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Public–private partnerships (PPPs) in education are presented as capable of resolving several issues of education provision, financing, management, access and quality. This paper aimed at analyzing the impact of PPPs on access to and quality of higher education in Tanzania. Secondary research was used to gather data and critical review of the data and its analysis made. The focus of the paper was on higher education financing and on private higher education institutions. The findings indicated that PPPs have had a positive impact on increasing access to Tanzania higher education. However, although private universities and university colleges are many in number, enrolment has continued to be higher in public universities. It was further noted that an increase in higher learning institutions and subsequent increase in access to higher education has not meant an improvement in the quality of education provided by the institutions. As such, PPPs have had no significant impact on the improvement of quality of education. This is mainly accounted for by the number and qualifications held by academic members of staff in private universities, the infrastructure as well as the programmes they offer.
Abstract
The unprecedented globalisation process has necessitated socio-economic and political reforms to keep pace with the changing conditions. One major reform undertaken in Tanzania and across many other countries has been the privatisation of security service provision. Consequently, several profit-oriented security companies have sprung up. Studies have focused on the private security industry regulation and working conditions. This paper examines why security companies employ elders and how they use them to suppress demands for improved working conditions and remuneration. Drawing on interviews and focus group discussions, the paper shows that poor working conditions in the private security sector presents several challenges such as labour conflicts and labour turnover. Poor working conditions also results in security guards engaging themselves in criminal acts. In response to these challenges, companies employ elders and use them to easily suppress complaints from young ones over working conditions and remuneration.