Claudio Aporta
is Professor and Canadian Chair, Marine Environmental Protection, at the World Maritime University, in Malmö, Sweden. He was also Professor (2012–2022, on leave) in the Marine Affairs Program, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada, and in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at Carleton University (2005–2012), Ottawa, Canada. He received his PhD in Cultural Anthropology from the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. His research has focused on documentation and mapping of Inuit and Indigenous environmental knowledge in Canada.
ORCID 0000-0002-7883-7885
Nigel Bankes
is Emeritus Professor of Law, University of Calgary, Canada.
ORCID 0000-0002-2115-7395
Kristin Bartenstein
is Professor at the Faculty of Law, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada. She holds law degrees from Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany, and Université Paris II Panthéon Assas, Paris, France and an LLD from Université Laval. Her research and teaching focus on the international law of the sea, international environmental law, general public international law and legal theory. She has written extensively on Arctic legal issues, including as a contributor to the UNCLOS Commentary. Currently, she is the lead investigator of the research project Navigating Canadian Arctic Waters: Uniformity and Unilateralism in Law-making in the Era of the International Polar Code, which is funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada and gave rise to this volume.
ORCID 0000-0003-0089-027X
Leah Beveridge
is a doctorate candidate in the Interdisciplinary PhD Program at Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada. She received her Master of Marine Management from Dalhousie in 2013, after which she began studying Arctic shipping broadly. Her research is now focused on the process of decolonizing marine safety and shipping in Canada.
ORCID 0000-0001-9935-8480
has practiced maritime law for over thirty years and is a Partner at Moseley, Prichard, Parrish, Knight & Jones (Florida). He is a Dozent (lecturer) in international and US civil procedure at the Universität zu Köln, Germany, and has been a Dozent in maritime law and intermodal transportation at the Universität Hamburg. He serves on the Polar Shipping International Working Group and its Antarctic Shipping Sub-Committee of the Comité Maritime International. He is a PhD candidate at the Schulich School of Law, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada, with a research focus on the application of non-prescriptive regulatory options to commercial shipping in the polar regions.
ORCID 0000-0001-5212-7677
Andrea Charron
is Director of the Centre for Defence and Security Studies, and Associate Professor, Political Studies, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada. She holds a PhD from the Royal Military College of Canada (Department of War Studies). Dr. Charron worked for various federal departments including the Canadian Privy Council Office in the Security and Intelligence Secretariat before beginning her academic career. She writes extensively on Arctic security, NATO, NORAD and Canadian defence policy. She is co-author of NORAD: In Perpetuity and Beyond (McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2022) and several other books on sanctions.
ORCID 0000-0002-1847-9342
Aldo Chircop
JSD, is Professor of Law and former Canada Research Chair in Maritime Law and Policy (Tier I). Based at the Marine and Environmental Law Institute, Schulich School of Law, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada, his fields of research and teaching are Canadian maritime law, international maritime law, and the law of the sea. He is currently working on the regulation of Arctic shipping, decarbonization, autonomous ships, and area-based management in shipping. He is the current chair of the CMI International Working Group on Polar Shipping. Professor Chircop has advised several governments, international organizations, law firms, non-governmental organizations, and community organizations. He has published extensively and is co-editor of the Ocean Yearbook (Brill). Professor Chircop is a member of the Nova Scotia Barristers Society and the Canadian Maritime Law Association.
ORCID 0000-0003-4238-034X
holds a PhD from the University of Calgary’s Centre for Military, Security and Strategic Studies. His dissertation asked how Danish, Norwegian, and Canadian naval forces developed in response to the adoption of the 200 nautical mile exclusive economic zone. This has seen him sailing with Danish and Norwegian patrol vessels. He is a former Predoctoral Fellow at Yale University and is a Fellow with the Canadian Global Affairs Institute. He serves on the editorial board of and is the photo editor at the Canadian Naval Review, and consults on naval affairs at the British American Security Information Council.
ORCID 0000-0001-7407-7914
Jackie Dawson
is Professor and Canada Research Chair (Tier 1) in Human and Policy Dimensions of Climate Change, Department of Geography, Environment, and Geomatics at the University of Ottawa, Canada. She is also the Scientific Director of the Network of Centres of Excellence, ArcticNet. She is an applied scientist working on the human and policy dimensions of environmental change in ocean and coastal regions and is considered an expert in Arctic shipping, Arctic tourism, and Arctic Ocean governance. She has served on two Canadian Council of Academies’ Expert Panels, is an elected member of the College of the Royal Society of Canada and is a Fellow of the Royal Canadian Geographic Society. She led the drafting of the 2018 G7 science statement focused on the Arctic Ocean and resilient communities, is a lead author on the IPCC AR6, and recently won the prestigious 2020 SSHRC Impact Connection Award and 2021 Governor General’s Innovation Award.
ORCID 0000-0002-3532-2742
Meinhard Doelle
was Professor of Law, Schulich School of Law, and Associate Dean, Graduate Studies, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada. He was the Canadian Chair at the World Maritime University from 2019–2021, and previously served as Associate Dean, Research, and as an Associate Director and Director of the Marine & Environmental Law Institute (MELAW). He wrote on a variety of environmental law topics, including climate change, energy, environmental assessments, and public participation in environmental decision-making. His most recent books deal with loss and damage from climate change, and with the new federal Impact Assessment Act in Canada, both published in 2021.
ORCID 0000-0002-7650-0330
studied natural resource management at the Natural Resources Institute at the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada. His Master’s thesis was titled “The Role of Project-based Impact Assessment in Considering the Impacts of Resource Development Related Arctic Shipping,” and addressed the impact assessment of numerous mineral developments in Nunavut with shipping implications.
ORCID 0000-0002-4004-3588
Monica Ell-Kanayuk
is the past president of the Inuit Circumpolar Council Canada. She was an MLA in Nunavut (2011–2013), and she served as Director of Programming for the Inuit Broadcasting Corporation. She is a former Director of Economic and Business Development at Nunavut Tunngavik Incorporated. She has also served as President of the Nunavut Economic Forum, President of the Baffin Chamber of Commerce, Vice-President of the Atuqtuarvik Corporation and Vice-President of Pauktuutit.
Meagan Greentree
is a Strategy and Planning Analyst for Manitoba Transportation and Infrastructure. As a public policy and planning practitioner, she is broadly interested in transportation, logistics and security challenges in the Canadian Arctic. Meagan is a former Research Fellow for the North American Arctic Defence and Security Network (NAADSN). Her previous public sector employers include Transport Canada and the Department of National Defence. In 2021, Meagan graduated with a Master of Public Administration (MPA) degree from the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; her contribution to this volume was adapted from her Graduate Capstone Project.
Peter Kikkert
is Irving Shipbuilding Chair in Arctic Policy and Assistant Professor of Public Policy and Governance in the Brian Mulroney Institute of Government at St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada.
ORCID 0000-0003-1338-3648
P. Whitney Lackenbauer
PhD, is Canada Research Chair in the Study of the Canadian North and Professor in the School for the Study of Canada at Trent University, Ontario, Canada. He is network lead of the North American and Arctic Defence and Security Network (NAADSN). He has (co-)written or (co-)edited more than fifty books and more than one hundred academic articles and book chapters, many of
ORCID 0000-0002-2240-5338
Adam Lajeunesse
PhD, is Associate Professor in the Public Policy and Governance Program at St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Canada. He is the author of the award-winning book Lock, Stock, and Icebergs (2016), a political history of the Northwest Passage, as well as co-author of the 2017 monograph China’s Arctic Ambitions and What They Mean for Canada, and co-editor of Canadian Arctic Operations, 1941–2015: Lessons Learned, Lost, and Relearned (2017). He works on questions of Arctic sovereignty and security policy and has written extensively on Canadian Armed Forces Arctic operations, maritime security, Canadian-American cooperation in the North, and Canadian Arctic history.
ORCID 0000-0002-7074-932X
Suzanne Lalonde
is Professor of Public International Law and the Law of the Sea at the Law Faculty of the Université de Montréal, Canada. She holds a PhD in Public International Law from the University of Cambridge. Her research and publications focus on core international legal principles, in particular those pertaining to sovereignty and the determination of boundaries on land and at sea, with an emphasis on the Arctic. She was a member of the ILA Committee that reported on “Baselines under the Law of the Sea” (2018) and co-editor of Ocean Development and International Law from 2017 to 2019. She is a member of the Canadian Arctic Security Working Group chaired by Joint Task Force North, the North American Arctic Defence and Security Network and is a co-author in the PAME project on the Central Arctic Ocean.
ORCID 0000-0002-0682-7725
Frédéric Lasserre
is Professor in the Department of Geography, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada. He acted as Project Director with the ArcticNet research network. He also chairs the Conseil québécois d’Études géopolitiques (Quebec Council for Geopolitical Studies, CQEG) at Laval University. He holds a Master of Commerce (ESC Lyon, 1990), an MBA (York U., Toronto, 1991), a DEA in Geopolitics (U. Paris VIII, 1992) and a PhD in Geography (U. Saint-Étienne, France, 1996). He has
ORCID 0000-0001-5220-9787
Connie Lovejoy
is Professor and an Arctic oceanographer in the Département de Biologie, Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS) and Takuvik International Laboratory, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada and a member of Québec-Océan consortium at Université Laval. She is also Director of the Quebec interuniversity PhD program in oceanography.
ORCID 0000-0001-8027-2281
Calvin Aivgak Pedersen
is a search and rescue volunteer, a former member of the Nunavut legislative assembly, and has served as a Canadian Ranger for 22 years. He is from Kugluktuk, Nunavut.
A. John Sinclair
is Professor and Director at the Natural Resources Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada. His main research interest focuses on governance and learning as they relate to resource and environmental decision-making. His most recent book deals with the new federal Impact Assessment Act in Canada, published in 2021.
ORCID 0000-0002-5865-0036
Captain David (Duke) Snider
is the CEO and Principal Consultant of Martech Polar Consulting Ltd, providing global ice navigation services and support for polar shipping, ice navigation, polar research, expedition logistics support and ice-related consulting. He is a Master Mariner and with 40 years at sea and is author of the book Polar Ship Operations, as well as many other papers on ice navigation. He was awarded the Queen’s Diamond Jubilee medal in 2011. He also holds the Canadian Coast Guard Exemplary Service Medal, and the United States Coast Guard Antarctic Service Medal. In 2020 he was awarded the Maritime Museum of British Columbia’s Beaver Medal for his championing of best practice and safety in ice-related shipping.
Gloria Song
is a PhD Candidate in the Faculty of Law, University of Ottawa, Canada, with doctoral research focus on access to justice and housing in Nunavut. She
Warwick F. Vincent
is Professor and holder of the Canada Research Chair in Aquatic Ecosystem Studies in the Département de Biologie, Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS) and Takuvik International Laboratory, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada. He is a member and former Director of the Centre for Northern Studies (CEN) at Université Laval.
ORCID 0000-0001-9055-1938
David V. Wright
is Associate Professor in the Faculty of Law, University of Calgary, Canada, where he is a member of the Natural Resources, Energy and Environmental Law Research group. Prior to his faculty appointment, David held positions with Canada’s Commissioner of the Environment and Sustainable Development, the United Nations Development Programme, the Government of Nunavut, the law firm of Stewart McKelvey, and the Marine and Environmental Law Institute at Dalhousie University. David was also General Counsel for the Gwich’in Tribal Council in Canada’s Western Arctic region, where he regularly advised on duty to consult, Indigenous governance, and regulatory matters. He holds an MA and JD from Dalhousie University and an LLM from Stanford University. David’s research focuses on natural resources and environmental law with a particular emphasis on climate change, impact assessment and the rights of Indigenous peoples.