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This chapter introduces the reader to the complexities of revision analysis and problematises the issues surrounding the development of revision taxonomies, ‘online’ revision analysis and the categorisation of online revisions. For the reader unfamiliar with the writing process, the chapter begins by overviewing the writing process. This introduction to the writing process provides the reader unfamiliar with writing and revision processes with a ground for understanding of the complexity of revision and the overview of revision presented in this chapter. After reading this chapter, the reader will have the necessary understanding of the writing and revision processes to follow the arguments relating to the development of an online revision taxonomy and online revision categorisation presented by Lindgren and Sullivan (this volume, Chapter 9).
Keystroke logging is an approach to writing research that can also be used in teaching and exploring existing theories. This chapter overviews how keystroke logging can be used, and has been used, in the writing, language and translation classroom, illustrates how keystroke logging can provide new insights that can be used to interrogate theory and considers how keystroke logging’s capabilities can be extended to provide a bright future for this technology.
This chapter presents, discusses and illustrates a method for the analysis of revision of form and concepts in online writing. Keystroke logging was coupled with stimulated recall to assist the development of the LS-taxonomy for online writing revision. Revisions are fundamentally divided according to their position in the text and according to their effect on the developing text. Revision occurs either within the previously written text or at the point of inscription. Revisions at the point of inscription are characterised by being only preceded by written text; the revisions occur in the course of transcription. During the writing process, revisions interact actively with pauses and other revisions. The complex nature of discourse in development, the issues of multiple categorisation of revision and the linking of revisions and pauses together as revision episodes, and how these impact upon the use of the LS-taxonomy is overviewed. All LS-taxonomy categories are thoroughly exemplified by examples from a corpus of keystroke-logged data of first language Swedish and English as a foreign language (EFL) compositions.