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nonexistence. And in any case, courts were reluctant to make a judgment on the question of at what level one’s suffering or quality of life ceases being worth living and on how to quantify one’s appropriate compensation.71 The scientific revolution gave rise to a new set of claims. In view of the
Polish proposal submitted to the Commission on Human Rights in 1978 already targeted the specific situation and vul- nerability of children living outside their family environment: ‘Society and the public authorities shall have the duty to extend particular care to chil- dren without a family [. . .]’.78
microcephaly) but was revealed in a televi- sion show8 to be the child of the surrogate’s husband. The cases coincide with early news (Louise Brown, the first IVF baby was born in 1978) and early concerns about the reproduction revolution. And, it was this, rather than surrogacy itself, which motivated the
age, as the best years of our life. Childhood is synonymous with innocence. It is a time when we are spared the rigours of adult life; it is a time of freedom, of joy, of play. The argument runs that, just as we avoid the responsibilities and adversities of adult life in childhood, so there should
harmful social and cultural practices affecting the welfare, dignity, normal growth and development of the child and in particular: (a) those customs and practices prejudi- cial to the health or life of the child; and (b) those customs and practices discriminatory to the child on the grounds of sex or
relate to the lived experiences of right-holders. 26. Let us say that Ahmed has reached the age for primary school and his mother goes to register him. There is a school fee, which officials can waive for families living below the poverty line. Ahmed’s mother applies for the waiver, and the enrolment
risking the child’s life.27 The most substantial life-related arguments often raised against male circumcision, scarification, and milk teeth extraction are that when they are carried out without sterilized tools or in an unhygienic environment, there is a greater risk for transmission of HIV
children’s bioethics in subsequent chapters. A. CASE SELECTION The cases selected for this study involve biomedical practices that are culturally empowering or are at least perceived as such by their respective communities. Bodily practices that are motivated by hate, revenge, or by reason of
, to foster social inclusion, better public services and improved quality of life through the use of ICT.11 The 2008 Commission Communication on Creative Content Online in the Single Market is another important document in this area and also has a threefold aim: to ensure “that European content
-half-year-old boy living in a foster home and his parents, the Supreme Court argues based on the child’s right to family life, not only the parents’ rights. This is an approach seldom seen in this kind of judgments. The Supreme Court argues that the boy has a right to family life, and both the Constitution, echr