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Abstract
The understanding of trauma in sociology as the group’s creation of meaning for horrific events has been highly influential in the study of the Hebrew Bible. This sociological approach is very different than that of literary criticism, where trauma is understood through the lens of psychoanalytical analysis as that which has not been fully experienced by victims and is not truly known by them, as “unclaimed experience,” in other words. The sociological understanding of trauma has helped scholars understand potential social benefits of biblical texts, but scholarship often fails to clearly distinguish this approach from that of psychoanalysis and literary criticism, and this has led to problematic claims that texts which create meaning for traumatic events will prove to be therapeutic for individual trauma sufferers. The use of texts to create meaning and explanation actually forces trauma victims to repress the speech about their trauma that they need to engage in therapy.
Abstract
Crisis is endemic to capitalism. But can it be proved that capitalism will bring about its own terminal crisis? This article frames this question in light of ongoing debates in theories of crisis and value by polemically comparing two related but divergent perspectives. The first, that of Robert Kurz and several Wertkritik authors, argues that cyclical crises of capital necessarily lead to a terminal crisis – and that this terminal crisis is already underway. The second, that of Michael Heinrich, argues that there is no way to demonstrate that capital will not continue reinventing new sites and forms for creating surplus value. Through this comparison, this article achieves two aims: first, it establishes the general point that how we understand value determines how we understand crisis; and, second, it shows limitations of the ‘terminal crisis’ hypothesis, and concludes that Kurz’s terminal crisis theory risks making crisis a transhistorical concept.
The article draws on Achaemenid royal inscriptions in a postcolonial investigation of Ezra-Nehemiah’s portrayal of the community of immigrants from Babylon. The book presents the community’s identity as a hybrid of the way imperial hegemony portrays the colonized who live in the Persian Empire and of aspects of the community’s own Judean heritage that is strongly influenced by Yahwism. In Ezra 1–6, the community is portrayed as a group of colonists sent from the imperial center by the king, but, in these chapters, loyalty to the king amounts to loyalty to Yhwh, since it is the community’s God who commands the Persian king to act. In Ezra 7-Nehemiah 13, however, this loyal group of colonizers becomes a colonized people disloyal to their God and king. These chapters present the community as a group who has ceased to be the loyal imperial subjects of Ezra 1–6 and who have declined to the state of their ancestors, congenitally unable to keep Yahwistic and Persian law, and thereby justifying the colonized state of the community and imperial exploitation of its resources. In this section of the narrative, the community is just what Persian hegemony defines its colonized peoples to be: They are a group of “slaves” to the Persians, and rely utterly on individuals commissioned by the Persian king and sent from the center of the empire – that is, Ezra and Nehemiah – to lead them and to keep them loyal to their God and, therefore, a loyal colonized people to Persia.
Institutions, Social Import, and Market Forces in the German Literary Field
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Aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven gibt dieser Band Einblicke in den deutschen Literaturbetrieb, dessen Institutionen und Umschlagplätze. Diskutiert werden Themen wie der Effekt der Digitalisierung auf den Buchmarkt, Literatur und Öffentlichkeit, Buchmessen und Bibliotheken, die Rolle von Literaturwissenschaftler_innen im Literaturbetrieb, postmodernes und postmigrantisches Theater, Herausforderungen literarischer Übersetzung, publizistische Literaturkritik und das Verhältnis von Literatur zu anderen Medien wie Film und Fernsehen. Der Begriff Mischkalkulation – ein stehender Begriff im Literaturbetrieb – reflektiert bei der vorliegenden Sammlung von Essays, Interviews, wissenschaftlichen Analysen und Arbeitsproben von Übersetzern auch eine wissenschaftliche Ökonomie, nämlich die Mischung aus präzisen Einzelstudien und übergreifenden Beiträgen unterschiedlichster Art.
Institutions, Social Import, and Market Forces in the German Literary Field
Aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven gibt dieser Band Einblicke in den deutschen Literaturbetrieb, dessen Institutionen und Umschlagplätze. Diskutiert werden Themen wie der Effekt der Digitalisierung auf den Buchmarkt, Literatur und Öffentlichkeit, Buchmessen und Bibliotheken, die Rolle von Literaturwissenschaftler_innen im Literaturbetrieb, postmodernes und postmigrantisches Theater, Herausforderungen literarischer Übersetzung, publizistische Literaturkritik und das Verhältnis von Literatur zu anderen Medien wie Film und Fernsehen. Der Begriff Mischkalkulation – ein stehender Begriff im Literaturbetrieb – reflektiert bei der vorliegenden Sammlung von Essays, Interviews, wissenschaftlichen Analysen und Arbeitsproben von Übersetzern auch eine wissenschaftliche Ökonomie, nämlich die Mischung aus präzisen Einzelstudien und übergreifenden Beiträgen unterschiedlichster Art.