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Abstract
This introductory chapter seeks to contextualize Sheldon Pollock’s seminal ideas about “cosmopolitan and vernacular” in history in a comparative global perspective that goes beyond just traditional East Asian literary cultures. To that end, it begins with a discussion of some of the pesky yet important terminological questions relevant to studying the language, writing, and literary culture in traditional “East Asia,” and argues against certain features of “sphere-speak” and “Sino-speak” (especially the term “Sinosphere”) before taking up working definitions of “cosmopolis,” “vernacular,” and offering a defense of the term “Sinographic Cosmopolis” as against just “Sinographic Sphere.” The remainder of the chapter attempts a comprehensive survey of the reception of Sheldon Pollock’s ideas across a variety of translocal cultures, beginning with South (and Southeast) and the ‘Sanskrit Cosmopolis’ that he famously christened, before moving on to Latinitas, the Persianate Cosmopolis, and the Babylonian Cosmopolis, all by way of prefacing an overview and critique of recent work on the histories of vernacularization and comparative literary culture in the Sinographic Cosmopolis. The chapter concludes with a brief discussion of recent research in comparative and world literature that engages with Sheldon Pollock’s work and also provides brief synopses of the other chapters in the volume.
Author:
Abstract
Building on the Korea-related section of chapter three in this volume (“Vernacularizing the Cosmopolitan? Regional Sanskrits, “Stuffed Latin,” “Variant Sinitic,” and the Problem of Hybridity”), this chapter gives an overview of the history of research to date on pre-twentieth century “Koreanized” forms of Literary Sinitic, with a view to elaborating on the complex relationship between cosmopolitan and vernacular in Korea as seen through the prism of vernacularized or hybridized forms of hanmun. The chapter focuses primarily on the seminal research by Japanese scholars on this topic, but also surveys recent work by scholars in South Korea before closing with an overview of some of the textual genres that offer the most promise for future research on what we might call Korean Variant Sinitic.
Author:
Abstract
This chapter tackles a topic somewhat neglected by Sheldon Pollock in his work on the interactions between cosmopolitan and vernacular codes. That is, whereas Pollock has described and theorized the rise of “cosmopolitan vernaculars”—by which he means local languages “aspiring to cultural dominance through the appropriation of features of a superposed language”—he has invested comparatively less energy into investigating the reverse process whereby ostensibly cosmopolitan languages and texts can either mask or be infused with, infected/co-opted by, or otherwise mixed and hybridized with vernaculars. Thus, this chapter takes as its broader theme the hybridization or vernacularization of the cosmopolitan, a topic it explores by comparing first regional Sanskrits (a topic untouched by Pollock), “Stuffed Latin,” and “Variant Sinitic” in order to think more broadly about the question of regional admixture in the cosmopolitan.
Reading Sheldon Pollock from the Sinographic Cosmopolis
Volume Editor:
Sheldon Pollock’s work on the history of literary cultures in the ‘Sanskrit Cosmopolis’ broke new ground in the theorization of historical processes of vernacularization and served as a wake-up call for comparative approaches to such processes in other translocal cultural formations. But are his characterizations of vernacularization in the Sinographic Sphere accurate, and do his ideas and framework allow us to speak of a ‘Sinographic Cosmopolis’? How do the special typology of sinographic writing and associated technologies of vernacular reading complicate comparisons between the Sankrit and Latinate cosmopoleis? Such are the questions tackled in this volume.
Contributors are Daehoe Ahn, Yufen Chang, Wiebke Denecke, Torquil Duthie, Marion Eggert, Greg Evon, Hoduk Hwang, John Jorgensen, Ross King, David Lurie, Alexey Lushchenko, Si Nae Park, John Phan, Mareshi Saito, and S. William Wells.
Contributors are Daehoe Ahn, Yufen Chang, Wiebke Denecke, Torquil Duthie, Marion Eggert, Greg Evon, Hoduk Hwang, John Jorgensen, Ross King, David Lurie, Alexey Lushchenko, Si Nae Park, John Phan, Mareshi Saito, and S. William Wells.
Reading Sheldon Pollock from the Sinographic Cosmopolis
Volume Editor:
Sheldon Pollock’s work on the history of literary cultures in the ‘Sanskrit Cosmopolis’ broke new ground in the theorization of historical processes of vernacularization and served as a wake-up call for comparative approaches to such processes in other translocal cultural formations. But are his characterizations of vernacularization in the Sinographic Sphere accurate, and do his ideas and framework allow us to speak of a ‘Sinographic Cosmopolis’? How do the special typology of sinographic writing and associated technologies of vernacular reading complicate comparisons between the Sankrit and Latinate cosmopoleis? Such are the questions tackled in this volume.
Contributors are Daehoe Ahn, Yufen Chang, Wiebke Denecke, Torquil Duthie, Marion Eggert, Greg Evon, Hoduk Hwang, John Jorgensen, Ross King, David Lurie, Alexey Lushchenko, Si Nae Park, John Phan, Mareshi Saito, and S. William Wells.
Contributors are Daehoe Ahn, Yufen Chang, Wiebke Denecke, Torquil Duthie, Marion Eggert, Greg Evon, Hoduk Hwang, John Jorgensen, Ross King, David Lurie, Alexey Lushchenko, Si Nae Park, John Phan, Mareshi Saito, and S. William Wells.
A Cultural Sphere of Vernacular Reading
Author:
Editor / Translator:
In Literary Sinitic and East Asia: A Cultural Sphere of Vernacular Reading, Professor Kin Bunkyō surveys the history of reading technologies referred to as kundoku 訓讀 in Japanese, hundok in Korean and xundu in Mandarin. Rendered by the translators as ‘vernacular reading’, these technologies were used to read Literary Sinitic through and into a wide variety of vernacular languages across diverse premodern East Asian civilizations and literary cultures. The book’s editor, Ross King, prefaces the translation with an essay comparing East Asian traditions of ‘vernacular reading’ with typologically similar reading technologies in the Ancient Near East and calls for a shift in research focus from writing to reading, and from ‘heterography’ to ‘heterolexia’.
Translators are Marjorie Burge, Mina Hattori, Ross King, Alexey Lushchenko, and Si Nae Park.
Translators are Marjorie Burge, Mina Hattori, Ross King, Alexey Lushchenko, and Si Nae Park.
A Cultural Sphere of Vernacular Reading
Author:
In Literary Sinitic and East Asia: A Cultural Sphere of Vernacular Reading, Professor Kin Bunkyō surveys the history of reading technologies referred to as kundoku 訓讀 in Japanese, hundok in Korean and xundu in Mandarin. Rendered by the translators as ‘vernacular reading’, these technologies were used to read Literary Sinitic through and into a wide variety of vernacular languages across diverse premodern East Asian civilizations and literary cultures. The book’s editor, Ross King, prefaces the translation with an essay comparing East Asian traditions of ‘vernacular reading’ with typologically similar reading technologies in the Ancient Near East and calls for a shift in research focus from writing to reading, and from ‘heterography’ to ‘heterolexia’.
Translators are Marjorie Burge, Mina Hattori, Ross King, Alexey Lushchenko, and Si Nae Park.
Translators are Marjorie Burge, Mina Hattori, Ross King, Alexey Lushchenko, and Si Nae Park.
The Literary Sinitic Context and the Birth of Modern Japanese Language and Literature
Author:
In Kanbunmyaku: The Literary Sinitic Context and the Birth of Modern Japanese Language and Literature, Saito Mareshi demonstrates the centrality of Literary Sinitic poetry and prose in the creation of modern literary Japanese. Saito’s new understanding of the role of “kanbunmyaku” in the formation of Japanese literary modernity challenges dominant narratives tied to translations from modern Western literatures and problematizes the antagonism between Literary Sinitic and Japanese in the modern academy. Saito shows how kundoku (vernacular reading) and its rhythms were central to the rise of new inscriptional styles, charts the changing relationship of modern poets and novelists to kanbunmyaku, and concludes that the chronotope of modern Japan was based in a language world supported by the Literary Sinitic Context.
The Literary Sinitic Context and the Birth of Modern Japanese Language and Literature
Author:
In Kanbunmyaku: The Literary Sinitic Context and the Birth of Modern Japanese Language and Literature, Saito Mareshi demonstrates the centrality of Literary Sinitic poetry and prose in the creation of modern literary Japanese. Saito’s new understanding of the role of “kanbunmyaku” in the formation of Japanese literary modernity challenges dominant narratives tied to translations from modern Western literatures and problematizes the antagonism between Literary Sinitic and Japanese in the modern academy. Saito shows how kundoku (vernacular reading) and its rhythms were central to the rise of new inscriptional styles, charts the changing relationship of modern poets and novelists to kanbunmyaku, and concludes that the chronotope of modern Japan was based in a language world supported by the Literary Sinitic Context.
Edited by Ross King, University of British Columbia, David Lurie, Columbia University and Marion Eggert, Ruhr-Universität Bochum
The series will be of interest to anybody interested in questions of cosmopolitan and vernacular in the Sinographic Cosmopolis—specifically, with respect to questions of language, writing and literary culture, embracing both beginnings (the origins of and early sources for writing in the sinographic sphere) and endings (the disintegration of the Sinographic Cosmopolis in places like Korea, Japan and Vietnam, and the advent of linguistic modernity throughout all of the old Sinitic sphere. In addition, the series will feature comparative research on interactions and synergies in language, writing and literary culture in the Sinographic Cosmopolis over nearly two millennia, as well as studies of the 'sinographic hangover' in modern East Asia-critical and comparative assessments of the social and cultural history of language and writing and linguistic thought in modern and premodern East Asia.
The series will be of interest to anybody interested in questions of cosmopolitan and vernacular in the Sinographic Cosmopolis—specifically, with respect to questions of language, writing and literary culture, embracing both beginnings (the origins of and early sources for writing in the sinographic sphere) and endings (the disintegration of the Sinographic Cosmopolis in places like Korea, Japan and Vietnam, and the advent of linguistic modernity throughout all of the old Sinitic sphere. In addition, the series will feature comparative research on interactions and synergies in language, writing and literary culture in the Sinographic Cosmopolis over nearly two millennia, as well as studies of the 'sinographic hangover' in modern East Asia-critical and comparative assessments of the social and cultural history of language and writing and linguistic thought in modern and premodern East Asia.
Korea's Indigenous Script
Author:
Translator:
The author traces the history and evolution of Hangeul, considers its scientific principles, practicality and features, addresses the question of the so-called ‘culture block’ in the international arena, and anticipates the direction in which it could evolve and thereby attract wider usage and credibility. First proclaimed in 1446 as the ‘correct sounds for the instruction of the people’ (Hunminjeongeum), the Korean indigenous script is considered to be one of the most practical and logical languages in the world, yet as a unique minority language it is regarded by many as being under threat from the Roman alphabet and dominant languages of the East Asian region.
Korea's Indigenous Script
Author:
The author traces the history and evolution of Hangeul, considers its scientific principles, practicality and features, addresses the question of the so-called ‘culture block’ in the international arena, and anticipates the direction in which it could evolve and thereby attract wider usage and credibility. First proclaimed in 1446 as the ‘correct sounds for the instruction of the people’ (Hunminjeongeum), the Korean indigenous script is considered to be one of the most practical and logical languages in the world, yet as a unique minority language it is regarded by many as being under threat from the Roman alphabet and dominant languages of the East Asian region.
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