Abbreviations
Arab. Arabic
BCE Before Common Era
c. century
ca. circa
CE Common Era
CERES Center for Religious Studies (Centrum für Religionswissenschaft- liche Studien), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany
cf. confer
Chin. Chinese
CHIS Cultural History Information System
d. died
d.u. dates unknown
e.g. exempli gratia
ERC European Resuscitation Council
etc. et cetera
FWF Austrian Science Fund
i.e. id est
Germ. German
fl. flourished
ibid. ibidem
IDP International Dunhuang Project at the British Library in London
Kh. Khotanese
Kor. Korean
Mong. Mongolian
ms(s). manuscript(s)
Mt. Mount
NIT National Institute of Technology Sikkim
OU Old Uyghur
PI Principal Investigator
pl. plate
P. no. numbering of caves in Dunhuang according to Paul Pelliot
r. reign
Skt. Sanskrit
Tang. Tangut
Tib. Tibetan
tr. translated by
U.K. United Kingdom
YDA Garash Young Drugkpa Association
Symbols
< borrowed from
<< indirectly borrowed from
> borrowed into
[ ] gaps in the fragments
(ä) unwritten vowels and consonants
{ä} deleted against the fragment
[…] omission
₂ hendiadys
* reconstructed titles or terminologies
□ illegible character