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Abstract
Development plans increasingly integrate aspects of migration and displacement, reflecting the countless links between sustainable development and human mobility. To understand the incorporation of issues related to human mobility into development plans and policies, this chapter analyses all current United Nations Development Assistance Frameworks (UNDAFs) in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). The MENA region is characterised by high levels of outmigration and displacement, transit migration, immigration, and hosts a large share of the world’s refugees. UNDAFs—planning documents that provide a system-wide overview of key United Nations (UN) activities and functions at the country level—provide a promising platform to investigate linkages between migration, displacement, human development, multilateral and interagency cooperation, and the politics of development aid and international relations. To assess how exactly UN development plans address immigration, emigration, transit migration, internal and international displacement, diaspora engagement and remittances, this chapter introduces the Index of Mobility Inclusion (IMI) which measures the intensity, modality, and dimensionality of how mobility has been integrated into development plans. Based on an analysis of all current UNDAFs, the component and aggregate IMI levels show varying degrees of mobility inclusion. A comparison of the three IMI components for all 14 plans in the MENA region reveals that mobility-related policies include a broad range of public policy sectors and focus on various target populations. This paper concludes by offering initial insights into and hypotheses on what determines whether mobility is included in UN development plans.
When India first introduced the Overseas Citizenship of India (OCI) in 2003 under the label of “dual citizenship”, potential links between this new diasporic membership status and national security concerns were not publicly discussed, while such concerns influenced the shape of this membership policy and its limitations behind closed doors. On the other hand, during an extensive parliamentary debate on amending OCI legislation in 2005, 16 out of 34 speakers made 55 references to national security. Based on 50 interviews with Indian policy-makers and an extensive analysis of Parliamentary debates, this essay considers core tenets of the securitization framework from the emigration perspective, advancing our comprehension of discussions on diaspora membership and dual citizenship in countries of origin. Specifically, it sheds light on several security narratives in the policy-making process in the lead up to the Citizenship (Amendment) Acts of 2003 and 2005, and how perceptions of dual citizenship as a security risk, including links to terrorism, organized crime and diplomatic relations to other countries, shaped the OCI. It explores how institutional paradigms and developments in adjacent policy arenas affected the debates, and when discourse limitations led to the omission of security discussions in the positively framed diaspora engagement discourse.
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Diaspora Studies
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Editor:
Diaspora Studies is a leading interdisciplinary, academic journal dedicated to the scientific study of diasporas and international migration. Based on rigorous, double-blind peer-review, the journal publishes cutting-edge analyses of diaspora issues from the perspective of international relations, economics, politics, public policy, development studies, identity, history, and critical theory. Specifically, the journal features global scholarly contributions on diaspora engagement policies, as well as political and stakeholder participation of diaspora actors and organizations. It showcases studies on the role of diaspora actors and diaspora issues for international relations, discourses, and development activities in migrants’ home and host countries. The journal welcomes theoretical and empirical contributions on comparative diasporas, the role of international organizations, and civil society and it aims to advance scholarship and debate on emerging global networks and transnational identities.
Diaspora Studies is published in association with the Organisation for Diaspora Initiatives (ODI).
Diaspora Studies welcomes submissions for special issues and the journal’s four annual issues publish:
• Original research articles (7,000–10,000 words)
• Review articles (7,000–10,000 words)
• Book reviews (1,500–2,500 words)
For editorial queries and proposals, please contact Diaspora Studies’ editorial office: editorial.diasporastudies@gmail.com
Diaspora Studies is published in association with the Organisation for Diaspora Initiatives (ODI).
Diaspora Studies welcomes submissions for special issues and the journal’s four annual issues publish:
• Original research articles (7,000–10,000 words)
• Review articles (7,000–10,000 words)
• Book reviews (1,500–2,500 words)
For editorial queries and proposals, please contact Diaspora Studies’ editorial office: editorial.diasporastudies@gmail.com
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Vom Verhältnis zwischen Objektivität und Subjektivität in den historischen Wissenschaften
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Die klassische Wissenschaftstheorie konzentriert sich oft auf die Naturwissenschaften und hat für die historischen Disziplinen nicht viel Raum. Dabei bieten sowohl die fachinternen Debatten der geschichtlichen Wissenschaften als auch die modernen philosophischen Ansätze gemeinsam einen fruchtbaren Boden, um zusammen neue Erkenntnisse zu schaffen. In diesem Band nähern sich Philosophen und Historiker aus verschiedenen Perspektiven dem Fragenkomplex, ob und inwiefern die historischen Disziplinen objektiv sind und was wir aus diesen Fragen lernen können.
Vom Verhältnis zwischen Objektivität und Subjektivität in den historischen Wissenschaften
Die klassische Wissenschaftstheorie konzentriert sich oft auf die Naturwissenschaften und hat für die historischen Disziplinen nicht viel Raum. Dabei bieten sowohl die fachinternen Debatten der geschichtlichen Wissenschaften als auch die modernen philosophischen Ansätze gemeinsam einen fruchtbaren Boden, um zusammen neue Erkenntnisse zu schaffen. In diesem Band nähern sich Philosophen und Historiker aus verschiedenen Perspektiven dem Fragenkomplex, ob und inwiefern die historischen Disziplinen objektiv sind und was wir aus diesen Fragen lernen können.