0.1 Hendrick Goltzius, Apollo Belvedere, 1592, printed 1617, engraving, plate: 400 × 292 mm, sheet: 402 × 305 mm, Princeton, Princeton University Art Museum, Bequest of Junius S. Morgan, Class of 1888, inv. x1934-675 © Princeton University Art Museum 3
0.2 Marcantonio Raimondi, Apollo Belvedere, ca. 1512, engraving, 291 × 162 mm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Elisha Whittelsey Collection, The Elisha Whittelsey Fund, 1949, inv. 49.97.114 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 5
0.3 Marcantonio Raimondi, Marcus Aurelius, ca. 1510–12, engraving, 215 × 142 mm, Paris, Paris Musées, Musée des Beaux-Arts de la Ville de Paris, Petit Palais, inv. GDUT6253 © Paris Musées 6
0.4 Nicolas Beatrizet, Marcus Aurelius, 1548, engraving (first state), 361 × 242 mm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Harris Brisbane Dick Fund, 1953, inv. 53.600.855 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 11
0.5 Marcello Fogolino, Marcus Aurelius, early 1530s, etching and drypoint, 199 × 152 mm, Dresden, Staatliche Kunstsammlungen, Kupferstich-Kabinett, inv. A 86128 © Kupferstich-Kabinett, Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden, photo: Herbert Boswank 12
0.6 Battista Franco, Crepuscolo (Dusk) (after the statue of Michelangelo), ca. 1536, engraving and etching, 303 × 451 mm, Berlin, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Kupferstichkabinett, inv. 64–102 © Kupferstichkabinett der Staatlichen Museen zu Berlin – Preußischer Kulturbesitz, photo: Volker-H. Schneider 15
0.7 Battista Franco, Aurora (Dawn) (after the statue of Michelangelo), ca. 1536, engraving and etching, 307 × 443 mm, Berlin, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Kupferstichkabinett, inv. 65-102 © Kupferstichkabinett der Staatlichen Museen zu Berlin – Preußischer Kulturbesitz, photo: Volker-H. Schneider 15
0.8 Cornelis Cort, The Tomb of Lorenzo de’ Medici with two Statues (after Michelangelo), 1570, engraving, 559 x 406 mm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Harris Brisbane Dick Fund, 1945, inv. 45.47.3(5) © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 16
0.9 Marcantonio Raimondi, The Martyrdom of Saint Cecilia, ca. 1518, engraving, 234 × 400 mm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Gift of Henry Walters, 1917 inv. 17.37.151 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 26
0.10 Hendrick Goltzius, Farnese Hercules, ca. 1592, dated 1617, engraving, 421 × 304 mm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Gift of Henry Walters, 1917, inv. 17.37.59 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 28
0.11 Giulio Bonasone, Pietà (after the statue of Michelangelo), 1547, engraving, 263 × 171 mm, New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Elisha Whittelsey Collection, The Elisha Whittelsey Fund, 1959, inv. 59.595.3 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 30
1.1 Giovanni Battista Scultori, The Trojans Repelling the Greeks, 1538, engraving, 405 × 580 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. RP-P-OB-39.189 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 43
1.2 Giovanni Battista Scultori, Pallas Athena, 1538, engraving, 170 × 98 mm, Philadelphia, Philadelphia Museum of Art, inv. 1985-52-26130 44
1.3 Enea Vico, The Academy of Baccio Bandinelli, ca. 1544, engraving, 307 × 476 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. RP-P-OB-38.316 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 45
1.4 Enea Vico, The Academy of Baccio Bandinelli, ca. 1561–62, engraving, 296 × 472 mm, Philadelphia, Philadelphia Museum of Art, inv. 1985-52-1864 45
1.5 Jacob Binck, Portrait of Joachim Hoechstetter, 1532, engraving, 125 × 108 mm, London, British Museum, Department of Prints and Drawings, inv. 1874.0808.2369 © The Trustees of the British Museum 47
1.6 Jan van Eyck, Leal Souvenir, 1432, oil on oak panel, 333 × 189 mm, London, National Gallery, inv. NG290 48
1.7 Funerary altar of Cominia Tyche, ca. A.D. 90–100, marble, h. 101.6 cm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Gift of Philip Hofer, 1938, inv. 38.27 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 49
1.8 Marco Dente, Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius, ca. 1520, engraving, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Elisha Whittelsey Collection and Fund, 1959, inv. 59.570.282 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 51
1.9 Antonio Benci called Antonio del Pollaiolo, Battle of the Nudes, 1470s–80s, engraving, 424 × 609 mm, Cleveland, The Cleveland Museum of Art, Purchase from the J. H. Wade Fund, inv. 1967.127 53
1.10 Martin Schongauer, The Censer, ca. 1480–85, engraving, 271 × 207 mm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Harris Brisbane Dick Fund, 1926, inv. 26.41 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 54
1.11 Medallist T.R., Commemorative Medal of Printmaker Diana Scultori, ca. 1570, cast bronze medal, 40 mm diameter, London, British Museum, inv. G3,IP.688 55
1.12 Enea Vico, Portrait of Charles V, 1550, engraving, 516 × 367 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. RP-P-1904-1363 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 57
1.13 Nicolas Beatrizet, Marcus Aurelius, 1548, engraving, 342 × 244 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. RP-P-1955-316 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 58
1.14 Workshop of Philips Galle (after Giovanni Stradano), “Sculptura in Aes” from Nova Reperta, published by Philips Galle ca. 1600, engraving, 202 × 271 mm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Harris Brisbane Dick Fund, 1953, inv. 53.600.1823 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 59
1.15 Cornelis Cort (after Giovanni Stradano), The Practice of the Visual Arts, 1578, engraving, 428 × 286 mm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Harris Brisbane Dick Fund, 1926, inv. 53.600.509 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 61
1.16 Claudij Ptolemaei … libri quatuor compositi Syro fratri … Nuremberg: apud Ioannem Petreium, 1535, The New York Public Library, Rare Book Collection, inv. *KB 1535 62
1.17 Nicolas Béatrizet (attributed to), The River Nile, mid sixteenth century, engraving, 332 × 557 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. RP-P-1926-326 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 64
1.18 Erasmus, Parabolas sive similia, Mainz: Schoeffer, 1521, Frontispiece, Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, A.gr.c. 174 f 65
1.19 Fragment of a bronze military diploma, AD 113/114, Roman, bronze, 7.8 x 7 × 0.2 cm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Rogers Fund, 1921, inv. 23.160.52 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 66
1.20 Bronze votive tablet in the form of a tabula ansata, 2nd Century AD, Roman, bronze, 4.4 × 12.9 cm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Rogers Fund, 1921, inv. 21.88.172 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 67
2.1 Marcantonio Raimondi, Quos Ego, ca. 1515-16, engraving, 420 × 327 mm, Hamburg, Hamburger Kunsthalle, inv. 294 © Hamburger Kunsthalle 71
2.2 Marble relief fragment with scenes from the Trojan War, 1st half of 1st century AD, marble, Palombino, 18.1 × 17.6 cm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, inv. 24.97.11 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 74
2.3 Arch of Constantine, Great Trajanic Frieze, sector in the inner central passage, east side, Victory Crowning Trajan and Battle Scene, Rome © Census ID 152217 78
2.4 Marcantonio Raimondi, Trajan between the City of Rome and Victory, from the Arch of Constantine, 1510–27, engraving, 289 × 436 mm, London, British Museum, Department of Prints and Drawings, inv. H,3.8 © The Trustees of the British Museum 79
2.5 Vergilius Maro, Publius, Aeneis (fragmenta), Dido receiving the Trojans, Vat.lat.3225, folio XVI recto, Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana © Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Vatican City 79
2.6 Vergilius Maro, Publius, Aeneis (fragmenta), Aenaes and the Penates, Vat.lat.3225, folio XXVIII recto, Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana © Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Vatican City 80
2.7 Marcantonio Raimondi, The Plague in Phrygia (Morbetto), engraving, 194 × 250 mm, London, British Museum, Department of Prints and Drawings, inv. H,3.47 © The Trustees of the British Museum 81
2.8 Raphael (attributed to), Aeneas escorted by Dido to the Banquet (recto), pen and brown ink, the flanking figures blackened with pouncing, pricked for transfer, 78 × 74 mm, Chatsworth, Devonshire Collection, inv. 727 c © Chatsworth, Devonshire Collection 83
2.9 Raphael (attributed to), Aeneas escorted by Dido to the Banquet (verso), pricked outlines on the left and right figures, the central figure drawn freehand in red chalk, 78 × 74 mm, Chatsworth, Devonshire Collection, inv. 727 a © Chatsworth, Devonshire Collection 84
2.10 Raphael (attributed to), Dido receiving the Trojans in Audience, pen and brown ink on white paper, the outline of the left foreground figure pricked and pounced, 77 × 75 mm, Chatsworth, Devonshire Collection, inv. 727 b © Chatsworth, Devonshire Collection 85
2.11 Marcantonio Raimondi, Juno orders Aeolus, God of the Wind, to destroy the Trojan Fleet, pen in brown ink, 90 × 125 mm, Vienna, Albertina Museum, inv. 13263 © Albertina Museum, Vienna 87
2.12 Neptune Calming the Tempest, woodcut, ill. of Aeneid by Publius Vergilius Maro, liber 1, edited by Sebastian Brant, Strasbourg 1502, fol. 124 V, Heidelberg University Library, VD16 V 1332, CC-BY-SA 3.0 © Heidelberg University Library 88
2.13 Peter Paul Rubens, The Voyage of the Cardinal Infante Ferdinand of Spain from Barcelona to Genoa in April 1633, with Neptune Calming the Tempest, 1635, oil on panel, 48.9 × 64.1 cm, Cambridge, Harvard Art Museums/Fogg Museum, Alpheus Hyatt Purchasing Fund, inv. 1942.174 © President and Fellows of Harvard College 90
2.14 Peter Paul Rubens, “Quos ego” – Neptune, Calming the Tempest, ca. 1635, oil on canvas, 326 × 384 cm, Dresden, Staatliche Kunstsammlungen, Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister, inv. Gal.-Nr. 964 B © bpk / Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden / Elke Estel / Hans-Peter Klut 91
2.15 Nicolas Poussin, The Birth of Venus, 1635 or 1636, oil on canvas, 97.2 × 108 cm, Philadelphia, Philadelphia Museum of Art, The George W. Elkins Collection, 1932, inv. E1932-1-1 © Philadelphia Museum of Arts, Philadelphia 92
3.1 Marcantonio Raimondi, Study of the Jupiter Ciampolini, pen and brown ink, 214 × 124 mm, Bayonne, musée Bonnat-Helleu, inv. 704.2 [or NI 1546], verso © Bayonne, musée Bonnat-Helleu / photographer: A. Vaquero 98
3.2 Marcantonio Raimondi, Study of the Apollo Belvedere, pen and brown ink, 214 × 124 mm, Bayonne, musée Bonnat-Helleu, inv. 704.2 [or NI 1546], recto © Bayonne, musée Bonnat-Helleu / photographer: A. Vaquero 99
3.3 Marcantonio Raimondi, Samson, pen and brown ink, 235 × 106 mm, Bayonne, musée Bonnat-Helleu, inv. 705 [or NI 1547]) © Bayonne, musée Bonnat-Helleu / photographer: A. Vaquero 100
3.4 Sarcophagus with the Battle of the Amazons, detail, Roman, first half of 3rd century AD, Vatican City, Vatican, Belvedere © Governatorato S.C.V.- Direzione dei Musei 101
3.5 Marcantonio Raimondi (attributed), Study of the Laocoön Group, ca. 1509/1510, pen, wash, ink on paper, 473 × 325 mm, Budapest, Museum of Fine Arts, inv. K.58.983 © Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest 102
3.6 Marcantonio Raimondi, Study of an Antique Statue, pen and brown ink, 216 × 108 mm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, inv. 2003.110 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 104
3.7 Marcantonio Raimondi, Study of an Antique Statue, pen and brown ink, 261 × 151 mm, Florence, Gallerie degli Uffizi, Gabinetto dei Disegni e delle Stampe degli Uffizi, inv. 1157E © Su concessione del Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali e per il Turismo, Gallerie degli Uffizi, Florence 105
3.8 Marcantonio Raimondi, The Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius, engraving, 211 × 144 mm, Vienna, Albertina Museum, inv. DG1971/459 © Albertina Museum, Vienna 108
3.9 Marcantonio Raimondi, Crouching Venus, ca. 1510, engraving, 217 × 142 mm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Elisha Whittelsey Collection, The Elisha Whittelsey Fund, 1949, inv. 49.97.110 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 109
3.10 Marcantonio Raimondi, Mars, Venus, and Cupid, 1508, engraving, 286 × 207 mm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Rogers Fund, 1918, inv. 18.84.2 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 112
3.11 Marcantonio Raimondi, Apollo and his Lover, 1506, engraving, 299 × 225 mm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Gift of Felix M. Warburg and his family, 1941, inv. 33.56.35 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 113
3.12 Anonymous, The Apollo Belvedere, ca. 1500, brush in grey-brown wash, heightened with white, on grey prepared paper, 261 × 172 mm, London, British Museum, Department of Prints and Drawings, inv. 1946,0713.1262 © The Trustees of the British Museum 115
3.13 Jacopo Caraglio (after Rosso Fiorentino), Battle between the Romans and the Sabines, traditionally called the Rape of the Sabines, 1527, incomplete engraving, 356 × 502 mm, London, British Museum, Department of Prints and Drawings, inv. 1919,0714.2 © The Trustees of the British Museum 116
3.14 Marcantonio Raimondi, Woman and Man Washing, engraving drypoint and etching (?), 110 × 80 mm, London, British Museum, Department of Prints and Drawings, inv. 1850,0525.16 © The Trustees of the British Museum 119
3.15 Anonymous Coburgensis, Bacchic Scene, 1550–55, brown ink, brush with grey wash, 128 × 425 mm, Coburg, Kunstsammlungen der Veste Coburg, inv. HZ 2, Nr. 085 © Kunstsammlungen der Veste Coburg 119
4.1 Federico Zuccaro, Taddeo drawing after the Antique; In the Background copying a Façade by Polidoro, ca. 1595, pen and brown ink, brush with brown wash over black chalk and touches of red chalk, 423 × 175 mm, Los Angeles, The J. Paul Getty Museum, inv. 99.GA.6.12 © Digital image courtesy of the Getty’s Open Content Program 125
4.2 Cherubino Alberti (after Michelangelo), The Florentine Pietà set in a Landscape, ca. 1575, engraving, 467 × 310 mm, London, British Museum, Department of Prints and Drawings, inv. 1874,0613.600 © The Trustees of the British Museum 131
4.3 Cherubino Alberti, Flute Playing Apollo, 1577, engraving, 222 × 136 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. BI-1891-3063-73-1 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 132
4.4 Cherubino Alberti, Marysas with his Hands tied to a Tree, his Fingers cut off to resemble Pan Pipes, 1578, engraving, 220 × 123 mm, London, British Museum, Department of Prints and Drawings, inv. 1873,0712.33 © The Trustees of the British Museum 134
4.5 Cherubino Alberti (after Michelangelo and Raffaele da Montelupo), Virgin and Child, from the Tomb of Pope Julius II in the Church of San Pietro in Vincoli, ca. 1570, engraving, 286 × 208 mm, Rome, Istituto Centrale per la Grafica, inv. FC30004 © Su concessione del Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali e per il Turismo, Istituto Centrale per la Grafica, Rome 135
4.6 Cherubino Alberti (after Andrea del Sarto), Allegory of Faith, 1580, engraving, 225 × 148 mm, Vienna, Albertina Museum, inv. Dg2017/3/9409 © The Albertina Museum, Vienna 139
4.7 Andrea del Sarto, Allegory of Faith, from the Cycle of The Life of St. John the Baptist in the Chiostro dello Scalzo, 1523, fresco, Florence, Italy © Scala / Art Resource, NY 140
4.8 Cherubino Alberti (after Polidoro da Caravaggio), Two Cupids carrying a Festoon, 1576, engraving, 146 × 228 mm, London, British Museum, Department of Prints and Drawings, inv. 1874,0808.558 © The Trustees of the British Museum 141
4.9 Nicolas Beatrizet, Battle of the Amazons, 1559, engraving, 310 × 420 mm and 310 × 420 mm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Bequest of the Rogers Fund, transferred from the Library, 1941, inv. 41.72(2.115) and 41.72(2.116) © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 143
4.10 Cherubino Alberti (after Polidoro da Caravaggio), Apollo pursuing Daphne, set within a Roundel, from a series of ten prints after Polidoro da Caravaggio of mythological scenes, 1590, engraving, 221 × 140 mm, London, British Museum, Department of Prints and Drawings, inv. 1874,0808.518 © The Trustees of the British Museum 144
4.11 Cherubino Alberti (after Polidoro da Caravaggio), The Rape of the Sabine Women, ante 1591, engraving, 139 × 215 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. RP-P-1935-163 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 145
4.12 Cherubino Alberti (after Polidoro da Caravaggio), Perseus turning Atlas into a Mountain with the Head of Medusa and The Taking of the Golden Apples, 1628, engraving, 170 × 610 mm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Gift of Harry Shaw Newman, 1941, inv. 41.97.442a © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 146
4.13 Cherubino Alberti (after Polidoro da Caravaggio), Antique Vase, title page of the Ten Antique Vases series, 1582, engraving, 247 × 180 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. RP-P-1964-2383 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 147
4.14 Cherubino Alberti (after Polidoro da Caravaggio), The Creation of Adam who reclines at left, touching the Hand of God, ca. 1590, engraving, 165 × 268 mm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Joseph Pulitzer Bequest, 1917, inv. 17.50.16-175 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 149
4.15 Cherubino Alberti (after Polidoro da Caravaggio), The Triumph of Aemilius Paullus, 1628, engraving, 174 × 406 mm and 169 × 410 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. RP-P-OB-34.040 and RP-P-OB-34.041 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 152
4.16 Polidoro da Caravaggio, Fragments of The Triumph of Aemilius Paullus, ante 1527, fresco, Palazzo Barberini, Rome © Sailko,
4.17 Cherubino Alberti (after Polidoro da Caravaggio), Neptune (erroneously identified as Pluto), ca. 1590, engraving, 201 × 110 mm, Vienna, Albertina Museum, inv. DG2017/3/9461 © Albertina Museum, Vienna 156
4.18 Hendrick Goltzius (after Polidoro da Caravaggio), Neptune, from the series of the Eight Deities, 1592, engraving, 354 × 215 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. RP-P-H-OB-101.425 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 157
4.19 Cherubino Alberti (after Polidoro da Caravaggio), Pluto holding a Torch, 1590, engraving, 241 × 148 mm, Rome, Istituto Centrale per la Grafica, inv. FC 30065 © Su concessione del Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali e per il Turismo, Istituto Centrale per la Grafica, Rome 158
4.20 Gian Lorenzo Bernini, Neptune and Triton, ca. 1622–23, marble, h. 182.2 cm, London, Victoria and Albert Museum, inv. A.18:1-1950 © Victoria and Albert Museum, London 160
4.21 Cherubino Alberti (after Polidoro da Caravaggio), Neptune rising from the Waters, from a series of ten prints of mythological scenes after Polidoro da Caravaggio, 1590, engraving, 157 × 141 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. RP-P-1935-204 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 161
5.1 Gian Giacomo Caraglio, Jupiter and Antiope, ca. 1527, engraving, 214 × 138 mm, Rome, Istituto Centrale per la Grafica, inv. FC 5928 © Su concessione del Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali e per il Turismo, Istituto Centrale per la Grafica, Rome 169
5.2a Francesco Mazzola called Parmigianino, Madonna and Child with Saint John the Baptist and Saint Jerome, ca. 1526–27, oil on panel, 342.9 × 148.6 cm, London, The National Gallery, inv. NG 33 © The National Gallery, London 171
5.2b Francesco Mazzola called Parmigianino, Madonna and Child with Saint John the Baptist and Saint Jerome, detail, ca. 1526–27, oil on panel, 342.9 × 148.6 cm, London, The National Gallery, inv. NG 33 © The National Gallery, London 172
5.2c Gian Giacomo Caraglio, Jupiter and Antiope, detail, ca. 1527, engraving, 214 × 138 mm, Rome, Istituto Centrale per la Grafica, inv. FC 5928 © Su concessione del Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali e per il Turismo, Istituto Centrale per la Grafica, Rome 172
5.3 Antonio Allegri called Correggio, Venus, Cupid and a Satyr, ca. 1528, oil on canvas, 188.5 × 125.5 cm, Paris, musée du Louvre, département des Peintures, inv. 42 173
5.4 Francesco Mazzola called Parmigianino, Figure study for the ‘Madonna and Child with Saint John the Baptist and Saint Jerome’, ca. 1526–1527, pen and brown ink with brown wash, heightened with white, 216 × 243 mm, Los Angeles, The J. Paul Getty Museum, inv. 84. GA. 9 © The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles 175
5.5a Hellenistic sculpture from the second half of the third century BC (with subsequent restoration), Barberini Faun, marble, h. 215 cm, Munich, Glyptothek, inv. 218 © Glyptothek, Munich 176
5.5b Gian Giacomo Caraglio, Jupiter and Antiope, detail, ca. 1527, engraving, 214 × 138 mm, Rome, Istituto Centrale per la Grafica, inv. FC 5928 © Su concessione del Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali e per il Turismo, Istituto Centrale per la Grafica, Rome 177
5.6 Girolamo Macchietti, Medea rejuvenates Exon, ca. 1570–72, oil on panel, 152 × 83 cm, Florence, Palazzo Vecchio, Studiolo of Francesco I, inv. 1890, 3772 © Su concessione del Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali e per il Turismo, Gallerie degli Uffizi, Florence (in storage at the Museo di Palazzo Vecchio, Comune di Firenze) 179
5.7 ‘The Barberini Faun’, by Aedes Barberinae ad Quirinalem à comite Hieronymo Tetio Perusino descriptae, Rome 1642, pl. L © Bibliotheca Hertziana, Max-Planck-Institut für Kunstgeschichte 183
5.8 Robert van Audenaerd, ‘Bacchus’, in Paolo Alessandro Maffei, Raccolta di statue antiche e moderne, Rome, Stamperia alla Pace 1704, pl. XCIV © Bibliotheca Hertziana, Max-Planck-Institut für Kunstgeschichte 185
5.9 Agesander, Athenodoros and Polydorus (I century BC), Laocoon, marble, h. 242 cm, Vatican City, Musei Vaticani, Museo Pio Clementino, Octagonal Courtyard, inv. 1059 © Governatorato S.C.V.- Direzione dei Musei 187
5.10 Francesco Mazzola called Parmigianino, Two Studies of the same Head of a young Man in Profile (after Laocoon), ca. 1524–27, brush and brown ink with brown wash, white lead, charcoal, pricked outlines on the left figure, light blue paper, 119 × 143 mm, Florence, Gallerie degli Uffizi, Gabinetto dei Disegni e delle Stampe, inv. 743 E recto © Su concessione del Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali e per il Turismo, Gallerie degli Uffizi, Florence 188
5.11 Francesco Mazzola called Parmigianino, so-called Venus and Mars surprised by Vulcan, ca. 1531–34, pen and brown ink, brush with brown wash, 200 × 192 mm, Parma, Galleria Nazionale, inv. 510/18 © Su concessione del Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali e per il Turismo, Galleria Nazionale, Parma 189
5.12a Agesander, Athenodoros and Polydorus (I century BC), Laocoon, detail, marble, h. 242 cm, Vatican City, Musei Vaticani, Museo Pio Clementino, Octagonal Courtyard, inv. 1059 © Governatorato S.C.V.- Direzione dei Musei 191
5.12b Francesco Mazzola called Parmigianino, Madonna and Child with Saint John the Baptist and Saint Jerome, detail, ca. 1526–27, oil on panel, 342.9 × 148.6 cm, London, The National Gallery, inv. NG 33 © The National Gallery, London 192
5.12c Gian Giacomo Caraglio, Jupiter and Antiope, detail, ca. 1527, engraving, 214 × 138 mm, Rome, Istituto Centrale per la Grafica, inv. FC 5928 © Su concessione del Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali e per il Turismo, Istituto Centrale per la Grafica, Rome 192
5.12d Hellenistic sculpture from the second half of the third century before Christ (with subsequent restoration), Barberini Faun, marble, h. 215 cm, Munich, Glyptothek, inv. 218 © Glyptothek, Munich 193
6.1 Agostino Veneziano (after Baccio Bandinelli), Hercules and Cacus, after 1523, engraving, 123 × 86 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. RP-P-OB-36.672 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 202
6.2 Baccio Bandinelli, Hercules and Cacus, ca. 1525, bozzetto, colored wax with wooden socle, h. 73 cm, Berlin, Bode Museum, inv. 2612 © Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz – Max-Planck-Institut 204
6.3 Agostino Veneziano (after Baccio Bandinelli), Cleopatra, dated 1515, engraving, 222 × 134 mm, signed with the monogram “A.V.” on the amphora, inscribed “bacio fi/orenti/no. i/vento/r” on the socle, 2nd state, London, British Museum, Department of Prints and Drawings, inv. 1863,1114.749 © The Trustees of the British Museum 206
6.4 Giulio Bonasone (after Michelangelo), Vatican Pietà, 1547, engraving, 269 × 171 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. RP-P-OB-36.606 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 209
6.5 Cornelis Cort (after Michelangelo), Tomb of Giuliano de’ Medici, 1570, engraving, 425 × 278 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. RP-P-BI-6403B © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 211
6.6 Jean de Boulogne called Giambologna, Neptune Fountain, 1566, marble, bronze, Bologna, Piazza Maggiore 212
6.7 Domenico Tibaldi, Neptune Fountain, 1570, engraving, 384 × 508 mm, London, British Museum, Department of Prints and Drawings, inv. 1873,0809.922 © The Trustees of the British Museum 213
6.8a Jean de Boulogne called Giambologna, Rape of a Sabine, 1583, marble, h. 410 cm, Florence, Loggia dei Lanzi, Piazza della Signoria © Photo: Charles Avery 215
6.8b Jean de Boulogne called Giambologna, Rape of a Sabine, 1583, marble, h. 410 cm, Florence, Loggia dei Lanzi, Piazza della Signoria © Photo: David Finn 216
6.9 Andrea Andreani (after Giambologna), Rape of a Sabine, ca. 1583, chiaroscuro woodcut from two blocks in green and dark gray, 448 × 204 mm, Cambridge, MA, Harvard Art Museums/Fogg Museum, Gray Collection of Engravings Fund, inv. G7510 © President and Fellows of Harvard College 218
6.10 Andrea Andreani (after Giambologna), Rape of a Sabine, ca. 1584, chiaroscuro woodcut printed in black and three shades of gray, 450 × 202 cm, Cambridge, MA, Harvard Art Museums/Fogg Museum, Bequest of Horace M. Swope, Class of 1905, inv. M9760 © President and Fellows of Harvard College 220
6.11 Andrea Andreani (after Giambologna), Rape of a Sabine Woman, ca. 1584, chiaroscuro woodcut, 447 × 209 cm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Rogers Fund, 1922, inv. 22.73.3-70 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 221
6.12 Woodcut illustrations of Giambologna’s Rape of a Sabine Woman. From Alcune composizioni di diversi autori in lode del ritratto della Sabina, ed. M. Sermartelli (Florence, 1583), Typ 525.83.781, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University, Houghton Library © Houghton Library, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 222
6.13 Adriaen de Vries, Hercules Slaying Hydra (Hercules Fountain), 1596–1602, bronze, Augsburg, Maximilianmuseum © Hochbauamt Augsburg (Achim Bunz) 227
6.14 Jan Muller, Hercules Fountain of Augsburg, 1602, engraving from two plates, 575 × 520 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. OB-32234a,b © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 228
6.15 Jan Muller (after Adriaen de Vries), Hercules Slaying the Hydra (from the Hercules Fountain), ca. 1602, engraving, 505 × 365 mm, Washington, D.C., National Gallery of Art, inv. 1971.36.3 © National Gallery of Art, Washington 230
6.16 Adriaen de Vries, Mercury and Psyche, 1593, bronze, h. 215 cm, Paris, musée du Louvre, département des Sculptures, inv. M.R. 3270 © Musée du Louvre, Paris (Thierry Ollivier) 231
6.17 Jan Muller (after Adriaen de Vries), Mercury and Psyche, ca. 1597, engraving, 505 × 258 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. RP-P-OB-32.228 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 232
6.18 Jan Muller (after Adriaen de Vries), Mercury and Psyche, ca. 1597, engraving, 512 × 261 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. RP-P-OB-32.230 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 233
6.19 Jan Muller (after Adriaen de Vries), Mercury and Psyche, ca. 1597, engraving, 503 × 256 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. RP-P-OB-32.232 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 234
7.1 Agostino Veneziano (after Baccio Bandinelli), Hercules and Cacus, here dated to ca. 1515–16, engraving, 114 × 84 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. RP-P-OB-36.672 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 243
7.2 Baccio Bandinelli, Hercules and Cacus, ca. 1525, wax, 73 cm, Berlin, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Skulpturensammlung, inv. 2612 © Photo: Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz – Max-Planck-Institut 244
7.3 Baccio Bandinelli, Hercules and Cacus, ca. 1523–34, marble, h. ca. 505 cm, Florence, Piazza della Signoria 246
7.4 Agostino Veneziano (after Baccio Bandinelli), Cleopatra, 1515, engraving, 222 × 134 mm, London, British Museum, Department of Prints and Drawings, inv. 1863,1114.749 © The Trustees of the British Museum 248
7.5 Agostino Veneziano (after Albrecht Dürer), Peasant Couple Dancing, 1515, engraving, 115 × 80 mm, London, British Museum, Department of Prints and Drawings, inv. 1873,0809.781 © The Trustees of the British Museum 250
7.6 Agostino Veneziano, Bust of the Roman Emperor Vitellius, engraving, 207 × 152 mm, Vienna, Albertina Museum, inv. It/I/23/83 DG2017/3/7377 © Albertina Museum, Vienna 251
7.7 Agostino Veneziano (after Raphael), Dancing Fauns and Bacchants, detail, 1516, engraving, 176 × 255 mm (total), Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. RP-P-OB-36.631 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 252
7.8 Baccio Bandinelli, Leda with the Swan, here dated to ca. 1515, pen and brown ink, 282 × 192 mm, Florence, Gallerie degli Uffizi, Gabinetto dei Disegni e delle Stampe, inv. 509F © Su concessione del Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali e per il Turismo – Gallerie degli Uffizi, Florence 255
7.9 Agostino Veneziano (after Baccio Bandinelli), Young Hercules, here dated to ca. 1515–16, engraving, 114 × 79 mm, Vienna, Albertina Museum, inv. It/I/23/69, DG2017/3/7343 © Albertina Museum, Vienna 258
7.10 Andrea Pisano, Hercules and Cacus, ca. 1337–43, marble, 83 × 69 cm, Florence, Museo dell’Opera del Duomo 260
7.11 Baccio Bandinelli, Self-Portrait, after 1529, oil on panel, 142.5 × 113.5 cm, Boston, Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum, inv. P26e22 263
8.1 Michelangelo, Risen Christ, 1519–21, marble, Rome, Santa Maria sopra Minerva © Alinari / Art Resource NY 274
8.2 Michelangelo, Risen Christ, first version, 1514–16, with later modifications, Bassano Romano, Church of San Vincenzo Martire, Monastero dei Silvestrini, Viterbo © Photo: Roberto Sigismondi, courtesy of Bibliotheca Hertziana, Rome 276
8.3 Michelangelo’s Risen Christ, from Pietro Martire Felini, Trattato nuovo delle cose maravigliose dell’alma città di Roma, woodcut, Rome, 1610 279
8.4 Nicolas Beatrizet (after Michelangelo, reversed), Risen Christ, after 1558, engraving, 441 × 214 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. no. RP-P-2003.10 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 281
8.5 Michelangelo, Risen Christ, 1519–21. Photo taken from viewer’s position 284
8.6 Jacob Matham (after Michelangelo, reversed), Risen Christ, ca. 1600, engraving, 365 × 242 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. no. RP-P-OB-27.076 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 286
8.7 Hendrick Goltzius, Farnese Hercules, ca. 1592, dated 1617, engraving, 421 × 304 mm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Gift of Henry Walters, 1917, inv. 17.37.59 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 289
8.8 Jacob Matham, Portrait of Michelangelo, 1630, engraving, 257 × 198 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. RP-P-OB-27.030 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 291
9.1 Antonio Tempesta, Henry II on Horseback, ca. 1600, etching, 509 × 335 mm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Elisha Whittelsey Collection, The Elisha Whittelsey Fund, 1951, inv. 51.639.22 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 295
9.2 Michelangelo, Sketch for the Monument of Henry II, 1559, black chalk, white heightening, 250 × 124 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. RP-T-1953-140 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 298
9.3 Vincenzo Borghini (attr.), Sketches after the Model for the Monument of Henry II, detail, ca. 1564 (?), pen, 181 × 253 mm, Munich, Staatliche Graphische Sammlung, inv. 35343b, no. 141 recto © Staatliche Graphische Sammlung, Munich 299
9.4 Anonymous (ed. N. van Aelst), Signum Lupae, ca. 1585–90, engraving and etching, Wolfenbüttel, Herzog August Bibliothek © Photo: Leuschner, Antonio Tempesta, 157, fig. 5.30 303
9.5 Antonio Tempesta, Alexander and Bucephalus, 1589, etching, 362 × 468 mm © Photo: The Illustrated Bartsch, Antonio Tempesta, Italian Masters of the Sixteenth Century, vol. 35, 285 304
9.6 Nicolas Béatrizet, Equestrian Statue of Marc Aurel, 1548, engraving, 361 × 242 mm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Harris Brisbane Dick Fund, 1953, inv. 53.600.855 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 305
9.7 Antonio Tempesta, Equestrian Statue of Marc Aurel, ca. 1591, etching, 466 × 337 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. RP-P-H-H-350 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 306
9.8 Edmé Bouchardon, Equestrian Statue of Louis XIII, black crayon, 600 × 460 mm, Paris, musée du Louvre, département des Arts graphiques, inv. 24349, recto © Musée du Louvre, dist. RMN-Grand Palais – Photo L. Chastel 308
9.9 Antonio Tempesta, Sergius Galba, ca. 1596, etching, 292 × 227 mm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Elisha Whittelsey Collection, The Elisha Whittelsey Fund, 1951, inv. 51.501.3480 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 310
9.10 Nicolas Béatrizet, Second Portrait of Henry II, 1558, engraving, 480 × 322 mm, Melbourne, National Gallery of Victoria, Everard Studley Miller Bequest, 1959, inv. 417–5 © National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne 312
9.11 Antonio Tempesta, Equestrian Statue of Cosimo I, 1608, etching, 573 × 348 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. RP-P-OB-37.733 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 315
10.1 Antonio Fantuzzi (after Francesco Primaticcio), Woman Turned to the Right, 1540–45, etching, 259 × 103 mm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Elisha Whittelsey Collection, The Elisha Whittelsey Fund, 1959, inv. 59.596.19 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 322
10.2 Dirck Volckertsz. Coornhert (after Maarten van Heemskerck), Man placing Hope on Money, from the series The Vain Hope for Worldly Gain, 1550, etching and engraving, 275 × 198 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. RP-P-1984–8 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 324
10.3 Dirck Volckertsz. Coornhert (after Maarten van Heemskerck), The Elders trying to seduce Susanna, from the series The Story of Susanna, 1551, engraving and etching, 247 × 195 mm, Vienna, Albertina Museum, inv. DG44705 © Albertina Museum, Vienna 326
10.4 Dirck Volckertsz. Coornhert (after Maarten van Heemskerck), The Story of Ruth and Boaz, 1550, etching, 298 × 862 mm, London, British Museum, Department of Prints and Drawings, inv. 1949,0709.43 © The Trustees of the British Museum 327
10.5 Dirck Volckertsz. Coornhert (after Maarten van Heemskerck), Naphtali, from the series The Twelve Patriarchs, 1550, etching, 215 × 273 mm, New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Elisha Whittelsey Collection, The Elisha Whittelsey Fund, inv. 194949.95.122 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 328
10.6 Hans Sebald Beham (after Barthel Beham), Adam and Eve, 1543, engraving, 80 × 54 mm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Bequest of Grace M. Pugh, inv. 19851986.1180.15 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 330
10.7 Anonymous engraver (after Lambert Lombard (?)), Female Antique Statues, mid-16th century, engraving, 194 × 150 mm, Brussels, Royal Library of Belgium, inv. SV 88686 © Brussels, Royal Library of Belgium, Print Room 332
10.8 Maarten van Heemskerck, Study after Antique Sculpture, Van Heemskerck’s Roman Sketchbook, fol. 60v, 1532–36, red chalk, 134 × 211 mm, Berlin, Kupferstichkabinett, inv. 79 D2 xviii © bpk / Kupferstichkabinett, SMB / Volker-H. Schneider 333
11.1 Lucas Kilian, Samson with two Philistines (after Michelangelo), ca. 1600, engraving, 202 × 110 mm, Vienna, Albertina Museum, inv. DG2013/197 © Albertina Museum, Vienna 339
11.2 Unknown artist, Samson and two Philistines, ca. 1600, bronze, h. 36.5 cm, Berlin, Bode-Museum © Berlin, Bode Museum 342
11.3 Lucas Kilian, Pietà, 1602, engraving, 209 × 156 mm, Vienna, Albertina Museum, inv. D/I/35/21 © Albertina Museum, Vienna 343
11.4 School of Jacopo Tintoretto, Samson Slaying two Philistines (after a cast by Michelangelo), 16th century, black chalk, white heightening, 339 × 229 mm, Northampton, Smith College, inv. SC 1946.9 verso © Smith College, Northamptonn 345
11.5 Lucas Kilian, Samson with two Philistines (after Michelangelo), ca. 1600, engraving, 202 × 110 mm, Vienna, Albertina Museum, inv. DG2013/196 © Albertina Museum, Vienna 347
11.6 Unknown artist, Samson and two Philistines, bronze, h. 33 cm, Stockholm, National Museum, inv. NMSk 342 © Photo: Larsson 1992, p. 49 348
11.7 Lucas Kilian, Samson with two Philistines (after Michelangelo), ca. 1600, engraving, 202 × 110 mm, Vienna, Albertina Museum, inv. DG2013/198 © Albertina Museum, Vienna 349
11.8 Unknown artist, Samson and two Philistines, bronze, Stockholm, National Museum © Photo: Larsson 1992, p. 49 350
11.9 Lucas Kilian, Archangel Michael by Hubert Gerhard after a drawing by Peter Candid, 1588 or later, engraving, 491 × 328 mm, Vienna, Albertina Museum, inv. D/I/35/41 © Albertina Museum, Vienna 352
11.10 Marcantonio Raimondi, Apollo (after Raphael’s School of Athens), ca. 1512–15, engraving, 220 × 108 mm, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Elisha Whittelsey Collection, The Elisha Whittelsey Fund, 1949, inv. 49.97.116 © The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 354
11.11 Hendrick Goltzius, Apollo Belvedere, 1592, printed 1617, engraving, plate: 400 × 292 mm, sheet: 402 × 305 mm, Princeton, Princeton University Art Museum, Bequest of Junius S. Morgan, Class of 1888, inv. x1934–675 © Princeton University Art Museum 355
11.12 Andrea Andreani, Rape of a Sabine woman (after Giambologna), ca. 1583, woodcut, 448 × 204 mm, Cambridge, MA, Harvard Art Museums/Fogg Museum, Gray Collection of Engravings Fund, inv. G7510 © President and Fellows of Harvard College 357
11.13 Jan Muller, Mercury and Psyche (after Adrian de Vries), 1593, engraving, 512 × 261 mm, Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, inv. RP-P-OB-32.228 © Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 358