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Chapter 9
Abstract
The South African Department of Education White Paper 6 on special needs education (DoE, 2001) commits the department to ensuring that all learners will have equal opportunities to be educated and welcomed in all schools,
South Africa's democratic government inherited a divided and unequal system of education. Under apartheid, South Africa had nineteen different educational departments separated by race, language, geography and ideology. This education system prepared learners in different ways for the positions they were expected to occupy in social, economic and political life under apartheid and was funded and resourced in ways that favoured white people and disadvantaged black people who remain in the working class. The newly elected democratic government in 1994 laid a foundation for a single national education system. Twenty-five years after the dawn of democracy, education is still in a parlous state in many communities in South Africa, but it is in the rural areas mainly in the former homelands that learners are most disadvantaged.
Contributors are: Olufemi Timothy Adigun, Oluwatoyin Ayodele Ajani, Alan Bhekisisa Buthelezi, Joyce Phikisile Dhlamini, Bongani Thulani Gamede, Samantha Govender, Lawrence Kehinde, Nontobeko Prudence Khumalo, Primrose Ntombenhle Khumalo, Azwidohwi Philip Kutame, Manthekeleng Linake, Sive Makeleni, Nkhensani Maluleke, Bothwell Manyonga, Mncedisi Christian Maphalala, Takalani Mashau, Hlengiwe Romualda Mhlongo, Rachel Gugu Mkhasibe, Dumisani Wilfred Mncube, Nicholus Tumelo Mollo, Ramashego Shila Mphahlele, Fikile Mthethwa, Grace Matodzi Muremela, Edmore Mutekwe, Nokuthula Hierson Ndaba, Clever Ndebele, Thandiwe Nonkululeko Ngema, Phiwokuhle Ngubane, Sindile Ngubane, Dumisani Nzima, Livhuwani Peter Ramabulana, and Maria Tsakeni.
Contributors are: Olufemi Timothy Adigun, Oluwatoyin Ayodele Ajani, Alan Bhekisisa Buthelezi, Joyce Phikisile Dhlamini, Bongani Thulani Gamede, Samantha Govender, Lawrence Kehinde, Nontobeko Prudence Khumalo, Primrose Ntombenhle Khumalo, Azwidohwi Philip Kutame, Manthekeleng Linake, Sive Makeleni, Nkhensani Maluleke, Bothwell Manyonga, Mncedisi Christian Maphalala, Takalani Mashau, Hlengiwe Romualda Mhlongo, Rachel Gugu Mkhasibe, Dumisani Wilfred Mncube, Nicholus Tumelo Mollo, Ramashego Shila Mphahlele, Fikile Mthethwa, Grace Matodzi Muremela, Edmore Mutekwe, Nokuthula Hierson Ndaba, Clever Ndebele, Thandiwe Nonkululeko Ngema, Phiwokuhle Ngubane, Sindile Ngubane, Dumisani Nzima, Livhuwani Peter Ramabulana, and Maria Tsakeni.
South Africa's democratic government inherited a divided and unequal system of education. Under apartheid, South Africa had nineteen different educational departments separated by race, language, geography and ideology. This education system prepared learners in different ways for the positions they were expected to occupy in social, economic and political life under apartheid and was funded and resourced in ways that favoured white people and disadvantaged black people who remain in the working class. The newly elected democratic government in 1994 laid a foundation for a single national education system. Twenty-five years after the dawn of democracy, education is still in a parlous state in many communities in South Africa, but it is in the rural areas mainly in the former homelands that learners are most disadvantaged.
Contributors are: Olufemi Timothy Adigun, Oluwatoyin Ayodele Ajani, Alan Bhekisisa Buthelezi, Joyce Phikisile Dhlamini, Bongani Thulani Gamede, Samantha Govender, Lawrence Kehinde, Nontobeko Prudence Khumalo, Primrose Ntombenhle Khumalo, Azwidohwi Philip Kutame, Manthekeleng Linake, Sive Makeleni, Nkhensani Maluleke, Bothwell Manyonga, Mncedisi Christian Maphalala, Takalani Mashau, Hlengiwe Romualda Mhlongo, Rachel Gugu Mkhasibe, Dumisani Wilfred Mncube, Nicholus Tumelo Mollo, Ramashego Shila Mphahlele, Fikile Mthethwa, Grace Matodzi Muremela, Edmore Mutekwe, Nokuthula Hierson Ndaba, Clever Ndebele, Thandiwe Nonkululeko Ngema, Phiwokuhle Ngubane, Sindile Ngubane, Dumisani Nzima, Livhuwani Peter Ramabulana, and Maria Tsakeni.
Contributors are: Olufemi Timothy Adigun, Oluwatoyin Ayodele Ajani, Alan Bhekisisa Buthelezi, Joyce Phikisile Dhlamini, Bongani Thulani Gamede, Samantha Govender, Lawrence Kehinde, Nontobeko Prudence Khumalo, Primrose Ntombenhle Khumalo, Azwidohwi Philip Kutame, Manthekeleng Linake, Sive Makeleni, Nkhensani Maluleke, Bothwell Manyonga, Mncedisi Christian Maphalala, Takalani Mashau, Hlengiwe Romualda Mhlongo, Rachel Gugu Mkhasibe, Dumisani Wilfred Mncube, Nicholus Tumelo Mollo, Ramashego Shila Mphahlele, Fikile Mthethwa, Grace Matodzi Muremela, Edmore Mutekwe, Nokuthula Hierson Ndaba, Clever Ndebele, Thandiwe Nonkululeko Ngema, Phiwokuhle Ngubane, Sindile Ngubane, Dumisani Nzima, Livhuwani Peter Ramabulana, and Maria Tsakeni.
The majority of South African principals believe that subject heads and Heads of Departments should be in charge of curriculum and teaching monitoring. Due to this impression, curricular management by principals does not support teaching and learning. According to the KZN department of education's study from 2015 on curriculum management and delivery plan, principals now spend more time on administrative responsibilities and learner discipline than on topics related to instructional leadership. This book emphasizes how major social and economic development in rural areas is necessary in order to achieve actual quality education. Until then, the educational options available in rural areas will restrict people's ability to live long, productive lives and to learn and experience freedom, dignity, and self-respect.
Contributors are: Bongani Thulani Gamede, Samantha Govender, Nontobeko Prudence Khumalo, Azwidohwi Kutame, Mncedisi Christian Maphalala, Rachel Gugu Mkhasibe, Dumisani Wilfred Mncube, Ramashego Shila Mphahlele, Fikile Mthethwa, Edmore Mutekwe, Nokuthula Hierso Ndaba, Thandiwe Nonkululeko Ngema, Phiwokuhle Bongiwe Ngubane, Sindile Ngubane and Dumisani Nzima.
Contributors are: Bongani Thulani Gamede, Samantha Govender, Nontobeko Prudence Khumalo, Azwidohwi Kutame, Mncedisi Christian Maphalala, Rachel Gugu Mkhasibe, Dumisani Wilfred Mncube, Ramashego Shila Mphahlele, Fikile Mthethwa, Edmore Mutekwe, Nokuthula Hierso Ndaba, Thandiwe Nonkululeko Ngema, Phiwokuhle Bongiwe Ngubane, Sindile Ngubane and Dumisani Nzima.
The majority of South African principals believe that subject heads and Heads of Departments should be in charge of curriculum and teaching monitoring. Due to this impression, curricular management by principals does not support teaching and learning. According to the KZN department of education's study from 2015 on curriculum management and delivery plan, principals now spend more time on administrative responsibilities and learner discipline than on topics related to instructional leadership. This book emphasizes how major social and economic development in rural areas is necessary in order to achieve actual quality education. Until then, the educational options available in rural areas will restrict people's ability to live long, productive lives and to learn and experience freedom, dignity, and self-respect.
Contributors are: Bongani Thulani Gamede, Samantha Govender, Nontobeko Prudence Khumalo, Azwidohwi Kutame, Mncedisi Christian Maphalala, Rachel Gugu Mkhasibe, Dumisani Wilfred Mncube, Ramashego Shila Mphahlele, Fikile Mthethwa, Edmore Mutekwe, Nokuthula Hierso Ndaba, Thandiwe Nonkululeko Ngema, Phiwokuhle Bongiwe Ngubane, Sindile Ngubane and Dumisani Nzima.
Contributors are: Bongani Thulani Gamede, Samantha Govender, Nontobeko Prudence Khumalo, Azwidohwi Kutame, Mncedisi Christian Maphalala, Rachel Gugu Mkhasibe, Dumisani Wilfred Mncube, Ramashego Shila Mphahlele, Fikile Mthethwa, Edmore Mutekwe, Nokuthula Hierso Ndaba, Thandiwe Nonkululeko Ngema, Phiwokuhle Bongiwe Ngubane, Sindile Ngubane and Dumisani Nzima.
Abstract
The state of South Africa’s education system continues to surprise many stakeholders despite the fact that a notable series of intervention initiatives have been implemented to improve the quality of the system. These interventions come at a huge financial cost from the national treasury to support and improve curriculum coverage. This chapter explores the impact of the Jika iMfundo intervention programme on curriculum coverage at King Cetshwayo District schools. This is due to the fact that the majority of schools continue to perform poorly, while in other schools, the improvement has been insignificant. Therefore, there is a need to dive deeper into the experiences of selected schools to understand the source of the curriculum conundrum and propose practical solutions. This chapter also seeks to understand how secondary schools have been implementing Jika iMfundo intervention strategies to improve curriculum coverage in recent years. The study adopted a qualitative approach and generated data from 12 school management team (SMT) members purposively selected from 20 schools as part of a National Research Foundation (NRF) project. Data were thematically analysed. The results show that Jika iMfundo has used the Programme to Improve Learning Outcomes (PILO) strategy to improve the quality of workshops on proper supervision and skills, create a better understanding of the role and responsibilities of the SMT, increase support for teachers and highlight the impact of contextual factors. This study has far-reaching implications for adapting the current intervention programme to improve the quality of curriculum coverage in all schools found in rural contexts that struggle to use curriculum monitoring tools to achieve quality outcomes.
Abstract
Monitoring teaching and learning is a significant leadership aspect of locating weaknesses to improve instruction and learner performance. The closer school leaders are to teaching and learning activities, the better the chances of success for learners. It is important to note that leadership in curriculum management is not confined to the principal, however. It is also delegated to the school management team (SMT) (deputy principals, heads of departments [HOD s]) and teachers tasked with the school’s academic programme. This study sought to examine the nature of curriculum management in secondary schools. A qualitative research design was adopted for the study. A purposive sampling technique was used to draw a sample of ten SMT members (four HOD s, three principals and three deputy principals) from ten high schools. The main research instrument for data collection was a focus group discussion used to collect qualitative data. Thematic analysis was applied to analyse the qualitative data from a transcribed focus group discussion. The findings reveal that SMT s and district officials play a key role in monitoring the curriculum in schools. The findings reveal that the involvement of the school governing body (SGB) and individual parents is restricted in their children’s schoolwork because of realities such as work commitments, language barriers and socio-economic background. Classroom visits are not done regularly to check curriculum coverage in relation to the heavy teaching and administrative workloads that HOD s carry. The findings also reveal that the district officials are not competent in specific subjects and that some do not visit schools due to heavy workloads or the location of schools in remote areas where the terrain is challenging to navigate.
Abstract
This chapter evaluates rural teachers’ participation in continuing professional teacher development (CPTD) by investigating the enablers and constraints for rural secondary school teachers in two rural education districts in KwaZulu-Natal and Limpopo. The chapter is underpinned by Vygotsky’s (1978) theory of social constructivism, which is grounded in the understanding that knowledge is constructed in a social context where learning occurs through discourse with others. A qualitative research design was adopted to collect data from 16 rural teachers in two districts and provinces of South Africa. Two sets of focus group discussions were conducted with teachers to determine the nature of the participation of teachers from rural backgrounds in continuing professional development (CPD) and how it enables them to perform their teaching responsibilities better. We analysed data using an inductive thematic framework following the approach of Braun and Clarke (2006). The following four themes emerged from the analysis, which highlights the factors that enhance the participation of teachers in CPTD and the provision of quality CPTD programmes: teachers’ understanding of the concept of CPTD, access to a variety of CPTD activities, CPTD implementation gaps, and the needs of the teachers. Findings revealed that a significant number of teachers feel that CPTD has not been adequately introduced to them, and not all teachers have been allowed to attend these preparatory workshops. This study concluded that if orientation to CPTD is done correctly, it will enable all teachers to realise that their current practice is insufficient, and they will see the need to improve performance. Addressing constraints identified and strengthening the enablers will ensure that the programme is implemented effectively and yields the desired outcomes.