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Cyril’s epistle XLI is addressed to Acacius of Scythopolis and discusses the exegesis of the scapegoat in Lev 16. The importance of the question is witnessed to by the presence of letter in the Patristic dossier of the Acts of the Council of Ephesus. Palestine, the region of the addressee, was characterized by the necessity of facing at the same time both the Semitic and the pagan cultures. The paper shows, on the diachronic background of the main works devoted to the same subject, that the very confrontation of Judaism and paganism is the key element for the formulation of Cyril's Christological interpretation. Through it he tries to reject any possibility of an exegesis of the biblical text in a dialectical form contrary to peace.