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Index of Names and Subjects

Abrocomas 30–33
Abuqir 130n38
accounts 73
acculturation 202
Achaemenes son of Darius 29
Achaemenid history, new 2
Achaemenids 49, 50, 65, 71, 78
communications system 8
empire 81, 84
postal service 8
roads 8
rule 7, 79, 88, 103
Achoris (Hakor) 33n27, 139
Acre 35, 42
administration 11, 13, 21, 46
Adoption stele of Nitokris 186
Aegean 12, 27, 85
Agathocles, king of Sicily 14n32
Agathocles, son of King Lysimachus 14n32
Agesilaus 92
Agilkia 142
agriculture 46
Ain Shams 134
Akhmin 12
alabastron 225, 227–229
Alcetas 41
Alexander III the Great viii, 1, 4, 6–12, 14–16, 18, 22, 28, 30, 39, 49, 52, 53, 55–57, 81, 100, 101, 103, 104, 121, 122, 124, 135, 167, 176
capture of Tyre 4
conquest of Egypt 2
corpse of 10, 39
cult of 10
death of 1, 73
empire of 71
hearse of 10
mausoleum of 10
ring of 1, 40
Alexander IV 4, 9, 14, 56–58, 121, 124, 125, 146, 150, 151, 166, 168, 183, 191, 194
Alexander V of Macedon 14n32
Alexander-Romance 145
Alexandria 1, 3, 4, 5, 9–11, 13, 15n34, 17–20, 22, 38, 43, 47, 53, 54, 57, 65, 83, 104, 105, 109, 130n38, 131, 133, 134, 145–153, 199–234
Library 1, 17, 22
Museum 17, 22
Temples 38
alum 77
Amada stele 179
Amasis II (= Ahmose II) 17
ambulatories 141
Amduat 177
Amenemhet 191
Amenhotep II 179–181
Amenhotep III 18, 126, 180, 181, 185, 195
Amenhotep, high priest of Amun 182n106
Ameny 191
Amphipolis 51
Ammon 18, 145, 146
amphorae 204, 212, 213, 224, 226
Amun (equivalent in interpretatio Graeca to Ammon) 11, 18, 74, 75, 106, 132, 135, 137, 139, 145, 146, 167, 181, 182, 185–187, 193
Amun-Re 146, 185
Amyrtaeus (Amenirdisu) 28, 124n14
anatomy 1
Anemhor II, high priest of Ptah 62n53
Anglo-Dutch wars 27
animal cult 135, 151
Antigonia on the Orontes 42
Antigonid kingdom/empire 2, 56
Antigonids 22
Antigonus I Monophthalmus 13, 14, 41, 42, 57
Antigonus II Gonatas 51
Antigonus III Doson 57
Antioch 42, 52
Antiochus I Soter 52
Antiochus III the Great 52
Antiochus IV Epiphanes 9, 40n66
Antipater 41
Antony (Marcus Antonius) 1
Anu 39
Anubis 19
Apis 9, 10, 18, 19, 38
bull 10
apomoira 106
aposkeuai (= goods, possessions of soldiers) 16
Arab el-Hisn 134
Arabia 8n6, 10
arable land 77
Arab rule in Egypt 72
Arabs 21
Aramaeans 140
Aramaic 7, 8, 20
dates 57
archive, the 1
architecture
burial 214
funerary 206
Hellenistic 123
subterranean 214
Argos 200n6
Ariobarzanes 35
Aristazanes 37
Armant 135
army 64, 73, 154, 179
Arrian 11
Arsacids 52
Arsinoe II Philadelphus, daughter of Ptolemy I and Berenice I 14n32, 64, 106, 143n93
Aspendus 200n6
Artaxerxes II Mnemon 2, 3, 28–31, 33–36
Artaxerxes III Ochus viii, 2, 3, 18, 29–32, 34–37, 100, 101, 103, 121
“Artaxerxes pharaoh” 101
Ashmunein 19
see also Hermopolis Magna
Asia Minor 81, 85, 94
Asiatics 167, 176, 181, 191, 194
assemblages
burial 211, 214
grave 205, 207, 211
tomb 205–207, 209
Aswan see Syene
Athena 84, 87, 94, 97, 98
Athens, Athenians 16, 18, 30, 32, 36, 48, 49, 90, 200n6
Athenian agora 85
Athenian empire 79
athletes 38
Athribis 82, 87, 156
see also Tell el-Athrib
Attica 200n6
Attic standard 94, 95
Atum 182
Austria 86
Ayn Manawir 74
Baal 169, 172, 184
Babylon, Babylonia 5, 10, 27, 29, 39, 40
Babylonian talents 79
Bactria 27, 28, 50
Bagoas 37
balance scales 98
barbarians 30, 36
Barca 29
Bardiya 28
barque chapel 18
barque stations 138
Bastet 128, 129, 168
Behbeit el-Hagar 125–128, 141, 143, 149
temple of Isis and family of Osiris 126, 141, 143
Behedety 180
benefactions 166, 167n3, 186, 187, 192
Beniout 20
Beni Hasan 81, 82
Berenice I, second wife of Ptolemy I Soter 13n26, 14n32
Berenice II, wife of Ptolemy III Euergetes 173, 187
Beroia 57
Bessus 28
Beth Shan stele 172
bilingual decrees 133
birth houses 139, 140, 144, 155, 179
body treatment 209
Boeotia 16
Boeotian vessels 204
bones 222, 229
“book of designing a temple” 153
“Book of the Temple” 153
Bosporus 80, 85
bottomry agreement 85
bronze 70, 71, 97–99, 104, 106, 108, 109, 209n38, 222–229
Bubastis 128, 130, 131n42
Bucheum 61n50, 135
Buchis bull 61n50, 135
Buchis stele 135n59
bullion 70, 77, 78, 80, 81, 86, 93, 94, 96, 98, 99, 102–109
bureaucracy 46, 50, 53, 58, 65
burial
mixed-age 207
practice 212
ritual 202
royal 218
Buto 11, 19, 124, 147, 148, 155, 166–168, 184, 186, 192, 193n161, 194
Byzantine rule in Egypt 72
Caesar (Caius Julius Caesar) 1
Cairo 131n42, 134, 147
calendars 3
Babylonian 3, 47–49, 54
Egyptian 3, 46
Greek 48
Hyksos 47
Macedonian 47
Olympian 51
Zoroastrian 47
Callippus 50
Callisthenes 50
Cambyses vii, 5, 17, 18, 79
Canopus decree 130, 155
capitals
composite 142, 143
floral 142
Caria 200n6
Carnarvon tablet 190
cartonnage 21
cartouches 121, 128n28, 144, 149n114, 155n124, 167, 194
Caspian Gates 16
Cassander 14, 40, 43, 51, 57
Cassandreia 51
cattle counts 46
ceilings 123
cemeteries 4, 127, 151, 201, 204–208, 210–215, 217, 221
census 22
Chababash see Khababash
Chabrias 92
Chalcis 200n6
chamber tombs 215
chapels 18, 19, 127, 141, 149–152, 156, 181n105
Chian standard 94
“chief” (wr) 168, 184
Chiotes 8
Cilicia 22, 34, 36
clay-ground vessels 209, 210
Cleomenes of Naukratis, satrap (?) of Egypt 8, 38, 39, 85, 103, 104
Cleopatra VII 1, 173
cleruchic settlement 16
closed currency system 105
codification of knowledge 154
coffins 210, 228
coins, coinage 3, 7, 14–17, 21, 22, 28, 51n25, 57, 59n48, 70–119, 212, 223
Croeseid 28
Pharaonic 95
Ptolemaic 14
colonization 5
colonnaded courts 153
columned halls 127
Constantinus Cephalas 34
Constantius II 135n59
consumers 73
consumption 71
“controller of armies” 174
Copais, Lake 16
copper vii, 12, 76, 80
coregency 54, 59–62, 64–66
Corinth 200n6
corn 12
Cornelius Gallus 168
Cos 20
cosmic cycle 124
cosmology 123
cosmos 122, 123
cotton 108
courtiers 43
creation 123
creator gods 124
cremation 4, 199–234
Crete 200n6, 209
crocodiles 2, 9
cultivators 74
cult topography 154
cultural mingling 199
cultural renaissance 120
cultural separation 199
Cunaxa 27, 29, 30
Cuneiform dates 57
cups 225, 227
Cusae (= el-Quseia) 149
temple of Hathor 149
customs
duties 77, 132
officials 78
Cyprus 12, 16, 36, 37, 41, 42
Cyrenaica, Cyrene 13, 14, 20, 29, 200n6
Cyrus I 28
Cyrus the Younger 28, 30, 35
daily cults 154
Damanhur 83, 104
Dapur 174
daric 95
Darius I 17, 75, 97, 139, 172, 188
Darius II 28, 140
Darius III 28, 101
Datames 31, 35, 36n39
datasets 221
deben 80, 86, 94, 103, 105, 108, 109
Deir-el-Medina 80
Deir Rifeh 171
Delphi 35
Demeter 18
Demetria of Cos 20
Demetrias 51
Demetrius I Poliorcetes 12–14, 42, 43, 48, 51, 57
Demetrius of Phaleron 17
Demosthenes 32
demotic writing system 155
Dendera 139, 155, 156, 173
diadochoi see successors
die links 59n48, 87, 88
die studies 88
dies 89, 90, 92, 93, 96, 102
cube die 87, 90, 93
Diocletian 135n59
Dionysius I of Syracuse 95, 97
Dionysodorus 85
dishes 212, 225, 227, 229
disks 132, 134, 212, 222
Djedkhonsiuefankh 171
Djehuty 128n28
Djoser 46
pyramid 152
dokimastai 85
Doloaspis 38, 103
Domitian 127, 173, 179
double dates 47, 53–55
do ut des 149
drachms 89, 98
drinking vessels 212, 223–225, 227
dromos 127
ducks 229
dynasties
Third 152
Fourth 168
Twelfth 175
Fifteenth 3
Seventeenth 149n116
Eighteenth 126, 146, 180
Nineteenth 146, 190
Twentieth 191
Twenty-first 186, 188
Twenty-second 124n14, 129, 171, 189n142
Twenty-third 124n14
Twenty-fifth 126, 185, 186, 188
Twenty-sixth vii, 7, 124, 125, 128, 131, 140, 172, 186, 188
Twenty-seventh 2, 4, 7, 188
Twenty-eighth 3, 5, 28, 34, 120, 121, 124–126
Twenty-ninth 5, 120, 121, 124, 125, 139, 150, 155
Thirtieth 3–5, 7, 34, 120–122, 124, 125, 127, 129, 131–135, 137–139, 141–144, 149, 150, 153–155, 172, 187, 190
eagle 97
Ptolemaic 14, 42
earthquakes 122
East Silsileh 185
Ecbatana 52n28
economic prosperity 15
Edfu 107, 123n10, 137, 142, 149, 152, 153, 155, 156, 173, 177n72, 178n79, 179–182, 186, 187n139
birth house 179
temple of Horus 152
Edjo, land of 192
Egypt, Egyptians passim
Egyptian empire 122
Egyptianization 202
Eirene, daughter of Ptolemy I and Thais 14n32
el-Arish 130n38
“Eldorado on the Nile” 27
Elephantine 8, 20, 29, 49, 140
temple of Khnum 79, 140–142, 147
temple of Satet 140n77
temple of Yahweh 140
elephants 9
Eleusis (Alexandrian) 18
Elite 976, 168n9
Egyptian 19, 75, 97, 124, 145, 155
el-Kab 134, 137–139
embalmers 10
emmer wheat (triticum dicoccum) 73
enclosure walls 137–139, 143, 153–155
Eordea 8
Epaminondas 30
Ephemerides 50
Epithets 143n93, 166–169, 171, 173–175, 177–181, 188, 191n154, 192
equestrian 38
equinox
autumn 65
vernal 49
era 52
Seleucid 56
Eratosthenes 1
Ethiopia 31
ethnic identities 199, 201, 202
ethnic origin 200n5
ethnic separation 199
Euclid 1
Eumenes 41
Eunostus, king of Soli (Cyprus) 14n32
eunuchs 29
Europe 86
Eurydice, first wife of Ptolemy I Soter 14n32
exchange 71
exports 77
Fayum 16, 53, 81, 82, 87, 88
hoard 107
festivals 123
fiduciary coinage 104, 108
Fifteenth Upper Egyptian nome 150
figurines 211, 212, 223, 225, 226, 229
Tanagra 212
fineness (of silver) 79, 84–86
First Cataract region 121
fish 29
flax 77
floral helmet element 90
folded flans 90
Fort of Camels 40
fossa tombs 214, 215, 217, 221–229
fractional issues 97–99, 103
Freud, Sigmund 19
friends (= Hellenistic courtiers) 6, 39, 42
funerary
behaviour 202, 205
beliefs 219
chapels 150
monuments 214
obligations 216
practices 204
vocabulary 215
Gabbari 203n13
Gabiene 41
Galatians 217
galena 90
games 9, 38
musical contests 9, 38
garbage dumps 134
garlands 222, 226, 228
Gaza 42
Strip 12
gazelles 98
Gebel Barkal stele 178
Gela 20
generals 6, 10, 32, 36, 92, 121
Giza 83
goats 98
gold 28, 39, 70, 76, 77, 82n50, 86n68, 90, 94–99, 225–229
goods and services 74, 76
Graeco-Egyptian style 221
Graeco-Roman period 123, 140n77, 141, 142, 154, 155, 175, 178
grain 29, 70, 72–76, 80, 81, 84, 85, 93, 108, 111, 225
Granicus river, battle of 49
grave goods 205, 211, 217
graves 203, 205–207, 210–212, 214, 215, 217, 218, 220–229
“great chief” 167, 168, 185, 192, 194
Great King (= king of Persia) 29n17, 79, 90, 102
“great ruler of Egypt” 193
Greece/ European Greece 29, 30, 33, 81
Greek
art 203
cities 70
gods 132
“Greek millennium” in Egypt 27
Greekness 12
Greeks 10, 15, 19, 21, 29n12, 36, 37, 39, 54, 61, 79, 83, 91, 92, 97, 131n43, 133, 147, 200n7
Gresham’s Law 106
Hacksilber 80, 83, 86, 93, 94, 99, 106
Hadra 207, 210n42, 211n48, 212, 215n54, 218n63, 221
vases 4, 203, 204, 209, 210, 212, 213, 215, 217, 220, 222
Hapi-Djefai 171
Harmodios and Aristogeiton 12
Harpara 139
Harsiese 151
harvest tax 74
Hathor 143, 149
Hatshepsut 169
hegemony 30
Heliopolis 134, 135, 137
Hellenistic
architecture 123
period 124
states 120
Hellenization 202
Hellenizing style 151
Hent 39
Hephaistos 11
Heracleia 200n6
Herakleides of Temnos 20
Heracleion vii, 90, 102, 131–133
Hermopolis Magna (Khemenu) 146, 149, 150
temple of Nehemet-Away 150
temple of Thoth 150
see also Ashmunein
Hermopolis Parva
temple of Thoth 128n28
Herodas of Syracuse 31
Herodotus vii, 11, 29, 79, 128
Heroonpolis 8n6
Herophilus 1
hieroglyphic writing system 154, 155
“High sand of Heliopolis” 134
Hindu Kush 27
his majesty (ḥm=f) vii, 39, 167, 169, 170, 174, 180, 185, 192–194
Hittites 167, 172
marriage stele 172
Holy Land 43
horses 95–97
Horus 180–182, 186, 193, 194
hulled barley (hordeum vulgare) 73
hydriae 204n16, 209, 213, 227
Hyksos 3, 47, 65
hypogeum tombs 206, 213–217, 221
Ibiotapheion 151
ibises 151
identity 166n1, 183n117, 192, 219, 221
cultural 205
Egyptian elite 155, 200n3
ethnic 201, 202
Greek or Macedonian 5, 205, 219
immigrant 205
non-Egyptian 205
non-indigenous 5, 220
social and individual 202–204, 218
Idumea 55
Imhotep 152, 153
imitation 3, 70, 71, 76, 80–82, 84–92, 100, 102–104, 109
immigrants 17, 19, 21, 107, 199, 200, 204n17, 205, 219–221
imports 77, 83–86, 90, 132, 210, 213
India 86
industry 210
infantry 171
infrastructure 73
inhumation 206, 207, 209–212, 214–218, 220–228
Inka empire 75
innovation 7, 14, 22, 55–57, 138
institutional memory 4, 167, 189, 190
intercalation 49–52
biennial 54–56, 65
Ionia 36, 200n6
see also stater of Ionia
Iphicrates 31, 34, 35
Ipsus 27, 43
irrigation 15
Iseum see Behbeit-el-Hagar
Isis 4, 9, 19, 38, 127, 142, 143, 151, 173, 194
Lady of Yat-Wadjat 9n13
Isocrates 30, 32, 33
Issus 103
jars 32, 221, 225
Jews 8, 21, 29, 73n10, 200
Joppa 42
Judith and Holophernes 36
Kadesh
battle of 170, 174, 190, 191
Poem of the battle of 174
kalpis 222, 226
Kamose 190
Kanais (= Redesiyeh) 180
kantharoi 223, 224
Karanis 81, 87
Karnak 134, 135, 137, 172, 181, 182, 184
barque-sanctuary of Philip Arrhidaeus 146
first pylon 135
hypostyle hall 180
processional way Karnak-Luxor 135
temple of Amun 106, 107, 137, 139
temple of Khons 186
temple of Mont 179, 183
Khababash 32, 37, 100, 103, 148, 186, 192, 193, 194n168
Khirbet-el-Kôm 55
Khnum 172
Khons 187
kingship 4, 57, 122, 123, 133, 146, 147, 166, 187, 193, 194
King’s Peace 33
kiosks 143, 144, 153
kite 62, 63, 86, 98
knives 212, 222
Kom Ombo 156
Königsnovelle 184, 185
kothon 223
Lachares 48n16
Lacrates of Thebes 36
lacrimatoi 227
lamps 212, 225, 227, 228
land
leases 73, 74, 78
survey 22
Laomedon of Mitylene 41
Late Egyptian Miscellanies 190
Late Period 73, 93, 135, 140, 153, 172, 176, 188
Laureion 89, 90
Law of Nicophon 85
legitimation (of power, kingship, etc.) 65, 124, 131, 133, 139, 143n93, 145
letters 73
Leuctra 30, 36
Levant 77, 78, 81, 85
Lex Acilia 66
libation vessels 212, 224, 227
Libya, Libyans 10, 29, 170
war 170n18, 170n19
“life, prosperity, health” 101, 185
lime 122
linen 77, 107, 108
loan agreements 78
loans 80
loculus 214, 215
Lower Egypt 185
Twelfth nome 125
Fifteenth nome 128n28
lunettes 132, 167
Luxor 18, 107, 135, 180
barque-sanctuary of Amun 146
processional way Karnak-Luxor 135
sacred avenue Luxor-Thebes 137
Lycia 22
Lydia 27, 28, 36
Lysandra, daughter of Ptolemy I and Berenice I 14n32
Lysimachus, king of Macedon and Thrace 14n32, 43, 57
maat 75, 123, 124
Macedon, Macedonians passim
Macedonian period 125
Magas 13
Magna Graecia 84
Magnesia 200n6
mammisis, see birth houses
Manara cemetery 205n19
Mandrocles of Magnesia 35
Manetho of Sebennytus, priest of Heliopolis 2, 17, 18, 47, 71
Mantinea 30, 36
Maria Theresa thaler 86
market system 72, 75
markets 27
marriage contracts 7, 20, 78, 80, 103
Masistes 28
Matariya 134
Mazaces 3, 99–103
material culture 202
Medinet Habu 170, 174, 177, 178, 180, 184
Mediterranean 11, 77, 122
trade 108
World 87
Memphis vii, 3, 8–11, 16, 18, 19n50, 20, 29, 38, 40, 78, 82, 83, 89, 104, 145, 152, 153
temple of Apis 89
temple of Ptah 78
White Wall 29
Memphite area 152
Mendes stele 180
Menelaus, brother of Ptolemy I Soter 13, 16
Mentor of Rhodes 37
Mentuhotep 175
mercenaries 6, 32, 34n31, 35, 36, 73n10, 91, 92, 96, 220
Merenptah 190
Mersa Matruh 13
Mesopotamia 103
Meshwesh, see Libyans
Metonic cycle 50
Meydancıkkale hoard 59n48
microcosm 123
Middle Egypt 150, 151
Middle Kingdom 168, 171, 174, 178, 182, 188, 189, 193
migration 5
Miletus 200n6
mints 91, 94, 102–106
mirrors 212, 222, 227
Mit Ghamr 128n28
Moeris, Lake 29
monarchy, personal 13
monetization 22, 70–119
money 70–119
moneyers 91
itinerant 92, 102
month names
Addaru II 52n29
Aiaru 55
Akhet 147
Anthesterion 48
Arahsammu 52
Artemisios 49, 52n28, 61
Boedromion 48
Daisios 49, 52n29, 54
Dios 52, 54, 56
Dystros 52n28, 54, 59, 60, 65
Epeiph 55, 62
Hekatombaion 48
Hyperberetaios 55
Loios 52n29
Mecheir 58
Mounichion 48
Ololos 51n25
Panemos 52n28, 55, 56
Phamenoth 47, 62
Pharmouthi 62n53
Tammuz 55
Tashritu 52
Thoth 46, 61, 65
Tybi 58n46, 61
Montu 135, 170, 179, 180, 183, 186
mortuary
logic 211
practices 202
receptacles 210
mud-brick walls 134
mummification 18, 207, 220
mutiny 92
Mysteries, Eleusinian 48
mythology 154
nails 8, 223, 224, 228
naoi 125, 129–131, 141, 153
monolithic 131
natron 77, 108
Naucratis vii, 38, 82, 97, 131–133, 149
stele, see Nectanebo decree
Naxos (Sicilian) 88
Near Eastern world 87
Nectanebo I (Nekhetnebef) vii, 4, 7, 19, 78, 120, 121, 128, 130–135, 139, 140, 143, 150, 172, 175, 185, 187, 188
Nectanebo II (Nekhethorheb) 7, 19, 31, 36, 37, 41, 94, 96–98, 120, 121, 125, 128, 129, 135, 138n67, 139, 140, 145–147, 150, 176, 186, 188
Nectanebo decree, aka Naucratis stele 38, 39, 77, 132, 186
“Nectanebo’s Dream” 125, 126, 145
Nefer-Khnum 171
Neferty 168
Neith vii, 39, 132, 133
Nekhbet 137, 139
Nepherites I 139
Nepherites II 121, 150
New Kingdom 46, 73, 76, 80, 94, 97, 134, 139, 140, 142, 154, 155, 171, 172, 181, 183, 185, 188–190, 193
New Year festival 154
New Year’s courts 141, 142
New Year’s Day 46
New Year’s offering 141, 142
nḥb tax 58–61, 63, 65
nḥt tax 58, 61, 63
Nicostratus of Argos 37
Nile viii, ix, 2, 8, 10, 11, 15, 22, 23, 27, 40, 42, 73, 75, 81, 83, 90, 111, 114, 121, 125, 126, 131, 137, 140, 142, 200, 201
Canopic branch 90
Delta 10, 81, 83, 121, 122, 125, 131, 141, 143, 146, 148, 152, 200
flood 11
Valley 8
nisbe nouns 171
Nitokris 186
nomarchs 8n6, 38
Nubia, Nubians 76, 168, 170, 188
rulers 188
viceroy of 167
Nun 123
obeliscus Pamphilii 173, 179
obols 98
Octavian 10
oenochoe 224
Old Kingdom 46, 123, 154, 155, 177
Olympias, mother of Alexander III the Great 145
Olympic Games 30
Onnophris 20
Onuris 125
opet festival 146
Ophellas 13
orchards 106
Oriental empires 120
Orontes 32n25
Osiris 74, 107n109, 127, 194
Osiris-Baboon 151
Osiris-Ibis 151
Osorkon I 129
Osorkon II 129, 130
ostraca passim
owls 84, 94, 97, 98
Oxyrhynchus 149
Palatine Anthology 34
Palestine 121
Palestinians 83
Pamirs 27
Pamphylia 200n6
Panathenaic amphorae 204
Panhellenism 30
papyri passim
Paraetonium 3
Parthians 52n28
paterae 224
patronage 17, 18
Pe and Dep 192
Pe, lord of 194
Peiraeus 85, 89
Peloponnesian war 29, 89
Pelusium vii, 36
penalty clauses 78
Pepi I 131n42
Perdiccas III, king of Macedon 368–359 57
Perdiccas, recipient of Alexander the Great’s ring 1, 2, 39–41
Per-hebit 126
Per-khefet 149
Persepolis 28
Persia, Persians vii, viii, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 11, 15–22, 27–29, 31–38, 47, 49, 51, 71, 77, 79, 81, 84, 92, 94, 96, 99, 100, 120, 121, 125, 131, 139, 141, 145, 146–149, 154, 155, 192, 193, 200
Persian Egypt 2, 5
Persian empire 28, 49, 121
Persian forces 121
Persian invasions 120, 121, 131
Persian period
first 120, 139, 155
second 121, 141, 145, 149
Persian rulers 145
Persian standard 94
Petisis, high priest of Thoth 38, 103, 150
tomb chapel at Tuna el-Gebel 151
Petosiris 19, 20, 37, 173
Peucestas son of Macartatus 8
pharaoh vii, 1, 3, 4, 7, 11, 12, 15, 18, 19, 22, 27, 28, 33n27, 35–37, 62, 71, 73–80, 92, 94, 97, 100, 101, 103, 106, 107, 109, 115, 119, 120–165, 168n9, 186, 190
Pharnabazus 31–35
Pharos 15n34
Pherendates, satrap of Egypt 37
Phersos 125
Philae 142, 156, 173
kiosk of Nectanebo II 143, 144
temple of Isis 143
Philip II 16, 50, 51, 53n29, 54, 57, 82, 95–97
Philip III Arrhidaeus 6–8, 57, 121, 125, 146, 150, 151
Philip V 56, 57
Philippi 16
Philiscus of Abydos 35
Philophron 36
Philotera, daughter of Ptolemy I and Berenice I 14n32
Phoenicia, Phoenicians 12, 30, 31, 35–37, 41, 43, 77, 82, 83, 97, 99, 103, 225
phraseology 166, 167, 169, 171, 175, 182–184, 186–191
Phrygian cap 104
Piankhy 168
stele 179, 188
Piazza Navona 173
Pi-emroye (= Naucratis) 39
Pinodjem 186
Piye 126
pillared halls 123
pins 212, 222
plant decoration 123
plates 227
Plinthine 207
political economy 3, 70–119
political propaganda 145
poll tax 109
Polybius 15, 30
Porphyry 57
“Porus medallions” 104
Posidippus 8
pots 201, 225–228
precious metal 70, 72, 76, 80, 92
prefect of Egypt 38n55, 168
priests, priesthood 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 12n21, 17–19, 37, 62n53, 75, 79, 102, 124, 125, 133, 142, 145–148, 150, 154, 156, 167, 168, 182n106, 191–194
princes 13
producers 73
production 71
pronaoi 153
property tax 62
Prophecy of Neferty 166n1, 168, 169, 188, 191
prytanies 48
Psammenitus (= Psammetichus III, = Psamtik III) vii, 17
Psamtek I 186
Psamtek II 172, 185, 186
Ptah 11
Ptolemaic period 13, 20, 104, 107, 121, 125, 130, 140–142, 151, 155, 173, 176, 186, 200n4, 201n8, 203n14, 207, 215, 216n59, 220
Ptolemaic ruling class 219
Ptolemaieia 55
Ptolemais, daughter of Ptolemy I and Berenice I 14n32
Ptolemais Hermeiou 12, 149
Ptolemies viii, 1, 2, 9, 10, 13, 15, 17, 18, 19n50, 43n95, 56, 70, 71, 81, 94, 105n121, 108, 109, 122, 124, 133, 139, 140, 147, 149–151, 155
dynastic cult of 10
Ptolemy I Soter, son of Lagus viii, 1, 2, 4, 6–22, 39, 41–43, 46, 54–66, 70–72, 99, 105, 122, 124, 128, 145, 147–152, 155, 156, 166–198
Kheperkare-Setepenamun 62
Setepenre-Meriamun 62
Lord of the Two Lands 11
cult of 12
image of 15
personal qualities 6, 7, 40
Ptolemy II Philadelphus 14n32, 16n41, 17, 21, 22, 50, 53–56, 58–66, 106, 108, 122, 125, 128, 130, 143, 147, 149, 155, 156, 179, 180
Ptolemy III Euergetes 108, 128, 130, 143, 179, 183, 187
Ptolemy IV Philopator 179, 180, 182, 186
Ptolemy VI Philometor 143, 149, 176, 179
Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II 149
Ptolemy X Alexander II 125
Ptolemy XIII Philopator 173
Ptolemy Ceraunus, son of Ptolemy I and Eurydice 14n32
purchase tax 62
Pyramid Texts 46, 177, 189n142
pyres 218
qanāts 15
Ramesses II 169, 170, 172, 174, 180, 181, 184, 190
Ramesses III 169, 170, 172, 174, 177, 178, 180, 181, 184
Ramesses IV 182
Ramesses IX 181
Ramesside period 139n73, 174, 179, 180, 183, 190
Randzeile (framing columns) 154
Re 141, 186, 187
reform
Canopic 66
calendrical 65, 66
monetary 72
religious belief 217
religious politics 149
Rhodes 43, 85, 215
Rhosaces 36
ritual 4, 12, 123, 130, 140, 143, 146, 154, 177n72, 202, 215n54, 218
Roman, Romans 38n55, 53, 65, 72, 108, 123, 124n15, 131n42, 141–143, 150, 153, 155, 173, 179, 192, 207n24, 216n59, 220n67
emperors 155
era 123, 131n42, 140, 141
Rome 1, 13, 14, 127, 173
Temple of Isis and Serapis 127
Roxane, daughter of Oxyartes 9, 28
Royal ka 146
royal status 124
ruler cult 147, 154, 156
Sabaces 3, 83n55, 99–103
Sacae 27
sacred landscape 121, 122
sacred space 138
Saft el-Henna (= Per-Sopdu) 130, 131, 172, 175, 185, 186
Sahara 15, 18
Sais 17, 77, 87, 121, 125, 131–133, 141
decree 133
temple of Neith 17, 77, 132, 133
Saite
kings 7, 46, 92, 149n116
nobles 17
period 75, 125
Salamis 43
sale agreements 78
Salitis 47
salt tax 58
Samaria 42
Saqqara 8, 104
Sarapis (= Serapis) 18, 19, 64, 147
Sardis 28, 52n28
Satet 140n77
satraps 2, 7, 11, 13, 14, 28–31, 34–39, 41, 56, 79, 81, 96, 99, 101–103, 122, 147, 151, 167, 168n9, 183, 194
satrapies 7n4, 9, 10, 27–29, 35, 39n58, 41, 103
Satrap stele 4, 7n4, 10–12, 19, 42, 124, 147, 148, 155, 166–198
satraps’ revolts 35
saucers 225, 229
scale drawings 142
scribal schools 190
scribes 63
Sea of the Greeks (= Mediterranean Sea) 39, 147
Sebennytos (= Samannud) 121, 125, 126, 147n109
Second Persian Period 71, 81, 96, 99, 100–103, 121, 141, 145
sed festival 149n116
Seleucid kingdom/empire 2
Seleucus I Nicator 6n3, 12, 13, 40, 41, 43, 52, 53, 56, 57, 65
Senenmut 169
Sesostris I 176, 178, 188, 191
Sety I 177, 180, 185, 186
sharecroppers, sharecropping 74
Sharuna 149, 150
Shatby (= Chatby, = Sciatbi) 4, 199–234
Shellal stele 172
ships 12, 31
Shu 130n38, 169
Sicily 84
Sidonians 38
silver 29, 39, 62, 70, 72, 76–84, 86, 89, 90, 92–94, 97–99, 105–109, 113
Silver Shields 41
Sinai Peninsula 76
Siwa, see Western Oases
skeletons 222, 224, 228
skyphos 223
Snefru 168
Sobek 139
Sobek-Khu stele 176
social
distinctions 203
identities 203, 205
segregation 64
separation 199
Sogdians 27
Sohag 131n42
Soknebtunis 149
solar
courts 141, 142
cycle 123
Sopdu 130
sources 7, 31–34
Sparta, Spartans 30, 35, 36
“spear-won” territory 10, 15, 41
sphinxes 127, 135
staircases 127
staple finance 72, 73, 75, 76, 106
staples 71–78, 80, 81, 85, 92
state and church 123, 145
“stater of Ionia” (= Athenian tetradrachm) 79, 83, 86
staters of the temple of Ptah 93
statues 12, 15n34, 17, 130, 135, 172, 186, 226
statuettes 93
Step Pyramid 46
“stones of Ptah” 106, 108
“stones of the Treasury of Thebes” 78
succession 6, 10, 22, 211
successor kingdoms 7, 105
successors 43, 149
Susa 172
Syene (Aswan) 140, 141
Aswan High Dam 142
symbolism 124
Syncellus, George 17n44, 31, 34
synchronicity 35
synodal decrees 130
Syracuse 95, 200n6
Syria, Syrians 2, 10, 12, 22, 30, 41–43, 45, 87, 94, 95, 97, 100–103, 178, 181, 183, 200
hoard 101
invasion of 12
Koile Syria 12
Syrian Gates 30
Tachos (= Teos) 2, 31, 35, 37, 41, 78, 80, 86n68, 92–95, 97, 121
Taharka 185, 186
Taimhotep 173
Tale of Sinuhe 174–176, 178, 179, 188, 191
Tanis 149
stele 185, 186
Tarasius, patriarch of Constantinople 34
Tathotis 20
taxation 58, 59, 63, 65
tax receipts 73
Teaching of Ptahhotep 191
Tebtynis 149
Tefnut 130n38
Teinti 62, 63
Tell Basta (= Per-Bastet) 128, 129, 155
Tell el-Athrib 90
Tell el-Maskhuta 82, 93
Tell el-Moqdam 128n28
temenos 134
Temnos 20
temples 3, 4, 8, 9, 11, 12, 15, 17, 18, 21, 22, 38, 47, 61n50, 63, 64, 73–81, 83, 85, 89, 93, 94, 97, 102–109, 120–135, 137–156, 166, 169, 173, 175–177, 179–187, 191, 193, 195, 197, 198
construction 120, 121, 125, 128, 131, 141, 145–156
decoration 4, 120, 121, 123, 124, 125, 128, 134, 135, 139–141, 143, 145–147, 149–152, 154, 186
façades 127
Graeco-Roman 138, 143, 154, 175
plans 155
reliefs 149, 154
walls 138, 139
Terenouthis 149
Temple of Hagar-Therenouthis 149
tetradrachms 3, 59, 70, 71, 79–94, 99–106, 108, 109
imitation 3, 70, 71, 76, 80–82, 84–92, 100, 102–104, 109
pi-style 82n52, 90, 91, 100–102
Thais, former concubine of Alexander, mother of Ptolemy I’s daughter Eirene 14n32
Theban area (in Egypt) 135, 137, 146
Thebes (in Egypt) 11, 12, 62, 63, 74, 75, 78, 135, 137, 139n73, 185
Ramesseum 74
temple of Amun 75
temple of Heryshaf 78
Thebes (in Greece) 30, 35, 36, 204
theology 131
Theoxena, daughter of Ptolemy I and Berenice I 14n32
Thessaly 200n6
Third Diadoch war 42
Third Intermediate Period 75
Thonis, see Heracleion
Thoth 37, 151
“the Filler” 169
Thrace, Thracians 200
Thutmose III 149n116, 178
tiara 104
Tithraustes 31–33
timber 12
Timocharis 50
Timotheus the Eumolpid 18
titulary 11n19, 17, 145n100, 166–168, 183, 190
tongs 212, 228
town walls 138
trade competition 27
transformation 120
triads 139
tribute 27, 72, 79
Triparadeisos 9, 41
Tuna el-Gebel 135, 149, 150
animal cemeteries 151
tomb chapel of Petosiris 151
Two Lands vii, 11, 12, 20, 167, 175, 182, 187
lord of 11, 175
Tyre 38, 41
siege of 49
Udjahorresne 17, 18
unguent vessels 212, 225, 227–229
Upper Egypt 152, 185
uraeus vii, 187
urns 203, 206, 209–211, 217n62, 218
cinerary 203, 204, 209–211, 217, 218, 220n68, 222, 224–227, 229
usufruct of land 73, 92
usurpers 124
vicar of Bray 17
vineyards 106
Vienna demotic omen papyrus 47
Volksgeister 201
voluntary associations 215–217, 219
wabet chapel 141, 142, 151, 155
Wadi Gadid 15
Wadjit 137
Wages 80
warfare 71
wealth 3, 8, 11, 15, 22, 32n25, 71–73, 75, 76, 78–81, 85, 86, 92–94, 97, 105–107, 112, 210
wealth finance 72, 76, 79, 94, 105
weight standards 109
Western Oases 15, 121
Bahariya 18, 146
Dakhla 18
Kharga 18, 74, 93
Siwa 13, 18, 38, 145
15
15
white-ground vessels 209, 210
wills 73
wood 77
wreaths 212, 214n52, 217, 225, 226, 228, 229
writing systems
hieroglyphic 154
demotic 155
Xenophon 30, 32
“Xerxes” (= Artaxerxes) 192
year
Egyptian 61
financial 58, 60, 65, 66
regnal 46, 53, 56, 58–66
tax 58–60, 64, 65
“wandering” 46
Zagazig 128, 130
Zenon archive 53, 54
Zeus Ammon 145
Zeus Basileus 38
Zeus Soter 15n34
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Series:  Mnemosyne, Supplements, Volume: 415 and  Mnemosyne, Supplements, History and Archaeology of Classical Antiquity, Volume: 415
Cover Ptolemy I and the Transformation of Egypt, 404-282 BCE
E-Book ISBN:
9789004367623
Publisher:
Brill
Print Publication Date:
01 Jan 2018

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