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The tale of Richard FitzRalph’s reception over time is a complex one. Regarded with a certain ambivalence in the early period of the Reformation in England and Ireland, by writers such as Leland and Bale, it is an altogether different story when told by Foxe and others where FitzRalph is very much a hero of the reform. By the 17th and 18th centuries, FitzRalph was a favourite of the Anglican divines. In addition to being mentioned in England and Ireland, FitzRalph was cited in theological dispute within the reformed tradition in Scotland, especially concerning the episcopacy. And he had his admirers among the Methodists too. In Roman Catholic circles, FitzRalph came in for some censure by leading theologians of the Counter Reformation, such as Robert Bellarmine, but he was soon recruited to the secular cause in ongoing disputes with the regulars, particularly in Ireland. However, by the 19th century, in the decades after Catholic Emancipation, in a time of rebuilding and consolidation for Roman Catholicism in Ireland, FitzRalph is being held up as the type of the good diocesan bishop, being both learned and pastoral. From the late 19th and early 20th centuries, FitzRalph began to receive the kind of scholarly attention he deserves. Until today,m efforts to edit and study his works and place them in their proper contexts continue apace.
Abstract
Richard FitzRalph (ca. 1300–1360) enjoyed a long and active life. He was a prolific writer in a variety of forms. At Oxford he was a student, then master, and subsequently Chancellor of the University. FitzRalph was Dean of Lichfield and Archbishop of Armagh. He was a committed pastor, preacher, and polemicist. He took a keen interest in the reform of his diocese and in addressing the political, social, and economic realities in the Ireland of his day. He travelled widely in pursuit of various causes and was heard at the courts of kings and popes. The many contacts he made, especially at Avignon, and his many interactions with thinkers from a wide range of backgrounds gave him a cosmopolitan outlook even if his focus narrowed towards the end of his life, when the issue of the mendicant friars dominated. He was a leading Irish intellectual of his day. His Defensio curatorum was translated into Middle English by John of Trevisa and in printed form is the only work by an Irishman to survive as an incunabulum. After his death he was venerated as St Richard of Dundalk.
Fourteenth-Century Scholar, Bishop, and Polemicist
This book presents an overview together with a detailed examination of the life and ideas of a major thinker and protagonist of the first half of the fourteenth century, Richard FitzRalph (1300-60, Armachanus). A central figure in debates at Oxford, Avignon and Ireland, FitzRalph is perhaps best-known for his central role in the poverty controversies of the 1350s. Each of the chapters collected here sheds a different perspective on the many aspects of FitzRalph’s life and works, from his time at the University of Oxford, his role as preacher and pastoral concerns, his contacts with the Eastern Churches, and finally his case at the Papal court against the privileges granted to the Franciscans. His influence and later reputation is also examined.
Contributors include: Michael W. Dunne, Jean-François Genest†, Michael Haren, Elżbieta Jung, Severin V. Kitanov, Stephen Lahey, Monika Michałowska, Simon Nolan O.Carm, Bridget Riley, Chris Schabel, and John T. Slotemaker
Contributors include: Michael W. Dunne, Jean-François Genest†, Michael Haren, Elżbieta Jung, Severin V. Kitanov, Stephen Lahey, Monika Michałowska, Simon Nolan O.Carm, Bridget Riley, Chris Schabel, and John T. Slotemaker
Fourteenth-Century Scholar, Bishop, and Polemicist
This book presents an overview together with a detailed examination of the life and ideas of a major thinker and protagonist of the first half of the fourteenth century, Richard FitzRalph (1300-60, Armachanus). A central figure in debates at Oxford, Avignon and Ireland, FitzRalph is perhaps best-known for his central role in the poverty controversies of the 1350s. Each of the chapters collected here sheds a different perspective on the many aspects of FitzRalph’s life and works, from his time at the University of Oxford, his role as preacher and pastoral concerns, his contacts with the Eastern Churches, and finally his case at the Papal court against the privileges granted to the Franciscans. His influence and later reputation is also examined.
Contributors include: Michael W. Dunne, Jean-François Genest†, Michael Haren, Elżbieta Jung, Severin V. Kitanov, Stephen Lahey, Monika Michałowska, Simon Nolan O.Carm, Bridget Riley, Chris Schabel, and John T. Slotemaker
Contributors include: Michael W. Dunne, Jean-François Genest†, Michael Haren, Elżbieta Jung, Severin V. Kitanov, Stephen Lahey, Monika Michałowska, Simon Nolan O.Carm, Bridget Riley, Chris Schabel, and John T. Slotemaker