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The rapid development of prenatal and reproductive medicine during the last decades has meant that for the first time the unborn human life has become a specific object for medical diagnosis and therapy. In contrast, some nearly forgotten ideas about procreation and pregnancy, which are yet noticeable in everyday life, deserve to be looked at: (1) the importance of the procreative act, (2) the coining of the fetus by the »imagination« of the mother, (3) the influence of the stars and the devil, and (4) the »matrix« (uterus) as the »smallest world« (Paracelsus). The question is, how far a »liberal eugenics« (Habermas) runs the risk of sustaining theories of race hygiene and biologism and excluding basic anthropological questions.