Abbreviations
aa | Association Agreement |
afd | Alternative für Deutschland |
afsj | Area of Freedom, Security and Justice |
aiib | Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank |
ap | Action Plan |
apec | Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation |
APT28 | Advanced Persistent Threat 28 |
bar | Barents Regional Council |
bcm | billion cubic metres |
beac | Barents Euro-Arctic Council |
bri | Belt and Road Initiative |
brics | Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa |
cbc | cross-border cooperation |
cda | critical discourse analysis |
cdu | Christlich Demokratische Union |
cepa | Comprehensive and Enhanced Partnership Agreement |
cert-eu | Computer Emergency Response Team for the EU |
cfsp | Common Foreign and Security Policy |
cges | Centre for German and European Studies |
cis | Commonwealth of Independent States |
cjeu | Court of Justice of the European Union |
cnpc | China National Petroleum Corporation |
CoE | Council of Europe |
cPPP | contractual public-private partnership |
cpsu | Communist Party of the Soviet Union |
csce | Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe |
csdp | Common Security and Defence Policy |
csf | Civil Society Forum |
csfsj | Common Space of Freedom, Security and Justice |
csirts | Computer Security Incident Response Teams |
cso | civil society organisation |
csr | Common Strategy on Russia |
dcfta | Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area |
DDoS | distributed denial-of–service |
dg near | Directorate-General for Neighbourhood and Enlargement Negotiations |
dgap | Deutsche Gesellschaft fuer Auswaertige Politik |
dpr | Donetsk People’s Republic |
Dispute Settlement Body |
|
eacea | Education, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency |
eaeu | Eurasian Economic Union |
EaP | Eastern Partnership |
ebrd | European Bank for Reconstruction and Development |
ec | European Commission |
ecfr | European Council on Foreign Relations |
echr | European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms |
ecj | European Court of Justice |
ECtHR | European Court of Human Rights |
ects | European Credit Transfer System |
eda | European Defence Agency |
eea | European Economic Area |
eeas | European External Action Service |
ehea | European Higher Education Area |
eib | European Investment Bank |
eidhr | European Instrument for Democracy and Human Rights |
eiti | Extractive Industries Resource Initiative |
emcdda | European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction |
eni | European Neighbourhood Instrument |
enisa | European Union Agency for Network and Information Security |
enp | European Neighbourhood Policy |
enpi | European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument |
epca | Enhanced Partnership and Cooperation Agreement |
erdf | European Regional Development Fund |
EU | European Union |
eucam | Europe-Central Asia Monitoring |
eumm | EU Monitoring Mission |
eunic | European Union National Institutes for Culture |
EurAsEC | Eurasian Economic Community |
eusr | EU Special Representative |
fdcs | Federal Drug Control Service |
fiia | Finnish Institute for International Affairs |
fom | Foundation Public Opinion |
fpi | Foreign Policy Instrument |
Frontex | European Border and Coast Guard Agency |
ftf | foreign terrorist fighters |
gats | General Agreement on Trade in Services |
gatt | General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade |
gc | General Court |
Global Counter-Terrorism Forum |
|
ghg | greenhouse gas |
gru | Russian military intelligence unit |
gsp | Generalised Scheme of Preferences |
H2020 | Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Framework |
hei | higher education institution |
hr/vp | High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and Vice-President of the European Commission |
ibpp | Institution Building Partnership Programme |
icj | International Court of Justice |
icr | international cultural relations |
iea | International Energy Agency |
imf | International Monetary Fund |
ip | intellectual property |
iprm | Incident Prevention and Response Mechanism |
irena | International Renewable Energy Agency |
isis | Islamic State in Iraq and Syria |
it | information technology |
jcc | Joint Control Commission |
jcpoa | Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (jcpoa) |
jha | Justice and Home Affairs |
jit | Joint Investigation Team |
jls | Justice, Liberty, Security |
jpo | Joint Police Operation |
lbt | Local Border Traffic |
lgbt | lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender |
lng | liquefied natural gas |
lpr | Luhansk People’s Republic |
ltv | Limited Territorial Validity |
ma | managing authority |
mena | Middle East and North Africa |
mep | Member of European Parliament |
mfa | Ministry of Foreign Affairs |
nato | North Atlantic Treaty Organisation |
nd | Northern Dimension |
ndici | Neighbourhood, Development and International Cooperation Instrument |
ndtpl | Northern Dimension Partnership on Transport and Logistics |
ngo | non-governmental organisation |
nis | Network and Information Security |
nsr | Northern Sea Route |
Northwest Passage |
|
ocha | United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs |
odihr | Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights |
oecd | Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development |
olaf | European Anti-Fraud Office |
osce | Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe |
P4M | Partnership for Modernisation |
pame | Protection of the Arctic Marine Environment |
pca | Partnership and Cooperation Agreement |
pesco | Permanent Structured Cooperation |
pi | Partnership Instrument |
pnr | passenger name records |
ppc | Permanent Partnership Council |
R&D | research and development |
ra | Readmission Agreement |
rao ues | Unified Energy System of Russia |
re | renewable energy |
reps | renewable energy policies |
res | renewable energy sources |
rf | Russian Federation |
rwgtl | Regional Working Group on Transport and Logistics |
sao | Senior Arctic Officials |
sco | Shanghai Cooperation Organisation |
sinnea | Switzerland, Norway and the EU-Iceland and European Economic Area Joint Parliamentary Committees |
smes | small and medium enterprises |
smm | Special Monitoring Mission |
smrees | small- and medium-sized renewable energy enterprises |
spd | Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands |
sps | sanitary and phytosanitary standards |
tacis | Technical Assistance for Newly Independent States |
tbt | technical barriers to trade |
tempus | Trans-European Mobility Programme for University Studies |
ten-e | Trans-European Networks for Energy |
ten-t | European Transport Network |
teu | Treaty on European Union |
tfeu | Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union |
to | Thematic Objective |
trips | Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights |
uavs | unmanned aerial vehicles |
United Nations |
|
unclos | UN Convention on the Law of the Sea |
unhcr | United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees |
US | United States |
ussr | Union of Soviet Socialist Republics |
veb | Vnesheconombank |
vfa | Visa Facilitation Agreement |
vlap | Visa Liberalisation Action Plan |
VTsIOM | Russian Public Opinion Research Center |
wto | World Trade Organisation |