73, 599n77, 600
Attalus (uncle of Kleopatra) 355, 491, 494
Audata 18–9, 207, 503, 535
Automedon 190
Babylon, Babylonians 49, 79, 314, 404–5, 420, 440, 446, 597
Bactria, Bactrians 37, 49, 61, 197, 213, 313, 361, 374, 402, 412, 490, 496, 506–7, 512, 544
Bactrian-Sogdian Revolt 73, 78, 82–4, 115, 122, 291, 364–6, 542, 544, 560, 562–3
Baggage 204, 254, 281–8, 290, 313, 324–7, 330, 543
Balacrus 152, 204, 210, 541
Balkans 204, 206–9, 212–3, 216–7, 241, 248, 260, 285, 321, 486–8, 496, 542
Bardylis 18–9, 136–41, 170, 207, 265, 352, 435, 448–9, 483, 503, 555–6
Barsine 516, 543, 545, 564–5
Bessus 83, 210, 291, 361, 402–3, 412, 443–4, 466, 492–3, 562, 567–8, 586, 590
Betis 113–4, 130, 590
Body counts 593–5
Boeotia, Boeotians 23, 25–6, 28–9, 118, 178–9, 181, 191, 203, 273, 354, 407, 434–5, 568, 589. Chaeronea, Thebes
Bonuses 195, 248, 253n35, 255– 7, 259, 288n16, 294–5, 331, 346, 361, 375–6, 378, 488, 594
Booty 94, 116, 122, 212, 248, 253–6, 351, 356–7, 365, 532, 563–7, 591
Bottiaia 224
Branchidae 406, 412–3, 420, 437, 443, 466, 470, 563–4, 568, 590
Brahmans 80, 439, 441, 467–8
Brasidas 165, 264
Bribery 19, 25, 65–6, 120, 125, 136, 166–7, 309–10, 352, 363, 464, 482
Bucephalus 55, 74, 175, 502
Burial 79, 142, 258, 317, 357, 436, 438, 443, 446, 449–50, 462–6, 468, 470, 536, 585, 595–6, 598
Byzantium 92–8, 114–5, 117, 122–4, 319–20, 434, 449nb
Cadmea 68–9, 406, 408, 597
Caeria 503
Calas 190, 192, 205, 227, 240
Callisthenes 41, 228, 267, 392, 397, 412–3, 417, 419–20, 437, 442–3, 466–7, 513, 517, 563
Caria 101, 214, 217, 358, 542–3
Cassander 192, 408, 515, 530, 536, 544
Casualties 24, 51, 54–6, 62–4, 66, 114–7, 126–7, 140, 142, 258, 266, 304, 316–7 323, 326–9, 357, 359, 373, 409–10, 434n27, 436n38, 444, 449–51, 455, 463–6, 468, 482–3, 530, 552, 555, 560–1, 582, 584–5, 593–6
Cathaeans 211, 552
Cavalry 42, 166–8, 170–2, 192, 204–207, 211, 213–4, 223, 228–9, 236, 248, 259, 265, 291, 321, 366, 376, 384, 407, 481–2, 495–6. hamippoi, Hipparchy, Horse breeding, Ile, prodromoi
Allied (except Thessalian) 42, 84, 192, 204–5, 208, 211–3, 224–6, 228–30, 265–6, 496
Arms and armor 178–83, 209n25
Bactrian 49–50, 84
Commanders/Officers 224–32, 239–40, 515, 521–2. Hipparch, Ilarch
Macedonian 40–52, 55, 136, 146, 155–6, 159, 164–73, 178–83, 192, 207, 209n25, 210, 214, 223–6, 231n32, 258, 264–9, 271, 284, 330n148, 407, 481, 483, 485–7, 490, 494, 506–7, 512, 515, 521
Persian 40–52, 169, 172, 177–8, 180, 204, 213–4, 229–30, 290, 381, 521–2
Scythian 49–50, 230–1
Thessalian 20, 24–5, 45–6, 52, 146, 173–9, 183, 192, 202–3, 206, 209, 211n29, 212, 223, 227–8, 240, 266, 484
Ceremony 79, 258, 417, 521
Chaeronea, battle of 18, 26–31, 45, 56, 64–5, 78, 88, 97–8, 124, 140–2, 170–1, 183, 203–4, 207, 217, 266, 272, 316, 357, 370, 394, 486, 489, 502, 537, 595
Chalcidian League 21, 26, 124, 557–8
Chalcidice, Chalcidians 21–2, 26, 124, 265, 301, 557–8
Charidemus 486, 559–60
Children 47, 67, 71–2, 81, 83–4, 116, 118–9, 128, 197, 217, 241–2, 326, 331–2, 357, 363, 367–8, 375, 378, 394, 410, 433, 452, 516, 529, 531–4, 537–42, 545–6, 552, 558, 563, 584, 589, 591–2, 594, 597, 600
Chiliarch/Chiliarchy 150, 158, 232–3, 236–7, 240, 258, 515–8
Chios, Chians 94–6, 100–3, 124, 253
Cicero 120, 429, 438
Citizen soldiers 117, 264, 266, 269–70, 539
Cleitarchus 191, 412–3, 417, 420, 429, 437, 439, 442n72
Cleitus, the Illyrian 209–10, 233
Cleitus the Black, son of Dropides 43, 180, 190, 223, 225–6, 233–5, 268, 363, 408, 431, 440, 445, 454, 460, 467, 489–91, 493, 506–8, 512–3, 515, 520, 522
Cleitus, the White 153, 233–5, 238
Clemency 66, 412, 439, 441, 444, 463, 471, 564, 590, 598–9
Cleon 63, 584, 600
Coenus 55–6, 66, 152–4, 196–7, 257, 318, 468, 491, 496–7
Coeranus 204
COIN. see Counterinsurgency
Coinage 61, 91, 167, 174–5, 178–9, 250–3, 256–7, 271, 365, 393, 398–9
Colonists. Settlers
Combined arms 142–4, 164, 168–71, 173, 243
Common Peace 29, 78, 91, 97, 407
Companions. see Hetairoi
Companion Cavalry. see cavalry, Macedonian
Conscription 151, 207, 213, 266–9, 272–3, 329
Conspiracies 355n39, 362n66, 363n71, 443, 460, 467, 490–1, 493–4, 496, 503, 512
Corinth, Corinthians 29, 69, 70, 78, 354, 581, 591
Corinthian League. see League of Corinth
Corrhagus 273
Cossaeans 73, 217, 382
Cothelas 72
Counterinsurgency 4, 61, 80–85, 361, 364
Craterus 55, 66–7, 106, 153, 214, 226–8, 232–5, 237–9, 242, 303, 324, 378, 440–1, 453, 460, 489, 513–4, 516, 519, 520, 540–1
Crete, Cretans 45, 174, 189, 207
Critobulus of Cos 298
Crocus Field, battle of 18, 20–6, 30, 170, 176, 183, 203, 265–6, 449, 484, 556, 589
Crucifixion 24, 70, 83, 122, 127, 130, 309, 410, 542, 556, 588–9, 591, 598
Cynnane 502–5, 535–6, 541
Cyropolis 210, 364, 562
Cyrus I, king of Persia 130, 218, 300, 303, 305, 316, 325, 404–5, 469, 591
Cyrus II, king of Persia 565
Cyrus, pretender 38
Danube, river 72, 98–9, 124, 354, 450
Daric 256
Darius I, king of Persia 71, 80–1, 310, 404, 443, 562n49, 567
Darius III, king of Persia 39, 40, 42–52, 57, 70, 79, 103–4, 125, 173, 177–8, 194–5, 198, 210, 256, 289–91, 294–5, 309–10, 314, 358–60, 393, 396, 401–3, 405, 409–14, 419, 440, 442, 458–9, 464–6, 486, 488–9, 492–3, 495, 506, 516, 541, 543–5, 560–5, 567, 586, 590
Dedications 43, 228, 429, 431–2, 435–6, 443–5, 448, 450–6, 466, 517
Defection 98n43, 103–4, 232, 253, 486
Delian League 217, 586–7
Delphi 22, 66, 227, 415, 418–9, 434–5, 439–40, 449, 457, 466, 556–7, 580. Amphictyonic Council
Demetrius, admiral 95
Demetrius Poliorcetes 114, 123, 317
Demetrius, son of Pythonax 513
Demetrios, son of Althaimenes 268
Demophon 438, 445, 455, 461
Demosthenes 19, 27–8, 66, 69, 89–92, 94, 118–9, 145–6, 166–7, 174, 189–90, 250, 252, 351, 430, 485, 534–5, 555, 557–9, 591
Desertion 23, 82, 188, 253n36, 329, 352–3, 370, 372, 483–4, 486, 588
Didyma 412, 437, 443, 466
Dimnos 363, 512
Dimoirites 149–50
Diocles of Carystus 299
Diodotus 584, 600
Diogenes 211, 441
Discharge 76, 118, 160, 195, 228, 235, 238, 251–2, 256, 258, 316, 330–32, 346, 354, 375–82, 404, 497, 546
Discipline 41, 51, 72, 146–7, 242n65, 271–5, 327, 346–8, 351–4, 359, 362–3, 372, 374n121, 377, 379n140, 380–3, 485, 491, 556. Indiscipline, Indisciplined unit, Rewards and honors
Dioxippus 273
Docimus 191
Dory 180
Drachma 193, 250–1, 255, 270
Dracon of Cos 306, 311–2
Drangiana 362, 493, 512
Drypetis 516
Ecbatana 71, 73, 195, 252, 295, 359–60, 362, 381–2, 509, 514
Economics and economy 94, 165–6, 174, 183, 188, 192, 195–8, 248–9, 253–4, 270, 288–90, 292–5, 358, 531–5, 538–40, 546, 557–8. Booty, Pay, Slavery, Women
Enslavement. see Slavery
Entertainment 258, 346, 348, 353. Games
Epaminondas 52, 135, 168, 192n12, 273n29, 482
Ephorus 123, 555
Epigonoi 202, 206, 214–8, 241–3, 375–6, 378–9, 403–4, 469, 496, 497n65, 539, 546
Epirus, Epirotes 21, 27, 57, 153, 321, 490, 503, 540
Erigyius 192, 228, 240, 324, 466, 491
Ethnic stereotyping 38, 88, 94, 254, 272–3, 561, 587
Euboea 89, 91, 101–3, 189–90
Eumenes 238, 293, 316, 514
Euphrates, river 287, 560
Euthyphro 581
Exiles 198–9, 253, 406, 482, 534
Extispicy 430, 432, 435–8, 441, 448, 460–1
Famine 540
Field hospital 327–8
Funerals 167, 256, 299–300, 314, 316, 431, 438–9, 444, 452, 461, 465–6, 469–70, 488, 497, 509–10, 517, 536, 543, 595. Burials
Games 26, 158, 199, 254n43, 256, 258–9, 274, 331, 371, 431, 435, 444–5, 450, 452–6, 582
Ganges, river 214, 243, 496, 560
Gaugamela, battle of 35–8, 42, 45, 48–52, 54, 56, 152, 171, 177–8, 194–5, 204–8, 210, 213, 217, 224–5, 229–30, 232, 236, 254–5, 257, 267–9, 287, 289, 304, 314, 326–7, 356, 394, 402, 405, 410, 413, 419, 436–8, 446, 453, 459, 465, 486, 488–9, 506, 512, 560
Gaza 66, 71, 113–15, 121–2, 126–7, 130, 204, 283, 286, 291, 294–5, 303–4, 397, 452, 459, 464, 542, 561–2, 590
Getae 72, 354
Gedrosia 130, 211, 218, 238, 291, 304, 315–16, 326, 373–4, 404, 443, 455, 469, 545–6, 592
Generalship 144–5, 281, 301, 483–4, 487
Grain 92–4, 103, 124, 174, 283, 286–8, 313, 529, 533, 540
Granicus River, battle of 35–7, 40–5, 47, 49–50, 54, 152, 169, 171–2, 177, 179–80, 182, 193, 205, 208, 210, 225, 228–9, 232–3, 258, 284, 290, 294, 305, 354, 357, 401, 409, 414, 436, 438, 451, 457, 463, 490, 506–7, 539–40, 560–1, 589, 594
Guerrilla 75–6, 80–2, 291, 364. see Asymmetric warfare, Insurgency
Halicarnassus 102, 104, 115, 123, 236, 327, 356, 359
hamippoi 156, 159, 168–9, 171–2, 181. Cavalry, Macedonian
Harmatelia 439, 468
Harpalus 192, 227, 520, 541
Hector 113–14, 117, 397, 543, 585
Hegemon 25, 29–31, 78, 97, 223, 331, 354, 446
Hellenic League. see League of Corinth
Helots 81–2, 533, 581
Hephaestion 68, 224–6, 233–4, 309, 376, 381, 397, 431–2, 439, 445, 451, 455–6, 461, 470, 501, 506–20, 522, 544
Hera 585, 599
Herbal medicines 299, 302, 305, 313, 320–1
Heraclea Lyncestis 137–8, 140–1, 170, 179, 183
Heracles 70, 104, 109, 117, 125, 274, 398–400, 409–10, 416, 420, 431–2, 434, 440–1, 444, 447, 450–3, 455–6, 458, 462–4, 467–8, 562, 568
Heraclitus 595, 599–600
Hermolaus 363, 490–1, 493
Hetairos/hetairoi 136, 153, 166, 223, 227–8, 233, 238, 249, 259, 302–3, 480–1, 485, 504–5, 510–2, 514–5, 522, 535
Hieron 94
Hierophant 448
Hipparch/Hipparchy 224–9, 233–4, 268–9
Hippocrates, son of Dracon 298–9, 306–8, 311–2
Hippocratic Corpus 299, 301–2, 304, 307–8, 312, 314, 319, 328–9
Hipponicus 190
Hippoteia 173
Hippotrophia 166, 173, 176
Homer 41, 113–4, 116–8, 187, 237, 258, 317, 397, 431, 446, 479–80, 509–10, 543, 545, 584, 592, 599–600
Horse breeding 166–67, 174–5. Cavalry
Hostages 84, 215, 241, 482, 496, 551–2, 579
Hydaspes River, battle 35–7, 53–6, 157, 196, 206, 210–1, 214, 230–4, 237–8, 242, 255–6, 317, 370–1, 437–8, 445, 454–5, 468, 495, 518
Hypaspists 42, 46, 105, 135, 148, 150, 153–60, 168–9, 172–3, 205, 209, 234–41, 235–41, 251–2, 270, 284, 378, 380–1, 404, 487, 490
Hyphasis River 56, 117, 196, 208, 214, 237, 243, 246, 258, 366–72, 374–5, 377–79, 381, 399, 404, 431n11, 436, 443, 455, 460–1, 468, 491–2, 494–7, 520
Ilarch 224–7
Iketerios 439
Ile, Ilai 223–8, 267–9
Ile Basilike 224–8, 268
Illyria, Illyrians 18–21, 63–5, 68, 73, 77, 136–8, 141, 146, 153, 156, 170, 175, 178, 188, 192, 207–9, 211–3, 233, 241, 246, 254, 345, 352, 401, 406, 434, 449, 457, 481–3, 487, 496, 501, 503, 531, 535–6, 552, 555–6, 567
Impiety 405, 433, 437, 443, 447, 466, 468, 508, 580, 586
India, Indians 35–7, 53–6, 63, 66, 73–4, 76–77, 80, 84, 109, 117, 196, 204, 206, 208, 210–1, 214, 216, 230, 233–4, 237–39, 241–42, 246, 254–6, 291, 298–9, 304, 313–5, 317, 320, 325, 332, 365–8, 370–4, 376, 397–400, 403, 411, 420, 436–7, 439–41, 454–5, 460–1, 467–9, 493, 496, 512–4, 518, 537, 542, 544, 552, 560, 562, 587, 593. Aornus rock, Hydaspes River, Hyphasis River, Indus River, Malli, Punjab
Indus, river 54, 67, 109, 196, 211, 246, 284, 371–4, 436–7, 439, 454–5, 460–1, 468, 479, 495–6, 514, 518, 560, 593. Hydaspes River, Hyphasis River, India
Indiscipline 23, 159, 272, 346–8, 350, 352–53, 357–60, 362–5, 367, 369–74, 377–84, 484, 486, 491–3, 556
Causes/Contributing factors 247, 258, 347–8, 360, 364–5, 367–9, 372, 378–80, 394, 404, 486, 490–4, 496
Expression of Grievances 369–72, 381, 491–2
Insubordination 23, 159, 272, 347, 353, 358–60, 373–5, 380n46, 382–3, 446n102. Defection, Desertion
Mutiny 272, 377–81, 496–7, 520
Punishment 236n45, 362–3, 371, 378, 381, 385, 493. Discipline, Indisciplined Unit
Resolution 368–71, 380–1, 492,
Triggers 348, 353, 365, 367, 369, 375–80, 486, 496,
Indisciplined unit (atakton tagma) 362–63, 493
Inner Front 61, 74–80
Insubordination. see Indiscipline
Insurgency 61, 75–6, 80–85, 361–2, 364, 366. Asymmetrical warfare, Counterinsurgency, Guerrilla
Iphicrates 140, 145–6, 209
Iraq 281
Isocrates 188, 197, 212, 587, 597, 599
Issus/Issos, battle 35–6, 39, 42–52, 54, 99, 102–4, 125, 152, 171–3, 176–8, 194, 204–5, 208, 210, 213, 226, 232–3, 236, 254–5, 295, 303, 305, 314, 325–7, 356, 394, 396, 398, 401, 409, 436, 438, 440, 443, 445, 452, 464, 510, 543, 560–1, 564, 568
Kalanos 439, 461, 469–70
Kazakhstan 73
Kingship 39, 49n28, 69, 78, 300, 302–3, 393–4, 398, 402, 408, 414–5, 479–97, 517, 520, 522, 556
Kopis 179
Lamian War 198–9, 228, 252, 539
Land grants 76–8, 173, 249, 257, 269–70, 350, 354, 485, 504, 531–2. Settlements
Langarus 241, 503
Lanice 506–8
Leadership 26–7, 29–30, 36, 39, 41, 43, 49, 56–7, 117, 148, 226, 231–43, 310, 322, 345–8, 350, 352–3, 359, 372, 380, 382–4, 447–8, 479–82, 486, 497, 501–2, 516, 518, 521–2
Lechaeum, battle 585
League of Chalcidice. see Chalcidian League
League of Corinth 29–31, 69, 124, 192–3, 195, 202–6, 212–3, 217, 223, 228, 252–3, 331n150, 394–6, 401–2, 407, 419, 446, 537, 563, 580
Leonnatus 211, 326, 518, 520
Leosthenes 198
Litters 323–4, 327
Logistics 35, 37, 39, 44, 62–3, 54n38, 92, 98–9, 114, 116, 121–3, 154, 165–6, 197, 250–1, 281–95, 318, 320, 323, 331n150, 346, 351n20, 358, 365, 367, 371, 512
Lower Macedonia 18, 141, 151, 231–2, 556
Loyalty 27, 75, 78–9, 101, 129, 151, 190, 205–6, 230, 235n43, 246, 345, 348, 350, 352, 372, 379, 381, 413, 480–1, 485, 493–6, 504–7, 511–4, 517, 521–2
Lucian 208, 429, 509, 553, 555
Luttwak, Edward 17, 75–6, 349
Lycia, Lycians 101, 104, 214, 441, 460, 529n1
Lydia, Lydians 187–8, 213–4, 217, 415, 506
Lyncestis 138, 141, 152–3, 170, 183, 264
Lysimachus 303–4, 518
Lysippus 258
Macedonian assembly 214, 249, 376–9, 408, 480, 486, 491,
Machiavelli, Niccolὸ 76
Malli/Mallians 66–8, 117, 127, 149, 156, 197, 211, 251, 309, 311, 372–4, 437, 443, 445, 455, 461, 469, 518–19, 593
Manpower, Macedonian 88–9, 116, 119, 264–5, 319, 328–9, 434, 438, 538–40
Mantic 438
Maracanda 210, 507
Maritime hegemony 88, 91–2, 97, 101, 103
Marriage 18–21, 72, 79, 84, 119, 127–30, 207, 215, 217, 241–2, 256, 266n5, 302, 322n115, 358, 363, 375–6, 394, 403, 503–4, 516–7, 532, 538–9, 541–6, 559
McNamara, Robert 593
Meda 72, 207
Medicine 296–332
Supplies 317, 319, 320–1, 323
Medism 407, 563
Melos, Melians 63, 590–1, 599
Memnon of Rhodes 73, 99, 101–2, 115, 205, 290–1, 545, 565
Menecrates of Syracuse 298
Menidas 194, 229
Mercenaries 19, 22–25, 38–9, 42–3, 45–7, 76, 100, 103, 118–9, 123, 129, 136–7, 140, 145–6, 146, 172–3, 187–200, 204–7, 209–10, 212–13, 216–17, 223, 227–9, 234n41, 240–1, 248, 250–2, 255–6, 258, 270, 300, 319, 346, 349–50, 354–6, 360, 362, 365n78, 367, 374, 382, 401, 467, 481–2, 484, 489, 540–43, 561, 587–9, 595
Methone 22, 65, 136, 298, 351, 356, 418, 479, 535, 557
Mieza 509, 518
Military Unrest. see Indiscipline
Misthophoroi 229, 556, 561
Misthos 250–1
Molossia, Molossians 21, 209, 431
Mutiny. see Indiscipline
Mytilene, Mytilenians 63, 101, 584, 600
Nasos 253
Nation building 74, 77, 85
Navy 88–110, 206, 286
Allied 252–3, 286
Athenian 24, 68, 89–98, 100, 102n58, 123
Cypriot 102, 104–9
Macedonian 68, 88–110, 123–4, 126, 218, 253, 291–2, 371–2, 445n95, 518
Persian 68, 99–104, 409
Phoenician (except Tyre) 71, 102, 104–9
Tyre 105–109, 126
Nearchus 68, 109, 214, 218, 293, 348, 374, 545
Neogamoi 232, 252
Nicanor (fleet commander) 99
Nicanor (commander of Hypaspists) 158, 236–7, 465, 487, 489
Nicanor Stela 179
Nicolaus of Damascus 187–8
Nomos 435, 446, 596
Odrysians 192, 207–8, 212–3, 241
Olympias 21, 27, 121, 396, 399, 418, 440, 446, 449, 456–7, 464, 466, 469, 511, 529, 532, 535, 540, 544, 590
Olynthus, Olynthians 21, 26, 65, 76, 119–20, 165, 255, 265, 301, 308, 351, 355–6, 533–4, 557–60, 567, 580, 590–1
Omens 100, 358, 429–32, 435, 437–47, 450, 453–62, 585–6
Onomarchus 22–5, 114, 123, 170, 352–3, 483–4, 556–7
Opis 79, 154, 156, 164, 208, 214, 216, 236, 239, 247, 249, 253–6, 258, 292–3, 348, 367–8, 376–81, 394, 400, 403–4, 431, 455, 469, 496–7, 520, 532, 539
Oracles 66, 398, 406, 414–9, 431–2, 437–40, 441, 443–4, 446, 449, 457–60, 462, 580. Delphi, Didyma, Siwah
Oratory 70, 89–91, 100, 104, 119, 164, 196, 208, 247, 249, 253–4, 256, 293, 318, 353, 360, 368, 370, 372, 374, 378, 381, 394, 396, 398, 403, 409, 413, 417, 436, 442–3, 482, 486, 491–6, 532, 540, 599
Orphans 363, 533, 539, 594
Oxydracae 67, 518
Paeonia, Paeonians 18–21, 42, 63, 136–7, 141, 192, 202, 207–8, 211–3, 231, 308, 482–3, 496, 531
Pages or Paides 148, 151, 156, 231, 238–9, 443, 460, 467, 490–1, 496. Hostages
Pangaeum 189–90
Panhellenism 29–31
Parades 431, 450–3, 597
Parmenion 41, 45–6, 48–9, 51–2, 98–101, 177–8, 192, 204, 207, 209, 225, 227–8, 230–1, 235–7, 266, 268, 309–10, 324, 347–8, 355, 362, 440, 458, 485, 487–94, 497, 502, 545, 561. Philotas, Thessalian Cavalry
Parthia, Parthians 213n35, 506, 555
Patroclus 256, 321, 397, 451, 466, 470, 509, 584–5. Achilles, Homer
Pausanias, bodyguard 191, 353
Pausanias, doctor 303, 306–7
Pausanias, king of Macedon 167
Pausanias, rival of Philip II 19, 136, 188–9
Pausanias, rival of Perdiccas II 264
Pay, military 22–3, 149, 188, 192–3, 206, 217, 246–59, 270, 293–5, 312, 331–2, 346–7, 351, 354, 360–1, 363–4, 375–6, 378, 380, 383, 532, 539, 585–6. Bonuses, Booty
Peithon 152, 211, 233–5, 238, 518
Peloponnesian War 19, 63, 69, 82, 115, 120, 188, 209, 264–5, 407, 581n6, 591, 595–6, 599–600
Peltasts 173, 202, 207–12
Penestai 173–4, 533
Pentakosiarch 149–50, 158, 236–7
Perdiccas II, king 165, 264–5, 298, 399, 532
Perdiccas III, king 18, 63–4, 136, 140–1, 188–9, 232, 352, 408, 479, 481–3, 485, 501, 531, 555
Perdiccas, battalion commander, regent 152–4, 211, 226, 232–5, 238, 284, 384, 407, 503–4, 516, 518–20, 535, 541
Pericles 188, 595
Perinthus 92–95, 114–5, 117, 122–4, 356
Persepolis 66–7, 71, 73, 80, 195, 254, 267, 284, 295, 331, 358, 399, 402, 445, 453, 465, 521, 529, 565n62
Sack of 71, 79–80, 254, 267, 295, 356–7, 359, 399, 402–3, 406, 410–3, 436–7, 442, 465, 492, 529, 541, 564–8, 588–9
Perseus, king 144, 147, 213
Persian Gates 62, 66–7, 210, 226, 443, 460, 465
Persian Wars 25, 29–31, 37n7, 65n15, 140, 195, 585
Persis 61, 67, 195, 295, 379, 518–9
Petraeus, David 74–5, 77
Peucestas 156, 217, 257–8, 303, 496, 506, 518–22
Pezhetairoi 135, 138–41, 154–9, 169, 182–3, 224, 226, 231–5, 237, 240, 242, 249, 266, 351, 481–2, 504, 520–1
Pharkedon, Pharkedonians 190
Pherae 20–5, 175, 179, 557
Philip of Acarnania 303, 306–12, 317
Philip III (Arrhidaeus), king 20, 481, 502–4, 535–7, 540, 590
Philip V, king 95, 144, 147, 213, 329
Philippeion 430–1, 435, 448
Philocrates, peace 26–7, 65, 91
Philotas 66, 192, 210, 225–6, 228n17, 231, 236–7, 268, 325, 362–3, 442, 460, 487, 489–91, 493–4, 506–7, 512–3, 517, 540–1, 561. Parmenio
Phocis, Phocians 22–6, 28, 76, 91, 114, 123, 203–04, 228, 407, 433, 437, 447, 449–50, 483–4, 556–7, 567. Crocus Field, Onomarchus, Third Sacred War
Phoenicia, Phoenicians 70, 71, 99–109, 115, 124–6, 194, 283, 409
Piracy 90–1, 98, 103, 124
Piety 69, 81, 429, 434–7, 439, 443–4, 447, 449–50, 466, 470, 484, 508
Plato 118, 145, 174, 311–2, 581, 586, 599
Plunder. see Booty
Polemocrates 152, 233, 257
Polybius 69, 77, 81–2, 144, 300, 321, 324, 553, 579–80, 584
Polydorus of Teos 299, 306
Polymachos 469
Polyperchon 226, 231–5, 516
Population transfers 76, 84–85, 531–2
Porus 37, 53–6, 66, 196, 210, 214, 216, 256, 317, 366, 368, 495, 600
Poseidon 78, 451, 580, 585, 599
Potidaea 21, 76, 89, 121, 530, 557–8, 590–91
Prizes 117, 158, 236, 256, 514, 545
Prodromoi 171–2, 180, 225–6, 228–30
Prohedria 258
Promotion 151–3, 158–60, 223, 227–8, 257–8, 346, 382, 404, 444, 487n28, 502, 512
Proskynesis 242, 378, 466–7, 492, 513
Prosthetics 331
Protesilaos 451
Psammon 441
Ptolemy, son of Lagus 56, 67, 226, 304, 328, 348, 367–8, 397, 408, 410, 413, 419, 440–2, 461, 515, 518, 541, 561, 588
Ptolemy, son of Philip 229
Ptolemy, son of Seleucus 232–33, 235
Ptolemy II 543
Punjab 117, 196, 366. Hydaspes river, Hyphasis river, India, Indus river
Pydna 19, 76, 121, 144, 147, 299, 308–9, 540, 544
Pythian Games 26, 435, 450
Ranks 28, 77, 138–9, 141, 146, 148–52, 157, 159, 182, 193, 224–7, 236–243, 248, 256–7, 259, 266, 301, 306, 317, 319–21, 323–4, 328, 348, 369, 403, 486–7, 505, 515, 520–2, 553, 564
Rapid Dominance/Shock and Awe 61–65, 67–8, 71, 74, 553
Rations 145, 250–1, 287, 313, 320, 351, 359, 363–4
Rewards and honors 83, 128, 159–60, 210, 213, 223, 227, 234, 247–9, 255–9, 293, 299–300, 302, 310, 317, 320, 324, 329n146, 331, 346, 351, 353, 354, 357, 363, 444, 461, 463, 466, 471, 378, 381, 383, 452, 461, 466, 480, 484–5, 495, 504, 517, 534, 588, 595, 601
Rhoesaces 506
Rites, religious 79, 316, 399, 430, 438–9, 443–4, 446, 456, 461, 464, 509–10, 584–5, 595. Extispicy, Sacrifices
Roxane 127, 129, 215, 306, 544
Sacred Band 29, 56, 142, 146, 170–1, 482, 502–3, 509
Sacred Truce 580, 582, 584
Sacred War, Fourth 27, 76, 407. Amphictyonic council
Sacred War, Third 21–7, 202–3, 265–6, 407, 433–5, 449–50. Amphictyonic council
Sacrifices 104, 125, 358, 368–9, 396–9, 418, 429, 432–8, 441–62, 468, 585, 595, 599. Extispicy, Rites
Samnites 597
Sanctuaries 22, 125, 435, 437, 484, 557, 565
Sardis 187, 205, 284, 294, 451, 458, 463
Sarissa 42, 47, 135, 137–160, 164, 181–3, 224–6, 231, 242, 271–2, 482
Cavalry sarissa 180–3, 209n25, 225. cavalry, Macedonian
Sarnusians 552
Sassanid 79
Scythia, Scythians 27–8, 49, 73–4, 77, 82, 210, 303, 434, 443–4, 466, 496, 534, 536
Seleucid Empire 62, 79, 148, 302, 311
Seleucus 223, 234n41, 238, 274n36
Semiramis 130, 218, 404
Service conditions, military 8, 151, 199, 228, 248, 249 nn11 & 16, 269–70, 314, 317, 329n147, 330, 345–84
Settlers 76–8, 92–3, 249, 270, 330, 463, 532. Land grants, Population transfers
Sexual abuse 529–31, 535, 537, 540, 542–3, 545, 551, 559–60, 564, 567–8, 592
Sicarii 81
Siege 36–7, 70, 78, 81, 91–95, 99–102, 104–109, 113–30, 142, 144, 156–7, 159, 194, 197, 210, 236, 255–6, 282–3, 285–6, 288, 294–95, 298, 301, 304, 317n94, 318, 327, 350–1, 355–6, 361, 366, 398, 406, 407n74, 409–10, 418, 434, 445, 449, 452, 479, 558, 562n51, 583–84, 587, 589, 597
Siege Engines 94, 106–7, 109, 114, 120–23, 126, 128, 283, 351,
Silphium 313
Sitalces 165, 208, 213, 469
Siteresion 250–1
Sittacene 148, 236, 258
Siwah 398, 406, 414, 416–19, 453, 459, 464, 470
Slavery, slaves 64, 66, 68–72, 76, 81–4, 90, 109, 122, 255, 311–12, 319, 328, 410, 529, 530–1, 533–5, 537–546, 551, 557–61, 564, 567–8, 581, 584, 587, 589–600. Booty, Sexual abuse, Thebes’ destruction, Urbicide, War crimes, Women
Sogdian Rock 115, 117, 119–20, 127–30, 256, 443, 466
Sogdiana, Sogdians 61, 73, 77–8, 82–4, 115, 117, 119–20, 122, 127–30, 159, 197, 213, 242, 256, 291, 306, 314, 364–6, 374, 412, 439, 443, 466, 496, 506–7, 512, 542, 544, 560, 562–3
Solygeia, battle of 595
Somatophylakes 223, 239, 353, 505, 507, 512, 518
Sparta, Spartans 22, 29, 37, 43, 52, 64, 69–70, 81–2, 103, 115–16, 119–20, 135, 146, 165, 175, 192, 205–6, 209, 264–5, 293, 300, 326, 401–2, 408–9, 509, 539–40, 580–1, 583, 585–6, 591, 597, 599
Spitamenes 83–4, 196, 210–11, 495
Spithridates 43, 79–180, 506
Spoils. see Booty
Stability Operations 61, 74–80, 82
Successors 71, 110, 139–41, 151, 154, 159–60, 200, 217, 238, 243, 258, 304, 408–9, 411, 503, 519–20, 539
Συμμαχία, Σύμμαχοι (allies/alliances) 19–22, 26, 28–9, 43, 46, 63n11, 64, 68–9, 72, 84, 89, 91, 94–7, 102, 119, 123–5, 127, 165, 171, 176, 188, 192–5, 202–7, 209–10, 212–3, 216–8, 227–30, 240–2, 248, 250–3, 256, 264, 266, 331, 349–51, 353–6, 360–2, 367, 434, 483, 486, 491–3, 495, 555, 558, 567, 582, 586–7, 590
Suppliants 437, 439, 441, 464, 468, 582
Susa 71, 73, 148, 150, 153, 195, 198, 215, 227, 242, 256, 284, 293–95, 330, 374–6, 378, 403, 436, 445, 453, 460, 488, 496, 506, 516, 518, 520, 544, 567
marriages 215, 256, 403, 516, 520, 543–4
Symposium 490, 559
Syria, Syrians 45, 104, 124, 214, 287, 460
Tanais, river 73, 437, 442, 454, 460
Tarn, W. W. 215, 293–4, 412, 414, 420, 588, 592
Taxis, taxeis 150, 223, 229–30, 232, 267, 327
Taxes 258, 331–2, 357, 463, 497, 594
Taxiles 66, 212, 214, 216–7
Temples 69–70, 127, 397, 405, 409–10, 412, 417, 433, 437, 444, 449–51, 457–8, 461–5, 470, 556–7, 565, 579–80, 589
Terrorism 63, 81, 593
Thebes, Thebans 22, 27–9, 52, 56, 65, 68–71, 96, 119–20, 115, 119–20, 124, 135–7, 140, 146, 168–71, 191, 204, 206, 209, 233, 241, 272–3, 354–6, 394, 399, 401, 405–10, 413, 416, 450, 457, 462–3, 468, 482, 502–3, 509, 530, 537–8, 540, 542, 558, 561–4, 568, 586, 591 , 597. Boeotia, Sacred Band
destruction 68–70, 101, 115, 191, 204, 206, 233, 241, 272, 354–6, 399, 401, 405–10, 413, 437, 462–3, 468, 530, 537–8, 540, 542, 561–4, 568, 579–80, 586, 590, 597
Theophrastus 139n16, 173–4, 299, 313, 429
Theopompus 156, 166, 235, 270, 322, 555
Thessaly, Thessalians 20–30, 45–6, 66, 88–9, 114, 164, 171, 178–9, 183, 190, 192, 202–3, 206, 209, 211–2, 223, 227–8, 233n39, 240, 252–3, 265–6, 295, 299–300, 350, 353–4, 398, 435, 449, 462, 483–4, 540, 556–7. cavalry, Thessalian
Thessalian League 27, 228
Thrace, Thracians 18–9, 21, 26–7, 42, 45–6, 63, 65, 69, 72, 88–9, 92, 95–6, 101, 118–9, 123, 136–8, 140–1, 157, 165, 178, 192, 202–3, 205, 207–12, 223, 228–9, 240, 250, 254, 295, 345, 415, 481, 487, 496, 537, 557, 589
Thucydides 82, 116, 118, 121, 165, 178, 581, 587, 589, 591, 593, 595–7, 599
Tigris, river 198, 358, 376, 442, 453, 465, 486
Timoclea 537
Triballians 72–3, 141, 192, 207–9, 213, 241, 534
Tribute 73, 289, 294–5, 463, 598
Trireme 88–91, 93–4, 97, 99–100, 102–3, 105–8, 210, 253, 539
Triumph, Roman 594–5, 597
Tychon 301
Tyre, Tyrians 36, 70–1, 104–10, 114–5, 117, 122, 124–7, 156, 194, 256, 282–3, 285–6, 291, 295, 356, 398, 405–406, 409–10, 434, 436–7, 440–1, 444–5, 447, 508, 464, 529, 542, 561–2, 565, 590
United Nations 551–52, 579
Upper Macedonia 18–20, 64, 77–8, 82, 128, 151–3, 231–2, 242, 325, 479–80, 483, 487, 531, 556
Upper satrapies 196, 197
Urbicide. see Malli, Olynthus, Persepolis, Thebes, Tyre
Uxians 66, 73, 240
Verdun, battle of 593–4
Vergina. see Aegae
Veterans 135, 156, 159, 195, 200, 214, 227, 235, 238–39, 247, 258, 301, 316, 318, 322, 331–2, 354, 363, 375–82, 404, 483, 485, 488–89, 492, 546
Vulgate 122, 128, 148, 281, 293, 397, 439, 441, 447, 490
War crimes 551–68, 578
War wounds 315–32
Women 49n30, 67–68, 116, 128, 314n84, 410, 508, 529–46, 552, 559, 564, 589, 592
Enslaved 71–72, 81, 83, 410, 531, 534–35, 537–38, 540–43, 551, 558–59, 564, 584, 589, 591–92
Fighters 116n12, 119–20, 535–37
Royal, Macedonian 18–20, 72, 84, 127–30, 207, 450, 502–4, 516, 535, 540–1, 544. Adea Eurydice, Cynnane, Olympias, Roxane
Royal, Persian 516, 543–45, 564
Wives, non-Royal 195, 302, 363, 367n83, 532–3, 538–39, 541, 543, 545–6. Marriage
Widows 531–3, 539, 545
Xenophon 118, 165, 168, 174, 178–9, 300, 303–4, 312, 326, 430, 446, 539, 586, 598
Xerxes 29, 38, 39, 71, 80, 140, 395, 405, 412, 436, 443, 564–7, 585, 587
Xyston 180, 183
Zeus 78, 214, 228, 398, 416–7, 432, 450–3, 458–9, 463–5, 467, 580, 585, 599
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