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Abstract
The four kingdoms scheme plays a prominent role in the book of Daniel itself, and lies at the foundation of Nebuchadnezzar’s dream in chapter 2 and Daniel’s vision in chapter 7. The motif of four earthly empires followed by a heavenly kingdom, whose roots can be traced to surrounding cultures, serves both chronological and ideological-theological functions within Dan-iel itself. In the current study, I want to focus on the former, and place it in the larger context of chronological conceptions throughout the book as a whole. At the same time, the discussion of the ideological worldview of the Danielic authors will be discussed as it relates to these chronological con-ceptions. All of the chronological schemes in Daniel to be discussed here share a number of basic features, although specific aspects and emphases vary from chapter to chapter. It will be suggested that one aspect, common to the chronological worldview of most early Jewish and Christian apoca-lypses is in fact not present in all of the Daniel apocalypses, and this in fact serves as a litmus test for the milieu and historical background in which they were composed.
Author:
Abstract
(1)The discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls sixty years ago and their subsequent publication have led to a renewed interest in and evaluation of biblical interpretation in the Second Temple period.(2) The author would like to express a different reservation about using the term "rewritten" Bible, which is perhaps solved by employing the term "parabiblical." 5 Classic examples of parabiblical texts include the book of Jubilees, the Genesis Apocryphon from Cave 1, and the Temple Scroll.(3) While many of these parabiblical works are assumed to interpret the Bible, and therefore can be classified as exegesis, some scholars have called for a reconsideration of the interpretive nature of these compositions. The author suggests that four details in the Genesis Apocryphon should be viewed as conscious attempts to assimilate two stories, with the specific interpretive goal of transforming the story of Abraham into a precursor of the national story of Israel.
Rewritten Bible, Redaction, Ideology and Theology
Author:
Almost all scholars have viewed the book of Jubilees as the work of a single author, applying to the book methods of analysis determined primarily by its literary genre, Rewritten Bible. This study suggests a new approach, in light of numerous contradictions between the rewritten stories on the one hand, and the juxtaposed legal passages and chronological framework on the other. It is suggested here that the editor of Jubilees adopted extant reworked sources, and added his own legal and chronological framework. This proposed literary-critical method is highly significant for the study of the book’s worldview, as is demonstrated by the analysis of passages in Jubilees that relate to the origins of evil and of law in the world.
Rewritten Bible, Redaction, Ideology and Theology
Author:
Almost all scholars have viewed the book of Jubilees as the work of a single author, applying to the book methods of analysis determined primarily by its literary genre, Rewritten Bible. This study suggests a new approach, in light of numerous contradictions between the rewritten stories on the one hand, and the juxtaposed legal passages and chronological framework on the other. It is suggested here that the editor of Jubilees adopted extant reworked sources, and added his own legal and chronological framework. This proposed literary-critical method is highly significant for the study of the book’s worldview, as is demonstrated by the analysis of passages in Jubilees that relate to the origins of evil and of law in the world.