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Naomi Hosoda
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Masaki Matsuo
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Koji Horinuki
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Index

Abaya/Abāyah 118 , 162 , 205
Abu Dhabi 77–78 , 80–82 , 103 , 119 , 137 , 160 , 174 , 176 , 182 , 184 , 187 , 187n6 , 188 , 188n7 , 189 , 198 , 227 , 232 , 257n20
Abu Dhabi Dialogue 36 , 46
Abuse 36n7 , 38 , 42 , 45 , 47 , 83 , 92 , 99 , 119 , 125 , 132–134 , 145 , 147–148 , 156 , 156n7 , 161 , 165–167 , 173 , 176 , 209 , 210maltreatment, human rights violation, violence
Agency (organization) 17 , 39n13 , 126 , 131 , 137 , 148 , 154 , 167n12 , 168 , 175 , 181 , 220 , 225n7 , 239 , 256
employment 12 , 37 , 226
recruitment/recruiting 90–91 , 114 , 128 , 130 , 133–135 , 137 , 149 , 179 , 225–226 , 236–238 , 240
training 119
American(s) 31 , 82 , 167n12 , 196 , 220 , 246 , 252–253 , 253n7 , 255 , 257n19
Amnesty 3n1 , 25 , 27 , 39 , 45 , 147 , 159 , 166 , 166n12 , 167n12
program 27
Amnesty International 3n1 , 25 , 45 , 147
Arab Spring 59
Association 13 , 39n13 , 42 , 74 , 149 , 157 , 172 , 183–184 , 187–188 , 187n6 , 188n7 , 189n8 , 190 , 205 , 220 , 224 , 247
Australia 32 , 43 , 180 , 253 , 256
Australian(s) 253
Authoritarian 15 , 53 , 55–56 , 70–71 , 74 , 76
monarchies 15 , 53
Authoritarianism 56 , 68 , 74
Bachelor 27 , 27n3
Bahrain 1 , 9 , 10n3 , 16 , 26 , 28 , 32 , 34 , 39n13 , 41–44 , 56–59 , 69 , 73 , 75–76 , 104n1 , 146 , 151 , 151n3 , 155 , 158 , 172 , 173n1 , 224–225 , 227–228
Balik-Islam 163 , 202 , 208
Bangladesh 13 , 27–28 , 35 , 43 , 125 , 129 , 195n2 , 198 , 237–241 , 252
Bangladeshi(s) 10–11 , 13 , 38n12 , 116n16 , 236–241 , 252–253
Bed space 175–178 , 181 , 185–186 , 203
Bedouin 106
Branch campus 82 , 253 , 253n7 , 255
British 44 , 46 , 73–74 , 103–104 , 104n1 , 218 , 220–221 , 223–224 , 229n14 , 233 , 252–253 , 255 , 257 , 257n19
Briton(s) 163
Broker 12 , 137 , 238–241
Buddhism 197n4
Buddhist 148
Burj Al Arab 79
Burj Khalifa 45 , 79–80 , 115n14
Canada 29 , 32 , 129 , 158 , 180 , 222–223 , 256
Catholic(s) 174 , 178 , 184–186 , 221 , 228n12 , 230–231 , 231n16 , 233Christian(s), Christianity
Central Board of Secondary Education 251
Christian(s) 13 , 132 , 150 , 178 , 184–187 , 194–196 , 199 , 202 , 202n12 , 206–207 , 212 , 221 , 223–228 , 230–233Catholic(s), Christianity
Christianity 13 , 185 , 195 , 202n12 , 221Catholic(s), Christian(s)
Citizenship 2 , 5 , 12 , 29n6 , 37n11 , 155–156 , 172 , 195 , 218n2 , 219 , 244 , 257
migrant 155–156
Civil society 132 , 136
Coexistence 195
pseudo- 40
Consulate 159 , 160n8 , 162 , 164–166 , 183 , 187 , 187n6
Conversion 13 , 194–195 , 197–207 , 198n6 , 209–214
to Islam 197 , 199 , 202–206 , 208 , 213
Crime 38–40 , 39n14 , 93n3
Da’wa 199–200
De-Arabization 11n5 , 86
Demographic imbalance 35 , 40 , 53 , 117–118 , 118n18
Dependence on foreign labor 100
Deportation 164 , 167 , 181 , 183 , 189 , 240
Dhaka 237
Division of labor 53 , 55–57 , 71 , 83
Doha 45 , 77 , 79–82 , 207 , 210
Domestic worker(s) 5 , 7 , 7n2 , 8n2 , 9–11 , 10n3 , 13 , 15 , 25 , 28n5 , 36n7 , 38 , 42–43 , 45 , 83–100 , 92n2 , 104–107 , 109–112 , 109n4 , 111n7 , 112n8 , 112n9 , 114–120 , 115n13 , 117n17 , 118n18 , 125–128 , 125n1 , 126n2 , 130–133 , 134n4 , 135–137 , 145–153 , 145n1 , 151n3 , 152n4 , 155–157 , 156n7 , 159–163 , 165–168 , 166n12 , 175–176 , 185 , 185n5 , 188 , 195–196 , 198–199 , 202 , 205 , 209–214 , 250
Dubai 1 , 13 , 26 , 27n3 , 33 , 39n14 , 45 , 77–81 , 87 , 89 , 103 , 105 , 116 , 115n14 , 119 , 149 , 172–174 , 176–189 , 187n6 , 197 , 200–202 , 204 , 204n15 , 206 , 208–209 , 219 , 221 , 221n4 , 226–231 , 227n9 , 229n14 , 232n17 , 243–246 , 244n1 , 244n2 , 245n4 , 245n5 , 245n6 , 248 , 250 , 250n1 , 253 , 255–256 , 256n16
“Dubai (debt) Crisis” 33 , 80 , 227n9
Dubai International Airport 79
Education 30 , 42 , 75 , 82 , 84–85 , 97–99 , 107 , 113 , 117 , 127 , 130–131 , 133 , 155n6 , 199 , 201 , 224n5 , 227–229 , 250–256 , 257n19
City 82
primary and secondary 229n13 , 255
higher 97 , 229 , 253–254private school, university
Educational 81 , 126 , 148 , 160 , 174n2 , 175 , 229 , 229n13 , 251–253
and career paths 13
Egypt 27–28 , 34–35 , 54 , 195n2
Egyptian(s) 11 , 74 , 116n16 , 163 , 245 , 252
Embassy 157 , 159 , 160n8 , 166 , 167n12 , 174 , 176 , 183 , 187 , 187n6 , 198 , 219 , 250 , 251n3
Emirati(s) 104–105 , 107n2 , 109n4 , 110 , 110n5 , 113 , 116–120 , 117n17 , 245 , 247 , 250–251 , 250n1
Emiratization 125n1
Energy 73 , 112 , 246
English 92 , 112 , 112n8 , 159 , 174n2 , 180 , 196–197 , 201 , 204 , 227 , 230 , 250n1 , 251–252 , 252n4
Ethiopia 28 , 28n5 , 45 , 125 , 130 , 198
Ethiopian(s) 10 , 116n16 , 132 , 160 , 166
Facebook 159 , 185 , 230
Family 12 , 14–15 , 27 , 27n3 , 36n10 , 37–38 , 37n11 , 56 , 80 , 84–86 , 88–89 , 90–98 , 100–101 , 103–105 , 107–108 , 107n2 , 110–120 , 111n7 , 112n8 , 113n10 , 113n10 , 115n13 , 116n16 , 117n17 , 118n18 , 127–128 , 130–132 , 134–137 , 147 , 155 , 161–163 , 165 , 168n14 , 172–173 , 174n2 , 175–176 , 178–179 , 182–183 , 185 , 187–188 , 190 , 198–200 , 202–204 , 210–214 , 219 , 224–225 , 227–229 , 231 , 233 , 247 , 250–251 , 255–256
extended 84 , 97 , 100 , 111 , 117
nuclear 111 , 111n7
reunification 27 , 36n10 , 37 , 37n11
structure(s) 104 , 108 , 111 , 117
transnational 85
visa 37kinship networks
Feminization 97
of migration 83 , 85 , 146 , 156
fifa (Fédération Internationale de Football Association) 2022 World Cup 26 , 26n2 , 37 , 45 , 81
Filipino(s) 11 , 13 , 15 , 27 , 28n5 , 91 , 116n16 , 127 , 137 , 145–146 , 149–151 , 153 , 156–157 , 156n7 , 159–160 , 162–167 , 167n13 , 172–191 , 173n1 , 184n4 , 188n7 , 189n8 , 195–198 , 198n6 , 202–214 , 202n13 , 204n15 , 204n16 , 204n17 , 220 , 233 , 245 , 251–253 , 255
community 146 , 156–157 , 159 , 165 , 175 , 180 , 184 , 187 , 190 , 207Philippines, Overseas Filipino worker
Filipina(s) 10–11 , 10n4 , 13–14 , 128 , 149–150 , 156 , 156n7 , 160–163 , 165–167 , 166n12 , 173 , 178 , 198–199 , 205 , 207 , 209 , 212–213
Flor Contemplacion 133 , 157
Free Trade Agreement (fta) 41–42
Free zone(s) 79 , 81 , 245Jebel Ali Free Zone
Gender 2 , 15 , 27 , 83 , 88–89 , 97 , 108 , 109n4 , 130 , 132 , 136 , 145–147 , 185
norm 8n2 , 98
role 87 , 98–99 , 101 , 108
Generation 15 , 84 , 100 , 111 , 117–118 , 117n17 , 257
gaps 118
second 13
Ghatra 118
Ghost employment/Ghost employee(s) 65 , 67–68 , 70–71
Global care chain 85 , 99
Global Forum on Migration Development (gfmd) 25
Global householding 83 , 85 , 87 , 97–98
Goa 13 , 220–233 , 221n3 , 224n5 , 226n8 , 227n9 , 228n11 , 232n17 , 233n20 , 254
Goan(s) 13–14 , 220–221 , 223–233 , 224n5 , 225n7 , 226n8 , 227n9 , 228n12 , 230n15 , 232n17 , 232n18 , 252
Gulf Corporation Council (gcc) 16 , 30 , 36 , 36n8 , 41 , 79 , 146–147 , 196 , 213 , 245
Gulf War 8 , 255
Hajj 73
Hareem system 110 , 110n5
Hawala 32
Heritage 118
Hindi 252 , 252n4
Hindu(s) 197n4 , 221 , 223 , 225 , 247
Human right(s) 37n11 , 38 , 41 , 45 , 47 , 83 , 119–120 , 145 , 156
group(s) / organization(s) 3 , 25 , 45 , 152
violation(s) 2–3 , 5 , 14 , 25 , 43 , 133 , 137 , 147–148 , 156 , 173abuse, maltreatment, violence
Human Rights Watch 3n1 , 10n3 , 37n8 , 45 , 147 , 151 , 151n3
Human trafficking 41 , 132 , 148
Illegal(s) 27 , 27n3 , 38–39 , 116 , 119 , 165 , 223 , 225 , 240
migrant(s) 90 , 159 , 165–166 , 223
resident 27 , 219
India 6 , 10–13 , 27–28 , 34–35 , 37 , 42–43 , 45 , 73–74 , 79 , 104 , 114 , 125 , 130–131 , 190 , 195n2 , 197n4 , 198 , 218–224 , 227 , 229–230 , 245–248 , 250–257
Indian(s) 3 , 11 , 13–14 , 45 , 79 , 114 , 115n13 , 116n16 , 160 , 173–174 , 177–178 , 190 , 195n2 , 200–201 , 218–224 , 227 , 229–230 , 232–234 , 240 , 243–248 , 250–254 , 256–257
traders 106
Informal 15 , 38 , 145 , 149 , 167 , 172 , 214 , 237
safety nets 13 , 145–146 , 149 , 156–157 , 166–167 , 173 , 183
sectors 148
support activities 150 , 161
protection 13 , 150 , 161 , 165 , 167
Indonesia 28 , 35 , 42–43 , 42n15 , 92 , 92n2 , 94 , 104 , 114 , 114n12 , 125 , 128–131 , 133 , 198
Indonesian(s) 10–11 , 42n15 , 92n2 , 94 , 96 , 116 , 127–128 , 131 , 133 , 160 , 201 , 253
Integration 2 , 4 , 14 , 36 , 36n10 , 39–40 , 47 , 83 , 105 , 115 , 118n18 , 129 , 148 , 212 , 214
Intermarriage(s) 2 , 198 , 199 , 202 , 208–209 , 213marriage(s)
International 3–5 , 8–9 , 14–17 , 23–26 , 29 , 32 , 34–35 , 40–41 , 45–47 , 74 , 74n1 , 79 , 81 , 83 , 85 , 99 , 106 , 109 , 119 , 125 , 127 , 131 , 136 , 150–153 , 156n7 , 159 , 174 , 180 , 182 , 203 , 246 , 253 , 255
human rights pressure 38 , 45
institution 41 , 45–47
International Labor Organization (ilo) 16 , 25 , 41 , 126 , 128 , 132 , 137 , 145–146 , 146n2
International Organization for Migration (iom) 16 , 25 , 41 , 128–13
International Trade Union Confederation (ituc) 46 , 126
Iqama 100 , 166 , 167n12
Iran 1 , 16 , 28 , 35 , 43 , 79 , 81 , 106 , 177 , 225n6 , 227
Iranian(s) 11 , 73 , 79–80 , 115n13 , 177 , 195n2
Iraq 1 , 16 , 34 , 225n6 , 227 , 256
Iraqi 256
Islam 13 , 15 , 73 , 135 , 163 , 184 , 194–200 , 202–214 , 221
Islamic 93 , 111n5 , 152 , 161 , 199–211 , 213 , 247–248 , 252
Islamic Center 197 , 200–214
Israel 54 , 74 , 74n1
Japan 43–44 , 156 , 158 , 221
Jebel Ali Free Zone 79free zone
Jeddah 1 , 159 , 162 , 165–166
Jordan 1 , 28 , 35 , 43–44 , 252
Jordanian(s) 116n16
Kafala 2–3 , 5 , 25 , 36–38 , 56 , 213 , 220 , 240sponsor
Kafeel 4 , 37 , 238–240sponsor
Kerala 37 , 201 , 219–220 , 223 , 225 , 230 , 233 , 246 , 252 , 255
Kinship networks 98family
Kish Island (Iran) 1 , 177
Knowledge based economy 113
Kochi 246
Kuwait 1 , 4 , 8–9 , 10n3 , 16 , 25–26 , 28–29 , 32 , 34–35 , 37 , 43 , 46 , 56–59 , 69 , 73 , 75 , 126 , 146–147 , 151 , 153 , 155 , 157–158 , 166n12 , 167 , 167n13 , 197 , 200 , 224–225 , 231–232 , 232n19 , 250–252 , 253n6 , 254–256 , 257n18–20
Kuwait City 1 , 250 , 254n9 , 255n12 , 255n13 , 255n15 , 256n17
Labor 2–5 , 7–8 , 10 , 12 , 15–16 , 23–27 , 28n5 , 29 , 34–35 , 36n8 , 37–38 , 40–43 , 45–47 , 53–57 , 59 , 63–64 , 67–71 , 74 , 76 , 83–86 , 96–100 , 103 , 110–112 , 113n10 , 119–120 , 125–126 , 128–131 , 136–138 , 151 , 151n3 , 152–154 , 157 , 160 , 166 , 173 , 176 , 179 , 183 , 189–190 , 202n11 , 203–204 , 219 , 236–237 , 240
Child 41
Law(s) 36n9 , 87 , 125–126 , 131 , 137 , 147 , 150–152 , 209
Code(s) 153 , 176
Reproductive 147
Labor-brokering regime/state 154
Lebanon 28 , 35 , 43–44 , 146 , 149 , 195n2 , 252
Lebanese 116n16
Maltreatment 83 , 93abuse, human rights violation, violence
Marriage(s) 85 , 98 , 198 , 202n12 , 203–204 , 208 , 227 , 233intermarriage(s)
Middlemen 237
“Masdar City” 81
Mindanao 150 , 161 , 163–164 , 197 , 202 , 207
Monarch(ies) 15–16 , 23 , 53 , 55 , 74
Moneylender(s) 238–239
Muslim(s) 5 , 91 , 94 , 98 , 114n12 , 132–133 , 135 , 149–150 , 161 , 163–164 , 166 , 195–214 , 219 , 223 , 240
Nationality 2 , 4–7 , 10–11 , 13–14 , 16 , 27–30 , 56 , 71 , 86 , 88–89 , 108 , 114 , 116n16 , 146 , 148 , 156–157 , 159–161 , 167–168 , 172–173 , 177 , 180 , 184 , 189–190 , 194–196 , 200–201 , 203–204 , 206 , 208–209 , 211–214 , 220 , 233 , 243 , 245 , 251 , 253 , 257
Nationalization 64 , 68 , 100 , 110
Naturalization 16 , 36n10
Nepal 27–28 , 34–35 , 44 , 125 , 129 , 198
Niṭāqāt 65–68 , 100
No Objection Certificate 38
Non-governmental organization(s) (ngo(s)) 7 , 24 , 42 , 45–46 , 74 , 128 , 130 , 133 , 146 , 148 , 150 , 154 , 157 , 159 , 160n8 , 161 , 164–165 , 174 , 183
Non-resident Indian (nri) 218–219 , 223–224 , 226 , 227n9 , 233n20 , 246 , 254–255
quota 254–255
Occupational preference 54 , 59 , 62
Oil 8 , 10 , 16 , 23–24 , 26 , 53–57 , 59–60 , 62–64 , 66 , 68–71 , 73–83 , 85–87 , 99–101 , 103–104 , 106 , 108–109 , 114–115 , 120 , 147 , 153 , 175 , 255
embargo 74
boom 3 , 8 , 11 , 24 , 32 , 83 , 86 , 146 , 175 , 221 , 223–224
revenue 55–56 , 69 , 70 , 74 , 77 , 81
shock 153
Oman 1 , 8–9 , 10 , 16 , 25–28 , 32 , 39 , 41 , 43–44 , 56–57 , 69 , 73 , 75 , 104 , 126 , 155 , 157–158 , 162
Omani 27
Overseas Filipino workers (ofws) 153–158 , 165Filipino, Filipina
Overseas Workers Welfare Administration (owwa) 128 , 134 , 137 , 150 , 155 , 160 , 164 , 167
Overstay 38 , 159 , 183
Pakistan 27–28 , 35 , 44 , 73 , 129 , 190 , 195 , 198 , 208 , 247 , 252
Pakistani(s) 11 , 73 , 174 , 190 , 198 , 208–209 , 213 , 240 , 245 , 247 , 253
Philippine Overseas Employment Administration (poea) 10 , 128 , 133 , 153 , 160 , 174
Philippine Overseas Labor Office (polo) 128 , 137 , 150
Philippines 6 , 11–12 , 14 , 28 , 35 , 42 , 44–45 , 91–92 , 94 , 104 , 114–116 , 125 , 127–130 , 132–133 , 135–136 , 145 , 148 , 151–156 , 159–161 , 163 , 173–174 , 176–185 , 187 , 190 , 195 , 197–198 , 202–203 , 205–208 , 210–212 , 230 , 253–254 , 256–257Filipino
Policy 2–5 , 7–10 , 12 , 14–16 , 23–25 , 35–37 , 39–40 , 46–47 , 54–56 , 59 , 64–65 , 67–68 , 70–71 , 81 , 86 , 110 , 113 , 115 , 117–118 , 132 , 146–149 , 154 , 160 , 173 , 189 , 212 , 214 , 247 , 256
Polygamy 199 , 203
Pre-departure Orientation Seminar (pdos) 128 , 133–135 , 154
Pre-departure program 125–126 , 128–132 , 134–138
Private schools 251education
Private sector 43 , 56–57 , 59 , 62–63 , 65–69 , 71 , 75
Private sphere(s) 83 , 87 , 95 , 97 , 120
Protection 3 , 13 , 15 , 24 , 37 , 41–42 , 45–46 , 119 , 126–128 , 131 , 136–137 , 147–154 , 156 , 161 , 165 , 167 , 223 , 254–255
measures 126 , 145 , 147 , 149 , 151 , 153–154 , 156 , 167
Protectorate 74 , 104
Public sector 54 , 56–57 , 59 , 61 , 63–65 , 75
Public sphere 116 , 117n17 , 153 , 203n14
Qatar 1 , 8–10 , 13 , 16 , 26–29 , 32–33 , 35 , 37–38 , 41 , 43–46 , 56–59 , 70 , 73 , 75–77 , 81–82 , 126 , 149 , 151 , 155 , 157–158 , 161 , 194–195 , 197–200 , 203–204 , 206–207 , 209–212 , 214 , 225 , 253 , 255
Qatari(s) 26 , 198 , 211
Quality of living 113
Qur'an 107 , 200 , 202 , 247
Ramadan 91 , 93 , 96 , 98 , 166 , 199–200 , 247
Recruiter 154 , 161–162 , 165agency
Religion 7 , 11 , 13 , 73 , 152 , 194–197 , 199–200 , 207 , 210 , 220 , 247–248
Remittance(s) 15 , 24 , 32–35 , 42 , 125 , 134 , 154–155 , 211 , 245
Rentier state(s) 8 , 55 , 68 , 71 , 75
Reproductive sphere(s) 10 , 83 , 85–86 , 145
Resilience 125–128 , 130 , 132 , 136–138
Runaway 90 , 98 , 128 , 149 , 163 , 165–166
Safety net(s) 13 , 15 , 127 , 145–146 , 149 , 156–157 , 165–168 , 173 , 183 , 190 , 194
Saudi(s) 28 , 45 , 59–70 , 84 , 87 , 92–101 , 149 , 152 , 159 , 165
Saudi Arabia 1 , 9–10 , 16 , 25–26 , 28–29 , 32 , 34 , 41–45 , 53 , 56–57 , 59–60 , 62 , 65 , 67 , 69 , 73–76 , 81 , 83–87 , 90 , 92 , 94 , 96–98 , 100 , 109 , 126 , 149 , 151–153 , 155 , 157–163 , 165–167 , 173–174 , 197 , 199 , 203 , 207 , 210 , 218–219 , 225 , 227 , 253
Shahadah 199 , 204 , 207 , 210 , 213
Sheikh Zayed Road 243
Sheila 118
Singapore 133 , 155–156 , 158 , 173 , 253
Slavery 4 , 10 , 46 , 85 , 108
Social capital 167 , 239
Sponsor 2–5 , 25 , 36–40 , 47 , 95 , 155 , 175 , 179 , 183 , 204 , 214 , 220 , 229 , 232 , 237–238 , 240–241 , 251 , 257kafala, kafeel
Sri Lanka 28 , 35 , 42 , 44 , 114 , 126 , 129–131 , 148 , 162 , 198 , 218–219 , 252
Sri Lankan(s) 10–11 , 131 , 160 , 207
Standard employment contract 151–152
Subsistence economy 108
Sudan 28
Sudanese 11
Survival strategy 11 , 13 , 71 , 149 , 172–173 , 189
Syria 35 , 43 , 89 , 195 , 252
Syrian 28 , 116 , 207
Tadbeer offices 119
Tagalog 174 , 184 , 197 , 199 , 201 , 205 , 209 , 230
Tago ng tago (tnt) 163
Tax(es) 8 , 27 , 55 , 69–71 , 74–75 , 99 , 181 , 244
Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (tesda) 130 , 134–135 , 155
Temporariness 256
Tradition 4 , 15 , 27 , 45 , 54 , 83–86 , 96 , 98 , 100 , 104–105 , 107 , 110–112 , 117–118 , 120 , 127 , 135 , 147 , 181 , 230 , 238 , 243
Tribal belonging 107
Tribal family 104
Unemployment 12 , 25 , 40 , 53 , 56 , 59 , 64–65 , 67 , 71 , 153
rate 53 , 55 , 98
Undocumented 27 , 125 , 173 , 183
worker(s) 163 , 173
United Arab Emirates (uae) 1 , 5 , 8–11 , 13 , 15–16 , 25–30 , 32–33 , 35–37 , 39–40 , 43–46 , 56 , 59 , 64 , 69 , 73–75 , 77–78 , 80 , 103–120 , 126 , 128 , 133 , 146–152 , 155–158 , 160–161 , 172–176 , 178–185 , 187–191 , 194–195 , 197 , 199–201 , 203–204 , 206 , 209 , 212 , 214 , 218–219 , 221 , 225 , 227 , 229 , 231 , 243–248 , 250–251 , 254 , 257
2030 Vision Plan 119
United Kingdom (uk) 28 , 32 , 43 , 158 , 224 , 253–255
United Nations (un) 27 , 41 , 99 , 104 , 129–130 , 139 , 253
United States (us) 8 , 29 , 32 , 40 , 79 , 81–82 , 157–158 , 174 , 180 , 218–219 , 223 , 246 , 253–255
University(ies) 81–82 , 165 , 174–175 , 187 , 253–257education
Ustaj 163
Value 9 , 57 , 61–65 , 68 , 80 , 87 , 99 , 108–109 , 118 , 128 , 134–135 , 181 , 212 , 227
system 87 , 101
Violence 4 , 39 , 74 , 83 , 90 , 109 , 145 , 176abuse, human rights violation, maltreatment
Visa(s) 14 , 25 , 37–39 , 65 , 90 , 152 , 159 , 174 , 177–179 , 181–182 , 218 , 225–226 , 236–241 , 251 , 256–257
visit 15 , 37 , 138 , 173 , 176–181 , 190
work 13 , 236–241
“Visa run” 181
Wage(s) 2 , 10 , 27n3 , 28 , 38 , 42 , 54 , 56–59 , 63–65 , 67–70 , 75 , 83 , 90 , 146 , 150–151 , 156 , 160–161 , 167–168 , 239
difference(s) 63
minimum 10n4 , 42 , 67 , 160
Welfare 59 , 103 , 153–154
Yemen 1 , 28 , 34–35 , 43 , 74 , 195n2 , 225n6
Yemeni(s) 11 , 34

Citation Info

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Asian Migrant Workers in the Arab Gulf States

The Growing Foreign Population and Their Lives

Series:  The Intimate and the Public in Asian and Global Perspectives, Volume: 10
Cover Asian Migrant Workers in the Arab Gulf States
E-Book ISBN:
9789004395404
Publisher:
Brill
Print Publication Date:
23 Oct 2019
Front Matter
Introduction Socioeconomic Spaces and Migrants’ Lives in the Arab Gulf States
Part 1 Migration Policy and the Relationship between Nationals and Migrant Workers
Part 2 Lives, Community, and Networks among Asian Migrant Workers
Back Matter

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