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Index

academy
anti-intellectualism in , 206, 239, 293
canons of philosophy in , 195–197, 196n4
contemporary changes in nature of , 313–315
fact-value divide in , 247–248
fracture between Jewish philosophy and , 30
humanities in , 199, 207, 239, 247–248
hyperspecialization in , 234–235, 288
identity politics in , 321
interdisciplinary programs , 26, 195–196, 198–200, 199n8, 206–207, 242, 288–290
interest in Jewish philosophy in Chinese , 274–276
Jewish philosophy as European philosophy in , 37
justification of hegemony , 33
marginalization of theology in , 237–238
meaning and boundaries of philosophy in , 271
movement of Jewish philosophy from, to Jewish communities , 5, 12–13, 79, 80–81, 85–86, 90, 92–96, 101, 239, 243–244, 299–300, 305
narrowness and isolation of philosophy departments , 272–274
non-Jewish universities as prime producers of Jewish philosophy , 14–15, 15n28
place for Jewish philosophy in , 240–243
professionalization of Jewish philosophy within , 14, 15, 22, 100–101
religious studies department as home of Jewish philosophy , 34, 35
study of ethics in , 277
value of study of Jewish philosophy to students , 201–204
Academy of Jewish Philosophy , 17, 69, 70
action theory , 224–226
Adorno, Theodor W. , 171, 174
After Virtue (MacIntyre) , 230
Aḥaronim , 325–326, 327
Akiba (Rabbi) and revelation , 119, 120
Altmann, Alexander , 42
altruism, limits of , 226–228, 228n39
Amir, Yehoyada , 83, 86, 87, 88
analytic philosophy
action theory , 224–226
articles critical of , 214n15
contemporary arguments , 213–215
contemporary religious philosophy and , 24, 211–212
continental philosophy and , 10–11, 209–210
early arguments , 212–213
hairsplitting distinctions in language , 211, 211n6
historical consciousness of , 229–230
Jewish philosophy and tools of , 298–299
Judaism as primarily religion of practice and , 214–215
limits of altruism , 227–229, 228n39
logical positivism and , 211
moral responsibility and , 218–221
prayer and , 222–224
religiously committed Jewish philosophers’ contributions to , 24
resurgence of , 216
secular dominance , 229
volitional attachments as constraints , 166
Shatz, David
anti-intellectualism , 206, 239, 293
anti-Semitism , 308, 320–321, 323
antitraditionalist school , 55–56, 153, 153n6, 154, 156–164
Aristotle
Alexandrian reading of, 281–282
Maimonides and, 133
moral action and , 279–280
rational knowledge , 280n15
Ricoeur and , 188
art and existentialism , 136–137
Association for the Philosophy of Judaism (APJ) , 214, 241
“As Thyself: The Limits of Altruism in Jewish Ethics” (Shatz) , 227–229
Augustine , 277–281
Austin, J. L. , 211n6
authority
rationality and , 158–164
social nature of , 152–153, 155
Badatan, Costica , 210–211
Baron, Salo W. , 63
Batnitzky, Leora , 256, 259
Beinart, Peter , 307
Benbaji, Yitzhak , 154, 155–156, 165, 166, 168
Biblical Interpretation in Ancient Israel (Fishbane) , 139
BINA: Center for Jewish Identity and Hebrew Culture , 16
Blanchot, Maurice , 173–174, 182, 187–188
Bleich, J. David , 51–52
Blumenthal, David R. , 47, 207
Borowitz, Eugene
autonomous individual and , 137
each individual’s search for meaning and , 139
individual’s relationship with God , 137–138
language game approach , 140
Library of Contemporary Jewish Philosophers , 45, 137–138, 140
Brafman, Yonatan Y. , xi, 20–21, 98–114
Brandom, Robert , 105, 155–156, 165–166, 167–168
Brody, Samuel Hayim, xi , 26, 291–309
Brown, Peter , 278–279
Buber, Martin , 137
California Ethics Committee on stem cell research , 125–126
Chaim of Brisk (Rabbi) , 222–223, 224
Christianity and philosophy
Augustinian perspective , 277–281
dominance of Christianity and , 285–287
fact-value divide and , 252–254
modernity and , 279
problematics of , 74
the will , 278n10
Clark, Maudemarie , 210
Clinton Health Care Task Force , 123, 124–125, 127–128
Cogitata Metaphysica (Spinoza) , 73
Cohen, Hermann , 21, 135
Cohen, Leonard , 191–192
communal rights, rise of interest in , 62–64
communist ideology , 63–64
consciousness and friendship , 188–189
contemporary epistemology , 145–148
continental philosophy
analytic philosophy and , 10–11, 209–210
existentialism and , 138
Jewish philosophy and , 36
language of , 75
Cooper, John M. , 285–287
covenant theology , 45
Crane, Jonathan K. , 115
creative friendship , 189–190
Creatively Undecided (Fisch) , 155, 165–167
“Crisis Theology and the Jewish Community” (Borowitz) , 45
critique model of Jewish philosophy , 109–114
cultural reproduction , 105–109
Damasio, Antonio , 276
Davidson, Donald , 225
deconstructionism , 141, 142
Dennett, Daniel , 273
denominational thinking , 108, 113–114
dependence, ontological versus epistemic , 219–221
Derrida, Jacques , 141, 240
Descartes, René , 73, 253, 277, 278n10, 281
Deutsch, Eliot , 189–190
Dewey, John , 261
Diamond, Jim , 51
Diaspora Jewish communities
debate about State of Israel , 304–305, 305n16
denominational thinking and , 108
education and , 111–112, 140, 239–240
engagement in political philosophy by , 295
fragmented nature of , 23, 43
importance of relationship in face-to-face , 179–180
as the internal Other , 293–294
modern mystical , 182–185
oligarchic nature of , 306, 306nn17–18
as part of “establishment,” 315, 321
as sonorous communities , 171, 172, 173, 179–181
using music to extend boundaries of , 181–182
Diaspora Jewish communities and Jewish philosophy
as context for , 15, 16, 16n32, 20–21
disappearance of philosopher-rabbis , 171–172
engaging, in Jewish philosophy , 20–21
in France , 10n19
German Jewry and , 324, 325
impact of Jewish philosophy on , 15, 26, 87–92, 95–97, 96n30, 122–128
interpretation and critique of, by Jewish philosophy , 110–111
movement of Jewish philosophy from academy to , 5, 12–13, 79, 80–81, 85–86, 90, 92–96, 101, 239, 243–244, 299–300, 305
as natural social base for Jewish philosophy , 101
need to cultivate interest in Jewish philosophy , 243–244
preservation of, with Jewish philosophy , 105–109
professionalization of Jewish philosophy and , 100–101
Dignity of Difference, The (Sacks) , 43–44, 44n7
Divine Command Ethics: Jewish and Christian Perspectives (Michael Harris) , 219–221
divine command theory , 220–221
Dobbs-Weinstein, Idit , 278n10
Dorff, Elliot N. , xi, 21, 45–46, 115–129
education
as basis of religious experience , 140
Jewish commitment to , 239–240
use of media formats outside of academic , 111–112
of women , 205
academy
Efron, Noah , 165, 167
“Eliezer Schweid: An Intellectual Portrait” (Levin) , 43
embryonic stem cell research, religious perspectives on , 125–126, 126n18
Enlightenment , 134–135, 249, 254–255
epistemic dependence , 219–221
essentialism , 255, 321
ethics
altruism , 227–229, 228n39
autonomous individual and , 137
as constrained by classical sources , 46
as elemental , 21, 46–47, 135–136, 209
fact-value divide and , 251
God and , 219–221, 298
pull and push of , 209
religion as requiring suspension of , 136
study of, in academy , 277
ethnic consciousness, rise of , 62–64
Euthyphro dilemma , 219–221
existentialism , 136–139, 140
Expanding the Palace of Torah (Ross) , 54–55
Experience of God and the Rationality of Religious Belief (Gellman) , 213
fact-value divide
described , 248
humanities study and , 247–248
negative consequences of adoption of , 263–265
origins , 25, 248, 248n3, 252–254
philosophy’s recognition of immanent limits of scientific knowledge , 260
rabbinic thinking and , 265–270, 266n33, 267nn34–35, 268n36
responses to , 25, 250–251, 253, 255n21, 255–265
unknowability/unintelligibility of theological and ethical claims , 251
wedding between objectivity and subjectivity in inquiry and , 266–267
falasifa , 282, 283
Ferreira, M. Jamie , 168–169
Fisch, Menachem
antitraditionalist school of thought and , 22–23, 153, 153n6, 154, 156–157, 164
on foundational disagreements in Judaism , 268–269
on foundational theologies at heart of Jewish canon , 157–158
on Frankfurt , 168
intractability of cultural battles , 166
Library of Contemporary Jewish Philosophers , 55–56, 153
pragmatism and , 154–159
rabbinic thinking as post–fact-value form of Jewish philosophical thinking , 265, 269–270
resolution of issues of cultural politics , 165–167
on two books metaphor , 252–253
Yavneh cycle and , 158–160
Fishbane, Michael , 52, 138–139
Fisher, Cass , xi–xii, 231–246
Fleg, Edmond , 10n19
Fons Vitae (Ibn Gabirol) , 74
Ford Foundation , 277
Foster, Daniel , 307n21
Frank, Daniel , 213–215
Frankfurt, Harry
formation of volitional attachments as not rational , 168
free will and , 217
resurgence of analytic philosophy , 216
volitional attachments as constraints , 166
Franks, Paul W. , 57–58, 318
free will , 216–218, 260–261, 278n10, 278–281
friendship theory
bridge between transcendent and immanent yearnings , 187–188
creative type of Deutsch , 189–190
divine and , 185
emotional typology , 186–187
moral typology , 187
philosophic categories of Ricoeur , 188–190
typologies of Kant , 186–187
Future Tense (Sacks) , 44n7
Fu Youde , 275
Garb, Jonathan , 48, 172
Garfield, Jay L. , 36–37, 272
Gellman, Jerome Yehudah , 212, 213
gender and Jewish philosophy , 176n22, 176–177
“Gettier cases,” 56, 56n54
Glazer, Aubrey L. , xii, 23, 171–192
God
of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob versus the God of philosophers , 132, 296n10, 296–297
distinction between Torah and, in Judaism , 144–145
Enlightenment and , 134–135
ethics and , 219–221, 298
as fallible , 157
free will and , 216–218
halakhah as way to know , 327
independent existence of , 244, 245
as irreducible to human thought and natural world , 145
Judaism as self-validating system legitimated by , 140
kabbalistic doctrine of the identity of Being and , 54
language game metaphor and , 141
Maimonides as benchmark for all Jewish thinking about , 133–134
as perfect being , 73, 95–96
pluralism and , 118–119, 122
relationship between, and morality in Judaism , 218–221, 254, 258
Sabbath as existential freedom linking humanity to , 67
understanding message of , 119–121
visual form of, in Kabbalah , 142
God’s Kindness Has Overwhelmed Us (Gellman) , 213
Goldberg, J. J. , 237n9
Goldman, Alvin , 225
Goodman, Lenn E. , xii, 48–49, 61–76, 134, 147
Green, Arthur , 53–54, 107, 138, 139
Grisez, Germain , 44
The Guide of the Perplexed (Maimonides) , 74, 83–84
Guide of the Perplexed of the Time (Krochmal) , 82, 85, 86, 87–88, 89–90, 92
guru phenomenon , 72–73
Gutting, Gary , 230
Habermas, Jürgen , 110
habits and worldview , 261–262
Hadot, Pierre , 285
halakhah
Aḥaronim and , 325–326, 327
analytic philosophy and , 222–229
ethics in Judaism as closer to, than theology , 46
House of Shammai versus House of Hillel , 55–56
Jewish philosophy as branch of , 52
unrevisability of , 267nn34–35, 267–268
Halakhic Man (Soloveitchik) , 106
Halevi, Judah , 73, 74, 296n10
“halo effect,” 227–228
Harris, Michael , 219–221
Harris, Robert A. , 249
Harrison, Peter , 25, 252
Harvey, Warren Zev , xii, 41–59
Hayes, Christine , 161
Hazony, Yoram , 15n28, 69, 70
Hegel, W. F. , 105, 261, 263
Heidegger , 141–142
hermeneutics , 139–140, 143–144
Heschel, Abraham Joshua , 54, 138, 247
“Hierarchical Theories of Freedom and the Hardening of Hearts” (Shatz) , 216–218
history
descriptive philosophy , 296, 296n7
God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob versus the God of philosophers , 132, 296n10, 296–297
levels of recursive weirdness , 297–298, 299, 300
role of, in Jewish philosophy , 38, 70–71
Hollinger, David , 211
Hughes, Aaron W. , 29–39
constructive nature of Jewish philosophy , 318
constructive versus descriptive philosophy , 296n7
inaccessibility of Jewish philosophy to Jewish communities , 79
interdisciplinary studies in academy , 198–199
on Jewish studies , 319
on Library of Contemporary Jewish Philosophers , 271, 291, 299–300
on tools of analytic philosophy and Jewish philosophy , 298, 299
on Wolfson , 50
works , xii–xiii, 3, 4–5, 195, 198–199
human knowledge, limitations of , 118–119, 120–121
Human Nature and Conduct (Dewey) , 261
Hume, David , 249
Ibn Gabirol, Solomon , 74
Idel, Moshe , 47–48, 172
identity politics
in academy , 321
Jews as part of “establishment” and , 315
Library of Contemporary Jewish Philosophers , 27, 316–317
ideology model of Jewish philosophy , 105–109, 112, 113
“If Philosophy Won’t Diversify, Let’s Call It What It Really Is” (Garfield and Van Norden) , 36–37
“In Defense of ‘The West’” (Foster) , 307n21
intention and prayer , 222–224
Irigaray, Luce , 178, 179
Ishmael (Rabbi) , 119
Israel
debate in Diaspora Jewish communities about , 304–305, 305n16
Jewish philosophy in , 15–16, 26, 42–43
oligarchic nature of , 306, 306nn17–18
rise of anti-liberal populist nationalism and , 308
Israel, Jonathan , 248n3, 249
Jankélévitch, Vladimir , 10n19
Jerusalem (Mendelssohn) , 205, 206
Jerusalem: Or on Religious Power and Judaism (Mendelssohn) , 236–237
Jewish geography , 69
Jewish identity
commitment to, in post-Holocaust world , 320
interest in Jewish philosophy and , 319–320
link with specific ideology , 108–109
questionable status in modern world of , 320–321
self-questioning and , 326–327
“Jewish Philosophical Theology Project,” 15n28
Jewish philosophy
advice for embarking on practice of , 71–76
American Jewish seminaries and , 247
biographical nature of , 11–12, 11n22
as branch of halakhah , 52
categorization in canons of , 197
as collision of particularistic demands and universal concerns , 6
communication issues , 233–239, 242–243, 245–246
constructive versus descriptive , 295–296, 296n7
constructive versus reflective , 318
contemporary interest in , 25
as continually changing , 58
as critique model , 109–114
defining , 5n10, 6, 41, 100, 101–102
embryonic stem cell research and , 125–126, 126n18
engagement with dialectics of particular and universal , 12
as European philosophy , 37
factors in renaissance of , 63–64
as field rather than discipline , 234
fragility of , 153, 164
funding , 15n28, 24
gender and , 176n22, 176–177
as ideology model , 105–109, 112, 113
impact of technology , 17–18
institutional settings of , 14–17, 16n32
Jewish identity and interest in , 319–320
Jewish Question and , 317–318, 322
languages of , 41
Library of Contemporary Jewish Philosophers as forcing reconception of , 231
matter and form of , 100
methodology , 10–11
movement of, from academy to Jewish communities , 5, 12–13, 79, 80–81, 85–86, 90, 92–96, 101, 239, 243–244, 299–300, 305
need to return to rationalism , 21, 147–148
negative perceptions about , 4, 5
as not really philosophy , 36
as paradoxical philosophy , 41
pivotal events as impetus for subjects studied , 99
postmodernism and , 142, 231–232
practices of Judaism generate problems addressed by , 89–91
questions about nature of , 5–6
return to logos , 144
robustness of , 4
role of history of, to contemporary , 38, 70–71
role of skepticism , 318–319, 327
as sine qua non to Jewish existence , 18
as sociocultural and religious force , 7–8, 8n17
as stream of classical philosophy , 271–272
study of, as producing more sophisticated version of Judaism , 91
tension with Judaism , 84–85, 132–134
theocentric bias of modern , 157
as therapy model , 102–105
tools of analytic philosophy and , 298–299
tradition of text study as model , 139
as universalizing, rationalizing , 32–33
use of educational media , 111–112
writing in a Jewish way , 300–302
Diaspora Jewish communities and Jewish philosophy
“Jewish Philosophy: An Obituary” (Mendes-Flohr) , 296
Jewish Philosophy for the Twenty-First Century: Personal Reflections (Tirosh-Samuelson and Hughes) , 3, 298
Jewish Philosophy Past and Present, Contemporary Responses to Classical Sources (Frank and Segal) , 213–215, 214n15
Jewish Question
Aḥaronim and , 325–326, 327
anti-Semitism as stimulus for , 320–321, 323
elements , 311–312
German Jewry and , 324, 327
Jewish philosophy no longer addressing , 317–318
need to reflect on, again , 322
reopening of , 27, 327–328
Jewish studies programs , 63, 79
Jewish “thinking,” 256, 258–259
John Templeton Foundation , 15n28
Journal of Jewish Thought and Philosophy , 235, 236
Judaism
absence of revealed truths in , 236–237
conceptually and morally consistent reworking of ideas and institutions , 66–67
covenant as basis of , 45
as “cultural-linguistic” system , 140, 141
cultural translation of liturgical music and , 180–182
distinction between Torah and God , 144–145
essential theological principles of , 147–148
ethics as closer to halakhah than theology , 46
ethics as elemental , 21, 46–47, 135–136, 209
existentialism and , 137, 138
giving more space to women in , 54–55
Jewish philosophy and reason as basis of , 32–33
marginalization of theology in academy , 238
in modernity as inherently vulnerable , 326
pluralism and , 43, 118
practices of, generate problems philosophy addresses , 89–91
as primarily religion of images and practice not belief , 67, 214–215, 237, 237n9
pursuit of ideal and , 51
rabbinic theology , 244–245
relationship between God and morality , 218–221
as self-validating system legitimated by God , 140
study of philosophy as producing more sophisticated version of , 91
survival of, as story of repeated reinvention within theme , 64–66
tension with Jewish philosophy , 84–85, 132–134
“Judaism and the Religious Crisis of Modern Science” (Fisch) , 252, 265
“Judaism Is Alive and Well, Just Evolving” (Goldberg) , 237n9
Kabbalah
attempt to systematize Zohar , 42n3
doctrine of identity of Being and God , 54
as embodiment of forces of obscurantism , 32
as Spinoza plus mystery , 54
visual form of God , 142
Kant, Immanuel , 134, 135–136, 186–187
Kaplan, Mordecai , 247
Karinthy, Frigyes , 69
Katz, Claire E. , xiii, 24, 195–208
Kavka, Martin , xiii, 22, 151–169
Kellison, Rosemary , 153–154
Kellner, Menachem , 50–51, 134
Kepnes, Steven , xiii, 21, 131–150
Kierkegaard, Søren , 136
Kraemer, Joel , 283
Krochmal, Nachman
background of , 81, 83
Maimonides and , 83, 86
mode of inquiry for studying philosophy and maintaining faith , 84–85
necessity of philosophical studies , 87–92
relevance of Jewish philosophy to Jewish communal life , 20, 85–86, 93–94
Kuzari (Halevi) , 74
language game approach to philosophy , 140–141
languages of Jewish philosophy , 41
Lebens, Samuel , 241
Leibowitz, Yeshayahu , 111
Levin, Leonard , 43
Levinas, Emmanuel , 10n19, 73, 228n39, 240
“Levinas and Judaism” (Putnam) , 228n39
Lewinsohn, Jed , 225–226
Library of Contemporary Jewish Philosophers
as addressing humanities , 207–208
authority structure of , 22
Blumenthal , 47
Borowitz , 45, 137–138, 140
contents , 6–7, 8, 9–11, 13, 82, 175–177, 232–233, 236
defining Jewish philosophy , 41
Dorff , 45–46
female Jewish philosophers and , 176, 176n22
Fisch , 55–56, 153
Fishbane , 138–139
as forcing reconception of Jewish philosophy , 231
format , 8–9
genesis and development of , 3–4, 29–30
Goodman , 48–49, 134
Green , 53–54, 138
Idel , 47–48
identity politics and , 27, 316–317
integration of analytic and Jewish philosophy in , 212, 213n10
Kellner , 50–51, 134
Morgan , 57–58
notion of “authorities” and , 152–153, 155
Novak , 44–45
Plaskow , 46–47
purpose , 5, 39, 80, 151–152, 271, 272, 299–300
Ross , 54–55, 140–141
Sacks , 43–44
Sagi , 49–50, 137, 141
Samuelson , 53
Schweid , 42–43
Shatz , 56–57
as testament to Jewish rationalism , 31
Wolfson , 50, 138, 141–142
Liebes, Yehuda , 42n3
“Links” (Karinthy) , 69
Locke, John , 134–135
logical positivism
academy and , 196n4
analytic philosophy and , 211
eclipse of , 61–62
fact-value divide and , 248–249
logocentrism , 141
“lonely Jew,” 43
“Lonely Jew and Judaism, The” (Schweid) , 43
Longstaff, Patricia Hirl , 288
MacIntyre, Alasdair , 230
Maimonides, Moses
as benchmark for all Jewish thinking about God , 133–134
genres written in by , 74
influence on Krochmal , 83, 86
influence on Spinoza , 283
integration of Judaism and philosophy , 133–134
intellectualist interpretation of moral agency , 282–283
as intellectual mystic , 47
laws of prayer , 222
on purpose of The Guide of the Perplexed , 83–84
rational knowledge , 280n15
scientific naturalism , 277
Making It Explicit (Brandom) , 167–168
Mayse, Ariel Evan , 54
medieval Jewish philosophy , 32n5
“Menachem Kellner: An Intellectual Portrait” (Diamond) , 51
Mendelssohn, Moses
absence of revealed truths in Judaism , 236–237
on Jewish concepts/doctrines , 152–153
limits on state power , 205, 206
Mendes-Flohr, Paul , 26, 296, 299, 308
Metaphysic of Morals (Kant) , 186–187
“Michael Fishbane: An Intellectual Portrait” (Shonkoff) , 52, 139
“Michael Morgan: An Intellectual Portrait” (Franks) , 57–58
midrash, normative unity and theistic continuity of , 66
Misemer, Sarah , 201
Mittleman, Alan , 63
modernity
Christian notion of human nature and , 279
equated with secularity , 64
giving up on , 292–293
inherent vulnerability of Judaism in , 326
Kant and , 135–136
Modern Judaism , 235, 236
“Modern Orthodoxy and the Challenge of Feminism” (Ross) , 207–208
morality/moral agency
Alexandrian reading of Aristotle and , 282
as form of character development , 279
free will , 216–218, 260–261, 278n10, 278–281
intellectualist interpretation of Maimonides , 282–283
Judaism and , 218–221
origin of , 277, 278
rationality and , 283
relationship between God and, in Judaism , 218–221, 254, 258
revelation as acknowledgment of God as unique source of , 254, 258
“more,” the religious/sacred , 250–251, 253
Morgan, Michael , 57–58
Morgenbesser, Sidney , 57
“Moshe Idel: An Intellectual Portrait” (Garb) , 48
music
creation of zones between temporalities , 174–175
cultural translation of liturgical , 180–182
dialectic of musical thinking , 171, 173–174
efficacy of, as collective prayer , 171
unhappy consciousness and , 191–192
using, to extend boundaries of faith communities , 181–182
sonorous communities
mysticism
existentialism and , 137
friendship and , 190–191
Maimonides and , 47
modern Jewish communities and , 182–185
reevaluation of work of Scholem , 48
relationship to poetry and philosophy , 50
Nahme, Paul E. , xiii–xiv, 26–27, 311–328
National Human Resources Protections Advisory Commission (NHRPAC) , 126–127
Natural History of Religion (Hume) , 249
natural right , 254
Neuhaus, Richard John , 115
neurophilosophy , 25
New Directions in Jewish Philosophy (Hughes and Wolfson) , 4–5
Nicomachean Ethics (Aristotle) , 282
Nietzsche, Friedrich , 173
non-Jewish communities and Jewish philosophy , 80–81
“Norbert M. Samuelson: An Intellectual Portrait” (Simon) , 53
Novak, David , 44–45, 265–268, 266n33, 267nn34–35
Nozick, Robert , 209
obscurantism, Kabbalah as embodiment of forces of , 32
“On Levinas and Judaism” (Putnam) , 209
ontological dependence , 219–221
Panksepp, Jaak , 276
Pascal , 296, 297
Pedaya, Haviva , 176n22
Peirce, Charles Sanders , 154, 163
peoplehood, as prejudice/quasi-racism , 143
“Perpetual Covenant of Jewish Learning, The” (Fisch) , 153, 153n6
phenomenology , 139–140, 143
Phenomenology (Hegel) , 261, 263
philosopher-rabbis , 22–23, 171–172
Philosophical Explanations (Nozick) , 209
Philosophical Investigations (Wittgenstein) , 102–103
philosophy
argumentation and , 49, 57
border with theology , 301–302
categorization in canons of , 195–197, 196n4
diverse genres of , 74
end of , 142–143
Enlightenment and , 134–135
epistemological and practical goals of , 131–132
ethnic-based rationalities and , 36
existentialism , 136–139, 140
isolation from life , 274, 275
as language game , 140–141
meaning and boundaries of, in academy , 271
as morally limited , 255n21, 255–256
political, versus political science , 256–258, 257n24
portrayal of, as neutral and universal , 195, 198–199, 205
as possessing absolute truth , 254, 293
post-structuralism , 141–142
recognition of immanent limits of scientific knowledge , 260
relationship to poetry and mysticism , 50
relationship to religion and revelation , 52
of religion , 34, 35
as rival to Judaism , 132
training in, and participation in public policy debates , 21, 122–128
truth as central issue of , 148
as way of life , 11, 11n22
analytic philosophy
Philosophy and Law (Strauss) , 254–257, 255n21
“Philosophy in Halakha: the Case of Intentional Action” (Lewinsohn) , 225–226
Pines, Shlomo , 48, 282
Plantinga, Alvin , 212, 213
Plaskow, Judith , 46–47
pluralism
basis for belief in , 118–119
in debate , 119–121
difficulties of , 122
fragmented communities within Judaism and , 43
language game approach and , 140
in practice , 121–122
using music to extend boundaries of faith communities , 181–182
poetry, relationship to mysticism and philosophy , 50
political philosophy versus political science , 256–258, 257n24
politics, political debates, and public policy
about State of Israel , 304
impact of Jewish philosophy on , 15–16, 16n32
Jewish philosophy’s need to enter , 26
oligarchic natures of US and Israel , 306, 306nn17–18
politics of identity , 308n23, 308–309
practical wisdom and , 257–258
religion in public discussion of , 115–117, 122
rise in anti-liberal populist nationalism and , 306–308, 307n21, 323
as site of truth , 293
toleration of differences , 122–123
training in philosophy and participation in , 21, 122–128
Popper, Karl , 274
Posen Foundation , 16
positivism, eclipse of , 61–62
postmodernism , 142, 231–232
post-structuralism , 141–142
practical wisdom , 257
pragmatism , 154–159
prayer and intention , 222–224
priority of practice theory , 215
public policy . politics, political debates, and public policy
Putnam, Hilary , 103, 209–210, 228n39, 248–249
rabbinic thinking , 265–270, 266n33, 267nn34–35, 268n36
rabbi/philosophers , 22–23, 171–172
Radical Enlightenment: Philosophy and the Making of Modernity 1650–1750 (Israel) , 248n3, 249
Rashkover, Randi , xiv, 25, 247–270
rationalism
as basis for religious belief , 45, 57n58
Enlightenment and , 134–135
Library of Contemporary Jewish Philosophers as testament to Jewish , 31
need for Jewish philosophy to return to , 21, 147–148
Spinoza and , 135
rationality
authority and , 158–164
in classical Greek philosophy , 286
as game of “deontic scorekeeping,” 155, 165–167
as inherent in all , 280n15
intersubjective discourse as requirement of , 156
moral agency and , 283
philosophy and ethnic-based , 36
priority of practice theory and , 215
religious experience and , 212–213
volitional attachments and , 166, 168
analytic philosophy
Rational Rabbis (Fisch) , 56–57, 153, 153n6, 156, 158–159
Ravven, Heidi M. , xiv, 25, 271–290
“Reflections” (Bleich) , 52
Reichmuth, Stefan , 186
religion
claims of truth , 35
as companion to “practical reason,” 135
education and , 140
modern study of , 249–250
in public political debates and public policy , 115–117, 122
relationship of philosophy and revelation to , 52, 212
as requiring suspension of ethics , 136
social scientific reduction of religion , 248–250
“Religious Communities, Secular Societies, and Sexuality: One Jewish Opinion” (Novak) , 267n35
Rethinking Jewish Philosophy: Beyond Particularism and Universalism (Hughes) , 195, 198–199
revelation
debate about extent and nature of , 119–120
defining , 55
encounter to explain experience of , 137
in exegesis , 139
God as unique source of morality and , 254, 258
modern religious experience and belief in , 212
philosophy’s inability to disprove or prove , 255n21, 255–256
relationship to religion and philosophy , 52, 212
traditions based on , 258
Revelation and the God of Israel (Samuelson) , 212
Ricoeur, Paul , 188–190
“Role of Dogma in Judaism, The” (Novak) , 266n33
Rorty, Richard , 107–108, 296–297
Rosenzweig, Franz
encounter to explain experience of revelation , 137
Fisher on , 232
primal irreducible elements , 145
Putnam’s interpretation of , 103
theological realism and , 245
“Rosenzweig and Wittgenstein” (Putnam) , 103
Ross, Tamar , 54–55, 140–141, 207
Rudolph, Otto , 250
Saadia , 68
Sabbath, as sign of freedom , 67
Sacks, Elias R. , xiv, 20, 79–97
Sacks, Jonathan , 43–44, 107
Sagi, Avi , 49–50, 137, 141
Salanter, Yisrael , 228n39
Samuelson, Norbert M.
epistemological scale from belief to knowledge , 146
essential theological principles of Judaism , 147–148
influence of , 69
Library of Contemporary Jewish Philosophers , 3, 53
on Maimonides’ synthesis of Judaism and philosophy , 133
revelation and rationality , 212
Schleiermacher, Friedrich , 250
Scholem, Gershom , 48
Schweid, Eliezer , 13, 42–43
“Science, Religion, and Rationality: A Neo-Hegelian Approach” (Fisch) , 154–155, 156, 157, 165
“Science as Vocation” (Weber) , 25
sciences
classification in , 291–292
fact-value divide
scientific worldview , 146–147
Scriptural Reasoning , 303
secularity, equation with modernity of , 64
Segal, Aaron , 213–215
self-sacrifice , 227–228
Shalom Hartman Institute , 16
Shame and Necessity (Williams) , 230
Shatz, David
extreme altruism , 227–229, 228n39
free will and , 216–218
Library of Contemporary Jewish Philosophers , 56–57
overview of , 216
Shonkoff, Sam Berrin , 52, 139
Sidorsky, David , 45
Simon, Jules , 53
Smithsonian Museum of Natural History Broader Social Impacts Committee , 127
Soloveitchik, Joseph B.
background , 247
existentialism and , 138
Jewish philosophy as reserver of Jewish culture , 106, 107
prayer and intention , 223–224
Shatz on , 57
sonorous communities
creation of , 172, 179–181
defining , 171
history , 173
Speculum of the Other Woman (Irigaray) , 178
Spinoza, Baruch
biological conception of human nature , 284
as example of what Jewish philosophy can be and do , 68–69
fact-value divide and , 248n3
goal of , 135
influence of Descartes on , 73, 277
influence of Maimonides on , 277, 283
materialism and , 278n10
as philosopher whose works should be lived , 287
as “proto-biologist,” 276–277
Star of Redemption (Rosenzweig) , 145
Strauss, Leo , 25, 254–260, 255n21, 256n24, 293
Stump, Eleonore , 211n6, 214n15, 216–218
Substance and Subject , 258–259, 263, 264
supernaturalism , 277
Sztuden, Alex , xiv–xv, 26, 209–230
Taylor, Charles , 181
technology , 17–18, 111–112, 149
theological realism , 21, 144–145, 245
theology
agenda of , 266n33
border with philosophy , 301–302
covenant , 45
essential principles of Judaism and , 147–148
ethics as closer to halakhah than , 46
fact-value divide and , 251
foundational, at heart of Jewish canon , 157–158
marginalization of, in academy , 237–238
need for journals of , 236–238
rabbinic , 244–245
therapy model of Jewish philosophy , 102–105
Through a Speculum that Shines (Wolfson) , 142
Through Vegetal Being (Irigaray) , 178
Tiberean Hasidism and aliyah of 1777 , 182–185
Tikvah Fund , 15n28
“Time, Creation, and the Mirror of Narcissus” (Goodman) , 147
Tirosh-Samuelson, Hava , 3–27
constructive nature of Jewish philosophy , 318
constructive versus descriptive philosophy , 296n7
definition of Jewish philosophy , 100
inaccessibility of Jewish philosophy to Jewish communities , 79
on Library of Contemporary Jewish Philosophers , 271, 291, 299–300
on tools of analytic philosophy and Jewish philosophy , 298, 299
works , xv
Tishby, Isaiah , 42n3
tradition versus traditionalism , 153–154
transcendence , 148–149, 187–188
truth
absence of revealed, in Judaism , 236–237
in analytic philosophy , 298
as central issue of philosophy , 148
language game approach and , 141
Maimonides and , 133
phenomenology and , 139–140
philosophy as possessing absolute , 254, 293
politics and , 293
religious claims of , 35
Sacks and , 43–44, 44n7
science and , 248n3
subjectivity as path to , 136
vulgarization and trivialization of, by untrammeled nationalism , 208–209
two books metaphor , 252–253
Two Models of Jewish Philosophy (Rynhold) , 215
Understanding the Sick and the Healthy (Rosenzweig) , 103
unhappy consciousness , 191n88, 191–192
Vajda, Georges , 47
values , 254 fact-value divide
Van Norden, Bryan W. , 36–37, 272
vegetal thinking , 178–179
View from Within: Normativity and the Limits of Self Criticism, The (Fisch and Benbaji) , 154, 155–156, 165–167, 168
Vindication of the Rights of Women, The (Wollstonecraft) , 205
voluntarism , 279–280, 281
Weber, Max , 25
Western philosophy . philosophy
Wettstein, Howard , 214–215
What Is Ancient Philosophy? (Hadot) , 285
Williams, Bernard , 230
Wise, Isaac Meyer , 247
Wissenschaft des Judentums movement , 25, 250, 256
Wittgenstein, Ludwig , 102–103, 140–141
Wolfson, Elliot R. , 4–5, 50, 138, 141–142
Wolfson, Harry , 32n5
Wollstonecraft, Mary , 205
women
education of , 205
giving more space in Judaism to , 54–55
Jewish philosophy and , 176n22, 176–177
language game approach and , 141
Worship of the Heart (Soloveitchik) , 223–224
Yavneh cycle , 158–160
Zevit, Ziony , 237–238
Zohar, attempt to systematize , 42n3
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