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Starting with the description of the Haskalah as a multilingual and intercultural enlightenment movement, this essay focuses on the integration of Jews in Germany in the late-18th and 19th century. Education, the author argues, was the basis for Jewish emancipation, which raises the question whether this history of integration could function as a paradigm for the Muslim minority in Germany today. To answer this question, the author provides three models of the Haskalah which offer different approaches to the definition of a particular Jewish identity, as well as how it can be preserved while participating in the life of majority society. In relating these elements to today’s circumstances, it becomes clear that the state can demand nothing but a ‘political-civic’ integration, that is an acculturation to the legal system and the constitution, while at the same time safe-guarding religious and cultural differences and diversity.